Jiu bu jing, Jiǔ bù jīng: 4 definitions
Introduction:
Jiu bu jing means something in Buddhism, Pali. If you want to know the exact meaning, history, etymology or English translation of this term then check out the descriptions on this page. Add your comment or reference to a book if you want to contribute to this summary article.
In Buddhism
Chinese Buddhism
九部經 [jiu bu jing]—Nine of the Hīnayāna twelve classes of sūtras, that is, all except the 方廣 [fang guang], 授記 [shou ji] and 無門自說 [wu men zi shuo]. Generally the term is thus interpreted, but there is also a Mahāyāna division of nine of the twelve sūtras, i.e. all except the 緣起 [yuan qi], 譬喩 [pi yu], 論議 [lun yi]. These are: sūtras, the Buddha's sermons; geyas, metrical pieces; vyākaraṇas, prophecies; gāthās, chants or poems; udāṇas, impromptu or unsolicited addresses; ityuktas, or itivṛttakas, marratives; jātakas, stories of former lives of Buddha, etc.; vaipulyas, expanded sūtras, etc.; adbhutadharmas, miracles, etc.; v. 十二部經 [shi er bu jing].
[The following represents an unverified English translation. For all purposes consult the original Chinese text.]
九部經 [jiu bu jing]—The Nine Divisions of Scriptures
【Definition】 A classification of the content of Buddhist scriptures (佛經 [fu jing]), comprising nine types:
(一 [yi]) (1) Sūtra (修多羅 [xiu duo luo]), (2) Geya (祇夜 [qi ye]), (3) Vyākaraṇa (和伽羅那 [he jia luo na]), (4) Gāthā (伽陀 [jia tuo]), (5) Udāna (優陀那 [you tuo na]), (6) Itivṛttaka (伊帝目多伽 [yi di mu duo jia]), (7) Jātaka (闍陀伽 [du tuo jia]), (8) Vaipulya (毘佛略 [pi fu lue]), (9) Adbhūtadharma (阿浮陀達磨 [a fu tuo da mo]).
The third volume of the Nirvāṇa Sūtra (涅槃經 [nie pan jing]) states: "Able to roar like a lion and extensively preach the wonderful Dharma, namely Sūtra, Geya, Vyākaraṇa (受記 [shou ji]), Gāthā, Udāna, Itivṛttaka, Jātaka, Vaipulya, and Adbhūtadharma; these nine divisions of scriptures (典 [dian]) are extensively preached for others." The fifth volume also states: "The 'half-word' refers to the nine divisions of scriptures." The seventh volume further states: "The Tathāgata first preached the nine divisions of Dharma seals (九部法印 [jiu bu fa yin])." It also says: "Beyond the nine divisions of scriptures, there are Vaipulya scriptures (方等典 [fang deng dian])." This implies that Hinayana scriptures (小乘經 [xiao cheng jing]) contain only these nine divisions, thus classifying the nine divisions of scriptures as Hinayana (小乘 [xiao cheng]).
However, texts such as the first volume of Da Cheng Yi Zhang (大乘義章 [da cheng yi zhang]) and the second volume of Fa Yuan Yi Lin Zhang (法苑義林章 [fa yuan yi lin zhang]) state that the nine divisions are a content classification within Mahayana scriptures (大乘經 [da cheng jing]). It is said that among the Twelve Divisions of Scriptures (十二部經 [shi er bu jing]), Bodhisattvas (菩薩 [pu sa]) of Mahayana (大乘 [da cheng]) do not commit transgressions, and therefore there is no Nidāna (尼陀那 [ni tuo na], i.e., causes and conditions/narrative of origin 緣起 [yuan qi]). Their faculties (機根 [ji gen]) are superior, so there is no Avadāna (阿波陀那 [a bo tuo na], i.e., parables 譬喻 [pi yu]). There is no need for inquiry and answers, so there is no Upadeśa (優波提舍 [you bo ti she], i.e., discussions/treatises 論議 [lun yi]).
