Jia sha, Jiā shā, Jiǎ shā: 10 definitions
Introduction:
Jia sha means something in Buddhism, Pali. If you want to know the exact meaning, history, etymology or English translation of this term then check out the descriptions on this page. Add your comment or reference to a book if you want to contribute to this summary article.
In Buddhism
Chinese Buddhism
1) 袈裟 [jia sha]—The outer mantle, or toga, of a monk, composed of seven pieces; the Uttara-sanga, v. 鬱 [yu].
2) 加沙 [jia sha]—kaṣāya, a colour composed of red and yellow, i. e. brown, described as a mixed colour, but 加沙野 [jia sha ye] is defined as 赤 [chi] red.
3) 迦沙 [jia sha]—kaṣāya, a colour composed of red and yellow, i. e. brown, described as a mixed colour, but 加沙野 [jia sha ye] is defined as 赤 [chi] red.
4) 袈裟 [jia sha]—kaṣāya, a colour composed of red and yellow, i. e. brown, described as a mixed colour, but 加沙野 [jia sha ye] is defined as 赤 [chi] red.
5) 袈裟 [jia sha]—kaṣāya, the monk's robe, or cassock. The word is intp. as decayed, impure (in colour), dyed, not of primary colour, so as to distinguish it from the normal white dress of the people. The patch-robe, v. 二十五條 [er shi wu tiao]. A dyed robe 'of a colour composed of red and yellow' (M. W. ); it has a number of poetic names, e. g. robe of patience, or endurance. Also 迦沙曳 [jia sha ye] (迦邏沙曳 [jia luo sha ye]).
[The following represents an unverified English translation. For all purposes consult the original Chinese text.]
加沙 [jia sha]—Gaza—[Miscellaneous Terms] Kaṣāya, also written as 迦沙 [jia sha] (Jiāshā). It is Kāṣāya (袈裟 [jia sha]). A color name. It is translated as 'impure color' (不正色 [bu zheng se]), 'dyed color' (染色 [ran se]), or 'turbid color' (濁色 [zhuo se]). It is also called Gandhā (乾陀 [gan tuo]). 野 [ye] (Jiāshāyě) means 'red color'. See the entry for Kāṣāya (袈裟 [jia sha]). (Kāṣāya)
加沙—【雜語】Kaṣāya，又作迦沙。袈裟。色名。譯曰不正色，染色，濁色。又曰乾陀。加沙野，赤色之義。見袈裟條。(袈裟)
[zá yǔ]Kaṣāya, yòu zuò jiā shā. jiā shā. sè míng. yì yuē bù zhèng sè, rǎn sè, zhuó sè. yòu yuē gān tuó. jiā shā yě, chì sè zhī yì. jiàn jiā shā tiáo.(jiā shā)
[za yu]Kasaya, you zuo jia sha. jia sha. se ming. yi yue bu zheng se, ran se, zhuo se. you yue gan tuo. jia sha ye, chi se zhi yi. jian jia sha tiao.(jia sha)
[The following represents an unverified English translation. For all purposes consult the original Chinese text.]
袈裟 [jia sha]—(kasaya) is named Kaṣāya (迦沙曳 [jia sha ye]) in Sanskrit, translated as "impure," "spoiled," "turbid," "dyed," etc. It is also synonymous with jiashaye (加沙野 [jia sha ye]), translated as "red color" (赤色 [chi se]). The Dharma robes (法衣 [fa yi]) of a Bhikkhu (比丘 [bi qiu]) consist of three pieces: large, medium, and small. To avoid the five pure colors (五正色 [wu zheng se])—blue, yellow, red, white, and black—other mixed colors are used. Thus, it is called kasaya based on its color. Its shape is rectangular, hence it is also called a spreading cloth (敷具 [fu ju]), sleeping cloth (卧具 [wo ju]), etc., based on its form. Its appearance is cut into small pieces and sewn together like rice paddies, hence it is called a cut and sewn robe (割截衣 [ge jie yi]) or field-patterned robe (田相衣 [tian xiang yi]) based on its appearance. Other virtuous names include Taoist robe (道服 [dao fu]) (referring to monastic robe), Dharma robe (法衣 [fa yi]), armor of patience (忍辱铠 [ren ru kai]), and banner of liberation (解脱幢相 [jie tuo chuang xiang]).
