Kupa, Kūpa, Kūpā: 31 definitions
Introduction:
Kupa means something in Buddhism, Pali, Hinduism, Sanskrit, Jainism, Prakrit, the history of ancient India, Marathi, Hindi, biology. If you want to know the exact meaning, history, etymology or English translation of this term then check out the descriptions on this page. Add your comment or reference to a book if you want to contribute to this summary article.
In Hinduism
Purana and Itihasa (epic history)
Source: archive.org: Shiva Purana - English TranslationKūpa (कूप) refers to a “well” (filled with water), according to the Śivapurāṇa 2.3.44 (“Menā regains consciousness”).—Accordingly, as Menā said to her daughter (Pārvatī): “O wretched daughter, what is it that you have done? This is extremely painful to me. You have given gold and brought a glass piece, O wicked girl. You have cast away sandal paste and smeared yourself with mud. You have driven away the swan and have held a crow in your hands. Setting aside the sacred river water you have drunk the well-water (kūpa-udaka). Losing the sun you have clung to the glowworm in all earnestness. [...]”.
Source: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: The Purana IndexKūpā (कूपा).—A river of the Śuktimat.*
- * Vāyu-purāṇa 45. 107.
Kūpa (कूप) refers to the name of a Tīrtha (pilgrim’s destination) mentioned in the Mahābhārata (cf. ). Note: The Mahābhārata (mentioning Kūpa) is a Sanskrit epic poem consisting of 100,000 ślokas (metrical verses) and is over 2000 years old.
The Purana (पुराण, purāṇas) refers to Sanskrit literature preserving ancient India’s vast cultural history, including historical legends, religious ceremonies, various arts and sciences. The eighteen mahapuranas total over 400,000 shlokas (metrical couplets) and date to at least several centuries BCE.
Ayurveda (science of life)
Toxicology (Study and Treatment of poison)
Source: Shodhganga: Kasyapa Samhita—Text on Visha ChikitsaKūpa (कूप) refers to a “well”, as taught in the Kāśyapa Saṃhitā: an ancient Sanskrit text from the Pāñcarātra tradition dealing with both Tantra and Viṣacikitsā—an important topic from Āyurveda which deals with the study of Toxicology (Agadatantra or Sarpavidyā).—The Kāśyapasaṃhitā mentions that snake-bites that happen in certain places [like an unused well (jīrṇa-kūpa)] are highly inimical to the victim.
Unclassified Ayurveda definitions
Source: archive.org: Vagbhata’s Ashtanga Hridaya Samhita (first 5 chapters)Kūpa (कूप) refers to “(water from) wells”, as mentioned in verse 5.13-14 of the Aṣṭāṅgahṛdayasaṃhitā (Sūtrasthāna) by Vāgbhaṭa.—Accordingly, “[...] as concerns (water from) wells [viz., kūpa], ponds, etc., one should know (if it comes) from jungle, swamp, or rock. No water or, in case of incapability, little (is) to be drunk by those suffering from weak digestion and visceral induration (and) by those suffering from jaundice, abdominal swellings, diarrhea, hemorrhoids, dysentery, and cutaneous swellings. Except in autumn and summer, even a healthy man shall drink only little”.
Āyurveda (आयुर्वेद, ayurveda) is a branch of Indian science dealing with medicine, herbalism, taxology, anatomy, surgery, alchemy and related topics. Traditional practice of Āyurveda in ancient India dates back to at least the first millenium BC. Literature is commonly written in Sanskrit using various poetic metres.
Vastushastra (architecture)
Source: OpenEdition books: Architectural terms contained in Ajitāgama and RauravāgamaKūpa (कूप) refers to “well § 5.10.”.—(For paragraphs cf. Les enseignements architecturaux de l'Ajitāgama et du Rauravāgama by Bruno Dagens)
Vastushastra (वास्तुशास्त्र, vāstuśāstra) refers to the ancient Indian science (shastra) of architecture (vastu), dealing with topics such architecture, sculpture, town-building, fort building and various other constructions. Vastu also deals with the philosophy of the architectural relation with the cosmic universe.