Nevertheless, the names of these nine divisions are consistent with those transmitted in the South (南方所傳 [nan fang suo chuan]), suggesting that the classification of the nine divisions as Hinayana scriptures, as stated in the Nirvāṇa Sūtra, seems beyond doubt. But among the nine divisions in the Nirvāṇa Sūtra, the eighth is Vaipulya (毘佛略 [pi fu lue]). Vaipulya (Vaipuya) is translated as "extensive" (方廣 [fang guang]) or "equal and extensive" (方等 [fang deng]), and is usually taken as an alternative name for Mahayana. Therefore, classifying these nine divisions as Mahayana scriptures also has its basis. What is transmitted in the South does not include this Vaipulya, replacing it with Vedana (毘陀略 [pi tuo lue], Vedaa) as the ninth. Vedana means "broken" or "holding light" and "gaining light," which is different from the meaning of Vaipulya. The inclusion of Vaipulya in the Nirvāṇa Sūtra's nine divisions is probably a scribal error for Vedana. Otherwise, the statement "beyond the nine divisions of scriptures, there are Vaipulya scriptures" would entirely lose its meaning. Since it states that beyond the nine divisions of scriptures there are Vaipulya (i.e., 方等 [fang deng]) scriptures, then Vaipulya should not be present within the nine divisions.
(二 [er]) (1) Sūtra (修多羅 [xiu duo luo]), (2) Geya (祇夜 [qi ye]), (3) Vyākaraṇa (和伽羅那 [he jia luo na]), (4) Gāthā (伽陀 [jia tuo]), (5) Udāna (優陀那 [you tuo na]), (6) Nidāna (尼陀那 [ni tuo na]), (7) Itivṛttaka (伊帝目陀伽 [yi di mu tuo jia]), (8) Vaipulya (毘佛略 [pi fu lue]), (9) Adbhūtadharma (阿浮陀達磨 [a fu tuo da mo]).
The ninth chapter "Recollection of the Buddha" of the Daśabhūmika-vibhāṣā-śāstra (十住毘婆沙論 [shi zhu pi po sha lun]) states: "Well-preached are the nine divisions of scripture Dharma, namely Sūtra, Geya, Vyākaraṇa (授記 [shou ji]), Gāthā, Udāna (憂陀那 [you tuo na]), Nidāna, Itivṛttaka (如是語經 [ru shi yu jing]), Vaipulya (斐肥儸 [fei fei luo]), and Adbhūtadharma (未曾有經 [wei ceng you jing])." This removes Jātaka (闍陀伽 [du tuo jia]) from the Nirvāṇa Sūtra's nine divisions and adds Nidāna.
(三 [san]) (1) Sūtra (修多羅 [xiu duo luo]), (2) Geya (祇夜 [qi ye]), (3) Gāthā (伽陀 [jia tuo]), (4) Nidāna (尼陀那 [ni tuo na]), (5) Avadāna (阿波陀那 [a bo tuo na]), (6) Itivṛttaka (伊帝目多伽 [yi di mu duo jia]), (7) Jātaka (闍陀伽 [du tuo jia]), (8) Adbhūtadharma (阿浮陀達磨 [a fu tuo da mo]), (9) Upadeśa (優波提舍 [you bo ti she]).
