Jnata, Jñāta, Jñātā, Jñātṛ, Jnatri: 32 definitions

Introduction
In Hinduism
In Buddhism
1. Mahayana
In Jainism
1. General definition
Languages
1. Marathi
2. Sanskrit
3. Hindi
4. Kannada
5. Nepali
See also

Introduction:

Jnata means something in Buddhism, Pali, Hinduism, Sanskrit, Jainism, Prakrit, Marathi, Hindi. If you want to know the exact meaning, history, etymology or English translation of this term then check out the descriptions on this page. Add your comment or reference to a book if you want to contribute to this summary article.

The Sanskrit term Jñātṛ can be transliterated into English as Jnatr or Jnatri, using the IAST transliteration scheme (?).

Alternative spellings of this word include Gyat.

In Hinduism

Shaktism (Shakta philosophy)

Source: Google Books: Manthanabhairavatantram

1) Jñātṛ (ज्ञातृ) refers to the “knower”, according to Abhinava’s Tantrāloka verse 3.125-126.—Accordingly, “The cognizing subject (mātṛ) is a state of consciousness independent of the consonance of the instrumental means (upāya of knowledge) such as the object of knowledge and the rest (and is self-established in the immediacy of the awareness that:) ‘I am’ (and so latently containing within itself all knowledge) is the knower (jñātṛ) like one who knows the scriptures (but having no desire to explain them remains silent). ”.

2) Jñāta (ज्ञात) means “having experienced”, according to the Kubjikāmatatantra: the earliest popular and most authoritative Tantra of the Kubjikā cult.—Accordingly, “As long as one has not experienced (jñāta) the Accomplishment of Speech and the Arousal of the Body of (an accomplished) yogi, one will not be happy here in this world, and is bound in the next and (so) should not initiate (others). This is the Command of the Supreme Goddess”.

context information

Shakta (शाक्त, śākta) or Shaktism (śāktism) represents a tradition of Hinduism where the Goddess (Devi) is revered and worshipped. Shakta literature includes a range of scriptures, including various Agamas and Tantras, although its roots may be traced back to the Vedas.

Shaiva philosophy

Source: Brill: Śaivism and the Tantric Traditions (philosophy)

Jñātṛ (ज्ञातृ) refers to the “knowing subject”, according to the Īśvarapratyabhijñākārikā 1.1.2.—Accordingly, “What conscious Self could produce either a refutation or a demonstration [of the existence] of the agent (kartṛ), the knowing subject (jñātṛ), the always already established Self, the Great Lord?”

context information

Purana and Itihasa (epic history)

Source: archive.org: Shiva Purana - English Translation

Jñātṛ (ज्ञातृ) refers to “learned persons”, according to the Śivapurāṇa 2.5.5 (“The Tripuras are fascinated).—Accordingly, as Arihan said to the Lord of the Three Cities: “[...] Supporters and exponents of the Vedas accept this as an authoritative Vedic text that no living being shall be injured. Violence is not justifiable. The Vedic text encouraging slaughter of animals cannot be held authoritative by the learned (jñātṛ). To say that violence is allowed in Agniṣṭoma is an erroneous view of the wicked. It is surprising that heaven is sought by cutting off trees, slaughtering animals, making a muddy mess with blood and by burning gingelly seeds and ghee”.

context information

The Purana (पुराण, purāṇas) refers to Sanskrit literature preserving ancient India’s vast cultural history, including historical legends, religious ceremonies, various arts and sciences. The eighteen mahapuranas total over 400,000 shlokas (metrical couplets) and date to at least several centuries BCE.

Pancaratra (worship of Nārāyaṇa)

Source: archive.org: Catalogue of Pancaratra Agama Texts

Jñātā (ज्ञाता) refers to “(one who is the) Knower”, as discussed in chapter 14 of the Lakṣmītantra: a Pāñcarātra text comprising some 3600 Sanskrit verses exclusively devoted to Goddess Lakṣmī or Śrī (the consort of Viṣṇu) besides dealing with cosmology and practical regarding Vaishnava priests and temple-building programs.—Description of the chapter [lakṣmīsvarūpa-prakāśa]: Lakṣmī says that she is both Knower [jñātā] and known [jñeya], hence she can be reflected in the intellects of human beings whose comprehension is limited. The entire epistemological process, indeed, is due to the fact that Lakṣmī so wills for man to be able to think on her. The bulk of the chapter (1-58) is concerned with discussing how the object of knowledge, which is in one sense different from the knower (jñātā), is accommodated to the mind of the knower. Once again is ascribed to Lakṣmī the facility to effect this identification between that which is to be known and him who knows. The logic of the argument here is to demonstrate that all things known and knowable lead back to Lakṣmī, who is-in this regard-pure Knowledge, its Source and its object as well as the dynamic operating between these.

context information

Pancaratra (पाञ्चरात्र, pāñcarātra) represents a tradition of Hinduism where Narayana is revered and worshipped. Closeley related to Vaishnavism, the Pancaratra literature includes various Agamas and tantras incorporating many Vaishnava philosophies.