Shaktism (Shakta philosophy)
Source: Google Books: ManthanabhairavatantramKūpa (कूप) refers to a “well”, according to the Manthānabhairavatantra, a vast sprawling work that belongs to a corpus of Tantric texts concerned with the worship of the goddess Kubjikā.—Accordingly, “[...] (May) those who are engaged in union (yoga) with the Yoginīs, the adepts (sādhaka) intent on (the observance of the) Rule, the Siddhas, apprentices, teachers and yogis intent on spiritual discipline, (the beings) in the town or village, in the forest, the confluence of rivers, or in a well [i.e., vāpī-kūpa], (at the foot of a) solitary tree or in a cremation ground, the Circle of Mothers and those who are of many forms as well as those who are born of the earth and everyone else, may they, well pleased, always accept the bali”.
Shakta (शाक्त, śākta) or Shaktism (śāktism) represents a tradition of Hinduism where the Goddess (Devi) is revered and worshipped. Shakta literature includes a range of scriptures, including various Agamas and Tantras, although its roots may be traced back to the Vedas.
Jyotisha (astronomy and astrology)
Source: Wisdom Library: Brihat Samhita by VarahamihiraKūpa (कूप) refers to a “well”, according to the Bṛhatsaṃhitā (chapter 9), an encyclopedic Sanskrit work written by Varāhamihira mainly focusing on the science of ancient Indian astronomy astronomy (Jyotiṣa).—Accordingly, “If she [=Venus] should pass through the constellation of Hasta, the Kauravas and painters will suffer; there will be no rain; well-diggers and birds will suffer [i.e., kūpa-kṛt-aṇḍaja-pīḍā]. If she should enter the constellation of Citrā, there will be good rain. If she should enter the constellation of Svāti, there will be much rain; servants, merchants and boatmen will become wicked and lawless. If she should enter the constellation of Viśākhā, there will be good rain and tradesmen will suffer”.
Jyotisha (ज्योतिष, jyotiṣa or jyotish) refers to ‘astronomy’ or “Vedic astrology” and represents the fifth of the six Vedangas (additional sciences to be studied along with the Vedas). Jyotisha concerns itself with the study and prediction of the movements of celestial bodies, in order to calculate the auspicious time for rituals and ceremonies.
Shaivism (Shaiva philosophy)
Source: Brill: Śaivism and the Tantric TraditionsKūpa (कूप) refers to “wells”, according to Kṣemarāja’s commentary on the Svacchandatantra verse 4.85.—Accordingly, “The mundane path is the observance according to śruti and smṛti. The sacred rites [consist of] such actions as bathing at a sacred site and giving away food. The meritorious acts are [the donations and setting up of] such things as wells (kūpa), tanks and monasteries for ascetics”.
Shaiva (शैव, śaiva) or Shaivism (śaivism) represents a tradition of Hinduism worshiping Shiva as the supreme being. Closely related to Shaktism, Shaiva literature includes a range of scriptures, including Tantras, while the root of this tradition may be traced back to the ancient Vedas.
Yoga (school of philosophy)
Source: ORA: Amanaska (king of all yogas): A Critical Edition and Annotated Translation by Jason BirchKūpa (कूप) refers to a “well”, according to the Vijñānabhairavatantra verse 115.—Accordingly, [while teaching contemplative techniques]: “Having stood above a great hole such as a well (kūpa), an immediate absorption of the mind clearly and completely arises for [the Yogin] whose mind is free of thoughts because of gazing [into it]”.
Yoga is originally considered a branch of Hindu philosophy (astika), but both ancient and modern Yoga combine the physical, mental and spiritual. Yoga teaches various physical techniques also known as āsanas (postures), used for various purposes (eg., meditation, contemplation, relaxation).
