Ji xian, Jī xián, Jī xiān, Jī xiàn, Jí xiàn, Jí xián, Jǐ xiàn, Jì xián, Jì xiàn, Jí xiǎn, Jì xiān: 16 definitions
Introduction:
Ji xian means something in Buddhism, Pali. If you want to know the exact meaning, history, etymology or English translation of this term then check out the descriptions on this page. Add your comment or reference to a book if you want to contribute to this summary article.
In Buddhism
Chinese Buddhism
譏嫌 [ji xian]—To hold in contempt; to satirize.
[The following represents an unverified English translation. For all purposes consult the original Chinese text.]
譏嫌 [ji xian]—讥嫌 [ji xian] (jī xián) – [Miscellaneous term] Also written as 机嫌 [ji xian] (jī xián).
讥嫌 [ji xian] (jī xián) refers to the criticism and dislike of others. To not do things that would cause others to criticize or dislike you is called 护机嫌 [hu ji xian] (hù jī xián) (guarding against criticism).
The Awakening of Faith in Mahayana states: "One should guard against criticism (讥嫌 [ji xian]), so as not to cause sentient beings to falsely commit transgressions."
The Surangama Sutra, Volume 9, states: "Slandering bhikshus, reviling disciples, revealing private affairs, not avoiding criticism (讥嫌 [ji xian])."
The Nirvana Sutra, Volume 11, states: "The precept of stopping worldly criticism (讥嫌 [ji xian])."
The Pure Land Treatise states: "In the realm of Mahayana roots of goodness, there is no name for criticism (讥嫌 [ji xian])."
譏嫌—【雜語】又作機嫌。譏嫌者，謂他人之譏嫌也不為他人譏嫌之事，謂之護機嫌。起信論曰：「當護譏嫌，不令眾生妄起過罪故。」楞嚴經九曰：「誹謗比丘，罵詈徒眾，許露人事，不避譏嫌。」涅槃經十一曰：「息世譏嫌戒。」淨土論曰：「大乘善根界，等無譏嫌名。」
[zá yǔ] yòu zuò jī xián. jī xián zhě, wèi tā rén zhī jī xián yě bù wèi tā rén jī xián zhī shì, wèi zhī hù jī xián. qǐ xìn lùn yuē: “dāng hù jī xián, bù lìng zhòng shēng wàng qǐ guò zuì gù.” léng yán jīng jiǔ yuē: “fěi bàng bǐ qiū, mà lì tú zhòng, xǔ lù rén shì, bù bì jī xián.” niè pán jīng shí yī yuē: “xī shì jī xián jiè.” jìng tǔ lùn yuē: “dà chéng shàn gēn jiè, děng wú jī xián míng.”
[za yu] you zuo ji xian. ji xian zhe, wei ta ren zhi ji xian ye bu wei ta ren ji xian zhi shi, wei zhi hu ji xian. qi xin lun yue: "dang hu ji xian, bu ling zhong sheng wang qi guo zui gu." leng yan jing jiu yue: "fei bang bi qiu, ma li tu zhong, xu lu ren shi, bu bi ji xian." nie pan jing shi yi yue: "xi shi ji xian jie." jing tu lun yue: "da cheng shan gen jie, deng wu ji xian ming."
Chinese Buddhism (漢傳佛教, hanchuan fojiao) is the form of Buddhism that developed in China, blending Mahayana teachings with Daoist and Confucian thought. Its texts are mainly in Classical Chinese, based on translations from Sanskrit. Major schools include Chan (Zen), Pure Land, Tiantai, and Huayan. Chinese Buddhism has greatly influenced East Asian religion and culture.
Languages of India and abroad
Chinese-English dictionary
[The following represents an unverified English translation. For all purposes consult the original Chinese text.]
乩仙 [jī xiān] [ji xian]—
The immortal (神仙 [shen xian]) invited during a planchette (扶乩 [fu ji]) session. From The Scholars (儒林外史 [ru lin wai shi]), Chapter 7: "Chen Li (陈礼 [chen li]), styled Hefu (和甫 [he fu]), from Nanchang County (南昌县 [nan chang xian]), Jiangxi (江西 [jiang xi]), was skilled in the spiritual calculations of the planchette immortal (神数 [shen shu]). He once practiced his art in Guanyin Temple (观音庵 [guan yin an]) at Xuejiaji (薛 [xue]jiaji) in Wenshang County (汶上县 [wen shang xian])." From Dream of the Red Chamber (红楼梦 [hong lou meng]), Chapter 4: "The planchette immortal decreed: The deceased Feng Yuan (冯渊 [feng yuan]) and Xue Pan (薛蟠 [xue pan]) met due to past karmic debts (夙孽 [su nie]). Now that they have encountered each other on a narrow path, it is time for their affairs to be concluded." Also written as "箕仙 [ji xian]" (Jīxiān).