The three sizes (small, medium, large) have specific names: the small one is called Antarvāsa (安陀会 [an tuo hui]), also known as the five-strip robe (五条 [wu tiao]); the medium one is called Uttarāsaṅga (鬱多罗僧 [yu duo luo seng]), also known as the seven-strip robe (七条 [qi tiao]); and the large one is called Saṃghāṭī (僧伽梨 [seng jia li]), also known as the nine-strip great robe (九条大衣 [jiu tiao da yi]), etc. In India (天竺 [tian zhu]), there was no other clothing apart from these three kasaya robes. In China (支那 [zhi na]) and Japan (日本 [ri ben]), due to the cold climate, inner garments are worn, and the kasaya is draped over them. In India, the seven-strip robe or great robe might be worn over the five-strip robe, or the great robe might be worn over both the five-strip and seven-strip robes. In these regions (China/Japan), it is not necessary to wear multiple layers, as inner garments are present.
There are three prescribed colors for the kasaya. Typically, India used Gandhā (乾陀 [gan tuo]) color, China used magnolia color (木兰色 [mu lan se]), and Japan used incense-dyed (香染 [xiang ran]) color, which is red with a hint of black. During the Tang Dynasty, Empress Wu (唐武后 [tang wu hou]) bestowed purple kasayas (紫 [zi]) upon monks like Faliang.
Xuanying's "Sounds and Meanings" (玄应音义 [xuan ying yin yi]) Volume 15 states: "Kasaya, the upper character is pronounced 'qū' and the lower 'suǒ'. The Rhyme Collection (韵集 [yun ji]) gives the pronunciation jiāshā. The original character was from '毛 [mao]' (hair), forming two shapes: 毠 [jia][沙 [sha]/毛 [mao]]. Ge Hong (葛洪 [ge hong]) later, in his Ziyuan (字苑 [zi yuan]), changed it to '衣 [yi]' (clothing). It is noted that in foreign countries, it is generally called kasaya, meaning 'impure color' (不正色 [bu zheng se]). Among various plants, if the bark, leaves, or flowers do not form the five flavors and are difficult to eat, they are called kāṣāya. This substance dyes clothes a turbid red color. Therefore, in Sanskrit texts, the 'turbid' (浊 [zhuo]) of the five defilements (五浊 [wu zhuo]) is also called kāṣāya. Bhikkhus in India mostly used this color. Some refer to it as a black robe (緇衣 [zi yi]); this might be because early translators saw its turbid color and named it so. Furthermore, according to the Sutra on Illusory Samadhi (如幻三昧经 [ru huan san mei jing]), it is called 'stainless robe' (无垢衣 [wu gou yi]) in Jin Dynasty language. Other interpretations include 'dust-free garment' (离尘服 [li chen fu]), 'emaciated/thin robe' (痟瘦衣 [xiao shou yi]), 'lotus robe' (莲花服 [lian hua fu]), or 'mixed-color robe' (间色衣 [jian se yi]), all named based on their meaning. Paramārtha Tripiṭaka (真谛三藏 [zhen di san cang]) stated: Kasaya here means 'blood-red robe' (赤血色衣 [chi xue se yi]). He said that although there are five schools (五部 [wu bu]) in foreign countries, all of them use red. The mentions of blue-black or magnolia are just variations in shading."