In Buddhism
Mahayana (major branch of Buddhism)
Source: Wisdom Library: Maha Prajnaparamita SastraKūpa (कूप) refers to a “well” (i.e., filled with water), according to Mahāprajñāpāramitāśāstra (chapter 21).—Accordingly, “The immoral person is not respected (satkṛta) by people; his house is like a cemetery into which people do not go; he loses all his virtues like a rotten tree that people despise; he is like a frozen lotus that gives people no pleasure to see; filled with evil thoughts, he is dreadful like a demon; people do not turn to him, no more than a thirsty man goes to a poisoned well (kūpa); his mind is always disturbed like a guilty man who always fears the approach of punishment; he is like a field (kṣetra) covered with hailstones over which nobody can venture; [...] Even though he is called Bhikṣu because he has a shaved head, the yellow robe and presents his ‘ticket’ in the proper order, in reality he is not a Bhikṣu”.
Source: academia.edu: A Study and Translation of the GaganagañjaparipṛcchāKūpa (कूप) refers to “(hair) pores”, according to the Gaganagañjaparipṛcchā: the eighth chapter of the Mahāsaṃnipāta (a collection of Mahāyāna Buddhist Sūtras).—Accordingly as The Lord said: “O Śāriputra, in the buddha-field of the Tathāgata Ekaratnavyūha, there is a Bodhisattva, the great being Gaganagañja who is resplendent by the splendor of merit (puṇya-tejas), [...] who has proclaimed the dharma from all hair-pores (sarva-roma-kūpa-dharmākhyāna)) in accordance with individual suitabilities as adorned with the dharma, has attained all qualities of a buddha on the palm of his hand as adorned with manifestation, has illuminated all buddha-fields as adorned with splendor, [...]”.
Source: De Gruyter: A Buddhist Ritual Manual on AgricultureKūpa (कूप) refers to a “well” (suitable for performing offering ceremonies), according to the Vajratuṇḍasamayakalparāja, an ancient Buddhist ritual manual on agriculture from the 5th-century (or earlier), containing various instructions for the Sangha to provide agriculture-related services to laypeople including rain-making, weather control and crop protection.—Accordingly [as the Bhagavān taught the detailed offering-manual], “At the time of drought one should prepare a maṇḍala with clay and cow dung measuring three hastas on a mountain, in a forest, at a monastery, a spring, a pool, a tank, a well (kūpa), a lake, or the residence of the Nāgas. One should dig a hole measuring a hasta in the middle of the maṇḍalaka. [...]”.
Mahayana (महायान, mahāyāna) is a major branch of Buddhism focusing on the path of a Bodhisattva (spiritual aspirants/ enlightened beings). Extant literature is vast and primarely composed in the Sanskrit language. There are many sūtras of which some of the earliest are the various Prajñāpāramitā sūtras.
In Jainism
General definition (in Jainism)
Source: The University of Sydney: A study of the Twelve ReflectionsKūpa (कूप) refers to a “pit (of darkness)”, according to the 11th century Jñānārṇava, a treatise on Jain Yoga in roughly 2200 Sanskrit verses composed by Śubhacandra.—Accordingly, “Travelling living beings, fettered very tightly by numerous chains such as women, etc., fall into a deep pit of darkness (kūpa—andhamahākūpe) called life”.
Jainism is an Indian religion of Dharma whose doctrine revolves around harmlessness (ahimsa) towards every living being. The two major branches (Digambara and Svetambara) of Jainism stimulate self-control (or, shramana, ‘self-reliance’) and spiritual development through a path of peace for the soul to progess to the ultimate goal.
India history and geography
Source: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Indian Epigraphical GlossaryKūpa.—(Ep. Ind., Vol. VII, p. 46, note 8), an ordinary well; cf. vāpī which is a well with a flight of stairs. Note: kūpa is defined in the “Indian epigraphical glossary” as it can be found on ancient inscriptions commonly written in Sanskrit, Prakrit or Dravidian languages.
The history of India traces the identification of countries, villages, towns and other regions of India, as well as mythology, zoology, royal dynasties, rulers, tribes, local festivities and traditions and regional languages. Ancient India enjoyed religious freedom and encourages the path of Dharma, a concept common to Buddhism, Hinduism, and Jainism.
Biology (plants and animals)
Source: Google Books: CRC World Dictionary (Regional names)Kupa in Nigeria is the name of a plant defined with Calotropis procera in various botanical sources. This page contains potential references in Ayurveda, modern medicine, and other folk traditions or local practices It has the synonym Apocynum syriacum Garsault (among others).
