Kai, Kaī, Kāi, Kǎi, Kài: 38 definitions
Introduction:
Kai means something in Buddhism, Pali, Hinduism, Sanskrit, the history of ancient India, Marathi, Jainism, Prakrit, Hindi, biology, Tamil. If you want to know the exact meaning, history, etymology or English translation of this term then check out the descriptions on this page. Add your comment or reference to a book if you want to contribute to this summary article.
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In Hinduism
Vyakarana (Sanskrit grammar)
Kai (कै).—Kṛt affix ऐ (ai) used in Vedic Literature as noticed in the forms प्रयै रोहिष्यै (prayai rohiṣyai) and अव्यथिष्यैः (avyathiṣyaiḥ) cf. P.III.4.10.
Vyakarana (व्याकरण, vyākaraṇa) refers to Sanskrit grammar and represents one of the six additional sciences (vedanga) to be studied along with the Vedas. Vyakarana concerns itself with the rules of Sanskrit grammar and linguistic analysis in order to establish the correct context of words and sentences.
In Buddhism
Chinese Buddhism
1) 開 [kai]—To open, begin, institute, unfold, disclose; dismiss; write out; unloose; to heat, boil.
2) 鎧 [kai]—Armour, mail. 鎧甲 [kai jia].
1) 鎧 t = 铠 s = kǎi p refers to [noun] “armor; saṃnāha”; Domain: Buddhism 佛教 [fu jiao]; Notes: Sanskrit equivalent: saṃnāha, Japanese: gai, or: kai, Tibetan: go cha (BCSD '鎧 [kai]', p. 1192; Mahāvyutpatti 'varmasaṃnāhaḥ'; MW 'saṃnāha'; SH '鎧 [kai]', p. 469; Unihan '鎧 [kai]').
2) 揩 ts = kāi p refers to [verb] “udvartana; rubbing and cleansing the body”; Domain: Buddhism 佛教 [fu jiao]; Notes: Sanskrit equivalent: udvartana, Japanese: kai, or: katsu (BCSD '揩 [kai]', p. 555; MW 'udvartana'; Unihan '揩 [kai]')..
3) 開 t = 开 s = kāi p refers to [verb] “open”; Domain: Buddhism 佛教 [fu jiao]; Notes: Sanskrit equivalent: pariphulla, or: bheda, Japanese: kai (BCSD '開 [kai]', p. 1197; DJBT '靈 [ling]', p. 429; MW 'pariphulla')..
Chinese Buddhism (漢傳佛教, hanchuan fojiao) is the form of Buddhism that developed in China, blending Mahayana teachings with Daoist and Confucian thought. Its texts are mainly in Classical Chinese, based on translations from Sanskrit. Major schools include Chan (Zen), Pure Land, Tiantai, and Huayan. Chinese Buddhism has greatly influenced East Asian religion and culture.
India history and geography
Kai.—(IE 8-6), Dravidian; same as hasta, ‘cubit’; a unit of measurement. Note: kai is defined in the “Indian epigraphical glossary” as it can be found on ancient inscriptions commonly written in Sanskrit, Prakrit or Dravidian languages.
The history of India traces the identification of countries, villages, towns and other regions of India, as well as mythology, zoology, royal dynasties, rulers, tribes, local festivities and traditions and regional languages. Ancient India enjoyed religious freedom and encourages the path of Dharma, a concept common to Buddhism, Hinduism, and Jainism.
Biology (plants and animals)
1) Kai in India is the name of a plant defined with Vigna radiata in various botanical sources. This page contains potential references in Ayurveda, modern medicine, and other folk traditions or local practices.
2) Kai is also identified with Eclipta prostrata It has the synonym Galinsoga oblonga DC. (etc.).
3) Kai in Nigeria is also identified with Zea mays It has the synonym Zea glumacea Larrañaga (etc.).
4) Kai in Papua New Guinea is also identified with Codiaeum variegatum It has the synonym Croton variegatus Blanco (etc.).
Example references for further research on medicinal uses or toxicity (see latin names for full list):
· Flora Indica (1832)
· Madroño (1978)
· FBI (1897)
· Flora Aegyptiaco-Arabica (1775)
· Species Plantarum (1753)
· Linnaea (1864)
If you are looking for specific details regarding Kai, for example side effects, extract dosage, diet and recipes, health benefits, pregnancy safety, chemical composition, have a look at these references.
This sections includes definitions from the five kingdoms of living things: Animals, Plants, Fungi, Protists and Monera. It will include both the official binomial nomenclature (scientific names usually in Latin) as well as regional spellings and variants.
Languages of India and abroad
Marathi-English dictionary
kaī (कई).—ad (Poetry.) When? Ex. tukā mhaṇē pāīṃ kaī ṭhēvīna mī ḍōī. 2 (Poetry.) Where? Ex. prabhu tumhī sukhāmṛtācē ḍōhō || mhaṇōni āmhī āpuliyā svēcchāvō || ēthēṃ hi salagī karū bihō (i.e. bhiyuṃ) || tari nivō kaī pāṃ ||
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kāī (काई).—pron (Poetry. For kāya) What?
kaī (कई).—ad When? Where?
Marathi is an Indo-European language having over 70 million native speakers people in (predominantly) Maharashtra India. Marathi, like many other Indo-Aryan languages, evolved from early forms of Prakrit, which itself is a subset of Sanskrit, one of the most ancient languages of the world.
Sanskrit dictionary
Kai (कै).—1 P. (kāyati) To sound.
Kai (कै).—i. 1, [Parasmaipada.] To sound (ved.).
Kai (कै):—[class] 1. [Parasmaipada] kāyati, to sound, [Dhātupāṭha xxii, 19.]
Sanskrit, also spelled संस्कृतम् (saṃskṛtam), is an ancient language of India commonly seen as the grandmother of the Indo-European language family (even English!). Closely allied with Prakrit and Pali, Sanskrit is more exhaustive in both grammar and terms and has the most extensive collection of literature in the world, greatly surpassing its sister-languages Greek and Latin.
Hindi dictionary
1) Kāī (काई):—(nf) moss; algae; —[chuḍānā] to rub out the moss, filth, etc; —[sī phaṭanā] to be scattered, to go helter-skelter.
2) Kai (कै):—(nf) vomit, vomitting; —[karanā] to vomit.
3) (pro.) colloquial variant of [kitane] (see).
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Prakrit-English dictionary
1) Kai (कै) in the Prakrit language is related to the Sanskrit word: Kati.
2) Kai (कै) also relates to the Sanskrit word: Kṛtin.
3) Kai (कै) also relates to the Sanskrit word: Kvacit.
4) Kai (कै) also relates to the Sanskrit word: Kadā.
5) Kai (कै) also relates to the Sanskrit word: Kapi.
6) Kāī (काई) also relates to the Sanskrit word: Kākī.
Prakrit is an ancient language closely associated with both Pali and Sanskrit. Jain literature is often composed in this language or sub-dialects, such as the Agamas and their commentaries which are written in Ardhamagadhi and Maharashtri Prakrit. The earliest extant texts can be dated to as early as the 4th century BCE although core portions might be older.
Kannada-English dictionary
Kai (ಕೈ):—
1) [verb] to do, perform (an action etc.) to carry out; to fulfil.
2) [verb] to cultivate a) to prepare and use (soil or land) for growing crops; to till; b) to break up the surface soil around (plants) in order to destroy weeds, prevent crusting, and preserve moisture; c) to grow (plants or crops) from seeds, bulbs, shoots, etc.
3) [verb] ಕೈಯಾನು [kaiyanu] kaiyānu = ಕೈಯ್ಯಾನು [kaiyyanu].
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Kai (ಕೈ):—
1) [noun] the part of the human body attached to the end of the forearm, including the wrist, palm, fingers, and thumb; the hand.
2) [noun] a long, flexible snout or proboscis, as of an elephant.
3) [noun] any of the slender pointer, usu. turning on a pivot, as in a compass, clock, speedometer or other gauge; a needle.
4) [noun] an instrument, usu. of metal, for moving the bolt of a lock and thus locking or unlocking something; a key.
5) [noun] any woody extension growing from the trunk or main stem or from a main limb, of a tree or shrub; a branch.
6) [noun] something intermediate through which something is done, passed, conveyed, etc.
7) [noun] that which can be easily or conveniently used.
8) [noun] the act or an instance of helping; a help; assistance; aid.
9) [noun] any of the thin lines or beams, of light that appear to come from a bright source; a ray.
10) [noun] a rough linear measure, approx. equal to the length from the tip of the middle finger of one hand to the tip of the middle finger of another when stretched apart.
11) [noun] quality or character which enables a person to face danger with boldness or fortitude; courage, bravery; valour.