Vedanta (school of philosophy)

Source: Wikisource: Ashtavakra Gita

Jñātṛ (ज्ञातृ) refers to the “knower”, according to the Aṣṭāvakragītā (5th century BC), an ancient text on spirituality dealing with Advaita-Vedānta topics.—Accordingly, [as Janaka says to Aṣṭavakra]: “[...] So now abandoning the body and everything else, by some good fortune or other my true self becomes apparent. [...] Knowledge, what is to be known, and the knower (jñātṛ)—these three do not exist in reality [jñānaṃ jñeyaṃ tathā jñātā tritayaṃ nāsti vāstavam]. I am the spotless reality in which they appear because of ignorance. Truly dualism is the root of suffering. There is no other remedy for it than the realization that all this that we see is unreal, and that I am the one stainless reality, consisting of consciousness. [...]”.

context information

Vedanta (वेदान्त, vedānta) refers to a school of orthodox Hindu philosophy (astika), drawing its subject-matter from the Upanishads. There are a number of sub-schools of Vedanta, however all of them expound on the basic teaching of the ultimate reality (brahman) and liberation (moksha) of the individual soul (atman).

General definition (in Hinduism)

Source: Wisdom Library: Hinduism

Jñāta (ज्ञात):—Sanskrit word meaning “understanding through knowledge”.

Source: archive.org: Vedic index of Names and Subjects

Jñātṛ (ज्ञातृ) occurs in two passages of the Atharvaveda and one of the Śāṅkhāyana Āraṇyaka with a somewhat obscure sense. Zimmer conjectures not unnaturally that the word is a technical term taken from law, meaning ‘witness.’ The reference is, perhaps, to a custom of carrying on transactions of business before witnesses as practised in other primitive societies. Roth suggests that the word has the sense of ‘surety.’ But Bloomfield and Whitney ignore these interpretations.

In Buddhism

Mahayana (major branch of Buddhism)

Source: Wisdom Library: Maha Prajnaparamita Sastra

Jñātṛ (ज्ञातृ) refers to “that which is cognizant”, according to Mahāprajñāpāramitāśāstra (chapter 31).—Accordingly, “Without knowing if the ātman exists or does not exist, you are asking why one does not produce the idea of the ātman in regard to another. [The distinctions] between one’s own body (ātmakāya) and another’s body (parakāya) exist as a function of the Ātman. But the Ātman is non-existent. [The characteristics attributed to it]: having form (rūpin) or formless (arūpin), permanent (nitya) or impermanent (anitya), finite (antavat) or infinite (ananta), moveable (gantṛ) or motionless (agantṛ), cognizant (jñātṛ) or ignorant (ajñātṛ), active (kāraka) or inactive (akāraka), autonomous (svatantra) or non-autonomous (asvatantra): all these characteristics of the ātman do not exist, as we have said above in the chapter on the Ātman. [...]”.

context information

Mahayana (महायान, mahāyāna) is a major branch of Buddhism focusing on the path of a Bodhisattva (spiritual aspirants/ enlightened beings). Extant literature is vast and primarely composed in the Sanskrit language. There are many sūtras of which some of the earliest are the various Prajñāpāramitā sūtras.

In Jainism

General definition (in Jainism)

Source: archive.org: Trisastisalakapurusacaritra

Jñāta (ज्ञात) refers to a sub-division of the Jātyārya class of Āryas (one of the two types of human beings), taking birth in the “middle world” (madhyaloka), according to chapter 2.3 [ajitanātha-caritra] of Hemacandra’s 11th century Triṣaṣṭiśalākāpuruṣacaritra: an ancient Sanskrit epic poem narrating the history and legends of sixty-three illustrious persons in Jainism.

Accordingly:—“In these 35 zones on this side of Mānuṣottara and in the Antaradvīpas, men arise by birth; [...]. From the division into Āryas and Mlecchas they are two-fold. The Āryas have sub-divisions: kṣetra (country), jāti (caste), kula (family), karma (work), śilpa (craft), and bhāṣā (language). [...] The Jātyāryas are the Ikṣvākus, Jñātas, Haris, Videhas, Kurus, Ugras, Bhojas, and Rājanyas”.

context information

Jainism is an Indian religion of Dharma whose doctrine revolves around harmlessness (ahimsa) towards every living being. The two major branches (Digambara and Svetambara) of Jainism stimulate self-control (or, shramana, ‘self-reliance’) and spiritual development through a path of peace for the soul to progess to the ultimate goal.

