Jita, Jitā, Ji-ta, Jì tā, Jí tā, Jì tǎ, Jǐ tà: 29 definitions
Introduction:
Jita means something in Buddhism, Pali, Hinduism, Sanskrit, Jainism, Prakrit, the history of ancient India, Marathi, Hindi. If you want to know the exact meaning, history, etymology or English translation of this term then check out the descriptions on this page. Add your comment or reference to a book if you want to contribute to this summary article.
Alternative spellings of this word include Jit.
In Hinduism
Purana and Itihasa (epic history)
Jita (जित) refers to “being under the influence (of women)”, according to the Śivapurāṇa 2.3.35 (“The story of Padmā and Pippalāda”).—Accordingly, as Padmā (wife of sage Pippalāda) said to Dharma (in the guise of a king): “Away, away, go away you sinful king. If you cast your lustful ogles at me you will be doomed in a trice. How can I resort to you, lecherous and mad after women, after forsaking the excellent sage Pippalāda whose body is sanctified by austerities? By the very touch of a person under the influence of women (strī-jita-sparśa) all merits are destroyed. He is a great sinner. His very sight promotes sins. [...]”.
1a) Jita (जित).—One of the five sons of Yadu.*
- * Vāyu-purāṇa 94. 2.
1b) A sage of the XII epoch of Manu.*
- * Viṣṇu-purāṇa III. 2. 44.
1c) The Jayadevas of the Svāyambhuva epoch;1 sons of Brahmā.2
The Purana (पुराण, purāṇas) refers to Sanskrit literature preserving ancient India’s vast cultural history, including historical legends, religious ceremonies, various arts and sciences. The eighteen mahapuranas total over 400,000 shlokas (metrical couplets) and date to at least several centuries BCE.
Gitashastra (science of music)
Jita (जित, “subdued”) refers to one of the sixteen words that together make up the elā musical composition (prabandha), according to the Saṅgītaśiromaṇi 67-84. Elā is an important subgenre of song and was regarded as an auspicious and important prabandha (composition) in ancient Indian music (gāndharva). According to nirukta analysis, the etymological meaning of elā can be explained as follows: a represents Viṣṇu, i represents Kāmadeva, la represents Lakṣmī.
Jita is one of the sixteen words of elā and has a presiding deity named sumukhī (the fair-faced one) defined in the Saṅgītaśiromaṇi (“crest-jewel of music”), which is a 15th-century Sanskrit work on Indian musicology (gāndharvaśāstra).
Gitashastra (गीतशास्त्र, gītaśāstra) refers to the ancient Indian science of Music (gita or samgita), which is traditionally divided in Vocal music, Instrumental music and Dance (under the jurisdiction of music). The different elements and technical terms are explained in a wide range of (often Sanskrit) literature.
Ayurveda (science of life)
Jita (जित) refers to “subdued”, mentioned in verse 4.27 of the Aṣṭāṅgahṛdayasaṃhitā (Sūtrasthāna) by Vāgbhaṭa.—Accordingly, “[...] the humours are sometimes irritated after having been subdued [viz., jita] by fasting and cooking; with those, however, which (have been) purged by purgatives, no (such) reappearance (takes place)”.
Note: Jita (“subdued”) has been shifted to the end of the clause and rendered by bsal kyaṅ (“though removed”), a concessive sense being not necessarily implied by the Sanskrit.
Āyurveda (आयुर्वेद, ayurveda) is a branch of Indian science dealing with medicine, herbalism, taxology, anatomy, surgery, alchemy and related topics. Traditional practice of Āyurveda in ancient India dates back to at least the first millenium BC. Literature is commonly written in Sanskrit using various poetic metres.
Shaivism (Shaiva philosophy)
Jita (जित) refers to “conquering (the urges to sleep and eat)”, according to the Guhyasūtra chapter 3.—Accordingly, “[...] One may perform the Block-of-Wood Observance in a forest full of bears, tigers and lions, conquering (jita) the urges to sleep and eat, [constantly] reciting. If one takes on the appearance of a woman and sings and dances, adorned with bracelets, with a winnowing fan, ball and plait, one observes the Colourful Observance. With a weapon in hand, full of compassion, if one wanders like a saviour of creatures (?) focussed upon recitation, meditation and worship, one performs the Warrior Observance. [...]”.