乩仙：扶乩時所請的神仙。《儒林外史》第七回：「江西南昌縣陳禮，字和甫，素善乩仙神數，曾在汶上縣薛家集觀音庵內行道。」《紅樓夢》第四回：「乩仙批了：死者馮淵與薛蟠原因夙孽相逢，今狹路既遇，原應了結。」也作「箕仙」。
jī xiān: fú jī shí suǒ qǐng de shén xiān. < rú lín wài shǐ> dì qī huí: “jiāng xī nán chāng xiàn chén lǐ, zì hé fǔ, sù shàn jī xiān shén shù, céng zài wèn shàng xiàn xuē jiā jí guān yīn ān nèi xíng dào.” < hóng lóu mèng> dì sì huí: “jī xiān pī le: sǐ zhě féng yuān yǔ xuē pán yuán yīn sù niè xiāng féng, jīn xiá lù jì yù, yuán yīng le jié.” yě zuò “jī xiān” .
ji xian: fu ji shi suo qing de shen xian. < ru lin wai shi> di qi hui: "jiang xi nan chang xian chen li, zi he fu, su shan ji xian shen shu, ceng zai wen shang xian xue jia ji guan yin an nei xing dao." < hong lou meng> di si hui: "ji xian pi le: si zhe feng yuan yu xue pan yuan yin su nie xiang feng, jin xia lu ji yu, yuan ying le jie." ye zuo "ji xian" .
[The following represents an unverified English translation. For all purposes consult the original Chinese text.]
基線 [jī xiàn] [ji xian]—
A line segment (線段 [xian duan]) used as a reference (基準 [ji zhun]) during measurement (測量 [ce liang]).
基線：測量時用來做為基準的線段。
jī xiàn: cè liàng shí yòng lái zuò wèi jī zhǔn de xiàn duàn.
ji xian: ce liang shi yong lai zuo wei ji zhun de xian duan.
[The following represents an unverified English translation. For all purposes consult the original Chinese text.]
畿縣 [jī xiàn] [ji xian]—
County towns near the capital city (京城附近的縣城 [jing cheng fu jin de xian cheng]). From Zizhi Tongjian (資治通鑑 [zi zhi tong jian]), Volume 223 (卷二二三 [juan er er san]), Annals of Tang (唐紀二十三 [tang ji er shi san]), First Year of Yongtai Era of Emperor Daizong (代宗永泰元年 [dai zong yong tai yuan nian]): "How could you (奈何 [nai he]) break the agreement (負約 [fu yue]), penetrate deep into our territory (深入吾地 [shen ru wu de]), and encroach upon (侵逼 [qin bi]) the counties of the capital region?"
畿縣：京城附近的縣城。《資治通鑑．卷二二三．唐紀二十三．代宗永泰元年》：「奈何負約，深入吾地，侵逼畿縣？」
jī xiàn: jīng chéng fù jìn de xiàn chéng. < zī zhì tōng jiàn． juǎn èr èr sān． táng jì èr shí sān． dài zōng yǒng tài yuán nián>: “nài hé fù yuē, shēn rù wú de, qīn bī jī xiàn?”
ji xian: jing cheng fu jin de xian cheng. < zi zhi tong jian. juan er er san. tang ji er shi san. dai zong yong tai yuan nian>: "nai he fu yue, shen ru wu de, qin bi ji xian?"
[The following represents an unverified English translation. For all purposes consult the original Chinese text.]
機先 [jī xiān] [ji xian]—
At a time when things show slight signs (徵兆 [zheng zhao]) but have not yet happened.
Song Shu (《宋書 [song shu]》), Volume 94, En Xing Zhuan (《恩倖傳 [en xing chuan]》), Xu Yuan Zhuan (《徐爰傳 [xu yuan chuan]》): "They presumed themselves to embody profound virtue (體含德厚 [ti han de hou]) and to perceive opportunities before they arose (識鑑 [shi jian]), but their path of error deepened (迷塗遂深 [mi tu sui shen]), and they failed to realize their mistakes and correct them (罔知革悟 [wang zhi ge wu])."