The first chapter "Expedient Means" of the Lotus Sūtra (法華經 [fa hua jing]) states: "Or preaching Sūtra, Gāthā, and Purva-yoga (本事 [ben shi]). Jātaka (本生 [ben sheng]) and Adbhūtadharma; also preaching Nidāna (因緣 [yin yuan]). Avadāna (譬喻 [pi yu]) and Geya, and Upadeśa scriptures." It also says: "My nine divisions of scriptures are preached in accordance with sentient beings. Entering Mahayana is the root, therefore, these scriptures are preached." These have been traditionally transmitted as the nine divisions of Hinayana. It is said that among the twelve divisions of scriptures, Hinayana does not clearly understand the meaning of practicing causes to attain Buddhahood, therefore there is no Vyākaraṇa (和伽羅那 [he jia luo na], i.e., prophecy/prediction of Buddhahood 授記 [shou ji]). The Dharma is shallow and easy to consult, therefore there is no Udāna (優陀那 [you tuo na], i.e., spontaneous utterances/preached without being asked 無問自說 [wu wen zi shuo]). It does not reveal extensive principles, therefore there is no Vaipulya (毘佛略 [pi fu lue], i.e., extensive/equal and extensive 方廣 [fang guang]).
九部經—【名數】佛經之內容分類,有九種也:(一)一修多羅,二祇夜,三和伽羅那,四伽陀,五優陀那,六伊帝目多伽,七闍陀伽,八毘佛略,九阿浮陀達磨。涅槃經第三曰:「能師子吼廣說妙法,謂修多羅、祇夜、受記、伽陀、優陀那、伊帝目多伽、闍陀伽、毘佛略、阿浮陀達磨,以如是等九部經典,為他廣說。」又第五曰:「半字者謂九部經。」又第七曰:「如來先說九部法印。」又曰:「過九部經有方等典。」是即小乘經中唯有九部之意,乃以九部經為小乘經之分類者也。然大乘義章第一,法苑義林章第二本等。謂以九部為大乘經中之內容分類,十二部經中,菩薩大乘之人,無犯戒等,故無尼陀那(即緣起),機根勝,故無阿波陀那(即譬喻),無徵詰問答之要,故無優波提舍(即論議)云。然此九部之名目,與南方所傳一致,則涅槃經所說,以九部為小乘經之分類,似不容疑。但涅槃九部中,第八有毘佛略。毘佛略 Vaipuya,譯言方廣,或方等,通常以之為大乘之異名,故以此九部為大乘經之分類,亦自有據。南方所傳者,無此毘佛略,代以毘陀略 Vedaa,置於第九,毘陀略有破碎或執明及獲明之義,與毘佛略之意不同。涅槃之九部中列毘佛略者,恐為毘陀略之寫誤也。若不然,則所謂過九部經有方等典者,不得不全陷於無意味。既言過九部經有方等(即毘佛略),則毘佛略不應存於九部中也。(二)修多羅,祇夜,和伽羅那,伽陀,優陀那,尼陀那,伊帝目陀伽,毘佛略,阿浮陀達磨也。十住毘婆沙論第九念佛品曰:「善說九部經法,所謂修多羅、祇夜、授記、伽陀、憂陀那、尼陀那、如是語經、斐肥儸、未曾有經。」是涅槃之九部中除闍陀伽加尼陀那也。(三)修多羅、祇夜、伽陀、尼陀那、阿波陀那、伊帝目多伽、闍陀伽、阿浮陀達磨、優波提舍也。法華經第一方便品曰:「或說修多羅,伽陀及本事。本生未曾有,亦說於因緣。譬喻并祇夜,優波提舍經。」又曰:「我此九部經,隨順眾生說。入大乘為本,以故說是經。」此古來傳為小乘之九部者。言十二部經中,小乘不明行因成佛之義,故無和伽羅那(即授記),法淺易諮,故無優陀那(即無問自說),未顯廣理,故無毘佛略(即方廣)也。
[míng shù] fú jīng zhī nèi róng fēn lèi, yǒu jiǔ zhǒng yě: (yī) yī xiū duō luó, èr qí yè, sān hé jiā luó nà, sì jiā tuó, wǔ yōu tuó nà, liù yī dì mù duō jiā, qī dū tuó jiā, bā pí fú lüè, jiǔ ā fú tuó dá mó. niè pán jīng dì sān yuē: “néng shī zi hǒu guǎng shuō miào fǎ, wèi xiū duō luó,, qí yè,, shòu jì,, jiā tuó,, yōu tuó nà,, yī dì mù duō jiā,, dū tuó jiā,, pí fú lüè,, ā fú tuó dá mó, yǐ rú shì děng jiǔ bù jīng diǎn, wèi tā guǎng