In Hinduism

Natyashastra (theatrics and dramaturgy)

Source: Wisdom Library: Nāṭya-śāstra

Kāku (काकु) refers to “intonation”. According to the Nāṭyaśāstra, it is part of the ‘vocal representation’ (vācika), which is used in communicating the meaning of the drama and calling forth the sentiment (rasa). The term is used throughout nāṭyaśāstra literature.

There are two ways of intonation (kāku) defined:

1. sākāṅkṣa (with expectancy),
2. nirākāṅkṣa (without expectancy).

Source: Academia.edu: The Nāṭyaśāstra: the Origin of the Ancient Indian Poetics

The two kinds of intonation (kāku) were divided into apprehensive (sākāṃkṣa) and expressing an absence of anticipation (nirāsākāṃkṣa)

context information

Natyashastra (नाट्यशास्त्र, nāṭyaśāstra) refers to both the ancient Indian tradition (shastra) of performing arts, (natya—theatrics, drama, dance, music), as well as the name of a Sanskrit work dealing with these subjects. It also teaches the rules for composing Dramatic plays (nataka), construction and performance of Theater, and Poetic works (kavya).

Kavyashastra (science of poetry)

Source: Shodhganga: The Kavyavilasa of Ciranjiva Bhattacarya (kavyashastra)

Kāku (काकु, “intonation”) is defined by Cirañjīva Bhaṭṭācārya (fl. 17th century), while defining vakrokti-alaṃkāra in his Kāvyavilāsa:—“kākuḥ śiraścālananyāyaḥ”. So kāku means the moving of head. But when the natural voice of one is changed to speak something it is also called kāku. According to Mammaṭa (K.P. IX/103) when a speaker says something in one sense and the hearer accepts it in a different sense, due to the working of paronomasia (śleṣa) andintonation (kākū), it is the figure vakrokti.

context information

Kavyashastra (काव्यशास्त्र, kāvyaśāstra) refers to the ancient Indian tradition of poetry (kavya). Canonical literature (shastra) of the includes encyclopedic manuals dealing with prosody, rhetoric and various other guidelines serving to teach the poet how to compose literature.

In Jainism

General definition (in Jainism)

Source: The University of Sydney: A study of the Twelve Reflections

Kāku (काकु) refers to a “tone of distress”, according to the commentary on the 11th century Jñānārṇava (verse 2.1), a treatise on Jain Yoga in roughly 2200 Sanskrit verses composed by Śubhacandra.—Accordingly, “Is one not disturbed by [family] attachments? Is this body not cut down by diseases? Does death not open its mouth? Do calamities not do harm every day [com.—‘do harm (drohaṃ kurvanti). What is said in every case (sarvatra) is to be uttered (yojyā) with a tone of distress (kāku)’]? Are hells not dreadful? Are not sensual pleasures deceiving like a dream? Because of which, having discarded one’s own benefit, you have a desire for the world which is like a city of Kiṃnaras”.

context information

Jainism is an Indian religion of Dharma whose doctrine revolves around harmlessness (ahimsa) towards every living being. The two major branches (Digambara and Svetambara) of Jainism stimulate self-control (or, shramana, ‘self-reliance’) and spiritual development through a path of peace for the soul to progess to the ultimate goal.

Biology (plants and animals)

Source: Google Books: CRC World Dictionary (Regional names)

1) Kaku in Central African Republic is the name of a plant defined with Lophira alata in various botanical sources. This page contains potential references in Ayurveda, modern medicine, and other folk traditions or local practices It has the synonym Lophira alata var. procera (A. Chev.) Burtt Davy (among others).

2) Kaku in Ivory Coast is also identified with Marantochloa leucantha It has the synonym Clinogyne rubescens Gagnep. (etc.).

Example references for further research on medicinal uses or toxicity (see latin names for full list):

· Naturlichen Pflanzenfamilien, Nachtr. (1897)
· Bulletin de la Société Botanique de France (1860)
· Annales Botanici Fennici (2005)
· Supplementum carpologiae. . . . 3: 52, t. 188. 1805, A General History of the Dichlamydeous Plants 1: 814. 1831 and Journal of Botany, British and Foreign 15: 186–188. 1901, Exploration Botanique de l’Afrique Occidentale Française ... 5: 154. 1909, Journal of Natural Products 69(8): 1206–1208. 2006, (1805)
· Scripta Botanica Belgica (2006)
· Parasitology Research (2010)

If you are looking for specific details regarding Kaku, for example pregnancy safety, diet and recipes, chemical composition, side effects, extract dosage, health benefits, have a look at these references.

context information

This sections includes definitions from the five kingdoms of living things: Animals, Plants, Fungi, Protists and Monera. It will include both the official binomial nomenclature (scientific names usually in Latin) as well as regional spellings and variants.