Languages of India and abroad

Marathi-English dictionary

Source: DDSA: The Molesworth Marathi and English Dictionary

jñāta (ज्ञात).—p (S) Understood or known.

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jñāta (ज्ञात).—f (jñāti S) A caste or tribe: also a kind or sort.

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jñātā (ज्ञाता).—a (S) That understands or knows. 2 That knows fully or well; an intelligent and wise person.

Source: DDSA: The Aryabhusan school dictionary, Marathi-English

jñāta (ज्ञात).—p Known, understood.

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jñāta (ज्ञात) [-ti, -ति].—f A caste or tribe; a kind.

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jñātā (ज्ञाता).—a That knows; an intelligent and wise person.

context information

Marathi is an Indo-European language having over 70 million native speakers people in (predominantly) Maharashtra India. Marathi, like many other Indo-Aryan languages, evolved from early forms of Prakrit, which itself is a subset of Sanskrit, one of the most ancient languages of the world.

Sanskrit dictionary

Source: DDSA: The practical Sanskrit-English dictionary

Jñāta (ज्ञात).—a. [jñā-karmaṇi-kta] Known, ascertained, understood, learnt, comprehended &c.; आज्ञापय ज्ञातविशेष पुंसां (ājñāpaya jñātaviśeṣa puṃsāṃ) Kumārasambhava 3.3; see ज्ञा (jñā) above.

-tam Knowledge.

Source: DDSA: The practical Sanskrit-English dictionary

Jñātṛ (ज्ञातृ).—a. [jñā-tṛc] Knowing, intelligent, wise. -m.

1) A wise man.

2) An acquaintance.

3) A bail, surety.

Source: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Edgerton Buddhist Hybrid Sanskrit Dictionary

Jñāta (ज्ञात).—[, wrong reading for jñātra, q.v.]

Source: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Shabda-Sagara Sanskrit-English Dictionary

Jñāta (ज्ञात).—mfn.

(-taḥ-tā-taṃ) Known, comprehended, understood fully. E. jñā to know, affix karmaṇi kta.

Source: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Shabda-Sagara Sanskrit-English Dictionary

Jñātṛ (ज्ञातृ).—mfn. (-tā-trī-tṛ) Knowing, wise, intelligent, who or what knows. E. jñā to know, tṛc active aff.

Source: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Benfey Sanskrit-English Dictionary

Jñatā (ज्ञता).—[jña + tā], f. 1. Knowledge, [Yājñavalkya, (ed. Stenzler.)] 3, 142. When latter part of comp. words, tā is the aff. of the comp., e. g. haya-jña + tā, Knowledge of horses and their management, [Nala] 19, 26.

Source: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Benfey Sanskrit-English Dictionary

Jñātṛ (ज्ञातृ).—[jñā + tṛ], m., f. trī, n. 1. One who knows, Mahābhārata 13, 7173. 2. A witness, [Mānavadharmaśāstra] 8, 57, v. r.

— Cf. [Latin] co-gnitor.

Source: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Cappeller Sanskrit-English Dictionary

Jñatā (ज्ञता).—[feminine] jñatva [neuter], jñapti [feminine] [abstract] to [preceding]

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Jñāta (ज्ञात).—[adjective] known, understood, learnt, noticed; thought to be ([nominative]).

— āṃ jñātam Ah! I know; mayā jñātam I was of opinion.

Source: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Cappeller Sanskrit-English Dictionary

Jñātṛ (ज्ञातृ).—[masculine] knower; acquaintance, witness.

Source: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Monier-Williams Sanskrit-English Dictionary

1) Jñatā (ज्ञता):—[=jña-tā] [from jña > jñā] f. intelligence, [Yājñavalkya iii, 142; Nyāya [Scholiast or Commentator]]

2) Jñata (ज्ञत):—[=jña-ta] [from jña-tā > jña > jñā] mfn. ifc. knowledge of [Nalopākhyāna xix, 24.]

3) Jñāta (ज्ञात):—[from jñā] mfn. known, ascertained, comprehended, perceived, understood, [Atharva-veda xix, 15, 6; Śatapatha-brāhmaṇa] etc. (āṃjñātam ‘Ah! I know’ [Mṛcchakaṭikā i, 6/7; Śakuntalā] etc.)

4) [v.s. ...] meant (mayā jñātam, ‘I meant’), [Kādambarī vi, 995]

5) [v.s. ...] taken for ([nominative case]), [Pañcatantra i, 2, 2]

6) [v.s. ...] known as ([nominative case]) to ([genitive case]), [Vopadeva v, 27]

7) [v.s. ...] m. [plural] Name of Mahā-vīra’s family, [Jaina literature]

Source: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Monier-Williams Sanskrit-English Dictionary

1) Jñātṛ (ज्ञातृ):—[from jñā] mfn. one who knows or understands, a knower, [Chāndogya-upaniṣad viii, 5, 1; Kaṭha-upaniṣad] etc.

