Guren, Gǔ rén, Gu ren, Gū rén, Gù rén: 11 definitions
Introduction:
Guren means something in Buddhism, Pali, biology. If you want to know the exact meaning, history, etymology or English translation of this term then check out the descriptions on this page. Add your comment or reference to a book if you want to contribute to this summary article.
In Buddhism
Chinese Buddhism
骨人 [gu ren]—Skeleton.
[The following represents an unverified English translation. For all purposes consult the original Chinese text.]
骨人 [gu ren]—Bone Man — [Image (圖像 [tu xiang])] An illustration of a withered skeleton for meditators (坐禪者 [zuo chan zhe]) to observe. It is the object of bone-chain contemplation (骨鎖觀 [gu suo guan]), so that one may form a mental image. The Xingshi Chao (行事鈔 [xing shi chao]) Volume 2 states: "The Mahāprajñāpāramitā Upadeśa (大論 [da lun]) provides meditation methods (坐禪法 [zuo chan fa]), Zen staffs (禪杖 [chan zhang]), meditation rugs (禪毱 [chan ju]), Zen weights (禪鎮 [chan zhen]), and Bone Men." The Zhichi Ji (資持記 [zi chi ji]) Volume 2, Part 3 states: "The Bone Man is today's withered skeleton illustration, which borrows its physical form to aid meditation methods (禪法 [chan fa])." The Shishi Yaolan (釋氏要覽 [shi shi yao lan]) states: "The Mahāprajñāpāramitā Upadeśa (智度論 [zhi du lun]) says: 'Further provide a Bone Man for meditators to observe,' which is today's painted withered skeleton scroll (枯骨幀子 [ku gu zheng zi])."
骨人—【圖像】圖繪枯骨使坐禪者觀之。即為骨鎖觀之對象，以便成想者也。行事鈔下二曰：「大論供給坐禪法、禪杖、禪毱、禪鎮、骨人。」資持記下二之三曰：「骨人即今枯骨圖，假彼色相以助禪法。」釋氏要覽下曰：「智度論云：更與骨人令坐禪者觀之，即今畫作枯骨幀子是也。」
[tú xiàng] tú huì kū gǔ shǐ zuò chán zhě guān zhī. jí wèi gǔ suǒ guān zhī duì xiàng, yǐ biàn chéng xiǎng zhě yě. xíng shì chāo xià èr yuē: “dà lùn gōng gěi zuò chán fǎ,, chán zhàng,, chán jú,, chán zhèn,, gǔ rén.” zī chí jì xià èr zhī sān yuē: “gǔ rén jí jīn kū gǔ tú, jiǎ bǐ sè xiāng yǐ zhù chán fǎ.” shì shì yào lǎn xià yuē: “zhì dù lùn yún: gèng yǔ gǔ rén lìng zuò chán zhě guān zhī, jí jīn huà zuò kū gǔ zhèng zi shì yě.”
[tu xiang] tu hui ku gu shi zuo chan zhe guan zhi. ji wei gu suo guan zhi dui xiang, yi bian cheng xiang zhe ye. xing shi chao xia er yue: "da lun gong gei zuo chan fa,, chan zhang,, chan ju,, chan zhen,, gu ren." zi chi ji xia er zhi san yue: "gu ren ji jin ku gu tu, jia bi se xiang yi zhu chan fa." shi shi yao lan xia yue: "zhi du lun yun: geng yu gu ren ling zuo chan zhe guan zhi, ji jin hua zuo ku gu zheng zi shi ye."
Chinese Buddhism (漢傳佛教, hanchuan fojiao) is the form of Buddhism that developed in China, blending Mahayana teachings with Daoist and Confucian thought. Its texts are mainly in Classical Chinese, based on translations from Sanskrit. Major schools include Chan (Zen), Pure Land, Tiantai, and Huayan. Chinese Buddhism has greatly influenced East Asian religion and culture.
Biology (plants and animals)
Guren [गुरेन] in the Nepali language is the name of a plant identified with Callicarpa arborea Roxb. from the Verbenaceae (Verbena) family. For the possible medicinal usage of guren, you can check this page for potential sources and references, although be aware that any some or none of the side-effects may not be mentioned here, wether they be harmful or beneficial to health.