Shaiva (शैव, śaiva) or Shaivism (śaivism) represents a tradition of Hinduism worshiping Shiva as the supreme being. Closely related to Shaktism, Shaiva literature includes a range of scriptures, including Tantras, while the root of this tradition may be traced back to the ancient Vedas.
Yoga (school of philosophy)
Jita (जित) refers to “having mastered” (one’s breath, internal fire, body and mind), according to the Haṭhatattvakaumudī by Sundaradeva: a large compendium on Yoga in roughly 2000 Sanskrit verses quoting from Yoga texts, Upaniṣads, Epics, Purāṇas, Dharmaśāstras etc.—Accordingly, “Now Rājayoga is explained as far as the [fourth stage called] Niṣpatti in Haṭhayoga, for the delight of Yogins who have naturally ascended to Yoga through the [stage] of Niṣpatti in [Haṭha]yoga. [It is for those Yogins] whose breath, internal fire, body and mind has been mastered (jita) and whose unequivocal realization [of the highest reality] has occurred”
Yoga is originally considered a branch of Hindu philosophy (astika), but both ancient and modern Yoga combine the physical, mental and spiritual. Yoga teaches various physical techniques also known as āsanas (postures), used for various purposes (eg., meditation, contemplation, relaxation).
In Buddhism
Theravada (major branch of Buddhism)
One of the palaces occupied by Narada Buddha before his Renunciation. Bu x.19.
Theravāda is a major branch of Buddhism having the the Pali canon (tipitaka) as their canonical literature, which includes the vinaya-pitaka (monastic rules), the sutta-pitaka (Buddhist sermons) and the abhidhamma-pitaka (philosophy and psychology).
Chinese Buddhism
[The following represents an unverified English translation. For all purposes consult the original Chinese text.]
偈他 [ji ta]—Jìtuō — [Technical term (術語 [shu yu])] Translated as sòng (頌 [song]). See the entry for Gāthā (伽陀 [jia tuo]). (Gāthā (伽陀 [jia tuo]))
偈他—【術語】譯曰頌。見伽陀條。(伽陀)
[shù yǔ] yì yuē sòng. jiàn jiā tuó tiáo.(jiā tuó)
[shu yu] yi yue song. jian jia tuo tiao.(jia tuo)
Chinese Buddhism (漢傳佛教, hanchuan fojiao) is the form of Buddhism that developed in China, blending Mahayana teachings with Daoist and Confucian thought. Its texts are mainly in Classical Chinese, based on translations from Sanskrit. Major schools include Chan (Zen), Pure Land, Tiantai, and Huayan. Chinese Buddhism has greatly influenced East Asian religion and culture.
In Jainism
General definition (in Jainism)
Jita (जित) refers to “conquering (the opponent)”, according to the 11th century Jñānārṇava, a treatise on Jain Yoga in roughly 2200 Sanskrit verses composed by Śubhacandra.—Accordingly, “Glory to the great tree that is stopping the influx of karma whose opponent is conquered (jita-vipakṣa), which is rooted in all the rules of conduct for a mendicant, whose great trunk is restraint, whose full branches are tranquillity, which is covered with the blossom of virtue [and] is beautiful because of producing whole fruit through the reflections. [Thus ends the reflection on] stopping the influx of karma”.
Jainism is an Indian religion of Dharma whose doctrine revolves around harmlessness (ahimsa) towards every living being. The two major branches (Digambara and Svetambara) of Jainism stimulate self-control (or, shramana, ‘self-reliance’) and spiritual development through a path of peace for the soul to progess to the ultimate goal.
India history and geography
Jita or Jīta.—(EI 28, 29), income or wages; revenue income; derived from Sanskrit jīvita in the same sense. Note: jita is defined in the “Indian epigraphical glossary” as it can be found on ancient inscriptions commonly written in Sanskrit, Prakrit or Dravidian languages.
The history of India traces the identification of countries, villages, towns and other regions of India, as well as mythology, zoology, royal dynasties, rulers, tribes, local festivities and traditions and regional languages. Ancient India enjoyed religious freedom and encourages the path of Dharma, a concept common to Buddhism, Hinduism, and Jainism.
Languages of India and abroad
Pali-English dictionary
jita : (pp. of jināti) conquered; subdued; (nt.), victory.