Languages of India and abroad

Pali-English dictionary

Source: BuddhaSasana: Concise Pali-English Dictionary

kaku : (m.) a knot; summit; projecting corner; hump.

Source: Sutta: The Pali Text Society's Pali-English Dictionary

Kaku, (Brh. kakud, cp. kākud hollow, curvature, Lat. cacumen, & cumulus) a peak, summit, projecting corner S. I, 100 (where satakkatu in Text has to be corrected to satakkaku: megho thanayaṃ vijjumālā satakkaku. Com. explanation sikhara, kūṭa) A. III, 34 (=AA 620~kūṭa). Cp. satakkaku & Morris, J. P. T. S. 1891—93, 5. (Page 173)

context information

Pali is the language of the Tipiṭaka, which is the sacred canon of Theravāda Buddhism and contains much of the Buddha’s speech. Closeley related to Sanskrit, both languages are used interchangeably between religions.

Marathi-English dictionary

Source: DDSA: The Molesworth Marathi and English Dictionary

kāku (काकु).—f S One of the forms of a proposition--that in which, through the interrogative or other tone of utterance, the sense intended is shown to be opposite to the sense literally expressed. Ex. mī kāya samajata nāhīṃ parantu mī nirupāya hōtōṃ i. e. I do understand; tō kāya murkha āhēṃ i. e. He is not a fool; hē hōṇāra nāhīṃ i. e. This assuredly will be.

--- OR ---

kākū (काकू).—v vulgarly kākūsa f C A respectful compellation for a paternal aunt, an elderly cousin, or other elderly female person.

Source: DDSA: The Aryabhusan school dictionary, Marathi-English

kākū (काकू).—f A respectful compellation for a paternal aunt.

context information

Marathi is an Indo-European language having over 70 million native speakers people in (predominantly) Maharashtra India. Marathi, like many other Indo-Aryan languages, evolved from early forms of Prakrit, which itself is a subset of Sanskrit, one of the most ancient languages of the world.

Sanskrit dictionary

Source: DDSA: The practical Sanskrit-English dictionary

Kāku (काकु).—f.

1) Change of the voice under different emotions, such as fear, grief, anger; 'काकुः स्त्रियां विकारो यः शोकभीत्यादिभिर्ध्वनेः (kākuḥ striyāṃ vikāro yaḥ śokabhītyādibhirdhvaneḥ)' Ak. भिन्नकण्ठध्वनिर्धीरैः काकुरित्यभि- धीयते (bhinnakaṇṭhadhvanirdhīraiḥ kākurityabhi- dhīyate) S. D. अलीककाकुकरणकुशलताम् (alīkakākukaraṇakuśalatām) K.222; कामे कान्ते सार- सिकाकाकुरुतेन (kāme kānte sāra- sikākākurutena) Śiśupālavadha 6.76. (Hence)

2) A word of negation used in such a manner that it implies the contrary (affirmative), as in questions of appeal (in such cases intended meaning is suggested by a change of the voice.); cf. Pañcatantra (Bombay) 1.146.

3) Muttering, murmuring.

4) Tongue काकुर्जिह्वा सास्मिन्नुद्यत इति काकुदम् (kākurjihvā sāsminnudyata iti kākudam) Mahābhārata on P.I.1.1.

5) Stress, emphasis.

Derivable forms: kākuḥ (काकुः).

Source: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Shabda-Sagara Sanskrit-English Dictionary

Kāku (काकु).—f.

(-kuḥ) 1. Change of voice in fear, grief, &c. 2. Muttering, murmuring. 3. The tongue. E. kak to deride, uṇ affix, deriv. irr.

Source: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Benfey Sanskrit-English Dictionary

Kāku (काकु).—f. Change of voice in fear, grief, etc.; [Vikramorvaśī, (ed. Bollensen.)] [distich] 42, asmākam ...pratidinam iyam...sevākākupariṇatir abhūt, My lot is to be obliged by my office to use every day another voice.