12) [noun] 'ಕೈಕಟ್ಟಿ ಕೂರು [kaikatti kuru] kai kaṭṭi kūru to do nothing; to spend time without working, earning or extending help (to another); ಕೈಕಟ್ಟಿರು [kaikattiru] kai kaṭṭiru (one''s ability or opportunity to act) to be not restricted or denied; ಕೈಕಟ್ಟಿ ಹಾಕು [kaikatti haku] kai kaṭṭi hāku to make one unable to act as he or she would wish; to tie one''s hands; ಕೈ ಕಡಿಯುತ್ತಿರು [kai kadiyuttiru] kai kaḍiyuttiru to have a restless desire to spend one''s money ಕೈ ಕೆರೆಯುತ್ತಿರು [kai kereyuttiru] kai kereyuttiru = ಕೈ ಕಡಿಯುತ್ತಿರು [kai kadiyuttiru]; ಕೈ ಕೆಸರಾಗು [kai kesaragu] kai kesarāgu (fig.) to work hard; ಕೈ ಕೆಸರಾದರೆ ಬಾಯಿ ಮೊಸರು [kai kesaradare bayi mosaru] kai kesarādare bāyi mosaru (prov.) hard work gives sweet fruits; If you don''t crack the shell,you can''t eat the nut; no pains, no gains; ಕೈಕೆಳಗೆ [kaikelage] kai keḷage (see under ಕೈಕೆಳಗು [kaikelagu] ); ಕೈ ಕೈ ಮಿಲಾಯಿಸು [kai kai milayisu] kai kai milāyisu (a physical fight) to take place or happen; 2. to exchange blows with; ಕೈ ಕೈ ಹಿಸುಕಿಕೊ [kai kai hisukiko] kai kai hisukiko to regret; to feel sorry helplessly; ಕೈ ಕೊಡು [kai kodu] kai koḍu to stretch one''s hand to hold another''s as a help or in welcoming with a greeting, etc.; 2. to help; to extend one''s assistance to another; 3. (fig.) to cheat; to deceive; to breach trust; 4. (said of machinery, vehicle, etc.) to break or cease to function; ಕೈಗಣ್ಮು [kaiganmu] kaigaṇmu to go beyond one''s reach, control or authority; 2. to happen; to occur; ಕೈ ಗಿಡ್ಡಮಾಡು [kai giddamadu] kai giḍḍmāḍu (fig.) to decrease or cause to lose, another''s strength, authority or power; 2. (fig.) to spend money sparingly and carefully; ಕೈಗೆ ಕೈ ಹತ್ತು [kaige kai hattu] kaige kai hattu = ಕೈ ಕೈ ಮಿಲಾಯಿಸು [kai kai milayisu]; ಕೈಗೆತ್ತಿಕೊ [kaigettiko] kaigettiko to start workin on; to commence; to take up; ಕೈಗೆ ಬರು [kaige baru] kaige baru to come into one''s hand; to be physically available with; to be available; 2. (one''s child) to come of age; to become able to earn; ಕೈಗೆ ಬಂದದ್ದು ಬಾಯಿಗೆ ಬರಲಿಲ್ಲ [kaige bamdaddu bayige baralilla] kaige bandaddu bāyige baralilla many a slip between the cup and the lip; ಕೈಗೆ ಬಾಯಿಗೆ ನೇರ [kaige bayige nera] kaige bāyige nēra a condition in which having nothing to spare beyond basic necessities; a hand–to–mouth existence; ಕೈಗೆ ಮಾಡು [kaige madu] kaige māḍu to take into one''s hands; to take over (the possession); to conquer; 2. to hand over; to pass the possession to another; ಕೈಗೆ ಹತ್ತದಿರು [kaige hattadiru] kaige hattadiru (said of income) to be meagre or insufficient to spare beyond basic necessities; ಕೈ ಚಲ್ಲು [kai callu] kai callu = ಕೈ ಚೆಲ್ಲು [kai cellu]; ಕೈ ಚೆಲ್ಲು [kai cellu] kai cellu to stretch one''s hand (as a gesture); 2. to abandon one''s plan, course of action, etc.(usu. helplessly or in apathy); to throw in one''s hand; ಕೈ ಚಾಚು [kai cacu] kai cācu to stretch one''s hand; 2. (fig.) to beg for; to implore for a favour; ಕೈ ಜಾರು [kai jaru] kai jāru to slip down from one''s hand; 2. (an opportunity, chance) to be missed; ಕೈಜೋಡಿಸು [kaijodisu] kai jōḍisu to join together with another to do something; to help, associate oneself with, another; 2. to be in intimate association or close agreement or cooperation (in carrying out something); to have a hand in glove; ಕೈ ತುಂಬ [kai tumba] kai tumba (giving, donating, helping, etc.) plentifully; as much as possible; sufficiently; ಕೈ ತುಂಬ ಕೆಲಸ [kai tumba kelasa] kai tumba kelasa a good deal of work; ಕೈ ತುಂಬ ಕೆಲಸವಿರು [kai tumba kelasaviru] kai tumba kelasaviru to be very busy; to have lot of work to do; ಕೈ ತುಂಬ ಬರು [kai tumba baru] kai tumba baru (salary, income etc.) to be available (regularly) handsomely; ಕೈ ತುಂಬ ಸಂಪಾದಿಸು [kai tumba sampadisu] kai tumba sampādisu to earn a handsome salary; to get large income (usu. regularly); ಕೈ ತೊಳೆದುಕೊ [kai toleduko] kai toḷeduko to refuse to go on with or take responsibility for; to wash one''s hands of; ಕೈ ತೋರಿಸಿ ಅವಲಕ್ಷಣ ಅನ್ನಿಸಿಕೊ [kai torisi avalakshana annisiko] kai tōrisi avalakṣaṇa annisiko (prov.) to invite bad comments or troubles unnecessarily; to scheme for one''s own disgrace; ಕೈ ದೊಡ್ಡದು ಮಾಡು [kai doddadu madu] kai doḍḍadu māḍu to give, spend, donate, etc. liberally; ಕೈ ನಾಲ್ಕಾಗು [kai nalkagu] kai nālkāgu to be married; to marry; ಕೈ ಬದಲಾಯಿಸು [kai badalayisu] kai badalāyisu to pass into different ownership; to change hands; ಕೈ ಬರಿದಾಗು [kai baridagu] kai baridāgu to become penniless; ಕೈ ಬರು [kai baru] kai baru (used negatively) (one''s hand, tendency) to be ready to give; ಕೈ ಬಿಚ್ಚು [kai biccu] kai biccu (fig.) to spend money liberally; ಕೈ ಬೆಚ್ಚಗೆ ಮಾಡು [kai beccage madu] kai beccage māḍu to offer or give a bribe to; to oil one''s palms; ಕೈ ಮೇಲಾಗು [kai melagu] kai mēlāgu (one''s strength, power, influence, in a combat, competition, etc.) to excel (another''s); ಕೈಮೇಲೆ ಕೊಡು [kaimele kodu] kai mēle koḍu to give money in cash immediately; 2. to give money in addition to the right cost or as a bribe; ಕೈಯಲ್ಲಾಗದವನು ಮೈ ಪರಚಿಕೊಂಡ [kaiyallagadavanu mai paracikomda] kaiyallāgadavanu mai paracikoṇḍa inefficient person gets irritated at his failure; ಕೈಯಲ್ಲಾಗು [kaiyallagu] kaiyalllāgu to be possible (to be done, accomplished, fulfilled, etc.); ಕೈಯಲ್ಲಾದುದನ್ನೆಲ್ಲಾ ಮಾಡು [kaiyalladudannella madu] kaiyallādudannellā māḍu to try as hard as possible; to strain every nerve; ಕೈಯಲ್ಲಿ ಇಟ್ಟುಕೊಂಡಿರು [kaiyalli ittukomdiru] kaiyalliṭṭukoṇḍiru (fig.) (by greasing the palms) to have a person in power who would favour (one); to have person at one''s beck; ಕೈಯಲ್ಲಿ ಬೆಣ್ಣೆ ಇಟ್ಟುಕೊಂಡು ತುಪ್ಪಕ್ಕೆ ಅಳು [kaiyalli benne ittukomdu tuppakke alu] kaiyalli beṇṇe iṭṭukoṇḍu tuppakke aḷu (prov.) why grumble for a thing which you can easily make with available the resources and means; ಕೈಯಲ್ಲಿರು [kaiyalliru] kaiyalliru (fig.)to be readily available for use when needed; to be at hand; 2. (fig.) (persons in power) to be under the influence of; 3. to be within one''s power, capacity (to do); ಕೈಯಲ್ಲಿ ಹರಿ [kaiyalli hari] kaiyalli hari (usu. used interrogatively or negatively) to be possible (for a person); ಕೈಯಿಕ್ಕು [kaiyikku] kaiyikku = ಕೈಯಿಡು [kaiyidu]; ಕೈಯಿಗೂ ಬಾಯಿಗೂ ಜಗಳ [kaiyigu bayigu jagala] kaiyigū bāyigū jagaḷa (a playful term) engagement of both hand and mouth (i.e. being engaged in eating); ಕೈಯಿಡು [kaiyidu] kaiyiḍu to attempt; to try to do; to lay one''s hands on; ಕೈಯಿರು [kaiyiru] kaiyiru (one''s role, influence, etc.) to be in making a thing happen (esp. a bad one); ಕೈಯೆತ್ತಿ ಕೊಡು [kaiyetti kodu] kaiyetti koḍu to give, donate liberally or wholeheartedly; ಕೈಯೆತ್ತು [kaiyettu] kaiyettu to give a blow; to assault; 2. (fig.) to express one''s agreement with, support to another; to support another''s opinion in a meeting: 3. to give up in despair; to show one''s inability in helping another; to throw up one''s hands; ಕೈಯೊಳಗೆ ಇರು [kaiyolage iru] kaiyoḷage iru to be in one''s hand; to be in (one''s) possession; 2. to be under one''s authority or influence; ಕೈಯ್ಯಾನು [kaiyyanu] kaiyyānu (rightly,ಕೈಯಾನು [kaiyanu]) to stretch one''s hand in supplication; to beg (as for alms); ಕೈ ಸಡಿಲು ಬಿಡು [kai sadilu bidu] kai saḍilu biḍu to be liberal (in giving, donating, spending money, etc.); ಕೈ ಸುಟ್ಟುಕೊ [kai suttuko] kai suṭṭuko (fig.) to suffer a loss in a venture or undertaking; to burn one''s fingures; ಕೈ ಹಾಕು [kai haku] kai hāku to undertake; to endeavour; to try; 2. to interefere; to meddle (in another''s work); ಕೈ ಹಿಡಿ [kai hidi] kai hiḍi to take (a person of other sex) in marriage; to marry; 2. to give a helping hand; to help; ಕೈ ಹಿಡಿದು ನಡೆಸು [kai hididu nadesu] kai hiḍidu naḍesu to care, help or assist in shaping another''s life; to lead by the hand; ಅವರ ಕೈ, ಅವರ ಬಾಯಿ [avara kai, avara bayi] avara kai, avara bayi (coll.) absolute freedom in working or managing; ಎತ್ತಿದ ಕೈ [ettida kai] ettida kai an able, skilled, talented person; ಎರಡು ಕೈ ಸೇರಿದರೆ ಚಪ್ಪಾಳೆ [eradu kai seridare cappale] eraḍu kai sēridare cappāḷe (prov.) you cannot clap with a single hand; it takes two to make a quarrel; ಒಂದು ಕೈ ತೋರಿಸು [omdu kai torisu] ondu kai tōrisu to use one''s physical strength (as in fighting, combat, etc.); ಒಂದು ಕೈ ನೋಡಿಕೊ [omdu kai nodiko] ondu kai nōḍiko (said to one''s oppponent that one is ready) to show one''s strength; to use force; ಒಂದು ಕೈ ನೋಡು [omdu kai nodu] ondu kai nōḍu to try (one''s luck at something); to take a chance; 2. (coll.) to show one''s strength (in fighting); ಕಾಣದ ಕೈ [kanada kai] kāṇada kai (fig.) a person causing or helping from behind something to happen (without being seen by others); ಬರಿಯ ಕೈಯಲ್ಲಿ ಮೊಳ ಹಾಕಬೇಡ [bariya kaiyalli mola hakabeda] bariya kaiyalli moḷa hākabēḍa (prov.) unless you are practical, do not endeavour; count not four, except you have them in a wallet; ಬಲಗೈ ಕಡಿಯುತ್ತಿರು [balagai kadiyuttiru] balagai kaḍiyuttiru to feel that some money is coming to one''s pocket.'
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Kai (ಕೈ):—
1) [noun] the act of beautifying or enhancing the beauty by adorning with ornaments, etc.
2) [noun] ಕೈ ಹಿಡಿದೆತ್ತು [kai hididettu] kai hiḍidettu (fig.) to pull out a person from a difficult condition; to help; ಕೈ ಹೆಂಚು [kai hemcu] kai hencu a traditional 'U'-type roof tile.
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Kai (ಕೈ):—
1) [noun] a piece of cleared land, set off or enclosed, for raising crops; an agricultural land.
2) [noun] any agricultural crop grown; cultivated plants, as a whole.
Kannada is a Dravidian language (as opposed to the Indo-European language family) mainly spoken in the southwestern region of India.
Tamil dictionary
Kai (கை) . Compound of க் [k] and ஐ. [ai.]
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Kai (கை) [kaittal] 11 verb [Kanarese, Malayalam: kai.] intransitive
1. To be bitter, astringent, unpleasant; கசத்தல். தேனும் புளித்தறக் கைத்ததுவே [kasathal. thenum pulitharag kaithathuve] (கந்தரலங். [kantharalang.] 6).
2. To be deeply afflicted; நைந்துவருந்துதல். கைத்தன ளுள்ளம் [nainthuvarunthuthal. kaithana lullam] (கம்பராமாயணம் மாயாசன. [kambaramayanam mayasana.] 30). — transitive
1. To dislike; to be angry with; to hate; கோபித்தல். மருவல ரைக் கைக்கும் [kopithal. maruvala raig kaikkum] (தஞ்சைவாணன் கோவை [thanchaivanan kovai] 423).
2. To vex, trouble, harass, torment; அலைத்தல். [alaithal.] (W.)
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Kai (கை) [kaittal] 11 transitive verb cf. உகை-. [ugai-.]
1. To produce, as a sound; to propel, shoot, as an arrow; செலுத்துதல். சிலம்பிரங்கு மின்குரல் கைத் தெடுத்தலின் [seluthuthal. silambirangu minkural kaith theduthalin] (சீவகசிந்தாமணி [sivagasindamani] 2683).
2. To feed with the hand; ஊட்டுதல். காழோர் கடுங்களிறு கவளங் கைப்ப [uttuthal. kazhor kadungaliru kavalang kaippa] (பத்துப்பாட்டு: மதுரைக்காஞ்சி [pathuppattu: mathuraikkanchi] 659).
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Kai (கை) [kaittal] 11 transitive verb < கை⁵. [kai⁵.] cf. தை-. [thai-.] To adorn, decorate; அலங்கரித்தல். மடமொழியோ ருங் கைஇ மெல்லிதி னொதுங்கி [alangarithal. madamozhiyo rung kaii mellithi nothungi] (பத்துப்பாட்டு: மதுரைக்காஞ்சி [pathuppattu: mathuraikkanchi] 419).
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Kai (கை) noun [Telugu: Kanarese, Malayalam: Travancore usage kai.]
1. Hand, arm; கரம். அகமென் கிளவிக்குக் கைமுன் வரினே [karam. agamen kilavikkug kaimun varine] (தொல். எழுத். [thol. ezhuth.] 315).