"Commentary on Monastic Conduct" (行事钞 [xing shi chao]) Volume 1 states: "The Ekottarāgama (增一 [zeng yi]) says: The robe worn by the Tathāgata (如来 [ru lai]) is called kasaya, and what he eats is called Dharma food (法食 [fa shi]). This kasaya robe is named after its color. Later texts mention 'dyed into kasaya color' and 'having kasaya taste'. If translated according to this land (China), it is generally called a sleeping cloth (卧具 [wo ju]). The Dharmaguptaka Vinaya (四分 [si fen]) states: It should be cut with a knife so that the śramaṇa's (沙门 [sha men]) robe is not plundered by enemies. The Antarvāsa (安陀会 [an tuo hui]) should be worn as an undergarment. The Uttarāsaṅga (鬱多罗僧 [yu duo luo seng]) and Saṃghāṭī (僧伽梨 [seng jia li]) should be worn when entering villages. These three names have no direct translation in various schools; they are now translated by meaning. The Sutra of Bodhisattva Huishang (慧上菩萨经 [hui shang pu sa jing]) calls the five-strip robe the inner robe (中著衣 [zhong zhe yi]), the seven-strip robe the upper robe (上衣 [shang yi]), and the great robe the robe for gatherings (众聚时衣 [zhong ju shi yi]). (Abridged) If categorized by the number of strips, they are called nineteen-strip, seventeen-strip, down to nine-strip, seven-strip, and five-strip. The Vinaya (律 [lu]) does not use the names five, seven, or nine; it only refers to Antarvāsa, etc., up to Saṃghāṭī. People refer to them as five, seven, or nine strips."
"A Record of Buddhist Kingdoms" (寄归传 [ji gui chuan]) Volume 1 states: "Kasaya is a Sanskrit word, meaning the color of Gandhā (乾陀 [gan tuo]). It originally has nothing to do with Eastern customs; why bother placing it under clothing? If, according to the Vinaya texts, the three robes are all called Cīvara (支伐罗 [zhi fa luo])." Volume 2 of the same text states: "1. Saṃghāṭī (僧伽胝 [seng jia zhi]), 2. Uttarāsaṅga (嗢呾囉僧伽 [wa da luo seng jia]), 3. Antarvāsa (安呾婆裟 [an da po sha]). These three robes are all called Cīvara (支伐罗 [zhi fa luo]). In the Northern countries (北方诸国 [bei fang zhu guo]), monastic robes are mostly called kasaya. It means 'red color' (赤色 [chi se]). This is not from the Vinaya texts." It also says: "All monastic clothing can be dyed with Gandhā. This can be done with Rehmannia root yellow scraps (地黄黄屑 [de huang huang xie]) or Phellodendron bark yellow (荆蘗黄 [jing bo huang]), which can be mixed with juice from ground red earth (赤土 [chi tu]) or red stone (赤石 [chi shi]). The depth of the color is adjusted, aiming for simplicity and efficiency."
