Kampana: 34 definitions
Introduction:
Kampana means something in Hinduism, Sanskrit, Jainism, Prakrit, Buddhism, Pali, the history of ancient India, Marathi, Hindi, biology. If you want to know the exact meaning, history, etymology or English translation of this term then check out the descriptions on this page. Add your comment or reference to a book if you want to contribute to this summary article.
Alternative spellings of this word include Kampan.
Images (photo gallery)
In Hinduism
Purana and Itihasa (epic history)
Kampanā (कम्पना) is the name of a mind-born ‘divine mother’ (mātṛ), created for the purpose of drinking the blood of the Andhaka demons, according to the Matsya-purāṇa 179.8. The Andhaka demons spawned out of every drop of blood spilled from the original Andhakāsura (Andhaka-demon). According to the Matsya-purāṇa 179.35, “Most terrible they (e.g., Kampanā) all drank the blood of those Andhakas and become exceedingly satiated.”
The Matsyapurāṇa is categorised as a Mahāpurāṇa, and was originally composed of 20,000 metrical verses, dating from the 1st-millennium BCE. The narrator is Matsya, one of the ten major avatars of Viṣṇu.
1) Kampana (कम्पन).—A mighty King. He was a prominent member of the court of Yudhiṣṭhira. (Chapter 4, Sabhā Parva, Mahābhārata).
2) Kampana (कम्पन).—A demon. (See under Nahuṣa).
3) Kampanā (कम्पना).—A river. If one bathes in this river one will get the benefit of doing a Puṇḍarīka yajña. (Chapter 84, Vana Parva, Mahābhārata).
Kampana (कम्पन) is the name of a Gaṇeśvara (attendant of Śiva), according to the Śivapurāṇa 2.5.9 (“Śiva’s campaign”).—Accordingly, as Śiva with the Gods attacked Tripura: “[...] O great Brahmins, all the Gaṇeśvaras went to the three cities. Who can enumerate them fully? I shall mention a few. These were the important ones who were there—[e.g., Kampana] [...]. These and other innumerable lords of Gaṇas who cannot be characterised and classified surrounded Śiva and went ahead. [...] They were capable of burning the entire world including the mobile and immobile beings, within a trice by their very thought. Surrounding Śiva, the great lord, they went ahead. [...]”.
Kampana (कम्पन).—An Yakṣa.*
- * Vāyu-purāṇa 69. 177.
Kampana (कम्पन) refers to the name of a Tīrtha (pilgrim’s destination) mentioned in the Mahābhārata (cf. II.82.99). Note: The Mahābhārata (mentioning Kampana) is a Sanskrit epic poem consisting of 100,000 ślokas (metrical verses) and is over 2000 years old.
The Purana (पुराण, purāṇas) refers to Sanskrit literature preserving ancient India’s vast cultural history, including historical legends, religious ceremonies, various arts and sciences. The eighteen mahapuranas total over 400,000 shlokas (metrical couplets) and date to at least several centuries BCE.
Natyashastra (theatrics and dramaturgy)
1) Kampana (कम्पन, “trembling”) refers to a specific gesture (āṅgika) made with the lips (uṣṭha), according to the Nāṭyaśāstra chapter 8. These gestures form a part of the histrionic representation (abhinaya).
2) Kampana (कम्पन, “shaking”) also refers to a specific gesture (āṅgika) made with the thighs (ūru), according to the Nāṭyaśāstra chapter 10. These gestures form a part of the histrionic representation (abhinaya).
3) Kampana (कम्पन) refers to a weapon which should measure should measure twenty aṅguli (unit of measurement), according to Nāṭyaśāstra chapter 23. It is also known by the names Kaṇapa and Kaṇaya. In dramatic plays, weapons such as kampana should be made by experts using proper measurements and given to persons engaged in a fight, angry conflict or siege. It forms a component of āhāryābhinaya (extraneous representation).
Kampana (कम्पन, “trembling”).—A type of gesture (āṅgika) made with the lips (uṣṭha);—Instructions: throbbing (of lips). Uses: in pain, cold, fear, anger, japa and the like.