2. Elephant's trunk; யானைத் துதிக்கை. தூங்குகையா னோங்கு நடைய [yanaith thuthikkai. thungugaiya nongu nadaiya] (புறநானூறு [purananuru] 22).
3. Ray, as of the sun; கிரணம். செங்கைநீட்டித் தினகரன் றோன்றலும் [kiranam. sengainittith thinagaran ronralum] (திருவிளையாடற் புராணம் விடை. [thiruvilaiyadar puranam vidai.] 20).
4. Group, set, as in counting bricks, dry dung-cakes; செங்கல் முதலியவற்றை எண்ணும் ஓரளவு. [sengal muthaliyavarrai ennum oralavu.] Colloq.
5. Hand-pose in dancing; அபிநயக்கை. [apinayakkai.] (சிலப்பதிகாரம் அரும்பதவுரை [silappathigaram arumbathavurai] 3, 18, உரை. [urai.])
6. Side, right or left; பக்கம். இருகையு மிரைத்து மொய்த்தார் [pakkam. irugaiyu miraithu moythar] (கம்பராமாயணம் கைகேசி. [kambaramayanam kaigesi.] 83).
7. Faction, party; கட்சி. எதிர்க்கையில் சேர்ந்திருப்பவர் யார் [kadsi. ethirkkaiyil sernthiruppavar yar]?
8. Rafter; கைமரம். கால் தொடுத் திருகையேற்றி [kaimaram. kal thoduth thirugaiyerri] (தேவாரம் [thevaram] 838, 4).
9. Semaphore; ரயிலின் கைகாட்டி. [rayilin kaigatti.] Colloq.
10. Sleeve of a garment; சட்டையின் கை. [sattaiyin kai.] Colloq.
11. Handle, as of an axe; கைப்பிடி. நெடுங்கை நவியம் பாய்தலின் [kaippidi. nedungai naviyam paythalin] (புறநானூறு [purananuru] 36, 7).
12. Handle, as of a fan; விசிறிக்காம்பு. மணிக்கை யாலவட்டம் [visirikkambu. manikkai yalavattam] (பெருங்கதை உஞ்சைக். [perungathai unchaig.] 34, 217).
13. Wing of a bird; சிறகு. கோழி கைத்தலத்தைக் கொட்டி [siragu. kozhi kaithalathaig kotti] (அரிச்சந்திர புராணம் விவா. [arichandira puranam viva.] 195).
14. Wing of an army; படையுறுப்பு. (பிங்கலகண்டு) [padaiyuruppu. (pingalagandu)]
15. Army; சேனை. கைவகுத்து [senai. kaivaguthu] (தணிகைப்புராணம் சீதிருக்குறள் [thanigaippuranam sipari.] 467).
16. Place; இடம். (சூடாமணிநிகண்டு) [idam. (sudamaninigandu)]
17. Money on hand; கைப்பொருள். அவரன்பும் கையற்ற கண்ணே யறும் [kaipporul. avaranpum kaiyarra kanne yarum] (நாலடியார் [naladiyar], 371).
18. That which is fit to be done; செய்யத்தக்கது. கையறியாமை யுடைத்தே [seyyathakkathu. kaiyariyamai yudaithe] (திருக்குறள் [thirukkural], 925).
19. Decoration, dressing; ஒப்பனை. (பிங்கலகண்டு) [oppanai. (pingalagandu)]
20. Strength, ability; ஆற்றல். ஆரிடம் உன்கை யைக் காட்டுகிறாய். [arral. aridam unkai yaig kattugiray.]
21. Handful; கையளவு. [kaiyalavu.] Local usage
22. Hands, workmen, assistants; ஆள். எத்தனை கை வேலை செய்தன [al. ethanai kai velai seythana]?.
23. Littleness, smallness; சிறுமை. கைஞ்ஞானங் கொண்டொழுகுங் காரறிவாளர் [sirumai. kaijnanang kondozhugung kararivalar] (நாலடியார் [naladiyar], 311).
24. Custom, usage, way of the world; உலகவொழுக்கம். கையொன்றறிகல்லாய் [ulagavozhukkam. kaiyonrarigallay] (கலித்தொகை [kalithogai] 95).
25. Row, line; ஒழுங்கு. கையமை விளக்கம் [ozhungu. kaiyamai vilakkam] (பத்துப்பாட்டு: முல்லைப்பாட்டு [pathuppattu: mullaippattu] 49).
26. Younger sister; தங்கை. (பிங்கலகண்டு) [thangai. (pingalagandu)]
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Kai (கை) particle
1. Suffix at the end of verbal nouns as செய்கை; தொழிற்பெயர் விகுதி. [seykai; thozhirpeyar viguthi.]
2. Auxiliary prefix to verbs, as in கையிகந்து. ஓர் தமிழுபசருக்கம். [kaiyiganthu. or thamizhupasarukkam.]
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Kai (கை) particle (Grammar) A locative ending; ஏழனுருபுள் ஒன்று. செவிலிகை யென் புதல்வனை நோக்கி [ezhanurupul onru. seviligai yen puthalvanai nokki] (அகநா. [agana.] 26, 18).
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Kai (கை) noun Fault, blemish; குற்றம். (அகராதி நிகண்டு) [kurram. (agarathi nigandu)]
Tamil is an ancient language of India from the Dravidian family spoken by roughly 250 million people mainly in southern India and Sri Lanka.
Chinese-English dictionary
[The following represents an unverified English translation. For all purposes consult the original Chinese text.]
欬 [kài] [kai]—
the pronunciation of (一 [yi]) (yī)
欬：(一)之語音。
kài:(yī) zhī yǔ yīn.
kai:(yi) zhi yu yin.
[The following represents an unverified English translation. For all purposes consult the original Chinese text.]
揩 [kāi] [kai]—
[Verb]
1. To rub, to wipe. For example: "汗 [han]" (to wipe sweat), "桌椅 [zhuo yi]" (to wipe tables and chairs). From "五燈會元 [wu deng hui yuan]" (Wǔdēng Huìyuán), Volume 12, "興化仁岳禪師 [xing hua ren yue chan shi]" (Xīnghuà Rényuè Chánshī): "癩馬枯柳 [lai ma ku liu]" (A mangy horse rubs against a withered willow).
2. To fish for, to extract or exploit. For example: "油 [you]" (kāiyóu), which means to take advantage of, or to freeload.
揩：[動]
1.擦、抹。如：「揩汗」、「揩桌椅」。《五燈會元．卷一二．興化仁岳禪師》：「癩馬揩枯柳。」
2.撈取、榨取。如：「揩油」。
kāi:[dòng]
1. cā,, mǒ. rú: “kāi hàn” ,, “kāi zhuō yǐ” . < wǔ dēng huì yuán． juǎn yī èr． xìng huà rén yuè chán shī>: “lài mǎ kāi kū liǔ.”
2. lāo qǔ,, zhà qǔ. rú: “kāi yóu” .
kai:[dong]
1. ca,, mo. ru: "kai han" ,, "kai zhuo yi" . < wu deng hui yuan. juan yi er. xing hua ren yue chan shi>: "lai ma kai ku liu."
2. lao qu,, zha qu. ru: "kai you" .
[The following represents an unverified English translation. For all purposes consult the original Chinese text.]
開 [kāi] [kai]—
[動 [dong]]
1. To open, to unseal. 《說文解字 [shuo wen jie zi]．門部 [men bu]》 (Shuowen Jiezi, Gate Radical Section) states: 「」 (kāi) means 「張 [zhang]」 (zhāng) (to open). Examples: 「門 [men]」 (kāimén) (to open a door), 「口 [kou]」 (kāikǒu) (to open one's mouth), 「箱 [xiang]」 (kāixiāng) (to open a box). Tang Dynasty poet 孟浩然 [meng hao ran] (Mèng Hàorán)'s poem 〈過故人莊 [guo gu ren zhuang]〉 (Guò Gùrén Zhuāng) (Passing by an Old Friend's Farm): 「軒面場圃 [xuan mian chang pu]，把酒話桑麻 [ba jiu hua sang ma]。」 (kāixuān miàn chángpǔ, bǎjiǔ huà sāngmá) (Opening the window facing the fields, we drank wine and talked about farming).
2. To spread out, to bloom. Examples: 「顏 [yan]」 (kāiyán) (to brighten one's face, to smile), 「懷 [huai]」 (kāihuái) (to feel relieved, to open one's heart), 「花 [hua]」 (kāihuā) (to blossom), 「花朵盛 [hua duo sheng]」 (huāduǒ shèngkāi) (flowers in full bloom). 《莊子 [zhuang zi]．齊物論 [qi wu lun]》 (Zhuāngzi, On the Equality of Things): 「其寐也魂交 [qi mei ye hun jiao]，其覺也形 [qi jue ye xing]。」 (qí mèi yě hún jiāo, qí jué yě xíng kāi) (When one sleeps, the soul interacts; when one awakens, the form opens).
3. To start, to set off, to drive. Examples: 「車 [che]」 (kāichē) (to drive a car), 「船 [chuan]」 (kāichuán) (to sail a boat). Tang Dynasty poet 杜甫 [du fu] (Dù Fǔ)'s poem 〈登白馬潭 [deng bai ma tan]〉 (Dēng Báimǎ Tán) (Ascending White Horse Pool): 「水生春纜沒 [shui sheng chun lan mei]，日出野船 [ri chu ye chuan]。」 (shuǐ shēng chūn lǎn mò, rì chū yě chuán kāi) (Water rises, the spring cable disappears; the sun rises, the wild boat sets off).
4. To fire, to shoot. Examples: 「槍 [qiang]」 (kāiqiāng) (to fire a gun), 「砲 [pao]」 (kāipào) (to fire a cannon).
5. To excavate, to expand. Examples: 「礦 [kuang]」 (kāikuàng) (to mine), 「荒 [huang]」 (kāihuāng) (to open up wasteland), 「源節流 [yuan jie liu]」 (kāiyuán jiéliú) (to broaden sources of income and reduce expenditure), 「疆闢土 [jiang pi tu]」 (kāijiāng pìtǔ) (to expand territory). 《韓非子 [han fei zi]．初見秦 [chu jian qin]》 (Hán Fēizi, First Audience with Qin): 「地數千里 [de shu qian li]，此其大功也 [ci qi da gong ye]。」 (kāidì shùqiānlǐ, cǐ qí dàgōng yě) (To open up thousands of miles of land, this is a great achievement).
6. To guide, to enlighten. Example: 「導 [dao]」 (kāidǎo) (to enlighten, to advise). 《禮記 [li ji]．學記 [xue ji]》 (Lǐjì, Xuéjì) (Book of Rites, Record of Learning): 「故君子之教喻也 [gu jun zi zhi jiao yu ye]，道而弗牽 [dao er fu qian]，強而弗抑 [qiang er fu yi]，而弗達 [er fu da]。」 (gù jūnzǐ zhī jiàoyù yě, dào ér fú qiān, qiáng ér fú yì, kāi ér fú dá) (Therefore, the teaching of a gentleman is to guide without pulling, to strengthen without suppressing, to enlighten without fully revealing).
7. To establish, to set up. Examples: 「店 [dian]」 (kāidiàn) (to open a shop), 「工廠 [gong chang]」 (kāigōngchǎng) (to open a factory), 「別生面 [bie sheng mian]」 (biékāishēngmiàn) (to create a new style, to break new ground). 《易經 [yi jing]．師卦 [shi gua]．上六 [shang liu]》 (Yìjīng, Shī Guà, Shàngliù) (I Ching, Shi Hexagram, Top Six): 「大君有命 [da jun you ming]，國承家 [guo cheng jia]，小人勿用 [xiao ren wu yong]。」 (dàjūn yǒumìng, kāiguó chéngjiā, xiǎorén wùyòng) (The great ruler has a command, to establish a state and inherit a family; small people should not be employed). 《鏡花緣 [jing hua yuan]》 (Jìnghuāyuán) (Flowers in the Mirror) Chapter 52: 「如今天朝雖女科 [ru jin tian chao sui nu ke]，無如遠隔重洋 [wu ru yuan ge zhong yang]，何能前去 [he neng qian qu]？」 (rújīn tiāncháo suī kāi nǚkē, wúrú yuǎngé chóngyáng, hénéng qiánqù?) (Although the Heavenly Dynasty now has a female imperial examination, it is across distant oceans, how can one go there?).