2) [v.s. ...] an acquaintance, (hence) a surety (cf. γνωστήρ), [Atharva-veda vi, 32, 3; viii, 8, 21]

3) [v.s. ...] a witness, [Manu-smṛti viii, 57] ([varia lectio] sākṣin).

Source: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Yates Sanskrit-English Dictionary

Jñāta (ज्ञात):—[(taḥ-tā-taṃ) a.] Known.

Source: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Yates Sanskrit-English Dictionary

Jñātṛ (ज्ञातृ):—[(tā-trī-tṛ) a.] Knowing.

Source: DDSA: Paia-sadda-mahannavo; a comprehensive Prakrit Hindi dictionary (S)

Jñāta (ज्ञात) in the Sanskrit language is related to the Prakrit words: Jāṇia, Ṇāya, Muṇia.

Source: DDSA: Paia-sadda-mahannavo; a comprehensive Prakrit Hindi dictionary (S)

Jñātṛ (ज्ञातृ) in the Sanskrit language is related to the Prakrit words: Ṇāu, Muṇira.

[Sanskrit to German]

Jnata in German

context information

Sanskrit, also spelled संस्कृतम् (saṃskṛtam), is an ancient language of India commonly seen as the grandmother of the Indo-European language family (even English!). Closely allied with Prakrit and Pali, Sanskrit is more exhaustive in both grammar and terms and has the most extensive collection of literature in the world, greatly surpassing its sister-languages Greek and Latin.

Hindi dictionary

Source: DDSA: A practical Hindi-English dictionary

1) Jñāta (ज्ञात) [Also spelled gyat]:—(a) known; comprehended; ~[yauvanā] traditionally, a heroine conscious of her blooming youth.

2) Jñātā (ज्ञाता) [Also spelled gyata]:—(nm and a) (one) who knows; a scholar; learned (person).

context information

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Kannada-English dictionary

Source: Alar: Kannada-English corpus

Jñāta (ಜ್ಞಾತ):—[adjective] knowing; perceiving; learning.

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Jñāta (ಜ್ಞಾತ):—[noun] a well-informed, learned man.

Source: Alar: Kannada-English corpus

Jñātṛ (ಜ್ಞಾತೃ):—[adjective] knowing; perceiving; learning.

--- OR ---

Jñātṛ (ಜ್ಞಾತೃ):—[noun] a man who is well-informed, learned, learning or capable of learning.

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Jñātri (ಜ್ಞಾತ್ರಿ):—[noun] a woman who is well-informed, learned, learning or capable of learning.

context information

Kannada is a Dravidian language (as opposed to the Indo-European language family) mainly spoken in the southwestern region of India.

Nepali dictionary

Source: unoes: Nepali-English Dictionary

Jñātā (ज्ञाता):—adj. 1. experienced; respected; 2. expert; specialist;

context information

Nepali is the primary language of the Nepalese people counting almost 20 million native speakers. The country of Nepal is situated in the Himalaya mountain range to the north of India.

Relevant text

Search found 104 books and stories containing Jnata, Jna-ta, Jña-tā, Jña-ta, Jñāta, Jñatā, Jñātā, Jñata, Jñātṛ, Jnatr, Jñātri, Jnatri; (plurals include: Jnatas, tas, tās, Jñātas, Jñatās, Jñātās, Jñatas, Jñātṛs, Jnatrs, Jñātris, Jnatris). You can also click to the full overview containing English textual excerpts. Below are direct links for the most relevant articles:

Verse 3.6.34 < [Chapter 6 - The Test of Śrī Kṛṣṇa]

Verse 2.8.35 < [Chapter 8 - Description of Seeing Lord Kṛṣṇa]

Verse 6.4.12 < [Chapter 4 - Journey to the City of Kuṇḍina]

+ 5 more chapters / show preview

Verse 2.1.124 < [Chapter 1 - Vairāgya (renunciation)]

Verse 2.4.53-54 < [Chapter 4 - Vaikuṇṭha (the spiritual world)]

Verse 1.6.82 < [Chapter 6 - Priyatama (the most beloved devotees)]

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Verse 3.14.525-527 < [Book 3 - Pada-kāṇḍa (14): Vṛtti-samuddeśa (On Ccomplex Formation)]

Verse 2.132 < [Book 2 - Vākya-kāṇḍa]

Verse 1.112-113 < [Book 1 - Brahma-kāṇḍa (or Āgama-samuccaya)]

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