Jita, (pp. of jayati, conquer) conquered, subdued, mastered: (nt.) victory. jitā me pāpakā dhammā Vin. I, 8; ‹-› Dh. 40, 104 (attā jitaṃ seyyo for attā jito seyyo see DhA. II, 228), 105, 179; Vv 6427 (jitindriya one whose senses are mastered, cp. guttindriya).—Cp. vi°. (Page 284)
[Pali to Burmese]
jita—
(Burmese text): (၁) အောင်အပ်-အောင်နိုင်အပ်-သော။ (က) အောင်အပ်-သတ်အပ်-ပယ်အပ်-သော။ (ခ) အောင်အပ်-ရအပ်-ရောက်အပ်-သော။ (ဂ) အောင်အပ်-ဆောင်ယူအပ်-သော။ (ဃ) အောင်အပ်-ဖြစ်ပေါ်စေအပ်-သော။ (၂) အောင်သော၊ အောင်နိုင်သော၊ သူ။ (၃) ရှုံးသော၊ သူ။ (၄) အောင်နိုင်ပြီးရာ (အခါ)။ (န) (၅) အောင်ခြင်း၊ အောင်နိုင်ခြင်း၊ အောင်မြင်ခြင်း။ (ပု) (၆) ဇိတမည်သော ပစ္စေကဗုဒ္ဓါ။ (၇) ဇိတမည်သော ပြာသာဒ်။ ဇိတကာလ-ကြည့်။
(Auto-Translation): (1) To succeed - to be successful. (a) To succeed - to achieve - to reject. (b) To succeed - to gain - to arrive. (c) To succeed - to carry out. (d) To succeed - to manifest. (2) Victorious, triumphant, he. (3) Defeated, he. (4) After succeeding (occasion). (5) Achieving, success, triumph. (6) The act of being distinguished. (7) The distinguished doctrine. Distinguished time - observe.
Pali is the language of the Tipiṭaka, which is the sacred canon of Theravāda Buddhism and contains much of the Buddha’s speech. Closeley related to Sanskrit, both languages are used interchangeably between religions.
Marathi-English dictionary
jita (जित).—p (S) Conquered or overcome: excelled or surpassed: gained or won. Used elegantly in comp. as jitakāma, jitakrōdha, jitalōbha, jitamōha In whom lust, anger &c. is subdued; jitaprāṇa Who can retain his breath a long time; jitamanaska Possessing self-command; jitadravya Who has acquired spoils or treasure; jitapaṇa Who has gained the wager or stake. Affixed it forms an opposite class of compounds; as kāmajita, krōdhajita strījita That is under the dominion of lust, anger, woman. This is one of the many Sanskrit words of which the usefulness will be readily discovered by translators from English.
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jitā (जिता).—a ( H) Alive. Pr jityā rōṭī mēkhyā mātī Give me bread whilst I live, earth when I die. Pr. jityācī khōḍa mēlyāsivāī jāta nāhīṃ. 2 fig. Not extinguished or gone out--fire: not reduced to ashes, yet burning;--a coal, a brand, embers: running, quick, not stagnant--water: proceeding from a steady spring (not from the moisture following upon the rains)--water: active, not killed--quicksilver; extant, current, in force or use--a language, writing, custom: in existence, forthcoming, not lost--an article: good, not dead, payable--a debt. 3 Living, emphatically and revilingly. See the terms jitāpiśāca, jitāsambandha &c. 4 Cut whilst green and succulent--riceplants, grass. jitā kīṃ mēlā Still as a mouse! (i. e. let it not be known whether you are alive or dead). Ex. cippa jitā kīṃ mēlā baisa. jityāpanthāsa lāgaṇēṃ To begin to recover from some dangerous sickness.
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jīta (जीत).—f unc (jita S) Victory: also winning or gaining (at play, betting &c.)
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jīta (जीत).—a For jitā and used in all its senses, but less commonly. Ex. jīta nyāvēṃ rāyāpāsiṃ ||. jīta nā mēlā Living or dead. Pr. jīta nā mēlī haraḷī- cī muḷī Used of an estate, a property, or a business which, whether flourishing or declining, brisk or slack, always yields something. See fully under haraḷīcī muḷī. 2 See jitā kīṃ mēlā under jitā. jīta hāḍāṃlā khiḷaṇēṃ To cleave fast to one all through his lifetime.
jita (जित).—p Overcome, conquered; excelled; won.