8. To begin a certain action or activity. Examples: 「學 [xue]」 (kāixué) (to start school), 「工 [gong]」 (kāigōng) (to start work), 「飯 [fan]」 (kāifàn) (to start eating, to serve a meal).
9. To hold (a meeting). Example: 「會 [hui]」 (kāihuì) (to hold a meeting).
10. To exempt, to cancel. Examples: 「戒 [jie]」 (kāijiè) (to break a taboo/precept), 「禁 [jin]」 (kāijìn) (to lift a ban), 「除 [chu]」 (kāichú) (to expel, to dismiss). 《書經 [shu jing]．多方 [duo fang]》 (Shūjīng, Duōfāng) (Book of Documents, Many Regions): 「釋無辜 [shi wu gu]，亦克用勸 [yi ke yong quan]。」 (kāishì wúgū, yì kè yòng quàn) (To release the innocent can also serve as an encouragement).
11. To list, to itemize. Examples: 「藥方 [yao fang]」 (kāiyàofāng) (to prescribe medicine), 「發票 [fa piao]」 (kāifāpiào) (to issue an invoice), 「書單 [shu dan]」 (kāishūdān) (to make a book list).
12. To announce (results). Examples: 「獎 [jiang]」 (kāijiǎng) (to draw a lottery, to announce lottery results), 「標 [biao]」 (kāibiāo) (to open bids).
13. To separate. Example: 「離 [li]」 (líkāi) (to leave, to depart). Three Kingdoms Wei Dynasty poet 阮籍 [ruan ji] (Ruǎn Jí)'s poem 〈大人先生歌 [da ren xian sheng ge]〉 (Dàrén Xiānshēng Gē) (Song of the Great Man): 「天地解兮六合 [tian de jie xi liu he]，星辰隕兮日月頹 [xing chen yun xi ri yue tui]。」 (tiāndì jiě xī liùhé kāi, xīngchén yǔn xī rìyuè tuí) (Heaven and earth dissolve, the universe opens; stars fall, sun and moon decline).
14. To cut, to dissect. Examples: 「膛破肚 [tang po du]」 (kāitángpòdù) (to cut open the chest and belly), 「了一個西瓜 [le yi ge xi gua]」 (kāi le yī ge xīguā) (to cut open a watermelon).
15. To dissipate, to scatter. Example: 「雲霧散 [yun wu san]」 (yúnkāiwùsàn) (clouds scatter and fog dissipates). Tang Dynasty poet 杜甫 [du fu] (Dù Fǔ)'s poem 〈梅雨 [mei yu]〉 (Méiyǔ) (Plum Rain): 「茅茨疏易溼 [mao ci shu yi shi]，雲霧密難 [yun wu mi nan]。」 (máocí shū yì shī, yúnwù mì nánkāi) (Thatched roofs are sparse and easily wet; dense clouds and fog are hard to dissipate).
16. To pay, to expend. Examples: 「支 [zhi]」 (kāizhī) (expenditure, to pay expenses), 「銷 [xiao]」 (kāixiāo) (expenses, to pay out), 「工錢 [gong qian]」 (kāigōngqián) (to pay wages).
17. To boil. Example: 「水了 [shui le]」 (shuǐ kāi le) (the water is boiling).
[名 [ming]]
1. Measure word. A unit for calculating the size of paper. Cutting a large sheet of paper into a certain fraction is called 「」 (kāi). Examples: 「對 [dui]」 (duìkāi) (folio, half-sheet), 「四 [si]」 (sìkāi) (quarto, quarter-sheet), 「十六 [shi liu]」 (shíliùkāi) (sextodecimo, sixteenth-sheet).
2. A unit for the purity of gold. Twenty-four 「」 (kāi) is considered pure gold.
3. A surname. For example, during the Han Dynasty, there was 「章 [zhang]」 (Kāi Zhāng).
[副 [fu]]
Placed after a verb:
1. (1) Indicates clarity or open-mindedness. Examples: 「想 [xiang]」 (xiǎng kāi) (to think things through, to be open-minded about), 「看 [kan]」 (kàn kāi) (to take things lightly, to be philosophical about).
2. (2) Indicates expansion or spreading. Examples: 「傳 [chuan]」 (chuán kāi) (to spread, to circulate), 「散 [san]」 (sàn kāi) (to disperse, to scatter).
開：[動]
1.啟、張。《說文解字．門部》：「開，張也。」如：「開門」、「開口」、「開箱」。唐．孟浩然〈過故人莊〉詩：「開軒面場圃，把酒話桑麻。」
2.舒張、綻放。如：「開顏」、「開懷」、「開花」、「花朵盛開」。《莊子．齊物論》：「其寐也魂交，其覺也形開。」
3.發動、啟行、駕駛。如：「開車」、「開船」。唐．杜甫〈登白馬潭〉詩：「水生春纜沒，日出野船開。」
4.發射。如：「開槍」、「開砲」。
5.發掘、拓展。如：「開礦」、「開荒」、「開源節流」、「開疆闢土」。《韓非子．初見秦》：「開地數千里，此其大功也。」
6.引導、啟發。如：「開導」。《禮記．學記》：「故君子之教喻也，道而弗牽，強而弗抑，開而弗達。」
7.創辦、設立。如：「開店」、「開工廠」、「別開生面」。《易經．師卦．上六》：「大君有命，開國承家，小人勿用。」《鏡花緣》第五二回：「如今天朝雖開女科，無如遠隔重洋，何能前去？」
8.始做某種行為、動作。如：「開學」、「開工」、「開飯」。
9.舉行。如：「開會」。
10.免除、取消。如：「開戒」、「開禁」、「開除」。《書經．多方》：「開釋無辜，亦克用勸。」
11.條列、列敘。如：「開藥方」、「開發票」、「開書單」。
12.揭曉。如：「開獎」、「開標」。
13.分離。如：「離開」。三國魏．阮籍〈大人先生歌〉：「天地解兮六合開，星辰隕兮日月頹。」
14.割、剖。如：「開膛破肚」、「開了一個西瓜」。
15.消散。如：「雲開霧散」。唐．杜甫〈梅雨〉詩：「茅茨疏易溼，雲霧密難開。」
16.支付。如：「開支」、「開銷」、「開工錢」。
17.沸騰。如：「水開了」。
[名]
1.量詞。計算紙張大小尺寸的單位。切割一大張紙為若干分之一稱為「開」。如：「對開」、「四開」、「十六開」。
2.黃金的純度單位。以二十四開為純金。
3.姓。如漢代有開章。
[副]
放在動詞後：(1)表示通透、豁達。如：「想開」、「看開」。(2)表示擴張、擴大。如：「傳開」、「散開」。
kāi:[dòng]
1. qǐ,, zhāng. < shuō wén jiě zì． mén bù>: “kāi, zhāng yě.” rú: “kāi mén” ,, “kāi kǒu” ,, “kāi xiāng” . táng． mèng hào rán 〈guò gù rén zhuāng〉 shī: “kāi xuān miàn chǎng pǔ, bǎ jiǔ huà sāng má.”
2. shū zhāng,, zhàn fàng. rú: “kāi yán” ,, “kāi huái” ,, “kāi huā” ,, “huā duǒ shèng kāi” . < zhuāng zi． qí wù lùn>: “qí mèi yě hún jiāo, qí jué yě xíng kāi.”
3. fā dòng,, qǐ xíng,, jià shǐ. rú: “kāi chē” ,, “kāi chuán” . táng． dù fǔ 〈dēng bái mǎ tán〉 shī: “shuǐ shēng chūn lǎn méi, rì chū yě chuán kāi.”
4. fā shè. rú: “kāi qiāng” ,, “kāi pào” .
5. fā jué,, tà zhǎn. rú: “kāi kuàng” ,, “kāi huāng” ,, “kāi yuán jié liú” ,, “kāi jiāng pì tǔ” . < hán fēi zi． chū jiàn qín>: “kāi de shù qiān lǐ, cǐ qí dà gōng yě.”
6. yǐn dǎo,, qǐ fā. rú: “kāi dǎo” . < lǐ jì． xué jì>: “gù jūn zi zhī jiào yù yě, dào ér fú qiān, qiáng ér fú yì, kāi ér fú dá.”
7. chuàng bàn,, shè lì. rú: “kāi diàn” ,, “kāi gōng chǎng” ,, “bié kāi shēng miàn” . < yì jīng． shī guà． shàng liù>: “dà jūn yǒu mìng, kāi guó chéng jiā, xiǎo rén wù yòng.” < jìng huā yuán> dì wǔ èr huí: “rú jīn tiān cháo suī kāi nǚ kē, wú rú yuǎn gé zhòng yáng, hé néng qián qù?”
8. shǐ zuò mǒu zhǒng xíng wèi,, dòng zuò. rú: “kāi xué” ,, “kāi gōng” ,, “kāi fàn” .
9. jǔ xíng. rú: “kāi huì” .
10. miǎn chú,, qǔ xiāo. rú: “kāi jiè” ,, “kāi jìn” ,, “kāi chú” . < shū jīng． duō fāng>: “kāi shì wú gū, yì kè yòng quàn.”
11. tiáo liè,, liè xù. rú: “kāi yào fāng” ,, “kāi fā piào” ,, “kāi shū dān” .
12. jiē xiǎo. rú: “kāi jiǎng” ,, “kāi biāo” .
13. fēn lí. rú: “lí kāi” . sān guó wèi． ruǎn jí 〈dà rén xiān shēng gē〉: “tiān de jiě xī liù hé kāi, xīng chén yǔn xī rì yuè tuí.”
14. gē,, pōu. rú: “kāi táng pò dù” ,, “kāi le yī gè xī guā” .
15. xiāo sàn. rú: “yún kāi wù sàn” . táng． dù fǔ 〈méi yǔ〉 shī: “máo cí shū yì shī, yún wù mì nán kāi.”
16. zhī fù. rú: “kāi zhī” ,, “kāi xiāo” ,, “kāi gōng qián” .
17. fèi téng. rú: “shuǐ kāi le” .
[míng]
1. liàng cí. jì suàn zhǐ zhāng dà xiǎo chǐ cùn de dān wèi. qiè gē yī dà zhāng zhǐ wèi ruò gàn fēn zhī yī chēng wèi “kāi” . rú: “duì kāi” ,, “sì kāi” ,, “shí liù kāi” .
2. huáng jīn de chún dù dān wèi. yǐ èr shí sì kāi wèi chún jīn.
3. xìng. rú hàn dài yǒu kāi zhāng.
[fù]
fàng zài dòng cí hòu:(1) biǎo shì tōng tòu,, huō dá. rú: “xiǎng kāi” ,, “kàn kāi” .(2) biǎo shì kuò zhāng,, kuò dà. rú: “chuán kāi” ,, “sàn kāi” .
kai:[dong]
1. qi,, zhang. < shuo wen jie zi. men bu>: "kai, zhang ye." ru: "kai men" ,, "kai kou" ,, "kai xiang" . tang. meng hao ran
2. shu zhang,, zhan fang. ru: "kai yan" ,, "kai huai" ,, "kai hua" ,, "hua duo sheng kai" . < zhuang zi. qi wu lun>: "qi mei ye hun jiao, qi jue ye xing kai."
3. fa dong,, qi xing,, jia shi. ru: "kai che" ,, "kai chuan" . tang. du fu
4. fa she. ru: "kai qiang" ,, "kai pao" .
5. fa jue,, ta zhan. ru: "kai kuang" ,, "kai huang" ,, "kai yuan jie liu" ,, "kai jiang pi tu" . < han fei zi. chu jian qin>: "kai de shu qian li, ci qi da gong ye."
6. yin dao,, qi fa. ru: "kai dao" . < li ji. xue ji>: "gu jun zi zhi jiao yu ye, dao er fu qian, qiang er fu yi, kai er fu da."
7. chuang ban,, she li. ru: "kai dian" ,, "kai gong chang" ,, "bie kai sheng mian" . < yi jing. shi gua. shang liu>: "da jun you ming, kai guo cheng jia, xiao ren wu yong." < jing hua yuan> di wu er hui: "ru jin tian chao sui kai nu ke, wu ru yuan ge zhong yang, he neng qian qu?"
8. shi zuo mou zhong xing wei,, dong zuo. ru: "kai xue" ,, "kai gong" ,, "kai fan" .