Huiyuan's "Sounds and Meanings" (慧苑音义 [hui yuan yin yi]) Volume 1 states: "Kasaya, the full and correct form is Kaṣāya (迦邏沙曳 [jia luo sha ye]). This means 'dyed robe' (染色衣 [ran se yi]). Lay people in the Western Regions (西域 [xi yu]) all wear white clothes."
袈裟—【衣服】具名迦沙曳 Kaṣāya，譯曰不正，壞，濁，染等。又與加沙野之語同。譯曰赤色。比丘之法衣有大中小三件，避青黃赤白黑之五正色，而用他之雜色，故從色而云袈裟。其形為長方形，故從形而云敷具，臥具等。其相割截小片，綴合如田畔，故從相而云割截衣，又云田相衣。其他有道服，法衣，忍辱鎧，解脫幢相等種種之德名。大中小三枚之別名，其小者曰安陀會，又云五條，其中者曰鬱多羅僧，又云七條，其大者云僧伽梨，又云九條大衣等。天竺於此三枚袈裟外無所謂衣者。支那日本氣候寒故於裏著衣，而掛於表也。天竺於五條上重著七條或大衣，或於五條七條上重著大衣，此方則不必重著，裏有衣也。其色有三如法色，其中通常天竺用乾陀，支那用木蘭色，日本用香染。即赤而帶黑者。唐武后賜僧法朗等紫袈裟。玄應音義十五曰：「袈裟，上舉佉切，下所加切。韻集，音加沙，字本從毛，作毠[沙/毛]二形。葛洪後作字苑，始改從衣，案外國通稱袈裟，此云不正色也。諸草木中，若皮若葉若花等，不成五味，難以為食者，則名迦沙。此物染衣，其色濁赤，故梵本五濁之濁亦名迦沙。天竺比丘多用此色，或言緇衣者，當是初譯之時，見其色濁因以名也。又案如幻三昧經云：晉言無垢衣，又義云離塵服，或云痟瘦衣，或稱蓮花服，或言間色衣，皆從義立名耳。真諦三藏云：袈裟此云赤血色衣，言外國雖有五部不同，并皆赤色，言青黑木蘭者，但點之異耳。」行事鈔下一曰：「增一云：如來所著衣名曰袈裟，所食者名為法食，此袈裟衣者，從色得名。下文染作袈裟色，味有袈裟味。若據此土所翻，通名為臥具。四分云：應以刀截成，沙門衣不為怨賊劫，應作安陀會，襯體著。鬱多羅僧，僧伽梨，入聚落著。而此三名，諸部無正翻，今以義譯。慧上菩薩經，五條名中著衣，七條名上衣，大衣名眾聚時衣。（中略）若就條數，便云十九十七乃至九條七條五條等。律中無五七九名，但云安陀會乃至僧伽梨，人名五七九條也。」寄歸傳一曰：「袈裟乃是梵言，即是乾陀之色。元來不干東語，何勞下底置衣？若，依律文典語，三衣并名支伐羅也。」同二曰：「一僧伽胝，二嗢呾囉僧伽，三安呾婆裟，此之三衣，皆名支伐羅。北方諸國。多名法衣為袈裟。乃是赤色義。非律文典語。」又曰：「凡出家衣服，皆可染作乾陀。或為地黃黃屑，或復荊蘗黃等，此皆可以赤土赤石研汁和之。量色淺深，要而省事。」慧苑音義上曰：「袈裟，具正云迦邏沙曳。此云染色衣，西域俗人，皆著白色衣也。」
[yī fú] jù míng jiā shā yè Kaṣāya, yì yuē bù zhèng, huài, zhuó, rǎn děng. yòu yǔ jiā shā yě zhī yǔ tóng. yì yuē chì sè. bǐ qiū zhī fǎ yī yǒu dà zhōng xiǎo sān jiàn, bì qīng huáng chì bái hēi zhī wǔ zhèng sè, ér yòng tā zhī zá sè, gù cóng sè ér yún jiā shā. qí xíng wèi zhǎng fāng xíng, gù cóng xíng ér yún fū jù, wò jù děng. qí xiāng gē jié xiǎo piàn, zhuì hé rú tián pàn, gù cóng xiāng ér yún gē jié yī, yòu yún tián xiāng yī. qí tā yǒu dào fú, fǎ yī, rěn rǔ kǎi, jiě tuō chuáng xiāng děng zhǒng zhǒng zhī dé míng. dà zhōng xiǎo sān méi zhī bié míng, qí xiǎo zhě yuē ān tuó huì, yòu yún wǔ tiáo, qí zhōng zhě yuē yù duō luó sēng, yòu yún qī tiáo, qí dà zhě yún sēng jiā lí, yòu yún jiǔ tiáo dà yī děng. tiān zhú yú cǐ sān méi jiā shā wài wú suǒ wèi yī zhě. zhī nà rì běn qì hòu hán gù yú lǐ zhe yī, ér guà yú biǎo yě. tiān zhú yú wǔ tiáo shàng zhòng zhe qī tiáo huò dà yī, huò yú wǔ tiáo qī tiáo shàng zhòng zhe dà yī, cǐ fāng zé bù bì zhòng zhe, lǐ yǒu yī yě. qí sè yǒu sān rú fǎ sè, qí zhōng tōng