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jitā (जिता).—a Alive Fig. Not extinguished or gone out-fire; not reduced to ash- es, yet burning-a coal, embers; run- ning, quick, not stagnant-water; extant, current, in force or use-a language, writing, custom. jitā kīṃ mēlā Still as a mouse! Ex. cippa jittā kīṃ mēlā baisa (i. e. let it not be known whe- ther you are alive or dead). jityā panthāsa lāgaṇēṃ Begin to recover from some dangerous sickness.
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jīta (जीत).—f Victory; also winning or gaining (at play, betting.) a See jitā.
Marathi is an Indo-European language having over 70 million native speakers people in (predominantly) Maharashtra India. Marathi, like many other Indo-Aryan languages, evolved from early forms of Prakrit, which itself is a subset of Sanskrit, one of the most ancient languages of the world.
Sanskrit dictionary
Jita (जित).—p. p. [ji-karmaṇi kta]
1) Conquered, subdued, curbed, restrained, (as enemies, passions &c.).
2) Won, got, obtained (by conquest).
3) Surpassed, excelled.
4) Subject to, enslaved or influenced by; कामजित (kāmajita); स्त्रीजित (strījita) &c.
-tam Victory.
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Jīta (जीत).—a.
1) Oppressed, overpowered.
2) Become old; also जीन (jīna).
Jita (जित).—mfn.
(-taḥ-tā-taṃ) Conquered, subdued, surpassed, overcome. m.
(-taḥ) One of the attendants upon a Jina or Jaina saint. E. ji to conquer, aff. karmaṇi kta.
1) Jita (जित):—[from ji] mfn. won, acquired, conquered, subdued, [Ṛg-veda viii, 76, 4; Atharva-veda] etc.
2) [v.s. ...] overcome or enslaved by (in [compound] e.g. kāma-, ‘under the dominion of lust’), [Manu-smṛti] etc.
3) [v.s. ...] given up, discontinued, [Manu-smṛti iv, 181.]
4) Jīta (जीत):—a ti, jīna See √1. jyā.
5) [from jyā] b mfn. oppressed, [Atharva-veda]
6) [v.s. ...] old, customary, of old, [Jaina literature] (Prākṛt jīya)
7) [v.s. ...] cf. a-.
Jita (जित):—[(taḥ-tā-taṃ) a.] Conquered. m. An attendant on a Jaina sage.
[Sanskrit to German]
Jita (जित) in the Sanskrit language is related to the Prakrit words: Jia, Jiṇiya, Jīa.
Sanskrit, also spelled संस्कृतम् (saṃskṛtam), is an ancient language of India commonly seen as the grandmother of the Indo-European language family (even English!). Closely allied with Prakrit and Pali, Sanskrit is more exhaustive in both grammar and terms and has the most extensive collection of literature in the world, greatly surpassing its sister-languages Greek and Latin.
Hindi dictionary
1) Jita (जित) [Also spelled jit]:——an adjectival suffix/prefix used in Sanskrit words meaning 'one who has conquered' (e.g. [jitakopa, indrajita]); ~[kopa/krodha] one who has conquered or subdued the feeling of anger/wrath; ~[śatru] a conqueror of enemies; ~[śrama] tireless, one who has conquered the sense of fatigue.
2) Jīṭa (जीट):—(nf) boasting, bragging; —[māranā] to brag, to boast.
3) Jīta (जीत) [Also spelled jeet]:—(nf) victory, success; -[hāra] victory and defeat, success and failure; —[muṭṭhī meṃ honā] to have the game in one’s hands.
4) Jītā (जीता):—(a) living, alive; won; -[jāgatā] living, lively; up and kicking; [jītī bājī] a battle already won; [jītī makkhī nigalanā] to wilfully commit or connive in a wrong; [jīte jī] during the life-time of; as long as one is living or is in existence; •[mara jānā] to suffer death in life, to endure extreme misery or anguish; [jīte raho] ! may you live long !
...
Kannada-English dictionary
Jita (ಜಿತ):—
1) [noun] that which is conquered, subdued.
2) [noun] that which is gained, acquired; a gain; an acquisition.
3) [noun] that which is firm, stable.
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Jīta (ಜೀತ):—
1) [noun] a living; life.