9. ju xing. ru: "kai hui" .
10. mian chu,, qu xiao. ru: "kai jie" ,, "kai jin" ,, "kai chu" . < shu jing. duo fang>: "kai shi wu gu, yi ke yong quan."
11. tiao lie,, lie xu. ru: "kai yao fang" ,, "kai fa piao" ,, "kai shu dan" .
12. jie xiao. ru: "kai jiang" ,, "kai biao" .
13. fen li. ru: "li kai" . san guo wei. ruan ji
14. ge,, pou. ru: "kai tang po du" ,, "kai le yi ge xi gua" .
15. xiao san. ru: "yun kai wu san" . tang. du fu
16. zhi fu. ru: "kai zhi" ,, "kai xiao" ,, "kai gong qian" .
17. fei teng. ru: "shui kai le" .
[ming]
1. liang ci. ji suan zhi zhang da xiao chi cun de dan wei. qie ge yi da zhang zhi wei ruo gan fen zhi yi cheng wei "kai" . ru: "dui kai" ,, "si kai" ,, "shi liu kai" .
2. huang jin de chun du dan wei. yi er shi si kai wei chun jin.
3. xing. ru han dai you kai zhang.
[fu]
fang zai dong ci hou:(1) biao shi tong tou,, huo da. ru: "xiang kai" ,, "kan kai" .(2) biao shi kuo zhang,, kuo da. ru: "chuan kai" ,, "san kai" .
[The following represents an unverified English translation. For all purposes consult the original Chinese text.]
鐦 [kāi] [kai]—
[Noun]
A chemical element (化學元素 [hua xue yuan su]). An old translation (舊譯 [jiu yi]) for Cesium (銫 [se]).
鐦：[名]
化學元素。銫的舊譯。
kāi:[míng]
huà xué yuán sù. sè de jiù yì.
kai:[ming]
hua xue yuan su. se de jiu yi.
[The following represents an unverified English translation. For all purposes consult the original Chinese text.]
剴 [kǎi] [kai]—
[Noun]
A large scythe (大鐮刀 [da lian dao]). "Shuowen Jiezi (說文解字 [shuo wen jie zi]) . Radical Dao (刀部 [dao bu])": "Kai, a large scythe (大鎌 [da lian])." Qing (清 [qing]) Dynasty. Duan Yucai (段玉裁 [duan yu cai]). Annotation (注 [zhu]): "Refers to something that can cut the ground and mow (切地芟刈 [qie de shan yi])."
[Verb]
To grind (磨 [mo]). "Shuowen Jiezi (說文解字 [shuo wen jie zi]) . Radical Dao (刀部 [dao bu])": "Kai, also means to rub (摩 [mo])." Qing (清 [qing]) Dynasty. Duan Yucai (段玉裁 [duan yu cai]). Annotation (注 [zhu]): "A dull knife (刀不利 [dao bu li]) is sharpened (刉 [ji]) on tiles or stones (瓦石 [wa shi])."
[Adjective]
See the entry "Kaiqie (切 [qie])".
剴：[名]
大鐮刀。《說文解字．刀部》：「剴，大鎌也。」清．段玉裁．注：「謂可切地芟刈也。」
[動]
磨。《說文解字．刀部》：「剴，一曰摩也。」清．段玉裁．注：「刀不利於瓦石上刉之。」
[形]
參見「剴切」條。
kǎi:[míng]
dà lián dāo. < shuō wén jiě zì． dāo bù>: “kǎi, dà lián yě.” qīng． duàn yù cái． zhù: “wèi kě qiè de shān yì yě.”
[dòng]
mó. < shuō wén jiě zì． dāo bù>: “kǎi, yī yuē mó yě.” qīng． duàn yù cái． zhù: “dāo bù lì yú wǎ shí shàng jī zhī.”
[xíng]
cān jiàn “kǎi qiè” tiáo.
kai:[ming]
da lian dao. < shuo wen jie zi. dao bu>: "kai, da lian ye." qing. duan yu cai. zhu: "wei ke qie de shan yi ye."
[dong]
mo. < shuo wen jie zi. dao bu>: "kai, yi yue mo ye." qing. duan yu cai. zhu: "dao bu li yu wa shi shang ji zhi."
[xing]
can jian "kai qie" tiao.
[The following represents an unverified English translation. For all purposes consult the original Chinese text.]
凱 [kǎi] [kai]—
[名 [ming]]
Music played when an army returns victorious. For example: "奏凯而归 [zou kai er gui]" (to return triumphantly, playing victory music). From "Chen Shu" (History of Chen), Volume 28, "Biographies of the Twenty-Nine Princes of Gaozong," "Biography of Jinxi Wang Shuwen" (Prince Shuwen of Jinxi): "They followed Prince Jin (晋王 [jin wang]) and Prince Qin (秦王 [qin wang]), etc., offering the victory music (凯 [kai]) as they entered, lining up in the temple court." From "Jingshi Tongyan" (Stories to Caution the World), Volume 12, "Fan Qiuer Shuang Jing Chong Yuan" (Fan Qiuer's Double Mirrors Reunited): "Marshal Han (韩元帅 [han yuan shuai]) pacified Jianzhou (建州 [jian zhou]) and settled the people; he returned to Lin'an (临安 [lin an]) with Commissioner Lü (吕提辖 [lu ti xia]) to present himself before the emperor, playing the victory music (凯 [kai])."
[形 [xing]]
1. Kind, gentle, mild. Interchangeable with "恺 [kai]" (kǎi). From "Jiyun" (Collection of Rhymes), "Shangsheng" (Rising Tone), "Haiyun" (Hai Rhyme): "'恺 [kai]' (kǎi), according to 'Shuowen Jiezi' (Explaining and Analyzing Characters), means 'joy' (乐 [le]). It is sometimes written as '凯 [kai]' (kǎi)." From "Shijing" (Classic of Poetry), "Beifeng" (Airs of Bei), "Kaifeng" (The Gentle Wind): "The gentle wind (凯风 [kai feng]) comes from the south, blowing on the jujube heart (棘心 [ji xin])." From "Liji" (Book of Rites), "Biaoji" (Records of Rules of Conduct): "A kind and gentle (凯弟 [kai di]) gentleman is the parent of the people."
2. (Colloquial) Refers to being generous and extravagant with money. For example: "You've been very 凯 [kai] (kǎi) recently! Did you strike it rich?"
凱：[名]
軍隊戰勝歸來所奏的樂曲。如：「奏凱而歸」。《陳書．卷二八．高宗二十九王傳．晉熙王叔文傳》：「隨晉王、秦王等獻凱而入，列于廟廷。」《警世通言．卷一二．范鰍兒雙鏡重圓》：「韓元帥平了建州，安民已定，同呂提轄回臨安面君奏凱。」
[形]
1.和善、溫和。通「愷」。《集韻．上聲．海韻》：「愷，《說文》：『樂也。』或作凱。」《詩經．邶風．凱風》：「凱風自南，吹彼棘心。」《禮記．表記》：「凱弟君子，民之父母。」
2.俗指出手大方闊綽。如：「你最近很凱喔！是不是發財了？」
kǎi:[míng]
jūn duì zhàn shèng guī lái suǒ zòu de lè qū. rú: “zòu kǎi ér guī” . < chén shū． juǎn èr bā． gāo zōng èr shí jiǔ wáng chuán． jìn xī wáng shū wén chuán>: “suí jìn wáng,, qín wáng děng xiàn kǎi ér rù, liè yú miào tíng.” < jǐng shì tōng yán． juǎn yī èr． fàn qiū ér shuāng jìng zhòng yuán>: “hán yuán shuài píng le jiàn zhōu, ān mín yǐ dìng, tóng lǚ tí xiá huí lín ān miàn jūn zòu kǎi.”
[xíng]
1. hé shàn,, wēn hé. tōng “kǎi” . < jí yùn． shàng shēng． hǎi yùn>: “kǎi, < shuō wén>: ‘lè yě.’ huò zuò kǎi.” < shī jīng． bèi fēng． kǎi fēng>: “kǎi fēng zì nán, chuī bǐ jí xīn.” < lǐ jì． biǎo jì>: “kǎi dì jūn zi, mín zhī fù mǔ.”
2. sú zhǐ chū shǒu dà fāng kuò chuò. rú: “nǐ zuì jìn hěn kǎi ō! shì bù shì fā cái le?”
kai:[ming]
jun dui zhan sheng gui lai suo zou de le qu. ru: "zou kai er gui" . < chen shu. juan er ba. gao zong er shi jiu wang chuan. jin xi wang shu wen chuan>: "sui jin wang,, qin wang deng xian kai er ru, lie yu miao ting." < jing shi tong yan. juan yi er. fan qiu er shuang jing zhong yuan>: "han yuan shuai ping le jian zhou, an min yi ding, tong lu ti xia hui lin an mian jun zou kai."
[xing]
1. he shan,, wen he. tong "kai" . < ji yun. shang sheng. hai yun>: "kai, < shuo wen>: 'le ye.' huo zuo kai." < shi jing. bei feng. kai feng>: "kai feng zi nan, chui bi ji xin." < li ji. biao ji>: "kai di jun zi, min zhi fu mu."
2. su zhi chu shou da fang kuo chuo. ru: "ni zui jin hen kai o! shi bu shi fa cai le?"
[The following represents an unverified English translation. For all purposes consult the original Chinese text.]
愷 [kǎi] [kai]—
[形 [xing]] Adjective
Harmonious and joyful, kind and benevolent. Shuowen Jiezi (《說文解字 [shuo wen jie zi]》), Heart Radical (心部 [xin bu]): "Kǎi means joy." Zhuangzi (《莊子 [zhuang zi]》), "The Way of Heaven" (天道 [tian dao]): "With a peaceful heart, all things are joyful (物 [wu]); love is universal and selfless (兼愛無私 [jian ai wu si])."
[名 [ming]] Noun
Music played upon the army's victory. Interchangeable with Kǎi (凱 [kai]). Zhang Zilie (張自烈 [zhang zi lie]) of the Ming (明 [ming]) Dynasty, Zhengzitong (《正字通 [zheng zi tong]》), Heart Radical (心部 [xin bu]): "Kǎi is the music of military victory."
愷：[形]
和樂、和善。《說文解字．心部》：「愷，樂也。」《莊子．天道》：「中心物愷，兼愛無私。」
[名]
軍隊勝利所奏的樂曲。通「凱」。明．張自烈《正字通．心部》：「愷，軍勝之樂。」
kǎi:[xíng]
hé lè,, hé shàn. < shuō wén jiě zì． xīn bù>: “kǎi, lè yě.” < zhuāng zi． tiān dào>: “zhōng xīn wù kǎi, jiān ài wú sī.”
[míng]
jūn duì shèng lì suǒ zòu de lè qū. tōng “kǎi” . míng． zhāng zì liè < zhèng zì tōng． xīn bù>: “kǎi, jūn shèng zhī lè.”
kai:[xing]
he le,, he shan. < shuo wen jie zi. xin bu>: "kai, le ye." < zhuang zi. tian dao>: "zhong xin wu kai, jian ai wu si."
[ming]
jun dui sheng li suo zou de le qu. tong "kai" . ming. zhang zi lie < zheng zi tong. xin bu>: "kai, jun sheng zhi le."
[The following represents an unverified English translation. For all purposes consult the original Chinese text.]
塏 [kǎi] [kai]—
[形 [xing]] (Adjective)
The terrain (地勢 [de shi]) is high and dry and refreshing (乾爽 [gan shuang]).
《說文解字 [shuo wen jie zi]》 (Shuowen Jiezi), 'Earth' Radical (土部 [tu bu]): "(kǎi) means high and dry (高燥 [gao zao])."
《左傳 [zuo chuan]》 (Zuo Zhuan), Duke Zhao (昭公 [zhao gong]) Year 3: "Your (子 [zi]) residence (宅 [zhai]) is near the market (市 [shi]), cramped and unpleasant (湫隘 [jiao ai]) and noisy and dusty (囂塵 [xiao chen]), making it unsuitable for living. Please move it to a more refreshing and high/dry (爽 [shuang]) place."