Kampana (कम्पन, “shaking”).—A type of gesture (āṅgika) made with the thighs (ūru);—Instructions: raising and lowering of heels repeatedly. Uses: in the frightened movement of persons of the inferior type.
Natyashastra (नाट्यशास्त्र, nāṭyaśāstra) refers to both the ancient Indian tradition (shastra) of performing arts, (natya—theatrics, drama, dance, music), as well as the name of a Sanskrit work dealing with these subjects. It also teaches the rules for composing Dramatic plays (nataka), construction and performance of Theater, and Poetic works (kavya).
Dhanurveda (science of warfare)
Kampana refers to a kind of missile and represents a kind of weapon employed in warfare by the soldiers, according to Śrīnātha’s 15th century Palanāṭivīra-caritra. The Vardhmānapuram inscription states that the king should be proficient in dealing several varieties of weapons.
Dhanurveda (धनुर्वेद) refers to the “knowledge of warfare” and, as an upaveda, is associated with the Ṛgveda. It contains instructions on warfare, archery and ancient Indian martial arts, dating back to the 2nd-3rd millennium BCE.
Vyakarana (Sanskrit grammar)
Kampana (कम्पन).—A fault in uttering an accented vowel especially a vowel with the circumflex accent which is not properly uttered by the Southerners as remarked by Uvvata; cf कम्पनं नाम रचराश्रितपाठदोषः । स च प्रायेण दाक्षिणात्यानां भवति । स च वर्ज्यः । (kampanaṃ nāma racarāśritapāṭhadoṣaḥ | sa ca prāyeṇa dākṣiṇātyānāṃ bhavati | sa ca varjyaḥ |) Uvvaṭa on R. Pr. III.18.
Vyakarana (व्याकरण, vyākaraṇa) refers to Sanskrit grammar and represents one of the six additional sciences (vedanga) to be studied along with the Vedas. Vyakarana concerns itself with the rules of Sanskrit grammar and linguistic analysis in order to establish the correct context of words and sentences.
Yoga (school of philosophy)
Kampana (कम्पन) refers to the “trembling” (of the Yogin’s mind), according to the Amanaska Yoga treatise dealing with meditation, absorption, yogic powers and liberation.—Accordingly, as Īśvara says to Vāmadeva: “[...] [Now], I shall define the nature of that highest, mind-free absorption which arises for those devoted to constant practice. [...] By means of an absorption for two Kalās, with the moving about of Kuṇḍalinī, there arises in a flash a single trembling (kampana) of [the Yogin's] mind. By means of an absorption of four Kalās, his sleep ceases. In his heart, the Yogin observes a point of fiery light like a spark. [...]”.
Yoga is originally considered a branch of Hindu philosophy (astika), but both ancient and modern Yoga combine the physical, mental and spiritual. Yoga teaches various physical techniques also known as āsanas (postures), used for various purposes (eg., meditation, contemplation, relaxation).
Ayurveda (science of life)
Toxicology (Study and Treatment of poison)
Kampana (कम्पन) refers to the “trembling” (of limbs) and is a symptom of a snake-bite caused by the Hemamaṇḍalī-snakes, according to the Kāśyapa Saṃhitā: an ancient Sanskrit text from the Pāñcarātra tradition dealing with both Tantra and Viṣacikitsā, which represents the Ayurvedic study on Toxicology (Viṣavidyā or Sarpavidyā).—Accordingly, while describing the sympyoms of Hemamaṇḍalī: “Dryness of tongue, a strange sensation, discolourisation, stomach ache, jaundiced yellow eyes and headache. In the forenoon, the victim is characterised by vomiting, disinterestedness and thirst. Cold, trembling of limbs (kampana) [gātrāṇāṃ kampanaṃ] and lethargy torment him at other times”.
Āyurveda (आयुर्वेद, ayurveda) is a branch of Indian science dealing with medicine, herbalism, taxology, anatomy, surgery, alchemy and related topics. Traditional practice of Āyurveda in ancient India dates back to at least the first millenium BC. Literature is commonly written in Sanskrit using various poetic metres.