shuō.” yòu dì wǔ yuē: “bàn zì zhě wèi jiǔ bù jīng.” yòu dì qī yuē: “rú lái xiān shuō jiǔ bù fǎ yìn.” yòu yuē: “guò jiǔ bù jīng yǒu fāng děng diǎn.” shì jí xiǎo chéng jīng zhōng wéi yǒu jiǔ bù zhī yì, nǎi yǐ jiǔ bù jīng wèi xiǎo chéng jīng zhī fēn lèi zhě yě. rán dà chéng yì zhāng dì yī, fǎ yuàn yì lín zhāng dì èr běn děng. wèi yǐ jiǔ bù wèi dà chéng jīng zhōng zhī nèi róng fēn lèi, shí èr bù jīng zhōng, pú sà dà chéng zhī rén, wú fàn jiè děng, gù wú ní tuó nà (jí yuán qǐ), jī gēn shèng, gù wú ā bō tuó nà (jí pì yù), wú zhēng jié wèn dá zhī yào, gù wú yōu bō tí shě (jí lùn yì) yún. rán cǐ jiǔ bù zhī míng mù, yǔ nán fāng suǒ chuán yī zhì, zé niè pán jīng suǒ shuō, yǐ jiǔ bù wèi xiǎo chéng jīng zhī fēn lèi, shì bù róng yí. dàn niè pán jiǔ bù zhōng, dì bā yǒu pí fú lüè. pí fú lüè Vaipuya, yì yán fāng guǎng, huò fāng děng, tōng cháng yǐ zhī wèi dà chéng zhī yì míng, gù yǐ cǐ jiǔ bù wèi dà chéng jīng zhī fēn lèi, yì zì yǒu jù. nán fāng suǒ chuán zhě, wú cǐ pí fú lüè, dài yǐ pí tuó lüè Vedaa, zhì yú dì jiǔ, pí tuó lüè yǒu pò suì huò zhí míng jí huò míng zhī yì, yǔ pí fú lüè zhī yì bù tóng. niè pán zhī jiǔ bù zhōng liè pí fú lüè zhě, kǒng wèi pí tuó lüè zhī xiě wù yě. ruò bù rán, zé suǒ wèi guò jiǔ bù jīng yǒu fāng děng diǎn zhě, bù dé bù quán xiàn yú wú yì wèi. jì yán guò jiǔ bù jīng yǒu fāng děng (jí pí fú lüè), zé pí fú lüè bù yīng cún yú jiǔ bù zhōng yě. (èr) xiū duō luó, qí yè, hé jiā luó nà, jiā tuó, yōu tuó nà, ní tuó nà, yī dì mù tuó jiā, pí fú lüè, ā fú tuó dá mó yě. shí zhù pí pó shā lùn dì jiǔ niàn fú pǐn yuē: “shàn shuō jiǔ bù jīng fǎ, suǒ wèi xiū duō luó,, qí yè,, shòu jì,, jiā tuó,, yōu tuó nà,, ní tuó nà,, rú shì yǔ jīng,, fěi féi luó,, wèi céng yǒu jīng.” shì niè pán zhī jiǔ bù zhōng chú dū tuó jiā jiā ní tuó nà yě. (sān) xiū duō luó,, qí yè,, jiā tuó,, ní tuó nà,, ā bō tuó nà,, yī dì mù duō jiā,, dū tuó jiā,, ā fú tuó dá mó,, yōu bō tí shě yě. fǎ huá jīng dì yī fāng biàn pǐn yuē: “huò shuō xiū duō luó, jiā tuó jí běn shì. běn shēng wèi céng yǒu, yì shuō yú yīn yuán. pì yù bìng qí yè, yōu bō tí shě jīng.” yòu yuē: “wǒ cǐ jiǔ bù jīng, suí shùn zhòng shēng shuō. rù dà chéng wèi běn, yǐ gù shuō shì jīng.” cǐ gǔ lái chuán wèi xiǎo chéng zhī jiǔ bù zhě. yán shí èr bù jīng zhōng, xiǎo chéng bù míng xíng yīn chéng fú zhī yì, gù wú hé jiā luó nà (jí shòu jì), fǎ qiǎn yì zī, gù wú yōu tuó nà (jí wú wèn zì shuō), wèi xiǎn guǎng lǐ, gù wú pí fú lüè (jí fāng guǎng) yě.