塏：[形]
地勢高而乾爽。《說文解字．土部》：「塏，高燥也。」《左傳．昭公三年》：「子之宅近市，湫隘囂塵，不可以居，請更諸爽塏者。」
kǎi:[xíng]
de shì gāo ér gān shuǎng. < shuō wén jiě zì． tǔ bù>: “kǎi, gāo zào yě.” < zuǒ chuán． zhāo gōng sān nián>: “zi zhī zhái jìn shì, jiǎo ài xiāo chén, bù kě yǐ jū, qǐng gèng zhū shuǎng kǎi zhě.”
kai:[xing]
de shi gao er gan shuang. < shuo wen jie zi. tu bu>: "kai, gao zao ye." < zuo chuan. zhao gong san nian>: "zi zhi zhai jin shi, jiao ai xiao chen, bu ke yi ju, qing geng zhu shuang kai zhe."
[The following represents an unverified English translation. For all purposes consult the original Chinese text.]
闓 [kǎi] [kai]—
[Verb]
To open; to initiate.
From Shuowen Jiezi《說文解字 [shuo wen jie zi]》, Gate Radical Section門部 [men bu]: "(kǎi/kāi) means 'to open'開 [kai]."
From Book of Han《漢書 [han shu]》, Vol. 94卷九四 [juan jiu si], Account of the Xiongnu, Part 1匈奴傳上 [xiong nu chuan shang]: "Now [we] wish to openthe great pass大關 [da guan] with Han漢 [han], and take Han women漢女 [han nu] as wives妻 [qi]."
From Book of Jin《晉書 [jin shu]》, Vol. 68卷六八 [juan liu ba], Biography of Ji Zhan紀瞻傳 [ji zhan chuan]: "Now the path for presenting the virtuous貢賢之塗 [gong xian zhi tu] has been opened, but the task of teaching教學之務 [jiao xue zhi wu] has not yet been widely extended."
[Adjective]
Harmonious and joyful; peaceful and happy.
Interchangeable with 愷 [kai] (kǎi) and 凱 [kai] (kǎi).
From Book of Han《漢書 [han shu]》, Vol. 57卷五七 [juan wu qi], Biography of Sima Xiangru, Part 2司馬相如傳下 [si ma xiang ru chuan xia]: "Insects昆蟲 [kun chong] are joyful懌 [yi] and turn their heads回首 [hui shou] to face inwards面內 [mian nei]."
Tang Dynasty唐 [tang], Yan Shigu顏師古 [yan shi gu]'s commentary注 [zhu]: "(kǎi) is read as 凱 [kai] (kǎi), meaning that all remote and distant幽遐 [you xia] regions四方 [si fang] harbor harmony and joy和樂 [he le]."
闓：[動]
開啟。《說文解字．門部》：「闓，開也。」《漢書．卷九四．匈奴傳上》：「今欲與漢闓大關，取漢女為妻。」《晉書．卷六八．紀瞻傳》：「今貢賢之塗已闓，而教學之務未廣。」
[形]
和樂。通「愷」、「凱」。《漢書．卷五七．司馬相如傳下》：「昆蟲闓懌，回首面內。」唐．顏師古．注：「闓讀曰凱，言四方幽遐，皆懷和樂。」
kǎi:[dòng]
kāi qǐ. < shuō wén jiě zì． mén bù>: “kǎi, kāi yě.” < hàn shū． juǎn jiǔ sì． xiōng nú chuán shàng>: “jīn yù yǔ hàn kǎi dà guān, qǔ hàn nǚ wèi qī.” < jìn shū． juǎn liù bā． jì zhān chuán>: “jīn gòng xián zhī tú yǐ kǎi, ér jiào xué zhī wù wèi guǎng.”
[xíng]
hé lè. tōng “kǎi” ,, “kǎi” . < hàn shū． juǎn wǔ qī． sī mǎ xiāng rú chuán xià>: “kūn chóng kǎi yì, huí shǒu miàn nèi.” táng． yán shī gǔ． zhù: “kǎi dú yuē kǎi, yán sì fāng yōu xiá, jiē huái hé lè.”
kai:[dong]
kai qi. < shuo wen jie zi. men bu>: "kai, kai ye." < han shu. juan jiu si. xiong nu chuan shang>: "jin yu yu han kai da guan, qu han nu wei qi." < jin shu. juan liu ba. ji zhan chuan>: "jin gong xian zhi tu yi kai, er jiao xue zhi wu wei guang."
[xing]
he le. tong "kai" ,, "kai" . < han shu. juan wu qi. si ma xiang ru chuan xia>: "kun chong kai yi, hui shou mian nei." tang. yan shi gu. zhu: "kai du yue kai, yan si fang you xia, jie huai he le."
[The following represents an unverified English translation. For all purposes consult the original Chinese text.]
鎧 [kǎi] [kai]—
Noun.
Protective iron armor (鐵甲 [tie jia]) worn by ancient warriors (戰士 [zhan shi]). For example, "kǎi zhòu" (冑 [zhou]). From "Wudu" (五蠹 [wu du]) in Han Feizi (韓非子 [han fei zi]): "Those whose kǎi jiǎ (甲 [jia]) is not sturdy will be injured in their bodies." From "Hao Lixing" (蒿里行 [hao li xing]) by Cao Cao (曹操 [cao cao]) of the Han Dynasty (漢 [han]): "Kǎi jiǎ (甲 [jia]) breeds lice (蟣虱 [ji shi]), and the common people (萬姓 [wan xing]) consequently die."
鎧：[名]
古代戰士所穿的護身鐵甲。如：「鎧冑」。《韓非子．五蠹》：「鎧甲不堅者傷乎體。」漢．曹操〈蒿里行〉：「鎧甲生蟣虱，萬姓以死亡。」
kǎi:[míng]
gǔ dài zhàn shì suǒ chuān de hù shēn tiě jiǎ. rú: “kǎi zhòu” . < hán fēi zi． wǔ dù>: “kǎi jiǎ bù jiān zhě shāng hū tǐ.” hàn． cáo cāo 〈hāo lǐ xíng〉: “kǎi jiǎ shēng jǐ shī, wàn xìng yǐ sǐ wáng.”
kai:[ming]
gu dai zhan shi suo chuan de hu shen tie jia. ru: "kai zhou" . < han fei zi. wu du>: "kai jia bu jian zhe shang hu ti." han. cao cao
[The following represents an unverified English translation. For all purposes consult the original Chinese text.]
慨 [kǎi] [kai]—
Adjective
Refer to the entry for 「慷 [kang]」 (kāng kǎi).
Verb
To lament, to feel sad or sentimental.
Han Dynasty. Ban Biao, "Northern Expedition Rhapsody" (〈北征賦 [bei zheng fu]〉): "Stroked the long sword and sighed with emotion (撫長劍以息 [fu zhang jian yi xi])."
Song Dynasty. Wang Anshi, "Young and Fond of Writing" (〈少狂喜文章 [shao kuang xi wen zhang]〉): "Pushed aside the books to the left and right, looked up at the roof and lamented his life (撥書置左右 [bo shu zhi zuo you]，仰屋平生 [yang wu ping sheng])."
慨：[形]
參見「慷慨」條。
[動]
悲嘆、感傷。漢．班彪〈北征賦〉：「撫長劍以慨息。」宋．王安石〈少狂喜文章〉：「撥書置左右，仰屋慨平生。」
kǎi:[xíng]
cān jiàn “kāng kǎi” tiáo.
[dòng]
bēi tàn,, gǎn shāng. hàn． bān biāo 〈běi zhēng fù〉: “fǔ zhǎng jiàn yǐ kǎi xī.” sòng． wáng ān shí 〈shǎo kuáng xǐ wén zhāng〉: “bō shū zhì zuǒ yòu, yǎng wū kǎi píng shēng.”
kai:[xing]
can jian "kang kai" tiao.
[dong]
bei tan,, gan shang. han. ban biao
[The following represents an unverified English translation. For all purposes consult the original Chinese text.]
楷 [kǎi] [kai]—
[名 [ming]]
1. Plant name. A deciduous tree belonging to the genus Pistacia (黃連木屬 [huang lian mu shu]) of the family Pistaciaceae (漆樹科 [qi shu ke]). It has odd-pinnate compound leaves (奇數羽狀複葉 [qi shu yu zhuang fu ye]) with eleven to fifteen leaflets (小葉 [xiao ye]), which are lanceolate (披針形 [pi zhen xing]) or ovate-lanceolate (卵狀披針形 [luan zhuang pi zhen xing]) and fragrant (具有香味 [ju you xiang wei]). The flowers (花 [hua]) are dioecious (雌雄異株 [ci xiong yi zhu]); the male inflorescences (雄花序 [xiong hua xu]) are dense racemes (緊密總狀 [jin mi zong zhuang]), and the female inflorescences (雌花序 [ci hua xu]) are loose panicles (鬆散圓錐狀 [song san yuan zhui zhuang]), without petals (不具花瓣 [bu ju hua ban]). The drupe (核果 [he guo]) is oblate obovoid (扁倒卵狀球形 [bian dao luan zhuang qiu xing]) and turns dark red (暗紅色 [an hong se]) when ripe. Its wood (材質 [cai zhi]) is dense (密緻 [mi zhi]) and can be used to make various objects (器物 [qi wu]). It is also known as "Huanglianhua" (黃連花 [huang lian hua]), "Kaimu" (木 [mu]), or "Lanxinmu" (爛心木 [lan xin mu]).
2. Pattern (法式 [fa shi]), model (模範 [mo fan]). For example: "kaimo" (模 [mo]) [model, example]. From Liji (禮記 [li ji]) [Book of Rites], "Ruxing" (儒行 [ru xing]) [Conduct of the Ru]: "What is practiced in this generation will be taken as a kai [model] by later generations." From Liu Xie's (劉勰 [liu xie]) Wenxin Diaolong (文心雕龍 [wen xin diao long]) [The Literary Mind and the Carving of Dragons], "Zhumeng" (祝盟 [zhu meng]) [Prayers and Oaths], of the Southern Dynasties Liang (南朝梁 [nan chao liang]): "The forms of prayer (祈禱 [qi dao]) must be sincere and respectful, and the kai [model] for memorial ceremonies (祭奠 [ji dian]) should be reverent and sorrowful."
3. See the entry for "kaishu" (書 [shu]).
楷：[名]
1.植物名。漆樹科黃連木屬，落葉喬木。奇數羽狀複葉，小葉十一至十五枚，披針形或卵狀披針形，具有香味。花雌雄異株，雄花序緊密總狀，雌花序鬆散圓錐狀，不具花瓣。核果扁倒卵狀球形，熟時呈暗紅色。材質密緻，可製器物。也稱為「黃連花」、「楷木」、「爛心木」。
2.法式、模範。如：「楷模」。《禮記．儒行》：「今世行之，後世以為楷。」南朝梁．劉勰《文心雕龍．祝盟》：「祈禱之式，必誠以敬，祭奠之楷，宜恭且哀。」
3.參見「楷書」條。
kǎi:[míng]
1. zhí wù míng. qī shù kē huáng lián mù shǔ, luò yè qiáo mù. qí shù yǔ zhuàng fù yè, xiǎo yè shí yī zhì shí wǔ méi, pī zhēn xíng huò luǎn zhuàng pī zhēn xíng, jù yǒu xiāng wèi. huā cí xióng yì zhū, xióng huā xù jǐn mì zǒng zhuàng, cí huā xù sōng sàn yuán zhuī zhuàng, bù jù huā bàn. hé guǒ biǎn dào luǎn zhuàng qiú xíng, shú shí chéng àn hóng sè. cái zhì mì zhì, kě zhì qì wù. yě chēng wèi “huáng lián huā” ,, “kǎi mù” ,, “làn xīn mù” .
2. fǎ shì,, mó fàn. rú: “kǎi mó” . < lǐ jì． rú xíng>: “jīn shì xíng zhī, hòu shì yǐ wèi kǎi.” nán cháo liáng． liú xié < wén xīn diāo lóng． zhù méng>: “qí dǎo zhī shì, bì chéng yǐ jìng, jì diàn zhī kǎi, yí gōng qiě āi.”