2) [noun] money received for work done, and usu. figured on an hourly, daily or piecework basis; wages.
3) [noun] service under feudalism; feudal service.
4) [noun] ಜೀತಕ್ಕಿರು [jitakkiru] jītakkiru = ಜೀತಮಾಡು [jitamadu]; ಜೀತದಾಳು [jitadalu] jītadāḷu = ಜೀತಗಾರ [jitagara]; ಜೀತಮಾಡು [jitamadu] jītamāḍu to work as a servant under feudalism.
Kannada is a Dravidian language (as opposed to the Indo-European language family) mainly spoken in the southwestern region of India.
Nepali dictionary
1) Jita (जित):—adj. 1. won; got; obtained; 2. subdued; conquered;
2) Jīta (जीत):—n. victory; triumph; success;
Nepali is the primary language of the Nepalese people counting almost 20 million native speakers. The country of Nepal is situated in the Himalaya mountain range to the north of India.
See also (Relevant definitions)
Partial matches: Ji, Ta, Dhavala.
Starts with (+26): Jita Ata, Jita Kolasa, Jita Pishaca, Jitabuddhi, Jitadhara, Jitahasta, Jitahava, Jitakala, Jitakama, Jitakame, Jitakara, Jitakaran, Jitakarma, Jitakashi, Jitakashin, Jitakilesa, Jitaklama, Jitakopa, Jitakrodha, Jitakshara.
Full-text (+277): Jina, Ajita, Vijita, Jitendriya, Parajita, Avajita, Jitashatru, Jitatman, Nirjita, Jitari, Strijita, Jitahava, Jitamitra, Bhishagjita, Jitakshara, Jitakashin, Jitashrama, Jitakashi, Jitanemi, Jitakrodha.
Relevant text
Search found 105 books and stories containing Jita, Jì tā, Jí tā, Jì tǎ, Jǐ tà, Ji-ta, Jitā, Jīta, Jīṭa, Jītā, Jìtā, Jítā, Jìtǎ, Jǐtà, 偈他, 吉他, 吉它, 挤踏, 擠踏, 祭塔; (plurals include: Jitas, Jì tās, Jí tās, Jì tǎs, Jǐ tàs, tas, Jitās, Jītas, Jīṭas, Jītās, Jìtās, Jítās, Jìtǎs, Jǐtàs). You can also click to the full overview containing English textual excerpts. Below are direct links for the most relevant articles:
Dhammapada (Illustrated) (by Ven. Weagoda Sarada Maha Thero)
Verse 179-180 - The Story of the Three Daughters of Māra < [Chapter 14 - Buddha Vagga (The Buddha)]
Verse 104-105 - The Story of the Brāhmin Anatthapucchaka < [Chapter 8 - Sahassa Vagga (Thousands)]
Verse 40 - The Story of Five Hundred Monks < [Chapter 3 - Citta Vagga (Mind)]
Taisho: Chinese Buddhist Canon
Scroll 54a - Part 200: Alagaddupama-sutta < [Part 26 - Middle Length Discourses]
Scroll 45a - Part 172: Ummagga-sutta < [Part 26 - Middle Length Discourses]
Sutta 300: Rejecting Eternalism and Annihilationism through the Middle Way < [Part 99 - Samyukta-Agama (Connected Discourses)]
Chaitanya Bhagavata (by Bhumipati Dāsa)
Verse 2.8.151 < [Chapter 8 - The Manifestation of Opulences]
Verse 3.6.137 < [Chapter 6 - The Glories of Śrī Nityānanda Prabhu]
Verse 2.13.348 < [Chapter 13 - The Deliverance of Jagāi and Mādhāi]
Sahitya-kaumudi by Baladeva Vidyabhushana (by Gaurapada Dāsa)
Text 1.1 < [Chapter 1 - The Purpose of Poetry]
Text 11.35 [Arthāpatti] < [Chapter 11 - Additional Ornaments]
Text 10.212 < [Chapter 10 - Ornaments of Meaning]
Dictionaries of Indian languages (Kosha)
Page 138 < [Hindi-English-Nepali (1 volume)]
Page 393 < [Malayalam-English-Kannada (1 volume)]
Page 134 < [Hindi-English-Nepali (1 volume)]
A Descriptive Catalogue of the Sanskrit Manuscripts, Madras (by M. Seshagiri Sastri)