Hrasva, Hrasvā: 13 definitions
Introduction
Introduction:
Hrasva means something in Buddhism, Pali, Hinduism, Sanskrit, Marathi. If you want to know the exact meaning, history, etymology or English translation of this term then check out the descriptions on this page. Add your comment or reference to a book if you want to contribute to this summary article.
In Hinduism
Natyashastra (theatrics and dramaturgy)
Source: Shodhganga: Mankhaka a sanskrit literary genius (natya)Hrasva (ह्रस्व, “short”).—A verse in Sanskrit is of four feet or quarters or pādas. Each pāda is regulated either by a number of syllables (akṣaras) or by a number of syllabic instant or measures (mātrās). A syllable is short or long i.e. hrasva or dīrgha according to its vowel is short or long. But short vowel becomes long in prosody, when it is followed by anusvāra, visarga or by a conjunct consonant. The last syllable of a pāda is optionally long or short according to the exigence of the metre, whatever be its natural length.
Natyashastra (नाट्यशास्त्र, nāṭyaśāstra) refers to both the ancient Indian tradition (śāstra) of performing arts, (nāṭya, e.g., theatrics, drama, dance, music), as well as the name of a Sanskrit work dealing with these subjects. It also teaches the rules for composing dramatic plays (nataka) and poetic works (kavya).
Chandas (prosody, study of Sanskrit metres)
Source: Shodhganga: a concise history of Sanskrit Chanda literatureHrasva (ह्रस्व, “short”) or Laghu or La refers to short letter in a verse.—The whole chanda literature has several technical terms, by which it is controlled. Single letters are used to denote a specific instance. The letter ga stands for guru letter while the letter la stands for laghu letter. In a verse the letter which is guru is also known as dīrgha (long) and which is laghu is also known as hrasva (short). The dīrgha letter consists of two mātrās while the hrasva letter consists of one mātrā.
Laghu can be identified as menu, kāhāla (daṇḍa) or śara, and the guru symbols can be identified as the shape of tāṭaṅka, hāra or keyūra.
Chandas (छन्दस्) refers to Sanskrit prosody and represents one of the six Vedangas (auxiliary disciplines belonging to the study of the Vedas). The science of prosody (chandas-shastra) focusses on the study of the poetic meters such as the commonly known twenty-six metres mentioned by Pingalas.
Ayurveda (science of life)
Source: WorldCat: Rāj nighaṇṭu1) Hrasvā (ह्रस्वा) is another name for Mudgaparṇī, a medicinal plant identified with Vigna radiata (mung bean or green gram) from the Fabaceae, or “pea family” of flowering plants, according to verse 3.34-36 of the 13th-century Raj Nighantu or Rājanighaṇṭu. The third chapter (guḍūcyādi-varga) of this book contains climbers and creepers (vīrudh). Together with the names Hrasvā and Mudgaparṇī, there are a total of fifteen Sanskrit synonyms identified for this plant.
2) Hrasvā (ह्रस्वा) is also mentioned as a synonym for Bhadrodanī, an unidentified medicinal plant, according to verse 4.103-105. The fourth chapter (śatāhvādi-varga) of this book enumerates eighty varieties of small plants (pṛthu-kṣupa). Note: Narhari’s Bhadrodanī may be Rājabalā of Dh. [Dhanvantari?]. Together with the names Hrasvā and Bhadrodanī, there are a total of sixteen Sanskrit synonyms identified for this plant.
Āyurveda (आयुर्वेद, ayurveda) is a branch of Indian science dealing with medicine, herbalism, taxology, anatomy, surgery, alchemy and related topics. Traditional practice of Āyurveda in ancient India dates back to at least the first millenium BC. Literature is commonly written in Sanskrit using various poetic metres.
Pancaratra (worship of Nārāyaṇa)
Source: eScholarship: Chapters 1-14 of the Hayasirsa PancaratraHrasva (ह्रस्व) refers to “one who is a short”, representing an undesirable characteristic of an Ācārya, according to the 9th-century Hayaśīrṣa-pañcarātra Ādikāṇḍa chapter 3.—The Lord said:—“I will tell you about the Sthāpakas endowed with perverse qualities. He should not construct a temple with those who are avoided in this Tantra. [...] He should not be very dark, without compassion, a sinner, nor emaciated, short (hrasva) or lazy, he should not be injured, uncultured, agitated and not depressed. [...] A god enshrined by any of these named above (viz., hrasva), is in no manner a giver of fruit. If a building for Viṣṇu is made anywhere by these excluded types (viz., hrasva) then that temple will not give rise to enjoyment and liberation and will yield no reward, of this there is no doubt”.