[ming shu] fu jing zhi nei rong fen lei, you jiu zhong ye: (yi) yi xiu duo luo, er qi ye, san he jia luo na, si jia tuo, wu you tuo na, liu yi di mu duo jia, qi du tuo jia, ba pi fu lue, jiu a fu tuo da mo. nie pan jing di san yue: "neng shi zi hou guang shuo miao fa, wei xiu duo luo,, qi ye,, shou ji,, jia tuo,, you tuo na,, yi di mu duo jia,, du tuo jia,, pi fu lue,, a fu tuo da mo, yi ru shi deng jiu bu jing dian, wei ta guang shuo." you di wu yue: "ban zi zhe wei jiu bu jing." you di qi yue: "ru lai xian shuo jiu bu fa yin." you yue: "guo jiu bu jing you fang deng dian." shi ji xiao cheng jing zhong wei you jiu bu zhi yi, nai yi jiu bu jing wei xiao cheng jing zhi fen lei zhe ye. ran da cheng yi zhang di yi, fa yuan yi lin zhang di er ben deng. wei yi jiu bu wei da cheng jing zhong zhi nei rong fen lei, shi er bu jing zhong, pu sa da cheng zhi ren, wu fan jie deng, gu wu ni tuo na (ji yuan qi), ji gen sheng, gu wu a bo tuo na (ji pi yu), wu zheng jie wen da zhi yao, gu wu you bo ti she (ji lun yi) yun. ran ci jiu bu zhi ming mu, yu nan fang suo chuan yi zhi, ze nie pan jing suo shuo, yi jiu bu wei xiao cheng jing zhi fen lei, shi bu rong yi. dan nie pan jiu bu zhong, di ba you pi fu lue. pi fu lue Vaipuya, yi yan fang guang, huo fang deng, tong chang yi zhi wei da cheng zhi yi ming, gu yi ci jiu bu wei da cheng jing zhi fen lei, yi zi you ju. nan fang suo chuan zhe, wu ci pi fu lue, dai yi pi tuo lue Vedaa, zhi yu di jiu, pi tuo lue you po sui huo zhi ming ji huo ming zhi yi, yu pi fu lue zhi yi bu tong. nie pan zhi jiu bu zhong lie pi fu lue zhe, kong wei pi tuo lue zhi xie wu ye. ruo bu ran, ze suo wei guo jiu bu jing you fang deng dian zhe, bu de bu quan xian yu wu yi wei. ji yan guo jiu bu jing you fang deng (ji pi fu lue), ze pi fu lue bu ying cun yu jiu bu zhong ye. (er) xiu duo luo, qi ye, he jia luo na, jia tuo, you tuo na, ni tuo na, yi di mu tuo jia, pi fu lue, a fu tuo da mo ye. shi zhu pi po sha lun di jiu nian fu pin yue: "shan shuo jiu bu jing fa, suo wei xiu duo luo,, qi ye,, shou ji,, jia tuo,, you tuo na,, ni tuo na,, ru shi yu jing,, fei fei luo,, wei ceng you jing." shi nie pan zhi jiu bu zhong chu du tuo jia jia ni tuo na ye. (san) xiu duo luo,, qi ye,, jia tuo,, ni tuo na,, a bo tuo na,, yi di mu duo jia,, du tuo jia,, a fu tuo da mo,, you bo ti she ye. fa hua jing di yi fang bian pin yue: "huo shuo xiu duo luo, jia tuo ji ben shi. ben sheng wei ceng you, yi shuo yu yin yuan. pi yu bing qi ye, you bo ti she jing." you yue: "wo ci jiu bu jing, sui shun zhong sheng shuo. ru da cheng wei ben, yi gu shuo shi jing." ci gu lai chuan wei xiao cheng zhi jiu bu zhe. yan shi er bu jing zhong, xiao cheng bu ming xing yin cheng fu zhi yi, gu wu he jia luo na (ji shou ji), fa qian yi zi, gu wu you tuo na (ji wu wen zi shuo), wei xian guang li, gu wu pi fu lue (ji fang guang) ye.
