Kalandakanivapa, Kalandakanivāpa, Kalandaka-nivapa: 7 definitions
Introduction:
Kalandakanivapa means something in Buddhism, Pali, Hinduism, Sanskrit, the history of ancient India. If you want to know the exact meaning, history, etymology or English translation of this term then check out the descriptions on this page. Add your comment or reference to a book if you want to contribute to this summary article.
In Buddhism
Theravada (major branch of Buddhism)
A woodland in Veluvana. Here food (nivapa) was regularly placed for the squirrels. It is said that once a certain raja went there for a picnic and, having over drunk, fell asleep. His retinue, seeing him sleeping, wandered away, looking for flowers and fruits. A snake, attracted by the smell of liquor, approached the king from a neighbouring tree trunk, and would have bitten him had not a tree sprite, assuming the form of a squirrel, awakened him by her chirping. In gratitude the raja gave orders that thenceforth the squirrels in that locality should be fed regularly. UdA.60; SnA.ii.419. According to some, it was the gift of a merchant named Kalandaka (Beal: Romantic Legend, p.315); Tibetan sources identify the raja with Bimbisara and say that the snake was a reincarnation of the owner whose land the king had confiscated. According to these same sources the name is Kalantaka and is described as the name of a bird (Rockhill: op. cit., p.43).
Kalandakanivapa was evidently a favourite resort of the Buddha and his monks.
See Veluvana.
Theravāda is a major branch of Buddhism having the the Pali canon (tipitaka) as their canonical literature, which includes the vinaya-pitaka (monastic rules), the sutta-pitaka (Buddhist sermons) and the abhidhamma-pitaka (philosophy and psychology).
Mahayana (major branch of Buddhism)
Kalandakanivāpa (कलन्दकनिवाप) is the name of a field according to appendix 3 of the 2nd century Mahāprajñāpāramitāśāstra (chapter XXX).—Accordingly, “the Buddha Bhagavat was swelling at Rājagṛha in the Bamboo Park at Kalandakanivāpa. At that time there was a hermitage belonging to a hermit endowed with the five super-knowledges. The latter, walking near the hermitage, urinated on the muddy ground. A thirsty doe happened to come to that place; tormented by thirst, she drank the hermit’s urine and then sniffed at her own vulva. The retribution for the actions of beings is inconceivable! The doe became pregnant and later came to the same place to give birth, giving birth to a male child [later named Mṛgaśiras or ‘deer’s head’]”.
Mahayana (महायान, mahāyāna) is a major branch of Buddhism focusing on the path of a Bodhisattva (spiritual aspirants/ enlightened beings). Extant literature is vast and primarely composed in the Sanskrit language. There are many sūtras of which some of the earliest are the various Prajñāpāramitā sūtras.
India history and geography
Kalandakanivāpa (कलन्दकनिवाप) is the name of a forest situated in Majjhimadesa (Middle Country) of ancient India, as recorded in the Pāli Buddhist texts (detailing the geography of ancient India as it was known in to Early Buddhism).—Kalandakanivāpa is at Rājagaha. In the Majjhima Nikāya we are told that once the Buddha dwelt in the Kalandakanivāpa at Veluvana in Rājagaha.
The history of India traces the identification of countries, villages, towns and other regions of India, as well as mythology, zoology, royal dynasties, rulers, tribes, local festivities and traditions and regional languages. Ancient India enjoyed religious freedom and encourages the path of Dharma, a concept common to Buddhism, Hinduism, and Jainism.
Languages of India and abroad
Pali-English dictionary
kalandakanivāpa : (m.) a locality where the squirrels are fed.
kalandakanivāpa (ကလန္ဒကနိဝါပ) [(ti) (တိ)]—
[kalandaka+nivāpa]
[ကလန္ဒက+နိဝါပ]
[Pali to Burmese]
kalandakanivāpa—
(Burmese text): ရှဉ့်နက်တို့ကို အစားအစာ ပေးရာဖြစ်သော (ဥယျာဉ်)။
(Auto-Translation): Food provided for the birds (garden).
Pali is the language of the Tipiṭaka, which is the sacred canon of Theravāda Buddhism and contains much of the Buddha’s speech. Closeley related to Sanskrit, both languages are used interchangeably between religions.
Sanskrit dictionary
Kalaṇḍakanivāpa (कलण्डकनिवाप).—see Kalandaka°.
