Janmamrityu, Janmamṛtyu, Janman-mrityu: 5 definitions
Introduction:
Janmamrityu means something in Hinduism, Sanskrit, Jainism, Prakrit. If you want to know the exact meaning, history, etymology or English translation of this term then check out the descriptions on this page. Add your comment or reference to a book if you want to contribute to this summary article.
The Sanskrit term Janmamṛtyu can be transliterated into English as Janmamrtyu or Janmamrityu, using the IAST transliteration scheme (?).
In Hinduism
Purana and Itihasa (epic history)
Janmamṛtyu (जन्ममृत्यु) refers to “birth and death”, according to the Śivapurāṇa 2.1.15:—“[...] on hearing my words, the lord of lords, Rudra, created many Gaṇas identical with Himself. I [viz., Brahmā] again told the great lord Rudra—‘O lord, please create those subjects, tormented by the fear of birth and death (janmamṛtyu-bhaya-āviṣṭa)’. O foremost among sages! on hearing my words the merciful lord Rudra laughed and said thus:
Lord Rudra said:—“O Brahmā, I shall not create the subjects tormented by the fear of birth and death (janmamṛtyu-bhaya-āviṣṭa). The inauspicious beings (aśobhana) are immersed in the ocean of distress (duḥkhavāridhi) by their own actions. In my manifestation in the form of preceptor I shall lift up these beings immersed in the ocean of distress (duḥkhodadhi) by conferring on them perfect knowledge (samyakjñāna). You alone, create all the miserable subjects, O Lord! At my bidding, you will not be bound by illusion (māyā)”.
The Purana (पुराण, purāṇas) refers to Sanskrit literature preserving ancient India’s vast cultural history, including historical legends, religious ceremonies, various arts and sciences. The eighteen mahapuranas total over 400,000 shlokas (metrical couplets) and date to at least several centuries BCE.
Vedanta (school of philosophy)
Janmamṛtyu (जन्ममृत्यु) refers to “birth and death” (presented as originating from fate—daiva), according to the Aṣṭāvakragītā (5th century BC), an ancient text on spirituality dealing with Advaita-Vedānta topics.—Accordingly, [as Aṣṭavakra says to Janaka]: “[...] Realising that misfortune and fortune come in their turn from fate, one is contented, one's senses under control, and does not like or dislike. Realising that pleasure and pain, birth and death (janmamṛtyu) are from fate, and that one's desires cannot be achieved, one remains inactive, and even when acting does not get attached. [...]”.
Vedanta (वेदान्त, vedānta) refers to a school of orthodox Hindu philosophy (astika), drawing its subject-matter from the Upanishads. There are a number of sub-schools of Vedanta, however all of them expound on the basic teaching of the ultimate reality (brahman) and liberation (moksha) of the individual soul (atman).
In Jainism
General definition (in Jainism)
Janmamṛtyu (जन्ममृत्यु) refers to “birth and death”, according to the 11th century Jñānārṇava, a treatise on Jain Yoga in roughly 2200 Sanskrit verses composed by Śubhacandra.—Accordingly, “Companions are born only for this one to enjoy possessions but not to endure the pitiless succession of calamities arising from one’s own action. Why do the stupid, who are afflicted by the planet of [their] birth, not see solitariness which is perceived directly in the occurrence of birth and death (janmamṛtyu-saṃpāta)?”.
Synonyms: Janmamaraṇa.
Jainism is an Indian religion of Dharma whose doctrine revolves around harmlessness (ahimsa) towards every living being. The two major branches (Digambara and Svetambara) of Jainism stimulate self-control (or, shramana, ‘self-reliance’) and spiritual development through a path of peace for the soul to progess to the ultimate goal.
Languages of India and abroad
Sanskrit dictionary
Janmamṛtyu (जन्ममृत्यु).—[masculine] [dual] birth and death.
Janmamṛtyu (जन्ममृत्यु):—[=janma-mṛtyu] [from janma > janīya] m. [dual number] birth and death, [Kaṭha-upaniṣad]
Sanskrit, also spelled संस्कृतम् (saṃskṛtam), is an ancient language of India commonly seen as the grandmother of the Indo-European language family (even English!). Closely allied with Prakrit and Pali, Sanskrit is more exhaustive in both grammar and terms and has the most extensive collection of literature in the world, greatly surpassing its sister-languages Greek and Latin.
See also (Relevant definitions)
Partial matches: Mrityu, Janman.
Full-text: Sheng lao bing si, Janmamarana, Duhkhodadhi, Duhkhavaridhi, Sampata.
Relevant text
Search found 14 books and stories containing Janmamrityu, Janma-mrityu, Janma-mrtyu, Janma-mṛtyu, Janmamṛtyu, Janmamrtyu, Janman-mrityu, Janman-mṛtyu, Janman-mrtyu; (plurals include: Janmamrityus, mrityus, mrtyus, mṛtyus, Janmamṛtyus, Janmamrtyus). You can also click to the full overview containing English textual excerpts. Below are direct links for the most relevant articles:
Dictionaries of Indian languages (Kosha)
Page 183 < [Hindi-Assamese-English Volume 1]
Page 183 < [Hindi-Bengali-English Volume 1]
Page 182 < [Hindi-Marathi-English Volume 1]
Bhagavad-gita (with Vaishnava commentaries) (by Narayana Gosvami)
Verse 14.20 < [Chapter 14 - Guṇa-traya-vibhāga-yoga]
Verses 13.8-12 < [Chapter 13 - Prakṛti-puruṣa-vibhāga-yoga]
Chaitanya Bhagavata (by Bhumipati Dāsa)
Verse 3.8.173 < [Chapter 8 - Mahāprabhu’s Water Sports in Narendra- sarovara]
A Descriptive Catalogue of the Sanskrit Manuscripts, Madras (by M. Seshagiri Sastri)
Page 102 < [Volume 4, Part 1 (1908)]
Page 313 < [Volume 1, Part 3 (1905)]
Page 24 < [Volume 26 (1927)]
Brahma Sutras (Govinda Bhashya) (by Kusakratha das Brahmacari)
Adhikarana 11: Meditation on the Supreme Personality of Godhead < [Adhyaya 3, Pada 3]
Kailash: Journal of Himalayan Studies
Ram Shah's reign: a discussion < [Volume 1, Number 1 (1973)]