cháng tiān zhú yòng gān tuó, zhī nà yòng mù lán sè, rì běn yòng xiāng rǎn. jí chì ér dài hēi zhě. táng wǔ hòu cì sēng fǎ lǎng děng zǐ jiā shā. xuán yīng yīn yì shí wǔ yuē: “jiā shā, shàng jǔ qū qiè, xià suǒ jiā qiè. yùn jí, yīn jiā shā, zì běn cóng máo, zuò jiā [shā/máo] èr xíng. gé hóng hòu zuò zì yuàn, shǐ gǎi cóng yī, àn wài guó tōng chēng jiā shā, cǐ yún bù zhèng sè yě. zhū cǎo mù zhōng, ruò pí ruò yè ruò huā děng, bù chéng wǔ wèi, nán yǐ wèi shí zhě, zé míng jiā shā. cǐ wù rǎn yī, qí sè zhuó chì, gù fàn běn wǔ zhuó zhī zhuó yì míng jiā shā. tiān zhú bǐ qiū duō yòng cǐ sè, huò yán zī yī zhě, dāng shì chū yì zhī shí, jiàn qí sè zhuó yīn yǐ míng yě. yòu àn rú huàn sān mèi jīng yún: jìn yán wú gòu yī, yòu yì yún lí chén fú, huò yún xiāo shòu yī, huò chēng lián huā fú, huò yán jiān sè yī, jiē cóng yì lì míng ěr. zhēn dì sān cáng yún: jiā shā cǐ yún chì xuè sè yī, yán wài guó suī yǒu wǔ bù bù tóng, bìng jiē chì sè, yán qīng hēi mù lán zhě, dàn diǎn zhī yì ěr.” xíng shì chāo xià yī yuē: “zēng yī yún: rú lái suǒ zhe yī míng yuē jiā shā, suǒ shí zhě míng wèi fǎ shí, cǐ jiā shā yī zhě, cóng sè dé míng. xià wén rǎn zuò jiā shā sè, wèi yǒu jiā shā wèi. ruò jù cǐ tǔ suǒ fān, tōng míng wèi wò jù. sì fēn yún: yīng yǐ dāo jié chéng, shā mén yī bù wèi yuàn zéi jié, yīng zuò ān tuó huì, chèn tǐ zhe. yù duō luó sēng, sēng jiā lí, rù jù luò zhe. ér cǐ sān míng, zhū bù wú zhèng fān, jīn yǐ yì yì. huì shàng pú sà jīng, wǔ tiáo míng zhōng zhe yī, qī tiáo míng shàng yī, dà yī míng zhòng jù shí yī. (zhōng lüè) ruò jiù tiáo shù, biàn yún shí jiǔ shí qī nǎi zhì jiǔ tiáo qī tiáo wǔ tiáo děng. lǜ zhōng wú wǔ qī jiǔ míng, dàn yún ān tuó huì nǎi zhì sēng jiā lí, rén míng wǔ qī jiǔ tiáo yě.” jì guī chuán yī yuē: “jiā shā nǎi shì fàn yán, jí shì gān tuó zhī sè. yuán lái bù gàn dōng yǔ, hé láo xià dǐ zhì yī？ ruò, yī lǜ wén diǎn yǔ, sān yī bìng míng zhī fá luó yě.” tóng èr yuē: “yī sēng jiā zhī, èr wà dá luō sēng jiā, sān ān dá pó shā, cǐ zhī sān yī, jiē míng zhī fá luó. běi fāng zhū guó. duō míng fǎ yī wèi jiā shā. nǎi shì chì sè yì. fēi lǜ wén diǎn yǔ.” yòu yuē: “fán chū jiā yī fú, jiē kě rǎn zuò gān tuó. huò wèi de huáng huáng xiè, huò fù jīng bò huáng děng, cǐ jiē kě yǐ chì tǔ chì shí yán zhī hé zhī. liàng sè qiǎn shēn, yào ér shěng shì.” huì yuàn yīn yì shàng yuē: “jiā shā, jù zhèng yún jiā luó shā yè. cǐ yún rǎn sè yī, xī yù sú rén, jiē zhe bái sè yī yě.”