九部經 t = 九部经 s = jiǔ bù jīng p refers to [proper noun] “navāṅga; navāṅga-śāsana; navaṅga-sāsana; nava-vidha sūtrānta; nine kinds of teaching”; Domain: Buddhism 佛教 [fu jiao]; Notes: Sanskrit equivalent: navāṅga-śāsana, Pali: navaṅga-sāsana, Japanese: kubu kyō; this derives from the Sanskrit compound meaning navāṅga 九部 [jiu bu]'nine parts' + śāsana 'teaching'. The nine kinds according to Theravāda and Mahāyāna sources. In the Theravāda tradition the nine kinds are: 1. 修多羅 [xiu duo luo] sutta, 2. 祇夜 [qi ye] geyya 'mixed verses and prose', 3. 伽陀 [jia tuo] gāthā, 4. 受記 [shou ji] vyakarana 'predictions', 5. 優陀那 [you tuo na] udāna, 6. 如是語經 [ru shi yu jing] itivuttaka, 7. 本生 [ben sheng] jātaka, 8. 毘佛略 [pi fu lue] vedalla, and 9. 阿毗達磨 [a pi da mo] Abhidhamma. See 十二部經 [shi er bu jing] (BL 'navāṅga'; Buddhadatta 1958 'śāsana'; FGDB '九部經 [jiu bu jing]'; Hirakawa 31 '九部經 [jiu bu jing]', p. 77; MW 'zAsana'). .
Chinese Buddhism (漢傳佛教, hanchuan fojiao) is the form of Buddhism that developed in China, blending Mahayana teachings with Daoist and Confucian thought. Its texts are mainly in Classical Chinese, based on translations from Sanskrit. Major schools include Chan (Zen), Pure Land, Tiantai, and Huayan. Chinese Buddhism has greatly influenced East Asian religion and culture.
Languages of India and abroad
Chinese-English dictionary
九部經 [jiǔ bù jīng] refers to: “nine divisions of the canon”.
九部經 is further associated with the following language/terms:
[Related Chinese terms] 九分教; 九部; 九部修多羅.
[Sanskrit] nava-vidho sūtrānto; nava-vidhosūtrānto; navāṇga-śāsana.
[Pali] navaṅga sāsana; navaṇga-buddha-sāsana.
[Vietnamese] cửu bộ kinh.
[Korean] 구부경 / gubu gyeong.
[Japanese] クブキョウ / kubu kyō.
Chinese language.
See also (Relevant definitions)
Partial matches (+0): Jiu, Bu, Jiu bu, Jing, Bo.
Full-text (+0): Jiu jing, Jiu bu, Jiu fen jiao, Jiu bu fa, Cuu bo kinh, Navavidhosutranto, Navangabuddhasasana, Shi er bu jing, Navangashasana, Fang deng, Qi ye, You tuo na, Ben sheng, Jiu bu xiu duo luo, Ban zi, Yin jiu san shi wu guo, Er jiao.
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Hualin International Journal of Buddhist Studies
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