In Jainism
General definition (in Jainism)
Kampaṇa (कम्पण) refers to a kind of weapon, according to chapter 2.2 [ajitanātha-caritra] of Hemacandra’s 11th century Triṣaṣṭiśalākāpuruṣacaritra: an ancient Sanskrit epic poem narrating the history and legends of sixty-three illustrious persons in Jainism.
Accordingly: “Sagara put in his heart archery and the characteristics of other weapons just from hearing them, as easily as his own name. He attained skill in fighting with the bow, sword and shield, dagger, arrow, axe, lance, javelin (i.e., bhindipāla), club, kampaṇa (?), staff, spear, pike, plow-share, mace, cudgel, pattiṣa, duḥsphoṭa (?), bhuṣaṇḍhī sling, arrow, trident, dart, and other weapons in conformity with the manuals. He became filled with all the arts like the full moon with digits, and he was adorned with good qualities, reverence, etc., like ornaments”.
Jainism is an Indian religion of Dharma whose doctrine revolves around harmlessness (ahimsa) towards every living being. The two major branches (Digambara and Svetambara) of Jainism stimulate self-control (or, shramana, ‘self-reliance’) and spiritual development through a path of peace for the soul to progess to the ultimate goal.
India history and geography
Most probably, Sri Lanka was under the control of the Vijayanagara kings for some time. Vijayanagara King Kampana killed the Sultan of Madurai and returned the kingdom to the descendant of the Pandya dynasty at the end of the 7th century.
Kampana or Kampanamu is one of the terms designating an ‘administrative division’ used in the inscriptions of Andhra Pradesh.—Kampana in Kannada means a district. It was also meant to designate a small unit equivalent to a pargana. In Andhra Pradesh Kampana divisions occur in the inscriptions of the Kalyana Chalukyas, viz. Ettapi-90 kampanamu, Kaluvachedu-40 kampanamu, etc. and Uduvali-kampana in the Kakatiya records. The number of gramas included (90,40, etc.) shows that the size of kampana was small and varied. At times the term baliya was used instead of kampana.
Kampana or Kampanā.—(IE 8-3), the army [in ancient Kashmir]; cf. Kampanapati, etc. Note: kampana is defined in the “Indian epigraphical glossary” as it can be found on ancient inscriptions commonly written in Sanskrit, Prakrit or Dravidian languages.
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Kampaṇa.—(IE 8-4), a small territorial unit like a Parganā. Note: kampaṇa is defined in the “Indian epigraphical glossary” as it can be found on ancient inscriptions commonly written in Sanskrit, Prakrit or Dravidian languages.
Kampana refers to: “A small administrative division”.—It is included in the glossary section of the “Cultural study of Jayasimha II (based on inscriptions)”. This essay aims to present the life, religion, economics and ethics of the people during the time of Chalukya Jayasimha II.
The history of India traces the identification of countries, villages, towns and other regions of India, as well as mythology, zoology, royal dynasties, rulers, tribes, local festivities and traditions and regional languages. Ancient India enjoyed religious freedom and encourages the path of Dharma, a concept common to Buddhism, Hinduism, and Jainism.
Biology (plants and animals)
Kampana in Upper Volta is the name of a plant defined with Zea mays in various botanical sources. This page contains potential references in Ayurveda, modern medicine, and other folk traditions or local practices It has the synonym Zea maiz Vell. (among others).
Example references for further research on medicinal uses or toxicity (see latin names for full list):
· Proceedings of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences (1891)
· Escritos (1923)
· Annales des Sciences Naturelles, Botanique (1829)
· Taxon (1987)
· De Fructibus et Seminibus Plantarum… . (1788)
· The American Botanist and Florist (1870)
If you are looking for specific details regarding Kampana, for example extract dosage, chemical composition, pregnancy safety, health benefits, side effects, diet and recipes, have a look at these references.
This sections includes definitions from the five kingdoms of living things: Animals, Plants, Fungi, Protists and Monera. It will include both the official binomial nomenclature (scientific names usually in Latin) as well as regional spellings and variants.