3. cān jiàn “kǎi shū” tiáo.
kai:[ming]
1. zhi wu ming. qi shu ke huang lian mu shu, luo ye qiao mu. qi shu yu zhuang fu ye, xiao ye shi yi zhi shi wu mei, pi zhen xing huo luan zhuang pi zhen xing, ju you xiang wei. hua ci xiong yi zhu, xiong hua xu jin mi zong zhuang, ci hua xu song san yuan zhui zhuang, bu ju hua ban. he guo bian dao luan zhuang qiu xing, shu shi cheng an hong se. cai zhi mi zhi, ke zhi qi wu. ye cheng wei "huang lian hua" ,, "kai mu" ,, "lan xin mu" .
2. fa shi,, mo fan. ru: "kai mo" . < li ji. ru xing>: "jin shi xing zhi, hou shi yi wei kai." nan chao liang. liu xie < wen xin diao long. zhu meng>: "qi dao zhi shi, bi cheng yi jing, ji dian zhi kai, yi gong qie ai."
3. can jian "kai shu" tiao.
[The following represents an unverified English translation. For all purposes consult the original Chinese text.]
鍇 [kǎi] [kai]—
High-quality iron (品質精良的鐵 [pin zhi jing liang de tie]). From Selections of Literature (文選 [wen xuan]) by Zuo Si (左思 [zuo si]), Rhapsody on the Capital of Wu (吳都賦 [wu dou fu]): "Its treasures are mounds of fine jade (琨瑤 [kun yao]) and vast expanses of copper (銅 [tong]) and high-quality iron."
鍇：[名]
品質精良的鐵。《文選．左思．吳都賦》：「其琛賂則琨瑤之阜，銅鍇之垠。」
kǎi:[míng]
pǐn zhì jīng liáng de tiě. < wén xuǎn． zuǒ sī． wú dōu fù>: “qí chēn lù zé kūn yáo zhī fù, tóng kǎi zhī yín.”
kai:[ming]
pin zhi jing liang de tie. < wen xuan. zuo si. wu dou fu>: "qi chen lu ze kun yao zhi fu, tong kai zhi yin."
[The following represents an unverified English translation. For all purposes consult the original Chinese text.]
欬 [kài] [kai]—
[Verb]
To cough. In 《說文解字 [shuo wen jie zi]》 (Shuowen Jiezi) · 欠部 [qian bu] (Qianbu): "(kài) is a rebellious qi (逆氣 [ni qi])." Qing (清 [qing]) Dynasty scholar 段玉裁 [duan yu cai] (Duan Yucai) annotated: "When one breathes in, one desires it to go down, but the qi (氣 [qi]) instead reverses upwards; this is called (kài)." In 宋 [song] (Song) Dynasty 蘇軾 [su shi] (Su Shi)'s 《石鐘山記 [shi zhong shan ji]》 (Shizhongshan Ji): "There were also sounds like an old man coughing and laughing in the valley."
欬：[動]
咳嗽。《說文解字．欠部》：「欬，逆氣也。」清．段玉裁．注：「含吸之欲其下，而气乃逆上是曰欬。」宋．蘇軾〈石鐘山記〉：「又有若老人欬且笑於山谷中者。」
kài:[dòng]
hāi sòu. < shuō wén jiě zì． qiàn bù>: “kài, nì qì yě.” qīng． duàn yù cái． zhù: “hán xī zhī yù qí xià, ér qì nǎi nì shàng shì yuē kài.” sòng． sū shì 〈shí zhōng shān jì〉: “yòu yǒu ruò lǎo rén kài qiě xiào yú shān gǔ zhōng zhě.”
kai:[dong]
hai sou. < shuo wen jie zi. qian bu>: "kai, ni qi ye." qing. duan yu cai. zhu: "han xi zhi yu qi xia, er qi nai ni shang shi yue kai." song. su shi
[The following represents an unverified English translation. For all purposes consult the original Chinese text.]
愒 [kài] [kai]—
[Verb]
To covet; to be greedy for. "Erya, Shiyan" (爾雅 [er ya]．釋言 [shi yan]): "Kài means to covet/be greedy." "Zuo Zhuan, Year 1 of Duke Zhao" (左傳 [zuo chuan]．昭公元年 [zhao gong yuan nian]): "to play away years and covet days (翫歲而日 [wan sui er ri])." Jin Dynasty (晉 [jin]) Du Yu's (杜預 [du yu]) commentary: "Wán (翫 [wan]) and Kài both mean to covet/be greedy for."
愒：[動]
貪。《爾雅．釋言》：「愒，貪也。」《左傳．昭公元年》：「翫歲而愒日。」晉．杜預．注：「翫、愒，皆貪也。」
kài:[dòng]
tān. < ěr yǎ． shì yán>: “kài, tān yě.” < zuǒ chuán． zhāo gōng yuán nián>: “wán suì ér kài rì.” jìn． dù yù． zhù: “wán,, kài, jiē tān yě.”
kai:[dong]
tan. < er ya. shi yan>: "kai, tan ye." < zuo chuan. zhao gong yuan nian>: "wan sui er kai ri." jin. du yu. zhu: "wan,, kai, jie tan ye."
[The following represents an unverified English translation. For all purposes consult the original Chinese text.]
慨 [kǎi] [kai]—
Another pronunciation of 一 [yi] (yī).
慨：(一)之又音。
kǎi:(yī) zhī yòu yīn.
kai:(yi) zhi you yin.
[The following represents an unverified English translation. For all purposes consult the original Chinese text.]
愾 [kài] [kai]—
[Verb]
To hate, to be angry. For example: "同仇敵 [tong chou di]" (tóng chóu dí kài). From "Zuo Zhuan" (《左傳 [zuo chuan]》), "Duke Wen" (文公 [wen gong]) 4th Year: "The feudal lords oppose what the king resents." From "Eastern Expedition Poem" (〈東征詩 [dong zheng shi]〉) by Wang Yun (王惲 [wang yun]) of the Yuan (元 [yuan]) Dynasty: "My humble self is most resentful of the enemy, I fight with all my might and do not hold back."
愾：[動]
恨、怒。如：「同仇敵愾」。《左傳．文公四年》：「諸侯敵王所愾。」元．王惲〈東征詩〉：「臣牢最愾敵，奮擊不留行。」
kài:[dòng]
hèn,, nù. rú: “tóng chóu dí kài” . < zuǒ chuán． wén gōng sì nián>: “zhū hóu dí wáng suǒ kài.” yuán． wáng yùn 〈dōng zhēng shī〉: “chén láo zuì kài dí, fèn jī bù liú xíng.”
kai:[dong]
hen,, nu. ru: "tong chou di kai" . < zuo chuan. wen gong si nian>: "zhu hou di wang suo kai." yuan. wang yun
[The following represents an unverified English translation. For all purposes consult the original Chinese text.]
愒 [kài] [kai]—
Verb. To rest. Same as 「憩 [qi]」 (qì). From 《詩經 [shi jing]．大雅 [da ya]．民勞 [min lao]》 (Shī Jīng, Dà Yǎ, Mín Láo): "The people are weary indeed; they may perhaps find a little rest." From Liu Yiqing's (劉義慶 [liu yi qing]) 《世說新語 [shi shuo xin yu]．假譎 [jia jue]》 (Shìshuō Xīnyǔ, Jiǎjué) during the Southern Song Dynasty (南朝宋 [nan chao song]): "There was an old woman (客姥 [ke lao]) who lived in an inn (店 [dian]) and sold food (食 [shi]). The emperor (帝 [di]) passed by and rested there."
愒：[動]
休息。同「憩」。《詩經．大雅．民勞》：「民亦勞止，汔可小愒。」南朝宋．劉義慶《世說新語．假譎》：「有一客姥，居店賣食。帝過愒之。」
kài:[dòng]
xiū xī. tóng “qì” . < shī jīng． dà yǎ． mín láo>: “mín yì láo zhǐ, qì kě xiǎo kài.” nán cháo sòng． liú yì qìng < shì shuō xīn yǔ． jiǎ jué>: “yǒu yī kè lǎo, jū diàn mài shí. dì guò kài zhī.”
kai:[dong]
xiu xi. tong "qi" . < shi jing. da ya. min lao>: "min yi lao zhi, qi ke xiao kai." nan chao song. liu yi qing < shi shuo xin yu. jia jue>: "you yi ke lao, ju dian mai shi. di guo kai zhi."
[The following represents an unverified English translation. For all purposes consult the original Chinese text.]
愾 [kài] [kai]—
[Verb]
To sigh deeply. From "Xia Quan" (下泉 [xia quan]) in "Cao Feng" (曹風 [cao feng]) of "The Classic of Poetry" (詩經 [shi jing]): "I sigh upon waking, thinking of that Zhou capital (周京 [zhou jing])."
愾：[動]
長聲嘆息。《詩經．曹風．下泉》：「愾我寤歎，念彼周京。」
kài:[dòng]
zhǎng shēng tàn xī. < shī jīng． cáo fēng． xià quán>: “kài wǒ wù tàn, niàn bǐ zhōu jīng.”
kai:[dong]
zhang sheng tan xi. < shi jing. cao feng. xia quan>: "kai wo wu tan, nian bi zhou jing."
[The following represents an unverified English translation. For all purposes consult the original Chinese text.]
嘅 [kǎi] [kai]—
Variant character of ''.
嘅：「」的異體字。
kǎi: “” de yì tǐ zì.
kai: "" de yi ti zi.
[The following represents an unverified English translation. For all purposes consult the original Chinese text.]
开 [kāi] [kai]—
Variant character of "幵 [jian]".
开：「幵」的異體字。
kāi: “jiān” de yì tǐ zì.
kai: "jian" de yi ti zi.
1) 凱 t = 凯 s = kǎi p refers to “surname Kai”.
2) 凱 t = 凯 s = kǎi p refers to “(bound form) triumphal music/(Tw) (coll.) generous with money; lavish in spending/chi (Greek letter Χχ)”..
3) 剴 t = 剀 s = kǎi p refers to “used in 剴切 | 剀切 [kai3 qie4]”..
4) 嘅 ts = kǎi p refers to “possessive particle (Cantonese)/Mandarin equivalent: 的 [de5]”..
5) 嘅 t = 慨 s = kǎi p refers to “old variant of 慨 [kai3]/to sigh (with emotion)”..
6) 塏 t = 垲 s = kǎi p refers to “dry terrain”..
7) 愒 ts = kài p refers to “to desire”..
8) 愷 t = 恺 s = kǎi p refers to “joyful/kind”..
9) 愾 t = 忾 s = kài p refers to “anger”..
10) 慨 ts = kǎi p refers to “indignant/generous/to sigh (with emotion)”..
11) 揩 ts = kāi p refers to “to wipe”..
12) 楷 ts = kǎi p refers to “Chinese pistachio tree (Pistacia chinensis)”..
13) 楷 ts = kǎi p refers to “model/pattern/regular script (calligraphic style)”..
14) 欬 ts = kài p refers to “to cough”..
15) 炌 ts = kài p refers to “flaming fire/old variant of 烗 [kai4]”..
16) 炏 ts = kài p refers to “old variant of 炎 [yan2]”..
17) 烗 ts = kài p refers to “to burn/to blaze”..
18) 鍇 t = 锴 s = kǎi p refers to “high quality iron”..
19) 鎧 t = 铠 s = kǎi p refers to “armor”..
20) 鐦 t = 锎 s = kāi p refers to “californium (chemistry)”..
21) 開 t = 开 s = kāi p refers to “to open (transitive or intransitive)/(of ships, vehicles, troops etc) to start/to turn on; to put in operation; to operate; to run/to boil/to write out (a prescription, check, invoice etc)/(directional complement) away; off/carat (gold)/abbr. for Kelvin, 開爾文 | 开尔文 [Kai1 er3 wen2]/abbr. for 開本 | 开本 [kai1 ben3], book format”..
22) 闓 t = 闿 s = kǎi p refers to “to loosen/to open”..
23) 颽 ts = kǎi p refers to “balmy/genial as wind”..
1) 鎧 t = 铠 s = kǎi p refers to [noun] “armor”; Domain: Literary Chinese 文言文 [wen yan wen]; Notes: (CC-CEDICT '鎧 [kai]'; Guoyu '鎧 [kai]'; Unihan '鎧 [kai]').
