Hingu, Hiṅgu, Hiṅgū, Himgu: 30 definitions
Introduction:
Hingu means something in Buddhism, Pali, Hinduism, Sanskrit, Marathi, Jainism, Prakrit, Hindi, biology. If you want to know the exact meaning, history, etymology or English translation of this term then check out the descriptions on this page. Add your comment or reference to a book if you want to contribute to this summary article.
In Hinduism
Ayurveda (science of life)
Dietetics and Culinary Art (such as household cooking)
Hiṅgu (हिङ्गु) refers to a type of spices according to Gautama-Dharmasūtra XVII.32-33, and is commonly found in literature dealing with the topics of dietetics and culinary art, also known as Pākaśāstra or Pākakalā.—Spices referred to in Vedic literature are haridrā and pippalī. Dharmasūtra literature mentions other spices such as marica and hiṅgu.
Kalpa (Formulas, Drug prescriptions and other Medicinal preparations)
Hiṅgu (हिङ्गु) refers to a medicinal plant known as Ferula narthex, and is mentioned in the 10th century Yogaśataka written by Pandita Vararuci.—The Yogaśataka of Pandita Vararuci is an example of this category. This book attracts reader by its very easy language and formulations which can be easily prepared and have small number of herbs (viz., Hiṅgu). It describes only those formulations which are the most common and can be used in majority conditions of diseases.
Hiṅgu (हिङ्गु) refers to the medicinal plant known as “Ferula asafetida Linn.” and is dealt with in the 15th-century Yogasārasaṅgraha (Yogasara-saṅgraha) by Vāsudeva: an unpublished Keralite work representing an Ayurvedic compendium of medicinal recipes. The Yogasārasaṃgraha [mentioning hiṅgu] deals with entire recipes in the route of administration, and thus deals with the knowledge of pharmacy (bhaiṣajya-kalpanā) which is a branch of pharmacology (dravyaguṇa).
Cikitsa (natural therapy and treatment for medical conditions)
Hiṅgu (हिङ्गु) refers to the medicinal plant Ferula foetida Regel. Syn. Ferula asafoetida L., and is used in the treatment of atisāra (diarrhoea), according to the 7th century Mādhavacikitsā chapter 2. Atisāra refers to a condition where there are three or more loose or liquid stools (bowel movements) per day or more stool than normal. The second chapter of the Mādhavacikitsā explains several preparations [including Hiṅgu] through 60 Sanskrit verses about treating this problem.
Veterinary Medicine (The study and treatment of Animals)
Hiṅgu (हिङ्गु) refers to “asafoetida” (used in preparations given to domesticated elephants), according to the 15th century Mātaṅgalīlā composed by Nīlakaṇṭha in 263 Sanskrit verses, dealing with elephantology in ancient India, focusing on the science of management and treatment of elephants.—[Cf. chapter 11, “On the keeping of elephants and their daily and seasonal regimen”]: “12. He shall always cause wheat and barley to be given, boiled and mixed with jaggery and butter, in the same way, accompanied by rice grits alone, or else mixed with cow’s urine, increasing that also by a kuḍuha each day in turn as above until it reaches an āḍhaka, flavored with cardamoms, the three spices (black and long pepper and dry ginger), asafoetida (hiṅgu), cumin seed, yuga (an uncertain drug or medicinal plant), cumin seed (of another variety), and the fruit of Embelia ribes (a vermifuge)”.
Hiṅgu (हिङ्गु) refers to “asafoetida” and is used in the protection rites of Horses (Aśvarakṣaṇa), according to Āyurveda sections in the Garuḍapurāṇa.—For the Rakṣa (protection) Revanta-pūjā, (worship of God Revanta) homa (sacrificial offerings) and dvija-bhojana (feeding of Brahmins) should be performed in favor of the horse. And a compound made up of following drugs should be tied round the neck of the horse [e.g., hiṅgu (asafoetida)] [...].
