Ignorance, Ignorant: 6 definitions

Introduction:

Ignorance means something in Buddhism, Pali, Hinduism, Sanskrit, Christianity, Jainism, Prakrit. If you want to know the exact meaning, history, etymology or English translation of this term then check out the descriptions on this page. Add your comment or reference to a book if you want to contribute to this summary article.

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In Hinduism

Yoga (school of philosophy)

[«previous next»] — Ignorance in Yoga glossary
Source: ORA: Amanaska (king of all yogas): A Critical Edition and Annotated Translation by Jason Birch

Ignorant persons are denoted by the Sanskrit term Ajānat, according to the Haṭhapradīpikā of Svātmārāma: an influential 15th-century Sanskrit manual on Hatha-Yoga dealing with techniques to channel one’s vital energy.—Accordingly, “The compassionate Svātmārāma presents the Haṭhapradīpikā for those ignorant (ajānat) of Rājayoga because of their confusion in the darkness of many [conflicting] opinions”.

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Yoga is originally considered a branch of Hindu philosophy (astika), but both ancient and modern Yoga combine the physical, mental and spiritual. Yoga teaches various physical techniques also known as āsanas (postures), used for various purposes (eg., meditation, contemplation, relaxation).

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Vaishnavism (Vaishava dharma)

Source: Pure Bhakti: Brahma-samhita

“Ignorance” can be denoted by the Sanskrit term avidyā.—It is included in the English glossary section of the translation of the Brahma-samhita.

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Vaishnava (वैष्णव, vaiṣṇava) or vaishnavism (vaiṣṇavism) represents a tradition of Hinduism worshipping Vishnu as the supreme Lord. Similar to the Shaktism and Shaivism traditions, Vaishnavism also developed as an individual movement, famous for its exposition of the dashavatara (‘ten avatars of Vishnu’).

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In Buddhism

Tibetan Buddhism (Vajrayana or tantric Buddhism)

Source: Google Books: The Crystal Mirror of Philosophical Systems

Ignorance (or Illusion, Stupidity) refers to one of the “Three Poisons” which are known in Tibetan as nyon mongs.—Accordingly, the delusions (Tibetan: nyon mongs; Sanskrit: kleśa) are also translated as “afflictions” or “defilements” and represent the fundamental negative factors that, along with karma, serve to keep sentient beings in their samsaric condition and must be uprooted for liberation to occur. Lists of delusions are manifold, and range from the so-called three poisons [e.g., ignorance], to the twenty deluded mental factors specified in abhidharma, to symbolically potent but nonspecific references to 84,000 delusions.

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Tibetan Buddhism includes schools such as Nyingma, Kadampa, Kagyu and Gelug. Their primary canon of literature is divided in two broad categories: The Kangyur, which consists of Buddha’s words, and the Tengyur, which includes commentaries from various sources. Esotericism and tantra techniques (vajrayāna) are collected indepently.

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In Jainism

General definition (in Jainism)

[«previous next»] — Ignorance in Jainism glossary
Source: academia.edu: Tessitori Collection I

Ignorance refers to one of the “thirteen difficulties”, according to the “Teraha kāṭhīyā-svādhyāya” by Jinaharṣa (dealing with the Ethics section of Jain Canonical literature), which is included in the collection of manuscripts at the ‘Vincenzo Joppi’ library, collected by Luigi Pio Tessitori during his visit to Rajasthan between 1914 and 1919.—The exposition of the ‘thirteen difficulties’ [e.g., ignorance (ajñāna)] against which one should fight as they are hindrances to proper religious practice is a widespread topic in Jain literature in Gujarati.

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Jainism is an Indian religion of Dharma whose doctrine revolves around harmlessness (ahimsa) towards every living being. The two major branches (Digambara and Svetambara) of Jainism stimulate self-control (or, shramana, ‘self-reliance’) and spiritual development through a path of peace for the soul to progess to the ultimate goal.

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