Example references for further research on medicinal uses or toxicity (see latin names for full list):
· Journal of Ethnopharmacology (2005)
· Mediators Inflamm. (2005)
· The Useful Plants of West Tropical Africa. (1985)
· Species Plantarum, ed. 4
· Autonomic & Autacoid Pharmacology (2007)
· Species Plantarum (1753)
If you are looking for specific details regarding Kupa, for example side effects, chemical composition, diet and recipes, health benefits, extract dosage, pregnancy safety, have a look at these references.
This sections includes definitions from the five kingdoms of living things: Animals, Plants, Fungi, Protists and Monera. It will include both the official binomial nomenclature (scientific names usually in Latin) as well as regional spellings and variants.
Languages of India and abroad
Pali-English dictionary
Source: BuddhaSasana: Concise Pali-English Dictionarykūpa : (m.) a well; a cavity.
Source: Sutta: The Pali Text Society's Pali-English DictionaryKūpa, (m.) (Vedic kūpa, orig. curvature viz. (a) interior= cavity, cp. Lat. cupa, Gr. ku/pellon cup; also Gr. ku/mbh, Sk. kumbha;— (b) exterior=heap, cp. Ags. hēap, Ohg. heap, Sk. kūpa mast). 1. a pit, a cavity: akkhi° the socket of the eye M. I, 80, 245; DhsA. 306; gūtha° a cesspool D. II, 324; Sn. 279; Pv. II, 316; Pug. 36; miḷha° a pit for evacuations Pgdp 23, 24; loma° the root of the hair, a pore of the skin DA. I, 57; Vism. 262, 360; also in na loma-kūpamattaṃ pi not even a hairroot J. I, 31; III, 55; vacca°=gūtha° Vin. II, 141, 222. As a tank or a well: J. VI, 213; VvA. 305.—2. the mast of a boat J. III, 126; Miln. 363, 378. See next.
Pali is the language of the Tipiṭaka, which is the sacred canon of Theravāda Buddhism and contains much of the Buddha’s speech. Closeley related to Sanskrit, both languages are used interchangeably between religions.
Marathi-English dictionary
Source: DDSA: The Molesworth Marathi and English Dictionarykupā (कुपा).—m (kutupa S) A glass bottle of a particular description. 2 A fissile stone, a kind of selenite or gypsum.
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kūpa (कूप).—m (Or kupaṇa or kumpaṇa) A hedge or fence gen. of an enclosure. Pr. kūpa jara śēta khāūṃ lāgalā tara māladhanī kāya karīla? If the keeper himself devour the property, what resource is left to the owner?
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kūpa (कूप).—m (S) A dug pit. Gen. understood in the sense of Well, i. e. the common round well without steps. See the compounds andhakūpa, jalakūpa, dhānyakūpa, śuṣkakūpa, śaucakūpa.
Source: DDSA: The Aryabhusan school dictionary, Marathi-Englishkupā (कुपा) [-ppā, -प्पा].—m A glass bottle. A state fissile.
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kūpa (कूप).—m A dug pit; a well. A hedge.
Marathi is an Indo-European language having over 70 million native speakers people in (predominantly) Maharashtra India. Marathi, like many other Indo-Aryan languages, evolved from early forms of Prakrit, which itself is a subset of Sanskrit, one of the most ancient languages of the world.
Sanskrit dictionary
Source: DDSA: The practical Sanskrit-English dictionaryKupa (कुप).—Ved. The beam or lever of a pair of scales.
Derivable forms: kupaḥ (कुपः).
