Jnatri, Jñātṛ: 13 definitions
Introduction:
Jnatri means something in Buddhism, Pali, Hinduism, Sanskrit. If you want to know the exact meaning, history, etymology or English translation of this term then check out the descriptions on this page. Add your comment or reference to a book if you want to contribute to this summary article.
The Sanskrit term Jñātṛ can be transliterated into English as Jnatr or Jnatri, using the IAST transliteration scheme (?).
In Hinduism
Shaktism (Shakta philosophy)
Source: Google Books: ManthanabhairavatantramJñātṛ (ज्ञातृ) refers to the “knower”, according to Abhinava’s Tantrāloka verse 3.125-126.—Accordingly, “The cognizing subject (mātṛ) is a state of consciousness independent of the consonance of the instrumental means (upāya of knowledge) such as the object of knowledge and the rest (and is self-established in the immediacy of the awareness that:) ‘I am’ (and so latently containing within itself all knowledge) is the knower (jñātṛ) like one who knows the scriptures (but having no desire to explain them remains silent). ”.
Shakta (शाक्त, śākta) or Shaktism (śāktism) represents a tradition of Hinduism where the Goddess (Devi) is revered and worshipped. Shakta literature includes a range of scriptures, including various Agamas and Tantras, although its roots may be traced back to the Vedas.
Shaivism (Shaiva philosophy)
Source: Brill: Śaivism and the Tantric Traditions (philosophy)Jñātṛ (ज्ञातृ) refers to the “knowing subject”, according to the Īśvarapratyabhijñākārikā 1.1.2.—Accordingly, “What conscious Self could produce either a refutation or a demonstration [of the existence] of the agent (kartṛ), the knowing subject (jñātṛ), the always already established Self, the Great Lord?”
Shaiva (शैव, śaiva) or Shaivism (śaivism) represents a tradition of Hinduism worshiping Shiva as the supreme being. Closely related to Shaktism, Shaiva literature includes a range of scriptures, including Tantras, while the root of this tradition may be traced back to the ancient Vedas.
Purana and Itihasa (epic history)
Source: archive.org: Shiva Purana - English TranslationJñātṛ (ज्ञातृ) refers to “learned persons”, according to the Śivapurāṇa 2.5.5 (“The Tripuras are fascinated).—Accordingly, as Arihan said to the Lord of the Three Cities: “[...] Supporters and exponents of the Vedas accept this as an authoritative Vedic text that no living being shall be injured. Violence is not justifiable. The Vedic text encouraging slaughter of animals cannot be held authoritative by the learned (jñātṛ). To say that violence is allowed in Agniṣṭoma is an erroneous view of the wicked. It is surprising that heaven is sought by cutting off trees, slaughtering animals, making a muddy mess with blood and by burning gingelly seeds and ghee”.
The Purana (पुराण, purāṇas) refers to Sanskrit literature preserving ancient India’s vast cultural history, including historical legends, religious ceremonies, various arts and sciences. The eighteen mahapuranas total over 400,000 shlokas (metrical couplets) and date to at least several centuries BCE.
General definition (in Hinduism)
Source: archive.org: Vedic index of Names and SubjectsJñātṛ (ज्ञातृ) occurs in two passages of the Atharvaveda and one of the Śāṅkhāyana Āraṇyaka with a somewhat obscure sense. Zimmer conjectures not unnaturally that the word is a technical term taken from law, meaning ‘witness.’ The reference is, perhaps, to a custom of carrying on transactions of business before witnesses as practised in other primitive societies. Roth suggests that the word has the sense of ‘surety.’ But Bloomfield and Whitney ignore these interpretations.
In Buddhism
Mahayana (major branch of Buddhism)
Source: Wisdom Library: Maha Prajnaparamita SastraJñātṛ (ज्ञातृ) refers to “that which is cognizant”, according to Mahāprajñāpāramitāśāstra (chapter 31).—Accordingly, “Without knowing if the ātman exists or does not exist, you are asking why one does not produce the idea of the ātman in regard to another. [The distinctions] between one’s own body (ātmakāya) and another’s body (parakāya) exist as a function of the Ātman. But the Ātman is non-existent. [The characteristics attributed to it]: having form (rūpin) or formless (arūpin), permanent (nitya) or impermanent (anitya), finite (antavat) or infinite (ananta), moveable (gantṛ) or motionless (agantṛ), cognizant (jñātṛ) or ignorant (ajñātṛ), active (kāraka) or inactive (akāraka), autonomous (svatantra) or non-autonomous (asvatantra): all these characteristics of the ātman do not exist, as we have said above in the chapter on the Ātman. [...]”.
Mahayana (महायान, mahāyāna) is a major branch of Buddhism focusing on the path of a Bodhisattva (spiritual aspirants/ enlightened beings). Extant literature is vast and primarely composed in the Sanskrit language. There are many sūtras of which some of the earliest are the various Prajñāpāramitā sūtras.