Xin Tang Shu (《新唐書 [xin tang shu]》), Volume 115, Di Renjie Zhuan (《狄仁傑傳 [di ren jie chuan]》): "This is because grace was not widely extended (恩不溥洽 [en bu pu qia]), and the mistake occurred at the very outset (失在 [shi zai])."
機先：事情微有徵兆而尚未發生之時。《宋書．卷九四．恩倖傳．徐爰傳》：「自以體含德厚，識鑑機先，迷塗遂深，罔知革悟。」《新唐書．卷一一五．狄仁傑傳》：「此由恩不溥洽，失在機先。」
jī xiān: shì qíng wēi yǒu zhēng zhào ér shàng wèi fā shēng zhī shí. < sòng shū． juǎn jiǔ sì． ēn xìng chuán． xú yuán chuán>: “zì yǐ tǐ hán dé hòu, shí jiàn jī xiān, mí tú suì shēn, wǎng zhī gé wù.” < xīn táng shū． juǎn yī yī wǔ． dí rén jié chuán>: “cǐ yóu ēn bù pǔ qià, shī zài jī xiān.”
ji xian: shi qing wei you zheng zhao er shang wei fa sheng zhi shi. < song shu. juan jiu si. en xing chuan. xu yuan chuan>: "zi yi ti han de hou, shi jian ji xian, mi tu sui shen, wang zhi ge wu." < xin tang shu. juan yi yi wu. di ren jie chuan>: "ci you en bu pu qia, shi zai ji xian."
[The following represents an unverified English translation. For all purposes consult the original Chinese text.]
極限 [jí xiàn] [ji xian]—
1. The highest limit or boundary. For example: "Patience has its 极限 [ji xian] (jíxiàn)."
2. In 数学 [shu xue] (shùxué), it refers to a 变量 [bian liang] (biànliàng) that changes according to a certain rule. If the result of its continuous change approaches a 常数 [chang shu] (chángshù), then this constant is called the 变量 [bian liang]'s 极限 [ji xian] (jíxiàn).
極限：1.最高的限度。如：「忍耐是有極限的。」
2.數學上指一個變量按一定規律變化，若持續變化的結果趨近於一常數，則稱此常數為變量的極限。
jí xiàn:1. zuì gāo de xiàn dù. rú: “rěn nài shì yǒu jí xiàn de.”
2. shù xué shàng zhǐ yī gè biàn liàng àn yī dìng guī lǜ biàn huà, ruò chí xù biàn huà de jié guǒ qū jìn yú yī cháng shù, zé chēng cǐ cháng shù wèi biàn liàng de jí xiàn.
ji xian:1. zui gao de xian du. ru: "ren nai shi you ji xian de."
2. shu xue shang zhi yi ge bian liang an yi ding gui lu bian hua, ruo chi xu bian hua de jie guo qu jin yu yi chang shu, ze cheng ci chang shu wei bian liang de ji xian.
[The following represents an unverified English translation. For all purposes consult the original Chinese text.]
擠陷 [jǐ xiàn] [ji xian]—
Deliberately framing (蓄意陷害 [xu yi xian hai]) others (他人 [ta ren]).
From "New Book of Tang" (新唐書 [xin tang shu]), Volume 139 (卷一三九 [juan yi san jiu]), "Biography of Li Bi" (李泌傳 [li mi chuan]): "Moreover, Yang Yan's (楊炎 [yang yan]) crime did not warrant death (罪不至死 [zui bu zhi si]), yet Bi (泌 [mi]) framed him and spread (播 [bo]) the related (相關 [xiang guan]) matters."
擠陷：蓄意陷害他人。《新唐書．卷一三九．李泌傳》：「又楊炎罪不至死，𣏌擠陷之而相關播。」
jǐ xiàn: xù yì xiàn hài tā rén. < xīn táng shū． juǎn yī sān jiǔ． lǐ mì chuán>: “yòu yáng yán zuì bù zhì sǐ, 𣏌 jǐ xiàn zhī ér xiāng guān bō.”
ji xian: xu yi xian hai ta ren. < xin tang shu. juan yi san jiu. li mi chuan>: "you yang yan zui bu zhi si, 𣏌 ji xian zhi er xiang guan bo."
[The following represents an unverified English translation. For all purposes consult the original Chinese text.]