Languages of India and abroad
Pali-English dictionary
kampana : (nt.) trembling; movement.
Kampana, (fr. kamp) 1. adj. causing to shake DhA. I, 84, trembling Kacc 271; 2. (nt) (a) an earthquake J. I, 26 47; (b) tremor (of feelings) J. III, 163.
kampana (ကမ္ပန) [(thī,na) (ထီ၊န)]—
[kapi+yu．kampa+yu]
[ကပိ+ယု။ ကမ္ပ+ယု]
[Pali to Burmese]
kampana—
(Burmese text): (၁)တုန်လှုပ်ခြင်း။ (တိ) (၂) တုန်လှုပ်တတ်သော၊ သူ။
(Auto-Translation): (1) Earthquake. (2) One who can shake.
Pali is the language of the Tipiṭaka, which is the sacred canon of Theravāda Buddhism and contains much of the Buddha’s speech. Closeley related to Sanskrit, both languages are used interchangeably between religions.
Marathi-English dictionary
kampaṇa (कंपण) [or कंपणकांटा, kampaṇakāṇṭā].—m A balance for nice weighing, a tongue-balance.
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kampana (कंपन).—n S Trembling, quivering, quaking.
Marathi is an Indo-European language having over 70 million native speakers people in (predominantly) Maharashtra India. Marathi, like many other Indo-Aryan languages, evolved from early forms of Prakrit, which itself is a subset of Sanskrit, one of the most ancient languages of the world.
Sanskrit dictionary
Kampana (कम्पन).—a. [kamp-yuc] Trembling, shaking.
-naḥ 1 Śiśira season (November-December).
2) A kind of missile.
3) A kind of fever (sānnipātika).
-nam 1 Shaking, tremor.
2) Quivering pronunciation.
Kampana (कम्पन).—mfn.
(-naḥ-nā-naṃ) Trembling, unsteady, shaken. n.
(-naṃ) Trembling quivering. m.
(-naḥ) The dewy season. (Nov.-Dec.) E. kapi to tremble, and yuc or lyuṭ aff.
Kampana (कम्पन).—[kamp + ana], I. adj., f. nā. 1. Causing to tremble, Mahābhārata 13, 662. Ii. m. 1. A certain weapon, [Rāmāyaṇa] 6, 7, 24. 2. A proper name, Mahābhārata 2, 117. 3. The name of a country, [Rājataraṅgiṇī] 5, 446. Iii. f. nā, The name of a river, Mahābhārata 3, 8094. Iv. n. Trembling, Mahābhārata 3, 13539.
Kampana (कम्पन).—[adjective] trembling or causing to tremble; [neuter] = [preceding]
1) Kampana (कम्पन):—[from kamp] mf(ā)n. trembling, shaken, unsteady
2) [v.s. ...] causing to tremble, shaking, [Mahābhārata]
3) [v.s. ...] m. a kind of weapon, [Mahābhārata i, 2836; Rāmāyaṇa]
4) [v.s. ...] a kind of fever, [Bhāvaprakāśa]
5) [v.s. ...] the cool or dewy season (from about the middle of January to that of March), [cf. Lexicographers, esp. such as amarasiṃha, halāyudha, hemacandra, etc.]
6) [v.s. ...] Name of a king, [Mahābhārata ii, 117]
7) [v.s. ...] of a country near Kāśmīra, [Rājataraṅgiṇī]
8) Kampanā (कम्पना):—[from kampana > kamp] f. Name of a river, [Mahābhārata; Viṣṇu-purāṇa]
9) [v.s. ...] f. ([probably]) an army in motion
10) Kampana (कम्पन):—[from kamp] n. trembling, quivering, [Suśruta]
11) [v.s. ...] an earthquake, [Mahābhārata v, 7239]
12) [v.s. ...] quivering or thrilling pronunciation (See kampa) [commentator or commentary] on [Ṛgveda-prātiśākhya]
13) [v.s. ...] the act of shaking, swinging, [Kātyāyana-śrauta-sūtra; Suśruta i, 85, 9; Tarkasaṃgraha etc.]