Guren in Nepal is the name of a plant defined with Callicarpa arborea in various botanical sources. This page contains potential references in Ayurveda, modern medicine, and other folk traditions or local practices It has the synonym Aganon umbellata Raf. (among others).
Example references for further research on medicinal uses or toxicity (see latin names for full list):
· Flora Indica (1820)
· Sylva Tellur. (1838)
· Novae Plantarum Species praesertim Indiae Orientalis (1821)
· Prodr. (DC.) (1847)
· Hortus Bengalensis, or ‘a Catalogue of the Plants Growing in the Hounourable East India Company's Botanical Garden at Calcutta’ (1814)
· Bulletin du Jardin Botanique de Buitenzorg (1921)
If you are looking for specific details regarding Guren, for example extract dosage, health benefits, pregnancy safety, side effects, chemical composition, diet and recipes, have a look at these references.
This sections includes definitions from the five kingdoms of living things: Animals, Plants, Fungi, Protists and Monera. It will include both the official binomial nomenclature (scientific names usually in Latin) as well as regional spellings and variants.
Languages of India and abroad
Chinese-English dictionary
[The following represents an unverified English translation. For all purposes consult the original Chinese text.]
古人 [gǔ rén] [gu ren]—
Ancient people (古代的人 [gu dai de ren]). From "Selections of Literature" (《文選 [wen xuan]》), Zhang Pingzi's (張平子 [zhang ping zi]) "Ode to Profound Thought" (《思玄賦 [si xuan fu]》): "Its inner feelings are truly cultivated, admiring the integrity and virtue (貞節 [zhen jie]) of the ancients." From Chapter One of "The Scholars" (《儒林外史 [ru lin wai shi]》): "The other day, I received the album of flowers (冊頁花卉 [ce ye hua hui]) you bestowed, Father (老父臺 [lao fu tai]). Are they by ancient masters, or painted by modern artists (現代人 [xian dai ren])?"
古人：古代的人。《文選．張平子．思玄賦》：「伊中情之信脩兮，慕古人之貞節。」《儒林外史》第一回：「前日承老父臺所惠冊頁花卉，還是古人的呢？還是現代人畫的？」
gǔ rén: gǔ dài de rén. < wén xuǎn． zhāng píng zi． sī xuán fù>: “yī zhōng qíng zhī xìn xiū xī, mù gǔ rén zhī zhēn jié.” < rú lín wài shǐ> dì yī huí: “qián rì chéng lǎo fù tái suǒ huì cè yè huā huì, hái shì gǔ rén de ne? hái shì xiàn dài rén huà de?”
gu ren: gu dai de ren. < wen xuan. zhang ping zi. si xuan fu>: "yi zhong qing zhi xin xiu xi, mu gu ren zhi zhen jie." < ru lin wai shi> di yi hui: "qian ri cheng lao fu tai suo hui ce ye hua hui, hai shi gu ren de ne? hai shi xian dai ren hua de?"
[The following represents an unverified English translation. For all purposes consult the original Chinese text.]
故人 [gù rén] [gu ren]—
1. An old friend; an acquaintance.
《後漢書 [hou han shu]．卷八三 [juan ba san]．逸民傳 [yi min chuan]．嚴光傳 [yan guang chuan]》 (Hòu Hàn Shū, Volume 83, Biography of Recluses, Biography of Yán Guāng): "My old friend 嚴子陵 [yan zi ling] (Yán Zǐlíng) and I slept together."
唐 [tang] (Táng) Dynasty, 李白 [li bai] (Lǐ Bái), poem 〈送友人 [song you ren]〉 (Sòng Yǒurén - Seeing a Friend Off): "Floating clouds, the traveler's thoughts; setting sun, the old friend's affection."
2. A former wife; an ex-wife.
漢 [han] (Hàn) Dynasty, Anonymous, 〈古詩上山采蘼蕪 [gu shi shang shan cai mi wu]〉 (Gǔ Shī Shàng Shān Cǎi Míwú - Ancient Poem: Going Up the Mountain to Gather Míwú): "The new person (new wife) enters through the door, the old person (former wife) leaves from the chamber."