2) 揩 ts = kāi p refers to [verb] “to rub; to wipe; dust; clean”; Domain: Literary Chinese 文言文 [wen yan wen]; Notes: In the sense of 擦 [ca] or 抹 [mo] (Guoyu '揩 [kai]' v 1; Kroll 2015 '揩 [kai]', p. 235; Unihan '揩 [kai]')..
3) 揩 ts = kāi p refers to [verb] “to seek profit; to exploit”; Domain: Modern Chinese 现代汉语 [xian dai han yu]; Notes: In the sense of 捞取 [lao qu] or 榨取 [zha qu] (Guoyu '揩 [kai]' v 1; Unihan '揩 [kai]')..
4) 開 t = 开 s = kāi p refers to [verb] “to open”; Domain: Modern Chinese 现代汉语 [xian dai han yu]; Notes: In the sense of 开通 [kai tong] (ABC 'kāi' 开 [kai] v 1; GHC '开 [kai]' 2; NCCED 1 '开 [kai]' 1)..
5) 開 t = 开 s = kāi p refers to [proper noun] “Kai”; Domain: Modern Chinese 现代汉语 [xian dai han yu] , Subdomain: Names , Concept: Name 名字 [ming zi]; Notes: (ABC 'kāi' 开 [kai] n 2; GHC '开 [kai]' 10)..
6) 開 t = 开 s = kāi p refers to [verb] “to hold an event”; Domain: Modern Chinese 现代汉语 [xian dai han yu]; Notes: For example, 开会 [kai hui] 'to have a meeting' (ABC 'kāi' 开 [kai] v 9; GHC '开 [kai]' 7; NCCED 1 '开 [kai]' 12)..
7) 開 t = 开 s = kāi p refers to [verb] “to drive; to operate”; Domain: Modern Chinese 现代汉语 [xian dai han yu]; Notes: For example, 开车 [kai che] 'drive a car' (ABC 'kāi' 开 [kai] v 6; NCCED 1 '开 [kai]' 3)..
8) 開 t = 开 s = kāi p refers to [verb] “to boil”; Domain: Modern Chinese 现代汉语 [xian dai han yu] , Subdomain: Temperature; Notes: For example, 开水 [kai shui] 'boil water' (ABC 'kāi' 开 [kai] v 13; NCCED 1 '开 [kai]' 16)..
9) 開 t = 开 s = kāi p refers to [verb] “to melt”; Domain: Modern Chinese 现代汉语 [xian dai han yu] , Subdomain: Temperature; Notes: (NCCED 1 '开 [kai]' 7)..
10) 開 t = 开 s = kāi p refers to [verb] “to come loose; to break open”; Domain: Modern Chinese 现代汉语 [xian dai han yu]; Notes: (ABC 'kāi' 开 [kai] v 4; NCCED 1 '开 [kai]' 6)..
11) 開 t = 开 s = kāi p refers to [verb] “to depart; to move”; Domain: Modern Chinese 现代汉语 [xian dai han yu]; Notes: (GHC '开 [kai]' 6)..
12) 開 t = 开 s = kāi p refers to [verb] “to write”; Domain: Modern Chinese 现代汉语 [xian dai han yu] , Subdomain: Writing; Notes: Such as, to write a prescription, a check, etc (NCCED 1 '开 [kai]' 13)..
13) 開 t = 开 s = kāi p refers to [verb] “to issue”; Domain: Modern Chinese 现代汉语 [xian dai han yu] , Subdomain: Writing; Notes: For example, 开工资 [kai gong zi] 'to issue wages' (ABC 'kāi' 开 [kai] v 15; NCCED 1 '开 [kai]' 15)..
14) 開 t = 开 s = kāi p refers to [verb] “to lift restrictions”; Domain: Modern Chinese 现代汉语 [xian dai han yu]; Notes: (NCCED 1 '开 [kai]' 9)..
15) 開 t = 开 s = kāi p refers to [verb] “indicates expansion or continuation of a process”; Domain: Modern Chinese 现代汉语 [xian dai han yu] , Subdomain: Function Words; Notes: Used after a verb or an adjective (NCCED 3 '开 [kai]' 2)..
16) 開 t = 开 s = kāi p refers to [verb] “to switch on”; Domain: Modern Chinese 现代汉语 [xian dai han yu]; Notes: As in switch on machinery or a light (ABC 'kāi' 开 [kai] v 4; NCCED 1 '开 [kai]' 2)..
17) 開 t = 开 s = kāi p refers to [verb] “to run; to set up”; Domain: Modern Chinese 现代汉语 [xian dai han yu] , Subdomain: Administration; Notes: As in run a company， in the sense of 建立 [jian li] 'to establish' (ABC 'kāi' 开 [kai] v 8; GHC '开 [kai]' 3; NCCED 1 '开 [kai]' 11)..
18) 開 t = 开 s = kāi p refers to [verb] “to fire”; Domain: Modern Chinese 现代汉语 [xian dai han yu] , Subdomain: Administration; Notes: As in fire an employee (ABC 'kāi' 开 [kai] v 14; NCCED 1 '开 [kai]' 17)..
19) 開 t = 开 s = kāi p refers to [verb] “to eat”; Domain: Modern Chinese 现代汉语 [xian dai han yu] , Subdomain: Spoken Language; Notes: (ABC 'kāi' 开 [kai] v 16; NCCED 1 '开 [kai]' 18)..
20) 開 t = 开 s = kāi p refers to [verb] “to clear”; Domain: Modern Chinese 现代汉语 [xian dai han yu] , Subdomain: Nature; Notes: Of weather (NCCED 1 '开 [kai]' 19)..
21) 開 t = 开 s = kāi p refers to [verb] “to divide”; Domain: Modern Chinese 现代汉语 [xian dai han yu]; Notes: In the sense of 分开 [fen kai] (ABC 'kāi' 开 [kai] v 10; GHC '开 [kai]' 8; NCCED 1 '开 [kai]' 20)..
22) 開 t = 开 s = kāi p refers to [noun] “a division of standard size paper”; Domain: Modern Chinese 现代汉语 [xian dai han yu] , Subdomain: Writing; Notes: (ABC 'kāi' 开 [kai] n 1; NCCED 1 '开 [kai]' 21)..
23) 開 t = 开 s = kāi p refers to [measure word] “carat”; Domain: Modern Chinese 现代汉语 [xian dai han yu] , Subdomain: Jewelry; Notes: (ABC 'kāi' 开 [kai] n 3; NCCED 2 '开 [kai]' 1)..
24) 開 t = 开 s = kāi p refers to [measure word] “Kelvin”; Domain: Modern Chinese 现代汉语 [xian dai han yu] , Subdomain: Temperature; Notes: A measure of temperature, abbreviation for 开尔文 [kai er wen] (NCCED 2 '开 [kai]' 2)..
25) 開 t = 开 s = kāi p refers to [adverb] “complement of result”; Domain: Modern Chinese 现代汉语 [xian dai han yu] , Subdomain: Function Words; Notes: Often acts as a complement of result expressing that the preceding verb acheives the result of opening or moving something from its original position. For example, 打开 [da kai]、解开等 [jie kai deng] (ABC 'kāi' 开 [kai] ad 1; NCCED 3 '开 [kai]' 1)..
26) 開 t = 开 s = kāi p refers to [verb] “to develop land; to reclaim land”; Domain: Modern Chinese 现代汉语 [xian dai han yu]; Notes: In the sense of 开发地 [kai fa de] 'to develop land' (ABC 'kāi' 开 [kai] v 2; GHC '开 [kai]' 4; NCCED 1 '开 [kai]' 8)..
27) 開 t = 开 s = kāi p refers to [verb] “to reveal; to display”; Domain: Literary Chinese 文言文 [wen yan wen]; Notes: In the sense of 展示 [zhan shi] (GHC '开 [kai]' 5)..
28) 開 t = 开 s = kāi p refers to [verb] “to inspire”; Domain: Literary Chinese 文言文 [wen yan wen]; Notes: In the sense of 启发 [qi fa] (GHC '开 [kai]' 6)..
1) 鎧 [kǎi] refers to: “armor”.
鎧 is further associated with the following language/terms:
[Related Chinese terms] 甲.
[Sanskrit] kakṣyā.
[Vietnamese] khải.
[Korean] 개 / gae.
[Japanese] カイ / kai.
2) 開 [kāi] refers to: “disclose”.
開 is further associated with the following language/terms:
[Related Chinese terms] 發露; 開顯; 制; 斷; 得解脫; 捨; 有解; 具足; 得; 成; 成立; 決定; 顯了; 體解; 宣; 說; 開示; 修; 分別; 增; 得名; 放; 顯現; 啓; 解; 出; 來至; 堪; 奉施; 奉獻; 惠施; 給施; 能引; 能正授與; 能與; 與; 饒益; 動搖; 詣; 授; 捨除; 流.
[Sanskrit] anujñātā; apā-√vṛ; ghātayati; kṛta-nirbheda; mucyate; nistīraṇa; prabhāvanā; prabhāvyate; pransanga; samudghāṭana; sphoṭayati; sphoṭya; ud-√gṝ; udghāṭayati; udghāṭiya; unmesa; unmiñjita; upa-saṃ-√hṛ; vi-√car; vi-√kas; vi-√vṛ; vighaṭayati; vivarita; vy-ā-√dā; √muc.
[Tibetan] gnang ba.
[Vietnamese] khai.
[Korean] 개 / gae.
[Japanese] カイ / kai.
3) 揩 [kāi] refers to: “grind”.
揩 is further associated with the following language/terms:
[Related Chinese terms] 研磨.
[Sanskrit] udvartāpayati.
[Vietnamese] day.
[Korean] 개 / gae.
[Japanese] カイ / kai.
Chinese language.
See also (Relevant definitions)
Starts with (+16): Kai baval, Kai jinjan, Kai riti, Kai ye qin, Kai zaban, Kai-a-tuti, Kai-atipatu, Kai-atiun, Kaiyadu, Kaiyakal, Kaiyakappatu, Kaiyakappatuttu, Kaiyakkam, Kaiyal, Kaiyalai, Kaiyalaku, Kaiyali, Kaiyalippu, Kaiyani, Kaiyarri.
Full-text (+12139): Kai shi, Kai mo, Kaili, Fenkaai, Kaiyan, Kaiti, Kai ge, Kai fu, Kai zhang, Kai jia, Kai hua, Zhi kai, Kai shan, Kai jie, Kai tan, Kai he, Kailu, Gong kai, Kai feng, Kai dao.
Relevant text
Search found 121 books and stories containing Kai, Kaī, Kāī, Kāi, Kǎi, Kài, 凯, 凱, 剀, 剴, 嘅, 垲, 塏, 开, 忾, 恺, 愒, 愷, 愾, 慨, 揩, 楷, 欬, 炌, 炏, 烗, 鍇, 鎧, 鐦, 铠, 锎, 锴, 開, 闓, 闿, 颽; (plurals include: Kais, Kaīs, Kāīs, Kāis, Kǎis, Kàis). You can also click to the full overview containing English textual excerpts. Below are direct links for the most relevant articles:
Taisho: Chinese Buddhist Canon
Sutta 83: The Story of Channika < [Part 152 - Discourse of the Collection of the Six Perfections]
Chapter 16: The Chapter on Subduing Mara < [Part 193 - Buddhacharita (translated by Bao Yun)]
Chapter 16: The Chapter on Subduing Mara < [Part 193 - Buddhacharita (translated by Bao Yun)]
Dictionaries of Indian languages (Kosha)
Page 520 < [Tamil-Hindi-English, Volume 1]
Page 653 < [Hindi-Sindhi-English Volume 1]
Page 273 < [Hindi-Bengali-English Volume 1]
108 Tirupathi Anthathi (English translation) (by Sri Varadachari Sadagopan)
Verse 19: Thirunagai (or, Nagapattinam Divya Desam)
Verse 16: Oppiliappan Koyil (or, Thiruvinnagar Divya Desam)
Verse 27: Krishna Mangala Kshetram (or, Thirukannamangai Divya Desam)
Agni Purana (by N. Gangadharan)
Garga Samhita (English) (by Danavir Goswami)
Verse 1.4.18 < [Chapter 4 - Description of Questions About the Lord’s Appearance]
Verse 1.3.35 < [Chapter 3 - Description of the Lord’s Appearance]
Sanskrit Inscriptions of Thailand (by Satya Vrat Shastri)