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Kūpa (कूप).—[kuvanti maṇḍūkā asmin, ku-pak dīrghaśca Uṇādi-sūtra 3.27]
1) A well; कूपे पश्य पयोनिधावपि घटो गृह्णाति तुल्यं जलम् (kūpe paśya payonidhāvapi ghaṭo gṛhṇāti tulyaṃ jalam) Bhartṛhari 2.49; so नितरां नीचोऽस्मीति त्वं खेदं कूप मा कदापि कृथाः । अत्यन्तसरस- हृदयो यतः परेषां गुणग्रहीतासि (nitarāṃ nīco'smīti tvaṃ khedaṃ kūpa mā kadāpi kṛthāḥ | atyantasarasa- hṛdayo yataḥ pareṣāṃ guṇagrahītāsi) Bv.1.9.; प्रोद्दीप्ते भवने तु कूपखननं प्रत्युद्यमः कीदृशः (proddīpte bhavane tu kūpakhananaṃ pratyudyamaḥ kīdṛśaḥ) Bhartṛhari 3.88.
2) A hole, cave, hollow, cavity; as in रोमकूप (romakūpa); Śiśupālavadha 7.74.
3) A leather oil-vessel.
4) A post to which a ship is moored.
5) A tree or rock in the midst of a river.
6) A mast.
7) A pore, root; हृष्यन्ति रोमकूपाणि (hṛṣyanti romakūpāṇi) Mahābhārata (Bombay) 6.112.16; Śiśupālavadha 13.13.
-pī 1 A small well.
2) A flask, bottle.
3) The navel.
Derivable forms: kūpaḥ (कूपः).
Source: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Shabda-Sagara Sanskrit-English DictionaryKūpa (कूप).—m.
(-paḥ) 1. A well. 2. A hole, a hollow. 3. A mast. 4. A tree or rock in the midst of a river. f. (-pī) 1. A small well. 2. The navel. 3. A flask, a bottle. E. ku to sound, (frogs croaking in a well, &c.) and pa Unadi affix: the vowel is made long; also kūpaka.
Source: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Benfey Sanskrit-English DictionaryKūpa (कूप).—m. 1. A pit, Mahābhārata 1, 716. 2. A well, [Mānavadharmaśāstra] 4, 202.
Source: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Cappeller Sanskrit-English DictionaryKupa (कुप).—[masculine] beam of a pair of scales.
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Kūpa (कूप).—[masculine] hole, cave, well.
Source: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Monier-Williams Sanskrit-English Dictionary1) Kupa (कुप):—[from kup] m. the beam or lever of a pair of scales, [Śatapatha-brāhmaṇa; Kātyāyana-śrauta-sūtra]
2) [v.s. ...] field-lark, [Nighaṇṭuprakāśa]
3) Kūpa (कूप):—m. ([from] 1. ku and ap?; cf. anūpa, dvīpa), a hole, hollow, cave, [Ṛg-veda i, 105, 17; Atharva-veda; Śatapatha-brāhmaṇa] etc.
4) a pit well, [Śāṅkhāyana-gṛhya-sūtra; Manu-smṛti; Mṛcchakaṭikā] etc.
5) a post to which a boat or ship is moored, [cf. Lexicographers, esp. such as amarasiṃha, halāyudha, hemacandra, etc.]
6) a mast, [cf. Lexicographers, esp. such as amarasiṃha, halāyudha, hemacandra, etc.]
7) a tree or rock in the midst of a river, [cf. Lexicographers, esp. such as amarasiṃha, halāyudha, hemacandra, etc.]
8) a leather oil vessel, [cf. Lexicographers, esp. such as amarasiṃha, halāyudha, hemacandra, etc.]
9) = mṛn-māna, [cf. Lexicographers, esp. such as amarasiṃha, halāyudha, hemacandra, etc.]
Source: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Yates Sanskrit-English DictionaryKūpa (कूप):—(paḥ) 1. m. A well; a hole; a mast; a tree or rock in a river. f. (pī) Small well; flask; navel.
Source: DDSA: Paia-sadda-mahannavo; a comprehensive Prakrit Hindi dictionary (S)Kūpa (कूप) in the Sanskrit language is related to the Prakrit words: Kūya, Kuva, Kūvaga, Kūvaya.
[Sanskrit to German]
Sanskrit, also spelled संस्कृतम् (saṃskṛtam), is an ancient language of India commonly seen as the grandmother of the Indo-European language family (even English!). Closely allied with Prakrit and Pali, Sanskrit is more exhaustive in both grammar and terms and has the most extensive collection of literature in the world, greatly surpassing its sister-languages Greek and Latin.