Source: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Cappeller Sanskrit-English Dictionary

Kāku (काकु).—[feminine] wail, lamentation, emphatic speech.

Source: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Monier-Williams Sanskrit-English Dictionary

1) Kāku (काकु):—f. a peculiar tone or change of the voice resulting from distress or fear or anger or grief etc., [Uṇādi-sūtra i, 1; Sāhitya-darpaṇa]

2) a cry of sorrow, complaint, lamentation, [Vikramorvaśī 42]

3) stress, emphasis, [Naiṣadha-carita]

4) the tongue, [cf. Lexicographers, esp. such as amarasiṃha, halāyudha, hemacandra, etc.]

5) muttering, murmuring, [Horace H. Wilson] (cf. śevākāku.)

Source: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Yates Sanskrit-English Dictionary

Kāku (काकु):—(kuḥ) 2. f. Change of voice in fear; muttering; the tongue.

[Sanskrit to German]

Kaku in German

context information

Sanskrit, also spelled संस्कृतम् (saṃskṛtam), is an ancient language of India commonly seen as the grandmother of the Indo-European language family (even English!). Closely allied with Prakrit and Pali, Sanskrit is more exhaustive in both grammar and terms and has the most extensive collection of literature in the world, greatly surpassing its sister-languages Greek and Latin.

Hindi dictionary

Source: DDSA: A practical Hindi-English dictionary

Kāku (काकु):—(nm) a peculiar tone; (resulting from distress or fear or anger etc.); sarcasm; an oblique unwelcome remark.

context information

...

Kannada-English dictionary

Source: Alar: Kannada-English corpus

Kāku (ಕಾಕು):—[noun] the state of having lost one’s strength and patience from continuous irritation or trouble.

--- OR ---

Kāku (ಕಾಕು):—[noun] the pungent smothering, smell of onion, garlic etc.

--- OR ---

Kāku (ಕಾಕು):—

1) [noun] a change in the voice, indicative of the emotion like fear, grief, anger, etc. under which it was produced.

2) [noun] embelishment of a mode in music emphasising certain phrases and gamakas (subtle movements) particular to that mode.

3) [noun] a voice or word used to mean different form or contrary to the literary meaning of what is said or written; a sarcasm.

4) [noun] the nativity in a word or passage, particular to a region.

5) [noun] uttering of words in a low indistrinct voice in grumbling, hostility or dislike.

6) [noun] an imprecation expressing hatred, anger, vexation, etc.; a curse.

7) [noun] loss, waste, uselessness; wastage.

8) [noun] that which is of low quality or which is of low worth.

9) [noun] a man of mean or base mentality.

10) [noun] that which causes loss, distruction; evil.

11) [noun] a false statement made with the intention of deceiving or misleading; a lie; falsehood; untruth.

12) [noun] ಕಾಕಬಳಸು [kakabalasu] kāka baḷasu to swerve from the right path or rectitude; 2. to miscalculate (in avoiding a danger); to judge wrongly; 3. to utter bad words; to speak ill; to remark sarcastically; ಕಾಕನಾಡು [kakanadu] kākanāḍu to make a false statement; to lie; to talk pervasively; ಕಾಕಾಗು [kakagu] kākāgu to be spoiled; to become useless or worthless; ಕಾಕುಮಾಡಿಸು [kakumadisu] kākumāḍisu to cause to injure the form or beauty; to cause to disfigure, deform or currupt; ಕಾಕುಮಾಡು [kakumadu] kākumāḍu to spoil; to destroy; to corrupt.

--- OR ---

Kāku (ಕಾಕು):—

1) [noun] a loud cry.

2) [noun] a shrill, sudden cry as in fear or pain; an outcry; shriek.

3) [noun] a mode in blowing the flute; ಕಾಕುಹಾಕು [kakuhaku] kākuhāku to cry out in a loud shrill voice to make a whistling sound.

--- OR ---

Kāku (ಕಾಕು):—[verb] to lose one’s strength from or as from heat; (?).

--- OR ---

Kākū (ಕಾಕೂ):—[noun] one’s father’s younger brotheṛs wife.

context information

Kannada is a Dravidian language (as opposed to the Indo-European language family) mainly spoken in the southwestern region of India.

