Gir: 15 definitions
Introduction:
Gir means something in Buddhism, Pali, Hinduism, Sanskrit, Jainism, Prakrit. If you want to know the exact meaning, history, etymology or English translation of this term then check out the descriptions on this page. Add your comment or reference to a book if you want to contribute to this summary article.
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In Hinduism
Purana and Itihasa (epic history)
Gir (गिर्) or Sadgir refers to “hymns” [?] (e.g., of the Yajurveda), according to the Śivapurāṇa 2.3.48 (“Description of Marriage of Śiva and Pārvatī”).—Accordingly, as Brahmā narrated to Nārada: “[...] O sage, he gave a crore of elephants and chariots inlaid with gold and made beautiful by gems. Thus Himavat attained perfect satisfaction after giving his daughter Pārvatī to Śiva, the great lord, in accordance with the rules. Then the lord of mountains with palms joined in reverence eulogised lord Śiva joyously with the hymns (sad-gir—sadgirā sukṛtāñjaliḥ) of the Yajurveda. [...]”.
The Purana (पुराण, purāṇas) refers to Sanskrit literature preserving ancient India’s vast cultural history, including historical legends, religious ceremonies, various arts and sciences. The eighteen mahapuranas total over 400,000 shlokas (metrical couplets) and date to at least several centuries BCE.
Vedanta (school of philosophy)
Gir (गिर्) refers to the “speech” (considered as a dreadful aspect of Saṃsāra), according to the Aṣṭāvakragītā (5th century BC), an ancient text on spirituality dealing with Advaita-Vedānta topics.—Accordingly, [as Aṣṭavakra says to Janaka]: “[...] Enough of wealth, sensuality and good deeds. In the forest of saṃsāra the mind has never found satisfaction in these. How many births have you not done hard and painful labour with body, mind and speech (gir) [kṛtaṃ na kati janmāni kāyena manasā girā]. Now at last stop!”.
Vedanta (वेदान्त, vedānta) refers to a school of orthodox Hindu philosophy (astika), drawing its subject-matter from the Upanishads. There are a number of sub-schools of Vedanta, however all of them expound on the basic teaching of the ultimate reality (brahman) and liberation (moksha) of the individual soul (atman).
In Buddhism
Tibetan Buddhism (Vajrayana or tantric Buddhism)
Gir (गिर्) refers to “words”, according to the 33rd chapter of the Saṃvarodayatantra: a Buddhist explanatory Tantra of the Cakrasaṃvara cycle.—Accordingly, while describing the no-mind meditation: “[...] Free from meditation and concentration and beyond [both] Yoga and reasoning, he leads people to absorption in ‘suchness’, when the mind becomes steady in awareness. Its form is like the sky, the dwelling place of the ether and like a pure crystal and gem, [it is] without beginning or end, unelaborated, beyond the senses, unchanging, without appearance, completely void, free of ills, the light of the world, the destruction of the bonds of existence, inexpressible by words (gir) and even beyond the sphere of the mind”.
Tibetan Buddhism includes schools such as Nyingma, Kadampa, Kagyu and Gelug. Their primary canon of literature is divided in two broad categories: The Kangyur, which consists of Buddha’s words, and the Tengyur, which includes commentaries from various sources. Esotericism and tantra techniques (vajrayāna) are collected indepently.
In Jainism
General definition (in Jainism)
Gir (गिर्) refers to the “(realm of) words”, according to the 12th century Yogaśāstra (verse 12.55) by Hemacandra: a Jain treatise dealing with Yoga and the highest reality (tattva).—Accordingly, “[This] Upaniṣad of Yoga, which is a cause of wonder in the mind of the assembly of the wise, was known from scripture, from the mouth of a good Guru and a little from experience in various places. Because of the profuse requesting of the Caulukya king, Kumārapāla, it was placed in the realm of words (gir) by his teacher, the honourable Hemacandra. [...]”.
Jainism is an Indian religion of Dharma whose doctrine revolves around harmlessness (ahimsa) towards every living being. The two major branches (Digambara and Svetambara) of Jainism stimulate self-control (or, shramana, ‘self-reliance’) and spiritual development through a path of peace for the soul to progess to the ultimate goal.