Languages of India and abroad
Sanskrit dictionary
Source: DDSA: The practical Sanskrit-English dictionaryJñātṛ (ज्ञातृ).—a. [jñā-tṛc] Knowing, intelligent, wise. -m.
1) A wise man.
2) An acquaintance.
3) A bail, surety.
Source: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Shabda-Sagara Sanskrit-English DictionaryJñātṛ (ज्ञातृ).—mfn. (-tā-trī-tṛ) Knowing, wise, intelligent, who or what knows. E. jñā to know, tṛc active aff.
Source: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Benfey Sanskrit-English DictionaryJñātṛ (ज्ञातृ).—[jñā + tṛ], m., f. trī, n. 1. One who knows, Mahābhārata 13, 7173. 2. A witness, [Mānavadharmaśāstra] 8, 57, v. r.
— Cf. [Latin] co-gnitor.
Source: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Cappeller Sanskrit-English DictionaryJñātṛ (ज्ञातृ).—[masculine] knower; acquaintance, witness.
Source: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Monier-Williams Sanskrit-English Dictionary1) Jñātṛ (ज्ञातृ):—[from jñā] mfn. one who knows or understands, a knower, [Chāndogya-upaniṣad viii, 5, 1; Kaṭha-upaniṣad] etc.
2) [v.s. ...] an acquaintance, (hence) a surety (cf. γνωστήρ), [Atharva-veda vi, 32, 3; viii, 8, 21]
3) [v.s. ...] a witness, [Manu-smṛti viii, 57] ([varia lectio] sākṣin).
Source: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Yates Sanskrit-English DictionaryJñātṛ (ज्ञातृ):—[(tā-trī-tṛ) a.] Knowing.
Source: DDSA: Paia-sadda-mahannavo; a comprehensive Prakrit Hindi dictionary (S)Jñātṛ (ज्ञातृ) in the Sanskrit language is related to the Prakrit words: Ṇāu, Muṇira.
Sanskrit, also spelled संस्कृतम् (saṃskṛtam), is an ancient language of India commonly seen as the grandmother of the Indo-European language family (even English!). Closely allied with Prakrit and Pali, Sanskrit is more exhaustive in both grammar and terms and has the most extensive collection of literature in the world, greatly surpassing its sister-languages Greek and Latin.
Kannada-English dictionary
Source: Alar: Kannada-English corpusJñātṛ (ಜ್ಞಾತೃ):—[adjective] knowing; perceiving; learning.
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Jñātṛ (ಜ್ಞಾತೃ):—[noun] a man who is well-informed, learned, learning or capable of learning.
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Jñātri (ಜ್ಞಾತ್ರಿ):—[noun] a woman who is well-informed, learned, learning or capable of learning.
Kannada is a Dravidian language (as opposed to the Indo-European language family) mainly spoken in the southwestern region of India.
See also (Relevant definitions)
Starts with: Jnatridharmakathanga, Jnatridharmakathangasutra, Jnatrika, Jnatrinishtha, Jnatrinishthavada, Jnatritva.
Ends with: Ajnatri, Avijnatri, Parijnatri, Prajnatri, Prakashakajnatri, Prakashakaprajnatri, Samjnatri, Sarvajnatri, Vijnatri.
Full-text (+9): Prakashakajnatri, Sarvajnatri, Parijnatri, Ajnatri, Sarvajnatritva, Jnatritva, Nau, Aprajnatra, Munira, Prajnatri, Samjnatri, Vijnatri, Karttri, Pratishtha, Matri, Kundapura, Atmakaya, Ananta, Rupi, Asvatantra.
Relevant text
Search found 11 books and stories containing Jnatri, Jñātṛ, Jnatr, Jñātri; (plurals include: Jnatris, Jñātṛs, Jnatrs, Jñātris). You can also click to the full overview containing English textual excerpts. Below are direct links for the most relevant articles:
Jain Remains of Ancient Bengal (by Shubha Majumder)
Tīrthaṅkara Mahāvīra (Introduction) < [Chapter 6 - Iconographic Study of Jaina Sculptural Remains]
Historical development of Jainism (Introduction) < [Chapter 3 - Historical Background of Jainism in Ancient Bengal]
Kalpa-sutra (Lives of the Jinas) (by Hermann Jacobi)
Sahitya-kaumudi by Baladeva Vidyabhushana (by Gaurapada Dāsa)
Text 2.30 < [Chapter 2 - The Natures of Words (śabda)]
Brahma Sutras (Ramanuja) (by George Thibaut)
Nescience cannot be terminated by the simple act of cognising Brahman as the universal self < [First Adhyaya, First Pada]
Brahma Sutras (Shankaracharya) (by George Thibaut)
Second Adhyāya < [Introduction]
Sutrakritanga (English translation) (by Hermann Jacobi)
Lecture 1, The Lotus < [Book 2]