3. A deceased person; the dead.
《儒林外史 [ru lin wai shi]》 (Rúlín Wàishǐ - The Scholars), Chapter 26: "When I returned from my audience with the emperor and passed by here, I was just about to meet your father, but unexpectedly he had already become a deceased person (passed away)."
故人：1.老友。《後漢書．卷八三．逸民傳．嚴光傳》：「朕故人嚴子陵共臥耳。」唐．李白〈送友人〉詩：「浮雲遊子意，落日故人情。」
2.前妻。漢．無名氏〈古詩上山采蘼蕪〉：「新人從門入，故人從閣去。」
3.已死去的人。《儒林外史》第二六回：「我陛見回來，從這裡過，正要會會你父親，不想已做故人。」
gù rén:1. lǎo yǒu. < hòu hàn shū． juǎn bā sān． yì mín chuán． yán guāng chuán>: “zhèn gù rén yán zi líng gòng wò ěr.” táng． lǐ bái 〈sòng yǒu rén〉 shī: “fú yún yóu zi yì, luò rì gù rén qíng.”
2. qián qī. hàn． wú míng shì 〈gǔ shī shàng shān cǎi mí wú〉: “xīn rén cóng mén rù, gù rén cóng gé qù.”
3. yǐ sǐ qù de rén. < rú lín wài shǐ> dì èr liù huí: “wǒ bì jiàn huí lái, cóng zhè lǐ guò, zhèng yào huì huì nǐ fù qīn, bù xiǎng yǐ zuò gù rén.”
gu ren:1. lao you. < hou han shu. juan ba san. yi min chuan. yan guang chuan>: "zhen gu ren yan zi ling gong wo er." tang. li bai
2. qian qi. han. wu ming shi
3. yi si qu de ren. < ru lin wai shi> di er liu hui: "wo bi jian hui lai, cong zhe li guo, zheng yao hui hui ni fu qin, bu xiang yi zuo gu ren."
[The following represents an unverified English translation. For all purposes consult the original Chinese text.]
僱人 [gù rén] [gu ren]—
To employ (僱用 [gu yong]) workers (工人 [gong ren]), servants (僕人 [pu ren]), etc. For example: 'He hired someone (人 [ren]) to help tidy up the garden (花園 [hua yuan]).'
僱人：僱用工人、僕人等。如：「他僱人幫忙整理花園。」
gù rén: gù yòng gōng rén,, pú rén děng. rú: “tā gù rén bāng máng zhěng lǐ huā yuán.”
gu ren: gu yong gong ren,, pu ren deng. ru: "ta gu ren bang mang zheng li hua yuan."
[The following represents an unverified English translation. For all purposes consult the original Chinese text.]
顧人 [gù rén] [gu ren]—
From Yan Zhitui (顏之推 [yan zhi tui])'s Yanshi Jiaxun (顏氏家訓 [yan shi jia xun]), chapter Mianxue (勉學 [mian xue]), Northern Qi (北齊 [bei qi]) dynasty: "When one seeks to pass the Mingjing (明經 [ming jing]) examination and obtain a degree (求第 [qiu di]), they rely on others to answer policy questions (答策 [da ce]); at official banquets (三九公讌 [san jiu gong yan]), they borrow a hand (假手 [jia shou]) to compose poetry (賦詩 [fu shi]). At such times, they are indeed a contented person (快士 [kuai shi])."
顧人：請人。北齊．顏之推《顏氏家訓．勉學》：「明經求第，則顧人答策；三九公讌，則假手賦詩。當爾之時，亦快士也。」
gù rén: qǐng rén. běi qí． yán zhī tuī < yán shì jiā xùn． miǎn xué>: “míng jīng qiú dì, zé gù rén dá cè； sān jiǔ gōng yàn, zé jiǎ shǒu fù shī. dāng ěr zhī shí, yì kuài shì yě.”
gu ren: qing ren. bei qi. yan zhi tui < yan shi jia xun. mian xue>: "ming jing qiu di, ze gu ren da ce; san jiu gong yan, ze jia shou fu shi. dang er zhi shi, yi kuai shi ye."
1) 古人 ts = gǔ rén p refers to “people of ancient times/the ancients/extinct human species such as Homo erectus or Homo neanderthalensis/(literary) deceased person”.