Languages of India and abroad
Sanskrit dictionary
Gir (गिर्).—a. [gṝ-kvip vā ṭāp] Ved. Addressing, invoking. -f. (nom. sing. gīḥ; instr. dual gīrbhyām &c.)
1) Speech, words, language; वचस्यवसिते तस्मिन् ससर्ज गिरमात्मभूः (vacasyavasite tasmin sasarja giramātmabhūḥ) Kumārasambhava 2.53;3.72; भवतीनां सूनृतयैव गिरा कृतमातिथ्यम् (bhavatīnāṃ sūnṛtayaiva girā kṛtamātithyam) Ś.1; प्रवृत्तिसाराः खलु मादृशां गिरः (pravṛttisārāḥ khalu mādṛśāṃ giraḥ) Kirātārjunīya 1.25; Śiśupālavadha 2.15; Y.1.71.
2) Invocation, praise, song.
3) Name of Sarasvatī, the goddess of speech and learning.
4) Intellect; cf. गिर्धीः (girdhīḥ) Enm.
5) Knowledge from hearing (śravaṇajajñāna); प्रपूर्वगौ पूर्वजौ चित्रभानू गिरा वाऽऽशंसामि तपसा ह्यनन्तौ (prapūrvagau pūrvajau citrabhānū girā vā''śaṃsāmi tapasā hyanantau) Mahābhārata (Bombay) 1. 3.57 com.
Gir (गिर्).—f.
(-goḥ) 1. Speech, speaking. 2. A name of Saraswati the goddess of speech. 3. Fame, celebrity. E. gṝ to sound, affix kvip, ṛ is changed to ir.
Gir (गिर्).— (vb. 1. gṛ10), f. 1. Voice, [Yājñavalkya, (ed. Stenzler.)] 1, 71. 2. Speech, [Nala] 1, 26 (25). 3. A word, [Nala] 11, 6.
Gir (गिर्).—1. v. 1 gṛ.
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Gir (गिर्).—2. [adjective] [substantive] singing, singer; [feminine] song, word, voice, call, verse, praise. girā by the advice or in the name of ([genetive] or —°).
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Gir (गिर्).—3. v. 2 gṛ.
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Gir (गिर्).—4. (—°) devouring.
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Gir (गिर्).—5. [masculine] = giri.
1) Gir (गिर्):—1. gir mfn. (√1. gṝ) addressing, invoking, praising, [Ṛg-veda]
2) f. (īr) invocation, addressing with praise, praise, verse, song, [Ṛg-veda] (the Maruts are called ‘sons of praise’, sūnavo giraḥ, [i, 37, 10]), [Atharva-veda]
3) speech, speaking, language, voice, words (e.g. mānuṣīṃ giraṃ √1. kṛ, to assume a human voice, [Nalopākhyāna i, 25]; girāṃ prabhaviṣṇuḥ [Varāha-mihira’s Bṛhat-saṃhitā] or pati [Varāha-mihira’s Yogayātrā] = gir-īśa q.v.; tad-girā, on his advice, [Kathāsaritsāgara lxxv]), [Chāndogya-upaniṣad; Manu-smṛti; Yājñavalkya; Mahābhārata] etc.
4) = gīr-devī, fame, celebrity, [Horace H. Wilson]
5) a kind of mystical syllable, [Rāmatāpanīya-upaniṣad];
6) cf. [Hibernian or Irish] gair, ‘an outcry, shout’; [Greek] γῆρυς.
7) Gīr (गीर्):—[from gir] (in [compound] for 1. gir).
8) Gir (गिर्):—2. gir mfn. (√2. gṝ) ifc. ‘swallowing’ See garaand muhur-gir.
9) 3. gir m. = giri, a mountain, [Ṛg-veda v, 41, 14 and vii, 39, 5; Śiśupāla-vadha iv, 59.]
Gir (गिर्):—(gīḥ) 5. f. Speech, goddess of speech; fame, celebrity.
Gir (गिर्):—1. , girati s. gar .
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Gir (गिर्):—
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Gir (गिर्):—3. (= 2. gar) adj. verschlingend in garagir, muhurgir .
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Gir (गिर्):—2.
2) b) evaṃ sa vijñāpyo girā mama so v. a. in meinem Namen [Kathāsaritsāgara 121, 263.] — d) [Spr. 3939.] — e) Bez. einer best. mystischen Silbe [WEBER, Rāmatāpanīya Upaniṣad 308.]