祭獻 [jì xiàn] [ji xian]—
Offering articles (物品 [wu pin]) for worship (供奉 [gong feng]) and sacrifice (祭祀 [ji si]). From "Stories to Caution the World" (警世通言 [jing shi tong yan]), Volume 15, "Magistrate Jin's Beautiful Maid Repays Xiutong" (金令史美婢酬秀童 [jin ling shi mei bi chou xiu tong]): "Another two days passed, and it was the fifth day of the first lunar month (正月初五 [zheng yue chu wu]). According to Suzhou (蘇州 [su zhou]) custom (風俗 [feng su]), on this day, every household (家家戶戶 [jia jia hu hu]) offered sacrifices to the Five-Roads God (五路大神 [wu lu da shen]), which was called 'burning good fortune' (燒利市 [shao li shi])."
祭獻：供奉物品祭祀。《警世通言．卷一五．金令史美婢酬秀童》：「又過了兩日，是正月初五，蘇州風俗，是日家家戶戶，祭獻五路大神，謂之燒利市。」
jì xiàn: gōng fèng wù pǐn jì sì. < jǐng shì tōng yán． juǎn yī wǔ． jīn lìng shǐ měi bì chóu xiù tóng>: “yòu guò le liǎng rì, shì zhèng yuè chū wǔ, sū zhōu fēng sú, shì rì jiā jiā hù hù, jì xiàn wǔ lù dà shén, wèi zhī shāo lì shì.”
ji xian: gong feng wu pin ji si. < jing shi tong yan. juan yi wu. jin ling shi mei bi chou xiu tong>: "you guo le liang ri, shi zheng yue chu wu, su zhou feng su, shi ri jia jia hu hu, ji xian wu lu da shen, wei zhi shao li shi."
1) 冀縣 t = 冀县 s = jì xiàn p refers to “Ji county in Hebei”.
2) 吉縣 t = 吉县 s = jí xiàn p refers to “Ji county in Linfen 臨汾 | 临汾 [Lin2 fen2], Shanxi”..
3) 基線 t = 基线 s = jī xiàn p refers to “baseline (surveying, budgeting, typography etc)/(math.) base (of a triangle)”..
4) 忌羨 t = 忌羡 s = jì xiàn p refers to “to envy”..
5) 極限 t = 极限 s = jí xiàn p refers to “limit/extreme boundary”..
6) 脊線 t = 脊线 s = jí xiàn p refers to “ridge line”..
7) 跡線 t = 迹线 s = jī xiàn p refers to “trajectory”..
8) 集賢 t = 集贤 s = jí xián p refers to “Jixian county in Shuangyashan 雙鴨山 | 双鸭山 [Shuang1 ya1 shan1], Heilongjiang”..
9) 集顯 t = 集显 s = jí xiǎn p refers to “integrated GPU (abbr. for 集成顯卡 | 集成显卡 [ji2 cheng2 xian3 ka3])”..
1) 濟暹 [jì xiān] refers to: “Saisen” [Chinese personal name].
濟暹 is further associated with the following language/terms:
[Vietnamese] tế/tể xiêm.
[Korean] 제섬 / Jeseom.
[Japanese] セイセン / Saisen.
2) 譏嫌 [jī xián] refers to: “contempt”.
譏嫌 is further associated with the following language/terms:
[Related Chinese terms] 惰慢.
[Vietnamese] cơ hiềm.
[Korean] 기혐 / gihyeom.
[Japanese] キゲン / kigen.
3) 計限 [jì xiàn] refers to: “count to the utmost limits”.
計限 is further associated with the following language/terms:
[Vietnamese] kế hạn.
[Korean] 계한 / gyehan.
[Japanese] ケイゲン / keigen.
4) 機嫌 [jī xián] refers to: “disliked by people”.
機嫌 is further associated with the following language/terms:
[Vietnamese] cơ hiềm.
[Korean] 기혐 / gihyeom.
[Japanese] キゲン / kigen.
5) 機先 [jī xiān] refers to: “incipiency”.
機先 is further associated with the following language/terms:
[Related Chinese terms] 機前.
[Vietnamese] cơ tiên.
[Korean] 기선 / giseon.
[Japanese] キセン / kisen.
6) 卽現 [jí xiàn] refers to: “to directly reveal”.
卽現 is further associated with the following language/terms:
[Vietnamese] tức hiện.
[Korean] 즉현 / jeukhyeon.
[Japanese] ソクゲン / sokugen.
Chinese language.