Kampana (कम्पन):—[(naḥ-nā-naṃ) a.] Trembling. m. Dewy season. n. Quivering.
Kampana (कम्पन):—(wie eben)
1) adj. f. ā a) zitternd [Amarakoṣa 3, 2, 24.] [Hemacandra’s Abhidhānacintāmaṇi 1455.] [Medinīkoṣa Nalopākhyāna 44.] kampanā śākhā [Pāṇini’s acht Bücher 3, 2, 153,] [Scholiast] akampana Nomen proprium eines Rakṣas [6, 18, 18] (lies: rakṣasākampanena) [29. 30.] — b) zittern machend, erschütternd (vom caus.): merukampanaḥ (dānavaḥ) [Mahābhārata 13, 662.] vākyaṃ hṛdayakampanam [Duaupadīpramātha 4, 22.] evamuktā bhartrā hṛdayakampanam [Mahābhārata 1, 1895.] —
2) m. a) eine best. Waffe [Rāmāyaṇa 6, 7, 24.] [Mahābhārata 1, 2836.] — b) die kühle Jahreszeit (śiśira, zwischen Winter und Frühling) [Rājanirghaṇṭa im Śabdakalpadruma] — c) Nomen proprium eines Fürsten [Mahābhārata 2, 117.] — d) Nomen proprium eines Landes, das an Kāśmīra angränzt, [Rājataraṅgiṇī 5, 446.] —
3) f. kampanā Nomen proprium eines Flusses [Mahābhārata 3, 8094. 6, 333.] [Viṣṇupurāṇa 183.] [Lassen’s Indische Alterthumskunde II, 132, Nalopākhyāna 4.] —
4) n. a) das Zittern [Medinīkoṣa] [Suśruta 2, 406, 9.] bhūmi [Mahābhārata 3, 13539.] — b) = kampa [?2. UVAṬA zu Prātiśākhya zum Ṛgveda 3, 18] und andere Comm. — c) das Schütteln, Schwingen [Kātyāyana’s Śrautasūtrāṇi 9, 13, 35.] [Suśruta 1, 85, 9.] [Pāṇini’s acht Bücher 7, 3, 38,] [Scholiast]
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Kampana (कम्पन):—
4) a) ulkāśca śataśaḥ petuḥ sanirghātāḥ sakampanāḥ mit einem Erdbeben verbunden [Mahābhārata 5, 7239.] = savidyutaḥ [Nīlakaṇṭha] — c) [TARKAS. 9.] — Vgl. kha .
Kampana (कम्पन):——
1) Adj. (f. ā) — a) zittend. — b) zittern machen , erschütternd. —
2) m. — a) einer best. Waffe. — b) eine Species von Fieber [Bhāvaprakāśa 3,71.] — c) *die kühle Jahreszeit. — d) Nomen proprium — α) eines Fürsten. — β) eines an Kāśmīra angrenzenden Landes. —
3) f. ā Nomen proprium eines Flusses. —
4) n. — a) das Zittern , Beben. — b) Erdbeben. — c) vibratio , trillernde Aussprache. — d) das Schütteln , Schwingen.
Kampana (कम्पन) in the Sanskrit language is related to the Prakrit word: Kaṃpaṇa.
Sanskrit, also spelled संस्कृतम् (saṃskṛtam), is an ancient language of India commonly seen as the grandmother of the Indo-European language family (even English!). Closely allied with Prakrit and Pali, Sanskrit is more exhaustive in both grammar and terms and has the most extensive collection of literature in the world, greatly surpassing its sister-languages Greek and Latin.
Hindi dictionary
1) Kaṃpana (कंपन) [Also spelled kampan]:—(nm) tremor; quivering, trembling; shivering; vibration.
2) Kāṃpanā (कांपना):—(v) to tremble; to quiver; to shiver.
...
Prakrit-English dictionary
Kaṃpaṇa (कंपण) in the Prakrit language is related to the Sanskrit word: Kampana.
Prakrit is an ancient language closely associated with both Pali and Sanskrit. Jain literature is often composed in this language or sub-dialects, such as the Agamas and their commentaries which are written in Ardhamagadhi and Maharashtri Prakrit. The earliest extant texts can be dated to as early as the 4th century BCE although core portions might be older.