Pancaratra (पाञ्चरात्र, pāñcarātra) represents a tradition of Hinduism where Narayana is revered and worshipped. Closeley related to Vaishnavism, the Pancaratra literature includes various Agamas and tantras incorporating many Vaishnava philosophies.
In Buddhism
General definition (in Buddhism)
Source: Wisdom Library: Dharma-samgrahaHrasva (ह्रस्व, “short”) refers to one of the “twenty form objects” (rūpa) as defined in the Dharma-saṃgraha (section 34). The Dharma-samgraha (Dharmasangraha) is an extensive glossary of Buddhist technical terms in Sanskrit (e.g., hrasva). The work is attributed to Nagarjuna who lived around the 2nd century A.D.
Languages of India and abroad
Marathi-English dictionary
Source: DDSA: The Aryabhusan school dictionary, Marathi-Englishhrasva (ह्रस्व).—a Short; low in stature. m A dwarf.
Marathi is an Indo-European language having over 70 million native speakers people in (predominantly) Maharashtra India. Marathi, like many other Indo-Aryan languages, evolved from early forms of Prakrit, which itself is a subset of Sanskrit, one of the most ancient languages of the world.
Sanskrit dictionary
Source: DDSA: The practical Sanskrit-English dictionaryHrasva (ह्रस्व).—a. [hras-van] (compar. hrasīyas; superl. hrasiṣṭha)
1) Short, small, little.
2) Dwarfish, low or short in stature.
3) Short (opp. to dīrgha in prosody).
4) Minor, very young in age; जाता ह्रस्वा प्रजा प्रमीयते (jātā hrasvā prajā pramīyate) Mb.3.197.13.
5) Unimportant, insignificant.
-svaḥ 1 A dwarf.
2) A short vowel.
-svam Green or black sulphate of iron.
Source: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Shabda-Sagara Sanskrit-English DictionaryHrasva (ह्रस्व).—mfn.
(-svaḥ-svā-svaṃ) 1. Short, low in stature. 2. Short, as a vowel. 3. Small, little. m.
(-svaḥ) A dwarf. E. hras to be small, and van aff.
Source: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Benfey Sanskrit-English DictionaryHrasva (ह्रस्व).—[hras + va], I. adj., comparat- hrasīyaṃs, superl. hrasiṣṭha, 1. Short, [Johnson's Selections from the Mahābhārata.] 15, 53; Bhāṣāp. 109. 2. Small, [Johnson's Selections from the Mahābhārata.] 51, 107. 3. Low [Nala] 23, 9. Ii. m. A dwarf.
— Cf. perhaps [Latin] brevis.
Source: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Cappeller Sanskrit-English DictionaryHrasva (ह्रस्व).—[adjective] less, little, small, short.
Source: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Monier-Williams Sanskrit-English Dictionary1) Hrasva (ह्रस्व):—[from hras] mf(ā)n. short, small, dwarfish, little, low (as an entrance), weak (as a voice), [Vājasaneyi-saṃhitā] etc. etc.
2) [v.s. ...] unimportant, insignificant, [Bhāgavata-purāṇa]
3) [v.s. ...] less by ([ablative]), [Caraka]
4) [v.s. ...] prosodically or metrically short (as opp. to dīrgha; cf. laghu), [???; Ṛgveda-prātiśākhya; Pāṇini] etc.
5) [v.s. ...] m. a dwarf, [Horace H. Wilson]
6) [v.s. ...] a short vowel, [Prātiśākhya]
7) [v.s. ...] Name of Yama, [cf. Lexicographers, esp. such as amarasiṃha, halāyudha, hemacandra, etc.]
8) Hrasvā (ह्रस्वा):—[from hrasva > hras] f. a female dwarf, [Monier-Williams’ Sanskrit-English Dictionary]
9) [v.s. ...] Name of various plants (Phaseolus Trilobus; = nāga-balā and bhūmi-jambū), [cf. Lexicographers, esp. such as amarasiṃha, halāyudha, hemacandra, etc.]