See also (Relevant definitions)
Starts with (+27): Ji xian bai, Ji xian bai yi, Ji xian dian shu yuan, Ji xian feng, Ji xian jie, Ji xian le, Ji xian ming, Ji xian qi, Ji xian shu yuan, Ji xian wei, Ji xian xian, Ji xian yuan, Ji xiang, Ji xiang ba bao, Ji xiang cao, Ji xiang chan fa, Ji xiang chi shi jing, Ji xiang chou, Ji xiang de, Ji xiang gong de tian.
Full-text (+414): Ji xian jie, Xi shi ji xian jie, An ji xian, Yong ji xian, Xian ji, Ji xian shu yuan, Ji xian yuan, Ji xian dian shu yuan, Ji xian ming, Ji xian xian, Xi ji xian, Luo ji xian ren, Wu ji xian, Li ji xian ming yuan, Ju ji xian xian, Dong cha ji xian, Da ji xian hu jing, Dong zhu ji xian, Ding tian, Tuc hien.
Relevant text
Search found 7 books and stories containing Ji xian, Jī xián, Jī xiān, Jī xiàn, Jí xiàn, Jí xián, Jǐ xiàn, Jì xián, Jì xiàn, Jí xiǎn, Jì xiān, Jīxián, Jixian, Jīxiān, Jīxiàn, Jíxiàn, Jíxián, Jǐxiàn, Jìxián, Jìxiàn, Jíxiǎn, Jìxiān, Jǐxiān, Jixiàn, 乩仙, 冀县, 冀縣, 卽現, 吉县, 吉縣, 基線, 基线, 嫉賢, 季咸, 忌羡, 忌羨, 急絃, 擠陷, 极限, 極限, 機先, 機嫌, 濟暹, 畿縣, 祭獻, 箕仙, 脊線, 脊线, 薊縣, 計限, 譏嫌, 跡線, 迹线, 集显, 集賢, 集贤, 集顯; (plurals include: Ji xians, Jī xiáns, Jī xiāns, Jī xiàns, Jí xiàns, Jí xiáns, Jǐ xiàns, Jì xiáns, Jì xiàns, Jí xiǎns, Jì xiāns, Jīxiáns, Jixians, Jīxiāns, Jīxiàns, Jíxiàns, Jíxiáns, Jǐxiàns, Jìxiáns, Jìxiàns, Jíxiǎns, Jìxiāns, Jǐxiāns, Jixiàns). You can also click to the full overview containing English textual excerpts. Below are direct links for the most relevant articles:
Taisho: Chinese Buddhist Canon
Chapter 19: The Chapter on Responses and Inspirations < [Part 158 - Karunapundarika-sutra (unkown translator)]
Chapter 2: The Tushita Heaven < [Part 187 - Lalitavistara (translated by Divakara)]
Sutta 5: The King Who Gave His Head < [Part 152 - Discourse of the Collection of the Six Perfections]
Hualin International Journal of Buddhist Studies
The Merging of Tiantai and Vinaya < [Hualin International Journal of Buddhist Studies 4.1 (2021)]
Liuli in Buddhist Rituals and Art in Medieval China 中古中國佛教儀式與藝術中的琉璃 < [Hualin International Journal of Buddhist Studies 1.2 (2018)]
Religion as a Binding Force in Urban Society < [Hualin International Journal of Buddhist Studies 6.2 (2023)]
A Dictionary Of Chinese Buddhist Terms (by William Edward Soothill)
A New Form of Taoist Theurgy in the Qing Dynasty < [Volume 14, Issue 6 (2023)]
Chan Gong’an and the “Flexible Method” < [Volume 14, Issue 9 (2023)]
Veneration of the Buddhist Canon and National Integration in the Yuan Dynasty < [Volume 16, Issue 6 (2025)]
Stability Analysis of a High-Steep Dump Slope under Different Rainfall... < [Volume 14, Issue 18 (2022)]
Characterizing Spatiotemporal Pattern of Land Use Change and Its Driving... < [Volume 9, Issue 6 (2017)]
Numerical Simulation of Ground Subsidence Response Conditional on Geothermal... < [Volume 15, Issue 10 (2023)]
International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health (MDPI)
The Influence of Emotional Health on the Activity Characteristics of the... < [Volume 18, Issue 23 (2021)]
Radioactivity of Drinking-Water in the Vicinity of Nuclear Power Plants in... < [Volume 10, Issue 12 (2013)]
Multi-Scale Influencing Factors and Prediction Analysis < [Volume 19, Issue 15 (2022)]