[yi fu] ju ming jia sha ye Kasaya, yi yue bu zheng, huai, zhuo, ran deng. you yu jia sha ye zhi yu tong. yi yue chi se. bi qiu zhi fa yi you da zhong xiao san jian, bi qing huang chi bai hei zhi wu zheng se, er yong ta zhi za se, gu cong se er yun jia sha. qi xing wei zhang fang xing, gu cong xing er yun fu ju, wo ju deng. qi xiang ge jie xiao pian, zhui he ru tian pan, gu cong xiang er yun ge jie yi, you yun tian xiang yi. qi ta you dao fu, fa yi, ren ru kai, jie tuo chuang xiang deng zhong zhong zhi de ming. da zhong xiao san mei zhi bie ming, qi xiao zhe yue an tuo hui, you yun wu tiao, qi zhong zhe yue yu duo luo seng, you yun qi tiao, qi da zhe yun seng jia li, you yun jiu tiao da yi deng. tian zhu yu ci san mei jia sha wai wu suo wei yi zhe. zhi na ri ben qi hou han gu yu li zhe yi, er gua yu biao ye. tian zhu yu wu tiao shang zhong zhe qi tiao huo da yi, huo yu wu tiao qi tiao shang zhong zhe da yi, ci fang ze bu bi zhong zhe, li you yi ye. qi se you san ru fa se, qi zhong tong chang tian zhu yong gan tuo, zhi na yong mu lan se, ri ben yong xiang ran. ji chi er dai hei zhe. tang wu hou ci seng fa lang deng zi jia sha. xuan ying yin yi shi wu yue: "jia sha, shang ju qu qie, xia suo jia qie. yun ji, yin jia sha, zi ben cong mao, zuo jia [sha/mao] er xing. ge hong hou zuo zi yuan, shi gai cong yi, an wai guo tong cheng jia sha, ci yun bu zheng se ye. zhu cao mu zhong, ruo pi ruo ye ruo hua deng, bu cheng wu wei, nan yi wei shi zhe, ze ming jia sha. ci wu ran yi, qi se zhuo chi, gu fan ben wu zhuo zhi zhuo yi ming jia sha. tian zhu bi qiu duo yong ci se, huo yan zi yi zhe, dang shi chu yi zhi shi, jian qi se zhuo yin yi ming ye. you an ru huan san mei jing yun: jin yan wu gou yi, you yi yun li chen fu, huo yun xiao shou yi, huo cheng lian hua fu, huo yan jian se yi, jie cong yi li ming er. zhen di san cang yun: jia sha ci yun chi xue se yi, yan wai guo sui you wu bu bu tong, bing jie chi se, yan qing hei mu lan zhe, dan dian zhi yi er." xing shi chao xia yi yue: "zeng yi yun: ru lai suo zhe yi ming yue jia sha, suo shi zhe ming wei fa shi, ci jia sha yi zhe, cong se de ming. xia wen ran zuo jia sha se, wei you jia sha wei. ruo ju ci tu suo fan, tong ming wei wo ju. si fen yun: ying yi dao jie cheng, sha men yi bu wei yuan zei jie, ying zuo an tuo hui, chen ti zhe. yu duo luo seng, seng jia li, ru ju luo zhe. er ci san ming, zhu bu wu zheng fan, jin yi yi yi. hui shang pu sa jing, wu tiao ming zhong zhe yi, qi tiao ming shang yi, da yi ming zhong ju shi yi. (zhong lue) ruo jiu tiao shu, bian yun shi jiu shi qi nai zhi jiu tiao qi tiao wu tiao deng. lu zhong wu wu qi jiu ming, dan yun an tuo hui nai zhi seng jia li, ren ming wu qi jiu tiao ye." ji gui chuan yi yue: "jia sha nai shi fan yan, ji shi gan tuo zhi se. yuan lai bu gan dong yu, he lao xia di zhi yi? ruo, yi lu wen dian yu, san yi bing ming zhi fa luo ye." tong er yue: "yi seng jia zhi, er wa da luo seng jia, san an da po sha, ci zhi san yi, jie ming zhi fa luo. bei fang zhu guo. duo ming fa yi wei jia sha. nai shi chi se yi. fei lu wen dian yu." you yue: "fan chu jia yi fu, jie ke ran zuo gan tuo. huo wei de huang huang xie, huo fu jing bo huang deng, ci jie ke yi chi tu chi shi yan zhi he zhi. liang se qian shen, yao er sheng shi." hui yuan yin yi shang yue: "jia sha, ju zheng yun jia luo sha ye. ci yun ran se yi, xi yu su ren, jie zhe bai se yi ye."
