Hetvabhasa, Hetu-abhasa, Hetvābhāsa: 17 definitions
Introduction:
Hetvabhasa means something in Buddhism, Pali, Hinduism, Sanskrit, Marathi, Hindi. If you want to know the exact meaning, history, etymology or English translation of this term then check out the descriptions on this page. Add your comment or reference to a book if you want to contribute to this summary article.
Alternative spellings of this word include Hetvabhas.
In Hinduism
Nyaya (school of philosophy)
Hetvābhāsa (हेत्वाभास) refers to “fallacy”. It is one of the sixteen categories of discussion (padārtha) according to the doctrine of the Nyāya-sūtras by Akṣapāda. The sixteen padārthas represent a method of intellectual analysis and categorize everything that is knowable and nameable.
Hetvābhāsa (हेत्वाभास, “fallacy”) refers to the thirteenth of the sixteen padārthas (“categories”) in the first chapter of Gautama’s Nyāyasūtra (2nd century CE). Hetvābhāsa is that which is not a real hetu or reason of an inference, but appear as the hetu. According to Gautama those are known as hetvābhāsas (fallacies) of a reason which are erratic, contradictory, and same to the question, unproved and mistimed.
Nyaya (न्याय, nyaya) refers to a school of Hindu philosophy (astika), drawing its subject-matter from the Upanishads. The Nyaya philosophy is known for its theories on logic, methodology and epistemology, however, it is closely related with Vaisheshika in terms of metaphysics.
Ayurveda (science of life)
Hetvābhāsa (हेत्वाभास):—False reason or fallacy
Āyurveda (आयुर्वेद, ayurveda) is a branch of Indian science dealing with medicine, herbalism, taxology, anatomy, surgery, alchemy and related topics. Traditional practice of Āyurveda in ancient India dates back to at least the first millenium BC. Literature is commonly written in Sanskrit using various poetic metres.
In Buddhism
Buddhist philosophy
Hetvābhāsa (हेत्वाभास) refers to the “fallacy” (within a debate), according to Upāyakauśalyahṛdaya, an ancient work on the art of debate composed by Bodhisattva Nāgārjuna.—The first chapter [i.e., “an elucidation of debate (vāda-visadīkaraṇa)”] consists of eight sections which treat respectively of (1) an example (udāharaṇa), (2) a tenet, truth or conclusion (siddhānta), (3) the excellence of speech (vākyapraśaṃsā), (4) the defect of speech (vākya-doṣa), (5) the knowledge of inference (anumāna or hetu-jñāna), (6) the appropriate or opportune speech (samayocita-vākya), (7) the fallacy (hetvābhāsa) and (8) the adoption of a fallacious reason (duṣṭa-vākyānusaraṇa).
Note: Hetvābhāsa (‘the fallacies’) signify reasons which are derived form an imperfect perception, inference, or comparison, or which deviate from the scripture. There are various kinds of fallacies designated respectively as follows:
- The quibble in respect of a term (vākchala),
- The erratic reason or undistributed middle term (savyabhicāra),
- Balancing the doubt or false assumption (saṃśayasama),
- The mistimed (kālātīta),
- Balancing the point in dispute or begging the question (prakaraṇasama),
- Balancing the predicate (sādhyasama),
- Showing absurdity (vyāghātapradarśana),
- The contradictory (viruddha).
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Languages of India and abroad
Marathi-English dictionary
hētvābhāsa (हेत्वाभास).—m S Fallacious semblance of reason or argument; a false or a foolish reason or cause assigned.
hētvābhāsa (हेत्वाभास).—m Fallacious semblance of reason.
Marathi is an Indo-European language having over 70 million native speakers people in (predominantly) Maharashtra India. Marathi, like many other Indo-Aryan languages, evolved from early forms of Prakrit, which itself is a subset of Sanskrit, one of the most ancient languages of the world.
Sanskrit dictionary
Hetvābhāsa (हेत्वाभास).—'the semblance of a reason', a fallacious middle term, fallacy; (it is of five kinds :-savyabhicāra or anaikāntika, viruddha, asiddha, satpratipakṣa and bādhita).
Derivable forms: hetvābhāsaḥ (हेत्वाभासः).
Hetvābhāsa is a Sanskrit compound consisting of the terms hetu and ābhāsa (आभास).
Hetvābhāsa (हेत्वाभास).—m.
(-saḥ) (In logic,) Fallacious semblance of reason or argument, assignment of proof or cause which can be shewn to be incorrect, the faulty reasoning for an inference; it is of five kinds, viz:—Byabhichara, Birud'Dhata, Asid'Dhi, Satpratipak Shata, and Badha. E. hetu, and ābhāsa semblance.
Hetvābhāsa (हेत्वाभास).—m. fallacious reason or middle term.
Hetvābhāsa is a Sanskrit compound consisting of the terms hetu and ābhāsa (आभास).
Hetvābhāsa (हेत्वाभास).—[masculine] a mere appearance of a reason or argument.
1) Hetvābhāsa (हेत्वाभास) as mentioned in Aufrecht’s Catalogus Catalogorum:—[nyāya] Paris. (B 54). Pheh. 13. Rādh. 16.
—by Kṛṣṇa Bhaṭṭa. Oudh. Xv, 96.
—by Gadādhara. Oppert. Ii, 3906. 4235. 9694. Sb. 169.
—by Jagadīśa. Oudh. V, 20.
—by Bhavānanda. Bp. 307.
—by Mathurānātha. Oudh. V, 22. Bhr. 759. Oppert. Ii, 9695.
2) Hetvābhāsa (हेत्वाभास):—[nyāya] Gb. 117.