Gir (गिर्):—1. , girate s.u. 1. gar mit sam.
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Gir (गिर्):—2. —
1) Adj. Subst. anrufend , Lobsänger. —
2) f. — a) Wort , Ruf , Spruch , Preis , Lob. — b) Sg. und Pl. Rede , Sprache , Worte Ausspruch. tadgirā nach seinem Ausspruch , auf seinen Rath [119,25.] girā mama so v.a. in meinem Namen. girāṃ patiḥ ([Varāhamihira’s Yogayātrā 4,18]) und girāṃ prabhaviṣṇuḥ Bez. Bṛhaspati’s des Planeten Jupiter. giraṅkuśena [Mahābhārata 4,2105] fehlerhaft für girāṅkuśena. — c) Stimme. — d) die Göttin der Rede , Sarasvatī. — e) eine best. mystische Silbe.
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Gir (गिर्):—3. , girati , te s. 2. gar.
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Gir (गिर्):—4. Adj. verschlingend.
Gir (गिर्) in the Sanskrit language is related to the Prakrit words: Girā, Gī.
Sanskrit, also spelled संस्कृतम् (saṃskṛtam), is an ancient language of India commonly seen as the grandmother of the Indo-European language family (even English!). Closely allied with Prakrit and Pali, Sanskrit is more exhaustive in both grammar and terms and has the most extensive collection of literature in the world, greatly surpassing its sister-languages Greek and Latin.
Kannada-English dictionary
Gir (ಗಿರ್):—[adverb] = ಗಿಮಿಗಿಮಿ [gimigimi].
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Gir (ಗಿರ್):—[noun] a sound made by a bird’s wings or a propeller; a whizzing or buzzing sound; whir.
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Gīṟ (ಗೀಱ್):—
1) [noun] the humming sound of a bee.
2) [noun] a sound imitating it.
Kannada is a Dravidian language (as opposed to the Indo-European language family) mainly spoken in the southwestern region of India.
Nepali dictionary
Gir is another spelling for गिर [gira].—n. the wooden ball;
Nepali is the primary language of the Nepalese people counting almost 20 million native speakers. The country of Nepal is situated in the Himalaya mountain range to the north of India.
See also (Relevant definitions)
Starts with (+23): Garu, Gimha, Gimhana, Gira, Gira-gira, Gira-girachiya, Gira-Kana-Kara-Dini-Dishi, Giraan, Girabadanem, Girabdari, Girabhi, Giracatanem, Girada, Giradavara, Giradhara gosvamin, Giradi, Giradol, Giraftaar, Giragadara, Girahidi.
Full-text (+223): Girvana, Girisha, Gishpati, Girdevi, Apakaragir, Girlata, Rajgir, Gira, Girvan, Mridugir, Girvanas, Kamyagir, Yatagir, Girvanasyu, Vrishagir, Girvahas, Rajendragir, Samgir, Upahasagir, Muhurgir.
Relevant text
Search found 50 books and stories containing Gir, Gīr, Gīṟ; (plurals include: Girs, Gīrs, Gīṟs). You can also click to the full overview containing English textual excerpts. Below are direct links for the most relevant articles:
International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health (MDPI)
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Sahitya-kaumudi by Baladeva Vidyabhushana (by Gaurapada Dāsa)
Rig Veda (translation and commentary) (by H. H. Wilson)
Yavanajataka by Sphujidhvaja [Sanskrit/English] (by Michael D Neely)
Verse 2.25 < [Chapter 2 - One’s Own Form of the Horās]
Verse 2.41 < [Chapter 2 - One’s Own Form of the Horās]
Amarakoshodghatana of Kshirasvamin (study) (by A. Yamuna Devi)
Education (4): Language and literature < [Chapter 4 - Cultural Aspects]
Chaitanya Bhagavata (by Bhumipati Dāsa)
Verse 3.3.219 < [Chapter 3 - Mahāprabhu’s Deliverance of Sarvabhauma, Exhibition of His Six-armed Form, and Journey to Bengal]
Verse 2.18.170 < [Chapter 18 - Mahāprabhu’s Dancing as a Gopī]