10) [v.s. ...] of a Sāman, [Ārṣeya-brāhmaṇa]
11) Hrasva (ह्रस्व):—[from hras] n. a kind of vegetable, [cf. Lexicographers, esp. such as amarasiṃha, halāyudha, hemacandra, etc.]
12) [v.s. ...] green or black sulphate of iron, [cf. Lexicographers, esp. such as amarasiṃha, halāyudha, hemacandra, etc.]
13) [v.s. ...] a [particular] short measure, [Monier-Williams’ Sanskrit-English Dictionary]
14) Hrāsva (ह्रास्व):—[from hras] n. ([from] hrasva) [gana] pṛthv-ādi.
Sanskrit, also spelled संस्कृतम् (saṃskṛtam), is an ancient language of India commonly seen as the grandmother of the Indo-European language family (even English!). Closely allied with Prakrit and Pali, Sanskrit is more exhaustive in both grammar and terms and has the most extensive collection of literature in the world, greatly surpassing its sister-languages Greek and Latin.
See also (Relevant definitions)
Starts with (+17): Hrasvabahu, Hrasvabahuka, Hrasvada, Hrasvadarbha, Hrasvagarbha, Hrasvagavedhuka, Hrasvagni, Hrasvairanda, Hrasvajambu, Hrasvajatya, Hrasvaka, Hrasvakarna, Hrasvakarshana, Hrasvakusha, Hrasvamula, Hrasvamulaka, Hrasvamurti, Hrasvanga, Hrasvanirvamshaka, Hrasvanirveshaka.
Ends with: Ahrasva, Ardhahrasva, Atihrasva, Caturhrasva, Mahahrasva, Ubhayatohrasva, Vadhrashva.
Full-text (+58): Hrasvagni, Hrasvagavedhuka, Hrasvadarbha, Mahahrasva, Hrasishtha, Dirgha, Hrasvanga, Hrasvabahuka, Hrasvaphala, Hrasvaka, Hrasvajatya, Hrasvamurti, Hrasvada, Hrasiman, Hrasvashakhashipha, Hrasvaparna, Hrasvapatraka, Hrasvamula, Atihrasva, Hrasvakusha.
Relevant text
Search found 12 books and stories containing Hrasva, Hrasvā, Hrāsva; (plurals include: Hrasvas, Hrasvās, Hrāsvas). You can also click to the full overview containing English textual excerpts. Below are direct links for the most relevant articles:
A History of Indian Philosophy Volume 1 (by Surendranath Dasgupta)
Part 9 - The six Padārthas: Dravya, Guṇa, Karma, Sāmānya, Viśeṣa, Samavāya < [Chapter VIII - The Nyāya-Vaiśeṣika Philosophy]
Sushruta Samhita, Volume 6: Uttara-tantra (by Kaviraj Kunja Lal Bhishagratna)
Chapter VII - Pathology of the diseases of the Pupil < [Canto I - Shalakya-tantra (ears, eyes, nose, mouth and throat)]
Chapter I - Diseases of the eye and its appendages < [Canto I - Shalakya-tantra (ears, eyes, nose, mouth and throat)]
The backdrop of the Srikanthacarita and the Mankhakosa (by Dhrubajit Sarma)
Part 4 - Style of the Maṅkhakośa text < [Chapter V - The Maṅkhakośa]
Part 4 - Chandas or the metre < [Chapter III - Literary Assessment Of The Śrīkaṇṭhacarita]
A History of Indian Philosophy Volume 2 (by Surendranath Dasgupta)
Part 21 - Dialectic of Śaṅkara and Ānandajñāna < [Chapter XI - The Śaṅkara School of Vedānta (continued)]
Maha Prajnaparamita Sastra (by Gelongma Karma Migme Chödrön)
4. Sojourn in the Tuṣita heaven. < [Part 4 - The Bodhisattva in the Abhidharma system]
Chapter VII - The Four Assemblies
1. Debate with the Realist < [Part 12 - Non-existence of the outer object]
Philosophy of Charaka-samhita (by Asokan. G)
Enumeration of attributes (guṇa) < [Chapter 2 - Fundamental Categories]
General attributes (sāmānya-guṇas) < [Chapter 2 - Fundamental Categories]