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Kalandakanivāpa (कलन्दकनिवाप).—m. (= Pali id., squirrel food- offering), also written in mss. Karandaka°, q.v., and Kalaṇḍaka°, Karaṇḍaka°, see below; name of a place nean Rājagṛha where Buddha often dwelt: Mahāvastu i.255.4 (v.l. kar°); iii.47.12 (v.l. kalaṇḍaka°); 60.2 (mss. kalaṇḍaka° or kar°); 91.14 (no v.l.); Mahāvyutpatti 4138 kalandaka-nivāsa, but Index with v.l. and Mironov °nivāpa; Divyāvadāna 143.1 (ed. Kar° but 3 of 4 mss. Kal°); 262.8; 298.24 (here 3 mss. Kalanda- ni°); 364.19 (printed Kalindaka°); 506.7; 544.22; Avadāna-śataka i.1.8 etc. (list, Speyer, Index 213); Burnouf, Introd. 456 cites Karaṇḍaka° from Avadāna-śataka but the passage (ii.186.5) in Speyer reads Kalandaka° without v.l.
Sanskrit, also spelled संस्कृतम् (saṃskṛtam), is an ancient language of India commonly seen as the grandmother of the Indo-European language family (even English!). Closely allied with Prakrit and Pali, Sanskrit is more exhaustive in both grammar and terms and has the most extensive collection of literature in the world, greatly surpassing its sister-languages Greek and Latin.
See also (Relevant definitions)
Partial matches: Kalandaka, Nivapa.
Full-text: Addhabhuta Sutta, Dighalatthi, Kalandaka, Dalidda Sutta, Cundi, Sappa Sutta, Ayu Sutta, Akkosaka, Samana, Samiddhi Sutta, Akroshaka, Veluvana, Gilana Sutta, Ambalatthika.
Relevant text
Search found 8 books and stories containing Kalandakanivapa, Kalandakanivāpa, Kalandaka-nivapa, Kalandaka-nivāpa, Kalaṇḍakanivāpa, Kalaṇḍaka-nivāpa; (plurals include: Kalandakanivapas, Kalandakanivāpas, nivapas, nivāpas, Kalaṇḍakanivāpas). You can also click to the full overview containing English textual excerpts. Below are direct links for the most relevant articles:
Vinaya (2): The Mahavagga (by T. W. Rhys Davids)
Mahavagga, Khandaka 6, Chapter 17 < [Khandaka 6 - On Medicaments]
Mahavagga, Khandaka 6, Chapter 22 < [Khandaka 6 - On Medicaments]
Mahavagga, Khandaka 3, Chapter 1 < [Khandaka 3 - Residence during the Rainy Season]
Vinaya (3): The Cullavagga (by T. W. Rhys Davids)
Cullavagga, Khandaka 5, Chapter 1 < [Khandaka 5 - On the Daily Life of the Bhikkhus]
Cullavagga, Khandaka 6, Chapter 1 < [Khandaka 6 - On Dwellings and Furniture]
Cullavagga, Khandaka 6, Chapter 21 < [Khandaka 6 - On Dwellings and Furniture]
Taisho: Chinese Buddhist Canon
Scroll 59e - Part 219: Avyakata-sutta < [Part 26 - Middle Length Discourses]
Scroll 29e - Part 121: Pavarana-sutta < [Part 26 - Middle Length Discourses]
Scroll 36a - Part 145: Gopaka-moggallana-sutta < [Part 26 - Middle Length Discourses]
Maha Prajnaparamita Sastra (by Gelongma Karma Migme Chödrön)
Appendix 4 - Description of Veṇuvana (bamboo park) < [Chapter V - Rājagṛha]
Appendix 6 - The story of Mṛgaśiras < [Chapter XXX - The Characteristics of Prajñā]
Appendix 1 - The five hundred insults and five hundred praises to the Buddha < [Chapter XLII - The Great Loving-kindness and the Great Compassion of the Buddhas]
The Catu-Bhanavara-Pali (critical study) (by Moumita Dutta Banik)
(1) Mahakassapa Thera Bojjhanga < [Chapter 3 - Subject Matter of the Second Bhanavara]
Mahayana Mahaparinirvana Sutra
Chapter XXXVI - On Bodhisattva Lion's Roar (d) < [Section Seven]