Agriculture (Krishi) and Vrikshayurveda (study of Plant life)
Hiṅgu (हिङ्गु) (identified with Ferula asafoetida) is used by certain bio-organical recipes for plant mutagenesis, according to the Vṛkṣāyurveda by Sūrapāla (1000 CE): an encyclopedic work dealing with the study of trees and the principles of ancient Indian agriculture.—Accordingly, “A stick of the Ferula asafoetida [e.g., Hiṅgu-Vartikā] kept at the root of the Musa paradisiaca tree destroys it; the trees of Benincasa hispida, Cucumis melo var. utilissiumus and the like perish if profusely smoked with the bones of crabs”.
Nighantu (Synonyms and Characteristics of Drugs and technical terms)
Hiṅgu (हिङ्गु) is the Sanskrit name for a medicinal plant identified with either (1) Ferula nerthex Boiss, or (2) Ferula foetida Regel., from the Apiaceae or “parsley” family of flowering plants, according to verse 6.72-74 of the 13th-century Raj Nighantu or Rājanighaṇṭu.—Hiṅgu is known in Hindi, Bengali and Marathi as Hiṅga; and in Gujarathi as Hīng or Baghārnī.—Note: Hiṅgu is not available in its original pure form in the market. The commercial Hiṅgu is of two types—(1) small tears like beads and (2) in the form of solid lumps. It is mixed with sand, gravels, leaves and with the parts of its plants during the collection. Some other species which produce this oleo-gum-resin and are used as substitute or adultarants are:—(1) Ferula alliaceous Boss, (2) Ferula jaeschkeana Vatke in Kashmir, (3) Ferula thomsonii C.B. Clarke.
Hiṅgu is mentioned as having 15 synonyms: Ugragandha, Bhūtāri, Vālhīka, Jantunāśana, Śūlaghna, Gulmaghna, Rakṣoghna, Ugravīrya, Rāmaṭha, Agūḍhagandha, Jaraṇa, Bhedana, Sūpadhūpana, Dīpta and Sahasravedhi.
Properties and characteristics: “Hiṅgu is cardiotonic, pungent, hot, anti-vāta and anthelmintic. It cures colics and gulma i.e., false abdominal lumps due to wind, tympanitis and constipation. It is considered food for eyes”.
Unclassified Ayurveda definitions
Hiṅgu (हिङ्गु) refers to Ferula assa-foetida (asafoetida), which is a soft lumpy resin, obtained from the stem of several plant species of the Ferula genus. The term is used throughout Ayurvedic literature such as the Caraka-saṃhitā. More technically, it is a fluid or resinous substance prepared from the roots of the Asafoetida and it is used as a medicine or for seasoning. Medicinal applications includes reducing flatulence, the use of a digestion aid, fighting influenza and as a remedy for asthma.
According to the Rājanighaṇṭu (verses 6.72-75), asafoetida (hiṅgu) has 15 synonyms: Ugragandha, Bhūtāri, Vālhīka, Jantunāśana, Śūlaghna, Gulmaghna, Rakṣoghna, Ugravīrya, Rāmaṭha, Agūḍhagandha, Jaraṇa, Bhedana, Sūpadhūpana, Dīpta and Sahasravedhi.
Properties according to the Rājanighaṇṭu: Hiṅgu is cardiotonic, pungent, hot, anti-vāta and anthelmintic. It cures colics and gulma i.e., false abdominal lumps due to wind, tympanits and constipation. It is considered good for eyes.
Hiṅgu (हिङ्गु).—The Sanskrit name for an important Ayurvedic drug.—Hiṅgu is pungent and hot. It increases pitta and pacifies kapha and vāta and promotes digestive fire. It is useful in the disorders of kapha and vāta, abdominal pain, flatulence and loss of appetite.