[The following represents an unverified English translation. For all purposes consult the original Chinese text.]
甲剎 [jia sha]—(Jiǎ Chà) — [Miscellaneous Term] Refers to temples that are foremost among Zen temples (禪剎 [chan sha]), outside of the 'Ten Temples' (十剎 [shi sha]) system. Xiangqijian (象器箋 [xiang qi jian]), Volume 1, states: "Among the premier temples in China (支那 [zhi na]), there are Longshuo Mountain Jiqing Temple (龍朔山集慶寺 [long shuo shan ji qing si]), Huayan Mountain Xianbao Temple (華嚴山顯報寺 [hua yan shan xian bao si]), and others, which cannot be fully recorded (不得盡錄 [bu de jin lu]). Among the premier temples in Japan (日本 [ri ben]), there are Heian Mountain Foxin Temple (平安山佛心寺 [ping an shan fu xin si]), Linggui Mountain Jingde Temple (靈龜山景德寺 [ling gui shan jing de si]), and others, which cannot be fully recorded (不得盡錄 [bu de jin lu])."
甲剎—【雜名】十剎之外，甲於禪剎者。象器箋一曰：「支那甲剎，有龍朔山集慶寺，華嚴山顯報寺等，不得盡錄。日本甲剎有平安山佛心寺，靈龜山景德寺等，不得盡錄。」
[zá míng] shí shā zhī wài, jiǎ yú chán shā zhě. xiàng qì jiān yī yuē: “zhī nà jiǎ shā, yǒu lóng shuò shān jí qìng sì, huá yán shān xiǎn bào sì děng, bù dé jǐn lù. rì běn jiǎ shā yǒu píng ān shān fú xīn sì, líng guī shān jǐng dé sì děng, bù dé jǐn lù.”
[za ming] shi sha zhi wai, jia yu chan sha zhe. xiang qi jian yi yue: "zhi na jia sha, you long shuo shan ji qing si, hua yan shan xian bao si deng, bu de jin lu. ri ben jia sha you ping an shan fu xin si, ling gui shan jing de si deng, bu de jin lu."
1) 袈裟 ts = jiā shā p refers to [noun] “kasaya”; Domain: Buddhism 佛教 [fu jiao] , Subdomain: Fo Guang Shan; Notes: (Glossary of Humanistic Buddhism).
2) 袈裟 ts = jiā shā p refers to [noun] “kasaya; kaṣāya”; Domain: Buddhism 佛教 [fu jiao]; Notes: Sanskrit equivalent: kaṣāya, Pali: kasāya, Japanese: kesa, Tibetan: ngur smrig; an outer vestment worn by a Buddhist monk (BCSD '袈裟 [jia sha]', p. 1049; BL 'kaṣāya', p. 424; Ding '袈裟 [jia sha]'; FGDB '袈裟 [jia sha]'; Matsuo 2007, p. 12; SH '袈裟 [jia sha]', p. 363)..
3) 袈裟 ts = jiā shā p refers to [noun] “kasaya”; Domain: Buddhism 佛教 [fu jiao]; Notes: An outer vestment worn by a Buddhist monk (Guoyu '袈裟 [jia sha]'; Mathews 1931 '袈裟 [jia sha]', p. 78)..
4) 甲剎 t = 甲刹 s = jiǎ shā p refers to [noun] “main temple”; Domain: Buddhism 佛教 [fu jiao]; Notes: The most important temple in a tradition (FGDB '甲剎 [jia sha]') ..
5) 迦沙 ts = jiā shā p refers to [noun] “kasaya; kaṣāya”; Domain: Buddhism 佛教 [fu jiao]; Notes: Sanskrit equivalent: kaṣāya; see 袈裟 [jia sha] (FGDB '袈裟 [jia sha]') ..
Chinese Buddhism (漢傳佛教, hanchuan fojiao) is the form of Buddhism that developed in China, blending Mahayana teachings with Daoist and Confucian thought. Its texts are mainly in Classical Chinese, based on translations from Sanskrit. Major schools include Chan (Zen), Pure Land, Tiantai, and Huayan. Chinese Buddhism has greatly influenced East Asian religion and culture.