Tamil dictionary

Source: DDSA: University of Madras: Tamil Lexicon

Kāku (காகு) noun < kāku. Modulation of voice which indicates an implied meaning; கூறப் படாதபொருளைத் தரக்கூடிய சொல்லின் ஓசைவேறு பாடு. [kurap padathaporulaith tharakkudiya sollin osaiveru padu.] (திருக்குறள் [thirukkural], 1318, உரை. [urai.])

context information

Tamil is an ancient language of India from the Dravidian family spoken by roughly 250 million people mainly in southern India and Sri Lanka.

See also (Relevant definitions)

Starts with (+135): Ka-kuenal, Kaku-ran, Kakub, Kakubabolo, Kakubala, Kakubandhagama, Kakubandhakandara, Kakubbhanda, Kakubh, Kakubha, Kakubhabarhata, Kakubhadamti, Kakubhadani, Kakubhadini, Kakubhagrama, Kakubhah, Kakubhakara, Kakubhamaya, Kakubhata, Kakubhavasana.

Ends with: Calakkaku, Hrasvakaku, Kakaku, Makaku, Satakaku, Satakkaku, Sevakaku, Yeddunulakaku.

Full-text (+8): Madanakakurava, Ekamatya, Sevakaku, Sridaku, Kagu, Kaagu, Perim-kaku-valli, Kakuvakrokti, Matana-kakuravam, Kaku-ran, Kakuvac, Kataku, Kamakakurava, Krishaku, Varttaku, Satakaku, Dhvanivikara, Kushaku, Kakkartha, Pridaku.

Relevant text

Search found 16 books and stories containing Kaku, Kaagu, Kagu, Kāku, Kākū; (plurals include: Kakus, Kaagus, Kagus, Kākus, Kākūs). You can also click to the full overview containing English textual excerpts. Below are direct links for the most relevant articles:

Kavyamimamsa of Rajasekhara (Study) (by Debabrata Barai)

Part 4.2 - Ascertaintion and Division of Kāku (poetic intonation) < [Chapter 5 - Analyasis and Interpretations of the Kāvyamīmāṃsā]

Part 5 - Vakrokti theory and position of the Kāvyamīmāṃsā < [Chapter 4 - Position of the Kāvyamīmāṃsā in Sanskrit Poetics]

Alaṃkāra (1): Vakrokti < [Chapter 3 - Contribution of Rājaśekhara to Sanskrit Poetics]

+ 6 more chapters / show preview

Sahitya-kaumudi by Baladeva Vidyabhushana (by Gaurapada Dāsa)

Text 5.14 < [Chapter 5 - Second-rate Poetry]

Text 9.1 [Vakrokti] < [Chapter 9 - Ornaments of Sound]

Text 9.3 < [Chapter 9 - Ornaments of Sound]

+ 3 more chapters / show preview

Chaitanya Bhagavata (by Bhumipati Dāsa)

Verse 3.4.223 < [Chapter 4 - Descriptions of Śrī Acyutānanda’s Pastimes and the Worship of Śrī Mādhavendra]

Verse 3.1.272 < [Chapter 1 - Meeting Again at the House of Śrī Advaita Ācārya]

Verse 3.5.691 < [Chapter 5 - The Pastimes of Nityānanda]

+ 10 more chapters / show preview

Bhajana-Rahasya (by Srila Bhaktivinoda Thakura Mahasaya)

Text 19 < [Chapter 5 - Pañcama-yāma-sādhana (Aparāhna-kālīya-bhajana–kṛṣṇa-āsakti)]

show preview

Brihad Bhagavatamrita (commentary) (by Śrī Śrīmad Bhaktivedānta Nārāyana Gosvāmī Mahārāja)

Verse 2.4.77 < [Chapter 4 - Vaikuṇṭha (the spiritual world)]

Verse 1.5.35 < [Chapter 5 - Priya (the beloved devotees)]

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Jain Science and Spirituality (by Medhavi Jain)

1.4. Acquaintance with the Soul < [Chapter 6 - Spirituality in Jainism]

3. Modern Books on Science, Spirituality and Philosophy < [Chapter 2 - Review of Literature]

1.1. Substance (Introduction) < [Chapter 5 - Science in Jainism]

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