Kannada-English dictionary
Kaṃpaṇa (ಕಂಪಣ):—[noun] a territory marked off for special administrative etc. purposes; a district.
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Kaṃpaṇa (ಕಂಪಣ):—[noun] a bundle of hay, harvested crop, etc.
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Kaṃpaṇa (ಕಂಪಣ):—[noun] a kind of military weapon.
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Kaṃpana (ಕಂಪನ):—
1) [noun] the act or condition of trembling; a trembling, shaking or shivering.
2) [noun] a kind of weapon.
3) [noun] one of the six seasons of a year, that corresponds to November and December months.
4) [noun] a temporary state of extreme mental excitement, marked by restlessness, confused speech, and hallucinations; delirium.
Kannada is a Dravidian language (as opposed to the Indo-European language family) mainly spoken in the southwestern region of India.
Nepali dictionary
Kampana (कम्पन):—n. → कम्प [kampa]
Nepali is the primary language of the Nepalese people counting almost 20 million native speakers. The country of Nepal is situated in the Himalaya mountain range to the north of India.
See also (Relevant definitions)
Partial matches (+0): Ao, Yu, Yu, Kapi.
Starts with (+8): Kampana-adhipati, Kampana-udgrahaka, Kampanadhipati, Kampanagol, Kampanagolisu, Kampanak, Kampanaka, Kampanakara, Kampanakarana, Kampanakarappatta, Kampanakilesa, Kampanakkhi, Kampanam, Kampanamka, Kampanamu, Kampanapati, kampanar, Kampanarasa, Kampanasanti, Kampanatan.
Full-text (+67): Akampana, Anukampana, Prakampana, Vikampana, Svakampana, Kshitikampana, Pathavikampana, Kampanatanha, Utkampana, Hridayakampana, Kampanarasa, Sakampana, Kampanakara, Katikampana, Kampanakarana, Akalakampana, Dasasahassikampana, Dasasahassacakkavalakampana, Dasasahassilokadhatukampana, Padesapathavikampana.
Relevant text
Search found 55 books and stories containing Kampana, Kampanā, Kaṃpana, Kaṃpaṇa, Kampaṇa, Kāṃpanā, Kampanas, Kapi-yu; (plurals include: Kampanas, Kampanās, Kaṃpanas, Kaṃpaṇas, Kampaṇas, Kāṃpanās, Kampanases, yus). You can also click to the full overview containing English textual excerpts. Below are direct links for the most relevant articles:
Dictionaries of Indian languages (Kosha)
Page 322 < [Hindi-Bengali-English Volume 3]
Page 909 < [Hindi-Malayalam-English Volume 1]
Page 892 < [Hindi-Marathi-English Volume 1]
A Cultural Study of Jayasimha II (by Shivaraju)
Part 2 - Divisions of Administration < [Chapter 3 - Administrative system]
Part 2 - Industries and Industrial Production in ancient India < [Chapter 5 - Economic condition]
Part 4 - The Mahasamantas (feudatory rulers) < [Chapter 3 - Administrative system]
Journal of Ayurveda and Integrated Medical Sciences
Ayurvedic approach in the management of Kampavata (Parkinson’s Disease) < [Vol. 9 No. 7 (2024)]
Multiple sclerosis an Ayurvedic approach - A Critical View < [Vol. 4 No. 06 (2019)]
Critical review on specific symptomology of Vataj and Vatkaphaj Gridhrasi... < [Vol. 4 No. 05 (2019)]
International Ayurvedic Medical Journal
Concept of pain in ayurveda – a review < [2018, Issue X, October]
Parkinson’s disease – an outlook through vikalpa samprapti < [2020, Issue 3, March]
An ayurvedic approach for management of kampavata w.s.r to parkinsonism - a case study < [2017, Issue VI June]
Further sources of Vijayanagara history (by K. A. Nilakanta Sastri)
A Descriptive Catalogue of the Sanskrit Manuscripts, Madras (by M. Seshagiri Sastri)