Languages of India and abroad
Chinese-English dictionary
1) 袈裟 [jiā shā] refers to: “monk's robe”.
袈裟 is further associated with the following language/terms:
[Related Chinese terms] 偏衫; 弊衲衣; 方服; 方袍; 水田衣; 直綴; 直裰; 磨納; 稻田衣; 衲; 衲衣; 衲袈裟; 袈裟衣.
[Sanskrit] kāṣāyāṇi vastrāṇi; saṃghātī.
[Pali] kasāya.
[Vietnamese] cà sa.
[Korean] 가사 / gasa.
[Japanese] ケサ / kesa.
2) 迦沙 [jiā shā] refers to: “kaṣāya”.
迦沙 is further associated with the following language/terms:
[Vietnamese] ca sa.
[Korean] 가사 / gasa.
[Japanese] カシャ / kasha.
3) 加沙 [jiā shā] refers to: “kaṣāya”.
加沙 is further associated with the following language/terms:
[Vietnamese] gia sa.
[Korean] 가사 / gasa.
[Japanese] カシャ / kasha.
Chinese language.
See also (Relevant definitions)
Starts with: Jia sha bian bai, Jia sha dai, Jia sha shi er ming, Jia sha shi li, Jia sha wei, Jia sha wu de, Jia sha xing li, Jia sha ye, Jia sha yi, Jia sha zhe fa, Jia shan, Jia shan guo jia sen lin gong yuan, Jia shan luo, Jia shan shan hui, Jia shan si, Jia shan xian, Jia shang, Jia shao.
Full-text (+251): Jia sha ye, Qing jia sha, Jiu tiao jia sha, Ping jia sha, Jia sha yi, Qi tiao jia sha, Na jia sha, Wu tiao jia sha, Huo huan bu jia sha, Jin lan jia sha, Jia sha dai, Wu tiao, Jia luo sha ye, Heng jia sha, Wu gou yi, Tan you jia sha, Fang fu, Da jia sha, Da jia sha ji, Wu tie jia sha.
Relevant text
Search found 6 books and stories containing Jia sha, Jiā shā, Jiǎ shā, Jiāshā, Jiasha, Jiǎshā, 伽沙, 加沙, 夾殺, 甲剎, 袈裟, 迦沙; (plurals include: Jia shas, Jiā shās, Jiǎ shās, Jiāshās, Jiashas, Jiǎshās). You can also click to the full overview containing English textual excerpts. Below are direct links for the most relevant articles:
Taisho: Chinese Buddhist Canon
Chapter 21: The Great Master's Vows < [Part 158 - Karunapundarika-sutra (unkown translator)]
The Sutra of the Great Auspicious King, Scroll 5 < [Part 191 - The Sutra of the Great King]
Chapter 13: The Chapter on King Bimbisara's Questions. < [Part 193 - Buddhacharita (translated by Bao Yun)]
Hualin International Journal of Buddhist Studies
Welter, Albert. The Administration of Buddhism in China < [Hualin International Journal of Buddhist Studies 3.2 (2020)]
Beneficial to Behold: Buddhist Vision and Efficacy in the Qing Empire < [Hualin International Journal of Buddhist Studies 7.2 (2024)]
Was the Mahāparinirvāṇa-sūtra 大般涅槃經 T7 Translated by ‘Faxian’? < [Hualin International Journal of Buddhist Studies 2.1 (2019)]
Buddhist Robes That Are and Are Not < [Volume 16, Issue 6 (2025)]
A Study on Pei Yue and His Poems Written to Monks < [Volume 13, Issue 3 (2022)]
From Pagoda to Pavilion < [Volume 15, Issue 3 (2024)]
Ksitigarbha Bodhisattva (Sutra of the Great Vow)
A Dictionary Of Chinese Buddhist Terms (by William Edward Soothill)
Sustainable Lake Basin Water Resource Governance in China: The Case of Tai Lake < [Volume 7, Issue 12, December (2015)]
Decoupling Economic Growth from Carbon Emissions in the Yangtze River... < [Volume 16, Issue 6 (2024)]