—by Gadādhara. Rgb. 785.
—by Mathurānātha. Fl. 484.
1) Hetvābhāsa (हेत्वाभास):—[=hetv-ābhāsa] [from hetv > heti] m. (in logic) a mere appearance of a reason, fallacious semblance of an argument, fallacious middle term, fallacy (said to be of 5 kinds, viz. vyabhicāra or sa-vyobhicāra, viruddha, asiddha, sat-pratipakṣa, bādha or bādhita), [Nyāyasūtra; Tarkasaṃgraha; Sarvadarśana-saṃgraha]
2) [v.s. ...] Name of various works.
Hetvābhāsa (हेत्वाभास):—[hetvā+bhāsa] (saḥ) 1. m. Fallacious proof.
Hetvābhāsa (हेत्वाभास):—(hetu + ā) m. Scheingrund, Scheinbeweis [NYĀYAS.1,2,45.] [TARKAS. 40.] [Weber’s Indische Studien.1,18,4 v. u.] [Oxforder Handschriften 240,b, No. 586.] [Weber’s Verzeichniss No. 671] (rahasya). unter den 22 nigrahasthānaṃ [NYĀYAS. 5, 2, 25.] [SARVADARŚANAS. 114, 17.]
Sanskrit, also spelled संस्कृतम् (saṃskṛtam), is an ancient language of India commonly seen as the grandmother of the Indo-European language family (even English!). Closely allied with Prakrit and Pali, Sanskrit is more exhaustive in both grammar and terms and has the most extensive collection of literature in the world, greatly surpassing its sister-languages Greek and Latin.
Hindi dictionary
Hetvābhāsa (हेत्वाभास) [Also spelled hetvabhas]:—(nm) a fallacy; sophism.
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Kannada-English dictionary
Hētvābhāsa (ಹೇತ್ವಾಭಾಸ):—[noun] = ಹೇತುದೋಷ [hetudosha].
Kannada is a Dravidian language (as opposed to the Indo-European language family) mainly spoken in the southwestern region of India.
Nepali dictionary
Hetvābhāsa (हेत्वाभास):—n. paralogism;
Nepali is the primary language of the Nepalese people counting almost 20 million native speakers. The country of Nepal is situated in the Himalaya mountain range to the north of India.
See also (Relevant definitions)
Partial matches: Hetv, Hetu, Abhasa.
Starts with: Hetvabhasadidhititippani, Hetvabhasanirupana, Hetvabhasaparishkara, Hetvabhasarahasya, Hetvabhasarirupana, Hetvabhasasamanyalakshana, Hetvabhasatippani, Hetvabhasavyakhya.
Full-text (+33): Hetvabhasaparishkara, Hetvabhasavyakhya, Hetvabhasarahasya, Hetvabhasanirupana, Savyabhicara, Hetvabhasadidhititippani, Hetvabhasasamanyalakshana, Hetvabhas, Sadhyasama, Kalatyayapadishta, Anupasamharin, Abhasa, Apadishta, Padartha, Viruddha, Anaikantika, Visheshanasiddha, Kalatita, Asaddhetu, Vakchala.
Relevant text
Search found 44 books and stories containing Hetvabhasa, Hetu-abhasa, Hetu-ābhāsa, Hetv-abhasa, Hetv-ābhāsa, Hetvābhāsa, Hētvābhāsa, Hetvabhasas; (plurals include: Hetvabhasas, abhasas, ābhāsas, Hetvābhāsas, Hētvābhāsas, Hetvabhasases). You can also click to the full overview containing English textual excerpts. Below are direct links for the most relevant articles:
Contribution of Vachaspati-Mishra to Nyaya Philosophy (by Champak Kalita)
Part 3.13 - Hetvābhāsa or Fallacy < [Chapter 2 - The Categories]
Part 19 - The concept of Hetvābhāsa or Fallacy < [Chapter 3 - The Theory of Knowlegde]
Part 2 - The Sixteen types of Categories (Padārtha) < [Chapter 2 - The Categories]
Anumana in Indian Philosophy (by Sangita Chakravarty)
(F). Fallacy (Hetvābhāsa) < [Chapter 2 - Treatment of Anumāna in Nyāya-Vaiśeṣika Philosophy]
(D). The Fallacy of Anumāna (in Mīmāṃsā-Vedānta Philosophy) < [Chapter 4 - Treatment of Anumāna in Mīmāṃsā-Vedānta Philosophy]
Nyaya-Vaisheshika (critical and historical study) (by Aruna Rani)
Hetvabhasas (fallacies) < [Chapter 3 - Theory of Pramanas (epistemology)]
5. The Syncretic School (Nyaya and Vaisesika) < [Chapter 2 - Historical Study of Nyaya system]
A study of the philosophy of Jainism (by Deepa Baruah)
Chapter I.g - A brief description of Prameyakamalamārtaṇḍa < [Chapter I - Introduction]
Chapter II.c - Classification of Pramāṇa < [Chapter II - Jaina theory of Knowledge]
A History of Indian Philosophy Volume 1 (by Surendranath Dasgupta)
Part 20 - Acquirement of debating devices < [Chapter VIII - The Nyāya-Vaiśeṣika Philosophy]
Part 17 - Inference (anumāna) < [Chapter VIII - The Nyāya-Vaiśeṣika Philosophy]
Part 5 - Philosophy in the Nyāya sūtras < [Chapter VIII - The Nyāya-Vaiśeṣika Philosophy]
Nyaya-Vaisheshika categories (Study) (by Diptimani Goswami)
Categories in the Nyāya system < [Chapter 2 - Salient features of Nyāya-Vaiśeṣika System]
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