Hindi dictionary
Source: DDSA: A practical Hindi-English dictionaryKūpa (कूप) [Also spelled kup]:—(nm) a well; a deep pit; —[maṃḍūka] lit. frog of a well—a know-little, one confined within narrow limits of experience and knowledge.
...
Kannada-English dictionary
Source: Alar: Kannada-English corpusKūpa (ಕೂಪ):—[noun] a man who loves (a woman); a lover.
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Kūpa (ಕೂಪ):—
1) [noun] a depressed part or place; a hollow; a depression.
2) [noun] a hole or shaft sunk into the earth to tap an underground supply of water, gas, oil, etc; a well.
3) [noun] a tall spar or, now often, a hollow metal structure, sometimes in sections, rising vertically from the keel or deck of a vessel and used to support the sails, yards, radar and radio equipment, etc.; a mast of a vessel.
4) [noun] (fig.) a filthy condition, entanglement, etc.
Kannada is a Dravidian language (as opposed to the Indo-European language family) mainly spoken in the southwestern region of India.
See also (Relevant definitions)
Starts with (+88): Kupa-rope, Kupabila, Kupaca, Kupacakra, Kupachakra, Kupaciya, Kupaciyamaram, Kupacupa, Kupada, Kupadanda, Kupadardura, Kupadarshaka, Kupadha, Kupadijalasthanalakshana, Kupaiyam, Kupaja, Kupajala, Kupajalodvahana, Kupaka, Kupakacchapa.
Ends with (+39): Akkhikupa, Amdhakupa, Andhakupa, Ankupa, Bekupa, Carmakupa, Catuh-samudrika-kupa, Chatuh-samudrika-kupa, Dharmakupa, Ekaromakupa, Gandakupa, Gayakupa, Guthakupa, Jalakupa, Jirnakupa, Kandarpakupa, Kanthakupa, Kanyakupa, Katikupa, Kavitamritakupa.
Full-text (+140): Andhakupa, Pratikupa, Romakupa, Kupam, Tanukupa, Mahakupa, Kupakara, Lomakupa, Kupamanduka, Kupanga, Kaupa, Mrimana, Kupaka, Kupika, Kandarpakupa, Kupakhanaka, Kuparajya, Upakupajalashaya, Kupadanda, Kupakha.
Relevant text
Search found 41 books and stories containing Kupa, Kūpa, Kūpā, Kupā; (plurals include: Kupas, Kūpas, Kūpās, Kupās). You can also click to the full overview containing English textual excerpts. Below are direct links for the most relevant articles:
Garga Samhita (English) (by Danavir Goswami)
Verse 6.15.9 < [Chapter 15 - The Glories of Nṛga-kūpa and Gopī-bhūmi]
Verses 6.15.12-14 < [Chapter 15 - The Glories of Nṛga-kūpa and Gopī-bhūmi]
Verse 4.17.8 < [Chapter 17 - Prayers to Srī Yamunā]
Chaitanya Bhagavata (by Bhumipati Dāsa)
Verse 1.9.120 < [Chapter 9 - Nityānanda’s Childhood Pastimes and Travels to Holy Places]
Verse 3.3.249 < [Chapter 3 - Mahāprabhu’s Deliverance of Sarvabhauma, Exhibition of His Six-armed Form, and Journey to Bengal]
Verse 3.3.237 < [Chapter 3 - Mahāprabhu’s Deliverance of Sarvabhauma, Exhibition of His Six-armed Form, and Journey to Bengal]
Vastu-shastra (4): Palace Architecture (by D. N. Shukla)
Bhakti-rasamrta-sindhu (by Śrīla Rūpa Gosvāmī)
Verse 3.2.11 < [Part 2 - Affection and Service (dāsya-rasa)]
Verse 2.1.237 < [Part 1 - Ecstatic Excitants (vibhāva)]
Vakyapadiya of Bhartrihari (by K. A. Subramania Iyer)
Verse 2.169 < [Book 2 - Vākya-kāṇḍa]
Rig Veda (translation and commentary) (by H. H. Wilson)
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