2) 故人 ts = gù rén p refers to “old friend/the deceased”..
1) 古人 [gǔ rén] refers to: “ancients”.
古人 is further associated with the following language/terms:
[Vietnamese] cổ nhân.
[Korean] 고인 / goin.
[Japanese] コジン / kojin.
2) 骨人 [gǔ rén] refers to: “skeleton”.
骨人 is further associated with the following language/terms:
[Related Chinese terms] 枯骨; 骨鎖; 骨鏁; 骨骸; 骸骨.
[Sanskrit] kaṅkāla.
[Tibetan] keng rus kyi mi.
[Vietnamese] cốt nhān.
[Korean] 골인 / gorin.
[Japanese] コツニン / kotsunin.
Chinese language.
See also (Relevant definitions)
Partial matches: Gu, Nen, Ren.
Starts with: Gu ren bu jian jin shi yue jin yue ceng jing zhao gu ren, Gu ren ying zi, Gurendi.
Full-text (+503): Ti gu ren dan you, Qian wu gu ren hou wu lai zhe, Yi zuo gu ren, Yi ji, Shi ji, Po hui gu ren che, Qian bu jian gu ren, Qian wu gu ren, Gu ren bu jian jin shi yue jin yue ceng jing zhao gu ren, Bang ta gu ren, Ming shi zhi si hai gu ren xi cun yin, Xin yuan wu feng yu gu ren xi cun yin, Ying xiong zhi si hai gu ren xi cun yin, Ju jin ji gu, Gu ren ying zi, Feng ben, keng rus kyi mi, Gu ze, Pei yin, Fa cao tie.
Relevant text
Search found 7 books and stories containing Guren, Gǔ rén, Gu ren, Gū rén, Gù rén, Gǔrén, Gūrén, Gùrén, 僱人, 古人, 故人, 辜人, 顧人, 骨人; (plurals include: Gurens, Gǔ réns, Gu rens, Gū réns, Gù réns, Gǔréns, Gūréns, Gùréns). You can also click to the full overview containing English textual excerpts. Below are direct links for the most relevant articles:
Taisho: Chinese Buddhist Canon
Sutta 18: The (Deer King) and the Sacrifice for His Herd < [Part 152 - Discourse of the Collection of the Six Perfections]
Sutta 89: The Sutra of King Mirror Face < [Part 152 - Discourse of the Collection of the Six Perfections]
Part 151 - Discourse on the Nine Causes of Untimely Death < [Agama Section (Volume 1-2)]
Mental Models of the London Missionary Society’s Scientific Discourse... < [Volume 16, Issue 2 (2025)]
Writings, Emotions, and Oblations < [Volume 12, Issue 6 (2021)]
A Study on the Xiuxing of Contemporary Horchin Mongolian Shamanism < [Volume 10, Issue 2 (2019)]
Buddha-nature (as Depicted in the Lankavatara-sutra) (by Nguyen Dac Sy)
1. Gradual cultivation < [Chapter 5 - The Practice of Buddha-Nature in the Laṅkāvatārasūtra]
The Impact of House Price on Urban Household Consumption < [Volume 14, Issue 19 (2022)]
Sustainability in Early Modern China through the Evolution of the Jesuit... < [Volume 13, Issue 21 (2021)]
Multi-Horizon Financial and Housing Wealth Effects across the U.S. States < [Volume 13, Issue 3 (2021)]
International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health (MDPI)
The Association between Hypertriglyceridemia and Colorectal Cancer < [Volume 19, Issue 13 (2022)]
Quality of Life and Associated Factors among Cancer Patients Receiving... < [Volume 21, Issue 3 (2024)]
The Role of Health Behaviors in Quality of Life < [Volume 20, Issue 7 (2023)]
Hualin International Journal of Buddhist Studies
Imprinting the Living Rock with Buddhist Texts < [Hualin International Journal of Buddhist Studies 3.2 (2020)]
Negotiating Boundaries < [Hualin International Journal of Buddhist Studies 7.2 (2024)]
Understanding Chan Kōan As a Literary Genre < [Hualin International Journal of Buddhist Studies 6.1 (2023)]