Hiṅgu (हिङ्गु) refers to Ferula narthex, and is recommended to cure diseases caused due to poison and its complications, according to the 17th-century Vaidyavallabha (chapter 8) written by Hastiruci.—The Vaidyavallabha is a work which deals with the treatment and useful for all 8 branches of Ayurveda. The text Vaidyavallabha has been designed based on the need of the period of the author, availability of drugs (viz., hiṅgu) during that time, disease manifesting in that era, socio-economical-cultural-familial-spiritual-aspects of that period Vaidyavallabha.
Hiṅgu (हिङ्गु) refers to “asafoetida”, and is employed in the treatment of poison (viṣa), such as that resulting from rājila (krait snake-bites) and rājilaviṣa, according to the 20th century Prayogasamuccaya (one of the most popular and widely practised book in toxicology in Malayalam).—Chapter four explains rājilaviṣa (krait family) treatment. Vegānusāra-cikitsā (stage wise treatment), symptoms and treatment of 13 types of rājila snakes are mentioned. [...] In excessive phlegm production, juice of Arka (Calotropis gigantea) leaf mixed with Hiṅgu (asafoetida) is recommended to be given internally. [...]
Āyurveda (आयुर्वेद, ayurveda) is a branch of Indian science dealing with medicine, herbalism, taxology, anatomy, surgery, alchemy and related topics. Traditional practice of Āyurveda in ancient India dates back to at least the first millenium BC. Literature is commonly written in Sanskrit using various poetic metres.
In Buddhism
Theravada (major branch of Buddhism)
A Pacceka Buddha. M.iii.70.
Theravāda is a major branch of Buddhism having the the Pali canon (tipitaka) as their canonical literature, which includes the vinaya-pitaka (monastic rules), the sutta-pitaka (Buddhist sermons) and the abhidhamma-pitaka (philosophy and psychology).
Biology (plants and animals)
Hingu in the Hindi language is the name of a plant identified with Ferula jaeschkeana Vatke from the Apiaceae (Carrot) family having the following synonyms: Peucedanum jaeschkeanum, Ferula jaeschkeana var. parkeriana. For the possible medicinal usage of hingu, you can check this page for potential sources and references, although be aware that any some or none of the side-effects may not be mentioned here, wether they be harmful or beneficial to health.
Hingu [ಹಿಂಗು] in the Kannada language, ibid. previous identification.
1) Hingu in India is the name of a plant defined with Azadirachta indica in various botanical sources. This page contains potential references in Ayurveda, modern medicine, and other folk traditions or local practices It has the synonym Melia indica Brandis (among others).
2) Hingu is also identified with Ferula foetida It has the synonym Scorodosma foetidum Bunge (etc.).
3) Hingu is also identified with Gardenia resinifera It has the synonym Gardenia lucida Roxb. (etc.).
Example references for further research on medicinal uses or toxicity (see latin names for full list):
· Mém. Mus. Hist. Nat. (1830)
· Botaničeskij Žurnal
· Journal of Ethnopharmacology (1987)
· Journal of Ethnopharmacology (1995)
· Ned. Kruidk. Arch. (1851)
· Journal of Ethnopharmacology (2007)
If you are looking for specific details regarding Hingu, for example health benefits, diet and recipes, chemical composition, pregnancy safety, side effects, extract dosage, have a look at these references.
This sections includes definitions from the five kingdoms of living things: Animals, Plants, Fungi, Protists and Monera. It will include both the official binomial nomenclature (scientific names usually in Latin) as well as regional spellings and variants.
Languages of India and abroad
Pali-English dictionary
hiṅgu : (nt.) the exudation of asafoetida plant.
Hiṅgu, (nt.) (Sk. hiṅgu) the plant asafetida Vin.I, 201; VvA.186.
Pali is the language of the Tipiṭaka, which is the sacred canon of Theravāda Buddhism and contains much of the Buddha’s speech. Closeley related to Sanskrit, both languages are used interchangeably between religions.
Marathi-English dictionary
hiṅgu (हिंगु).—m S A plant, Ferula assafœtida. 2 Assafœtida.
--- OR ---
hiṅgū (हिंगू) [or हिंगो दाखविणें, hiṅgō dākhaviṇēṃ].—A filthy phrase. To bob, fob &c.; to chouse or do out of and grin at.
hiṅgu (हिंगु).—m Asafætida.
Marathi is an Indo-European language having over 70 million native speakers people in (predominantly) Maharashtra India. Marathi, like many other Indo-Aryan languages, evolved from early forms of Prakrit, which itself is a subset of Sanskrit, one of the most ancient languages of the world.
Sanskrit dictionary
Hiṅgu (हिङ्गु).—mn. (-ṅguḥ-ṅgu) Asafœtida, (the gum and plant respectively.) E. hi to go, deriv. irr., or hima frost, gam to go, ḍu aff., form irr.
Hiṅgu (हिङ्गु).—m. Assafœtida
Hiṅgu (हिङ्गु).—[masculine] the plant Asa Fetida, [neuter] its resin or juice.
1) Hiṅgu (हिङ्गु):—m. Ferula Asa Foetida, [Buddhist literature; Bhāgavata-purāṇa]
2) n. a fluid or resinous substance prepared from the roots of the Asa Foitida (used as a medicine or for seasoning), [Mahābhārata; Harivaṃśa; Suśruta etc.]
Hiṅgu (हिङ्गु):—[(ṅguḥ-ṅgu)] 2. m. n. Asafoetida.
Hiṅgu (हिङ्गु):—m. n. [Trikāṇḍaśeṣa 3, 5, 9.]
1) m. Ferula asa foetida [Harivaṃśa 12680.] [Bhāgavatapurāṇa 4, 6, 17.] [Hiouen-Thsang 2, 187.] rasa [Hemacandra’s Anekārthasaṃgraha 5, 48.] [Medinīkoṣa s. 68.] —
2) n. das aus den Wurzeln der Ferula asa foetida gewonnene Harz, Teufelsdreck. In der Medicin und als Gewürz (vgl. sūpāṅga) viel gebraucht; kommt aus Persien. [Amarakoṣa 2, 9, 40.] [Trikāṇḍaśeṣa 2, 9, 11. 3, 3, 332.] [Hemacandra’s Abhidhānacintāmaṇi 422.] [Halāyudha 2, 462.] [UJJVAL.] zu [Uṇādisūtra 1, 37] [?(Manu’s Gesetzbuch). Rājanirghaṇṭa 6, 75. Bhāvaprakāśa 5.] dravyeṣu [Mahābhārata 13, 4363.] [Harivaṃśa 8443] (mit der neueren Ausg. zu lesen hiṅgvārdraka). [Suśruta 1, 139, 4. 140, 13. 145, 8.] lākṣe niryāsau [12. 217, 3. 19. 314, 16. 376, 7. 2, 275, 12. 371, 2. 535, 16.] [Varāhamihira’s Bṛhajjātaka S. 77, 7.] — Vgl. nāḍī .
Hiṅgu (हिङ्गु) in the Sanskrit language is related to the Prakrit word: Hiṃgu.
Sanskrit, also spelled संस्कृतम् (saṃskṛtam), is an ancient language of India commonly seen as the grandmother of the Indo-European language family (even English!). Closely allied with Prakrit and Pali, Sanskrit is more exhaustive in both grammar and terms and has the most extensive collection of literature in the world, greatly surpassing its sister-languages Greek and Latin.
Hindi dictionary
Hiṃgu (हिंगु) [Also spelled hingu]:—(nm) asafoetida—a tree or the poignant-smelling ooze from its root.
Hingu in Hindi refers in English to:—(nm) asafoetida—a tree or the poignant-smelling ooze from its root..—hingu (हिंगु) is alternatively transliterated as Hiṃgu.
...
Prakrit-English dictionary
Hiṃgu (हिंगु) in the Prakrit language is related to the Sanskrit word: Hiṅgu.
Prakrit is an ancient language closely associated with both Pali and Sanskrit. Jain literature is often composed in this language or sub-dialects, such as the Agamas and their commentaries which are written in Ardhamagadhi and Maharashtri Prakrit. The earliest extant texts can be dated to as early as the 4th century BCE although core portions might be older.
Kannada-English dictionary
Hiṃgu (ಹಿಂಗು):—
1) [verb] to go back; to return; to retreat.
2) [verb] to be reduced; to be lessened.
3) [verb] to come or fall down (as caused by the weight above); to collapse.
4) [verb] to depart from; to go away (from); to leave.
5) [verb] to cease to be seen; to go out of sight; to disappear.
6) [verb] to give up (for ever); to abandon.
7) [verb] (an evil, undesirable thing) to be removed, prevented, warded off; to be freed from.
8) [verb] to be left out or back; to remain (without being taken away).
9) [verb] to be overtaken by; to remain in or to go back to a lower or previous stage or position.
10) [verb] to shrink (oneself) as from shame, modesty, embarrassment.
11) [verb] to elapse (as time); to be spent.
12) [verb] to pay or pay back.
13) [verb] to remove, prevent or ward off (an evil, difficulty).
14) [verb] to be spoiled, destroyed.
15) [verb] to become useless, fruitless.
16) [verb] to cease to live; to die.
--- OR ---
Hiṃgu (ಹಿಂಗು):—
1) [noun] the plant Ferula assafoetida of Apiaceae family.
2) [noun] the bad-smelling gum resin obtained from this plant, used in seasoning food; asafoetida.
Kannada is a Dravidian language (as opposed to the Indo-European language family) mainly spoken in the southwestern region of India.
See also (Relevant definitions)
Starts with (+17): Himgudu, Himgugannu, Himgukannu, Himgupatre, Hingua, Hingucunna, Hingudi, Hingugradi, Hingujjvala, Hinguka, Hingul, Hingula, Hinguladevi, Hinguladevikshetra, Hinguladi, Hingulaja, Hingulaka, Hingulapabbata, Hinguleshvara, Hinguleshvara.
Full-text (+147): Hinguniryasa, Nadihingu, Hingushiratika, Hinguparni, Hingunadika, Hingupatri, Hingushivatika, Hingupattra, Hingupatra, Ramatha, Hinga, Hingurata, Hingupattri, Hingvadi, Hingugandha, Xing qu, Hinguka, Hingucunna, Hinguraja, Hinguli.
Relevant text
Search found 60 books and stories containing Hingu, Hiṅgu, Hiṅgū, Himgu, Hiṃgu; (plurals include: Hingus, Hiṅgus, Hiṅgūs, Himgus, Hiṃgus). You can also click to the full overview containing English textual excerpts. Below are direct links for the most relevant articles:
Bhesajjakkhandhaka (Chapter on Medicine) (by Hin-tak Sik)
Medicines (f): Gum-Resins (Jatu) < [Chapter 4 - Medicinal Substances in the Chapter on Medicine]
Agriculture and Animal husbandry in the Puranas (by Purboshri Borpuzari)
Part 21 - Treatment and Care of Horses < [Chapter 4 - Animal husbandry in the Purāṇas]
Part 6 - Treatment and Care of Cow (according to Purāṇas) < [Chapter 4 - Animal husbandry in the Purāṇas]
Part 15 - Management and Treatment of Elephants < [Chapter 4 - Animal husbandry in the Purāṇas]
Vinaya Pitaka (3): Khandhaka (by I. B. Horner)
On root medicince, etc. < [6. Medicine (Bhesajja)]
Dictionaries of Indian languages (Kosha)
The Malaysian Journal of Medical Sciences
Validity and Reliability of Malay Sino-Nasal Outcome Test 22 in CRS < [v.29(2): 1–174 2022 Apr]
Vinaya (2): The Mahavagga (by T. W. Rhys Davids)
Mahavagga, Khandaka 6, Chapter 7 < [Khandaka 6 - On Medicaments]