Garva: 20 definitions
Introduction:
Garva means something in Buddhism, Pali, Hinduism, Sanskrit, Marathi, Hindi. If you want to know the exact meaning, history, etymology or English translation of this term then check out the descriptions on this page. Add your comment or reference to a book if you want to contribute to this summary article.
In Hinduism
Natyashastra (theatrics and dramaturgy)
Garva (गर्व, “arrogance”).—One of the thirty-three ‘transitory states’ (vyabhicāribhāva), according to the Nāṭyaśāstra chapter 7. These ‘transitory states’ accompany the ‘permanent state’ in co-operation. The term is used throughout nāṭyaśāstra literature. (Also see the Daśarūpa 4.8-9)
Garva (गर्व, “arrogance”) is caused by determinants (vibhāva) such as king-ship, noble birth, personal beauty, youth, learning, power, attainment of wealth ond the like. It is to be represented on the stage by consequents (anubhāva) such as contempt [for others], harassing [people], not giving reply [to one’s question], not greeting [others], looking to shoulders, flurry, contemptous laughter, harsh words, transgressing [commands of] the superiors, rebuking and the like.
Garva (गर्व, “pride”) refers to one of the various “transitory feelings of mind” (sañcāribhāva) in Indian Dramas, according to the Sāhityadarpaṇa.—The state of utsāha is the sthāyībhāva of vīrarasa. It increases energy and excitement to mind and projects the heroic sentiment through the sañcāribhāvas i.e., transitory feelings of mind like, e.g., garva (pride).
Natyashastra (नाट्यशास्त्र, nāṭyaśāstra) refers to both the ancient Indian tradition (shastra) of performing arts, (natya—theatrics, drama, dance, music), as well as the name of a Sanskrit work dealing with these subjects. It also teaches the rules for composing Dramatic plays (nataka), construction and performance of Theater, and Poetic works (kavya).
Kavyashastra (science of poetry)
Garva (गर्व) refers to one of the different Bhāvas employed in the Bhīṣmacarita (Bhishma Charitra) which is a mahākāvya (‘epic poem’) written by Hari Narayan Dikshit.— The example of garva-bhāva is XII.40.—Here we can see Devavrata Bhīṣma’s pride for his strength. The kings assembled in the royal court of Kāśī Nareśa discuss how mighty and powerful Bhīṣma is. The sense of garva is expressed here in the mighty personality of King Devavrata Bhīṣma.
Kavyashastra (काव्यशास्त्र, kāvyaśāstra) refers to the ancient Indian tradition of poetry (kavya). Canonical literature (shastra) of the includes encyclopedic manuals dealing with prosody, rhetoric and various other guidelines serving to teach the poet how to compose literature.
Shaktism (Shakta philosophy)
Garva (गर्व) refers to “pride”.—[...] The affirmation for ritual purposes of one's own identity with the deity inevitably entails the positive affirmation of the ego as being ‘I am Śiva’ or the like. The principle that the offering made to the deity must come from deity, not a profane mortal, is so well accepted that the Buddhist Vajrayāna, although basically atheist as all Buddhist traditions are, accommodates it. The deity is visualized as emanating from its sonic form that emerges from the Void. Then the worshipper must similarly identify himself with it by developing what the Vajrayāna Tantras term ‘divine pride’ (divya-garva).
Shakta (शाक्त, śākta) or Shaktism (śāktism) represents a tradition of Hinduism where the Goddess (Devi) is revered and worshipped. Shakta literature includes a range of scriptures, including various Agamas and Tantras, although its roots may be traced back to the Vedas.
Purana and Itihasa (epic history)
Garva (गर्व) refers to the “ego”, according to the Śivapurāṇa 2.3.13 (“Śiva-Pārvatī dialogue”).—Accordingly, after Śiva permitted Pārvatī to stay by his side: “[...] On seeing her with perfect control over her sense-organs and engrossed in serving Him always, the lord mercifully thought. ‘I shall take her only when the last seed of ego goes away from her [i.e., garva-bīja-vivarjita]; when she herself performs a penance’. Thinking thus, the lord of the Bhūtas reverted to meditation. The lord who could indulge in great sports became a great Yogin. [...]”.
The Purana (पुराण, purāṇas) refers to Sanskrit literature preserving ancient India’s vast cultural history, including historical legends, religious ceremonies, various arts and sciences. The eighteen mahapuranas total over 400,000 shlokas (metrical couplets) and date to at least several centuries BCE.
In Buddhism
Tibetan Buddhism (Vajrayana or tantric Buddhism)
Garva (गर्व, “pride”) refers to one of the Seventeen Viśuddhipadas (“stations of purity”) and is associated with the deity Nṛtyā, according to the Prajñāpāramitānayasūtra: an ancient Buddhist Tantric text recited daily in the Japanese Shingon sect which is closely related to the Sarvatathāgatatattvasaṃgraha.—The visualization of the seventeen-deity maṇḍala, representing the deification of the seventeen Viśuddhipadas [e.g., garva], was thought to facilitate the attainment of enlightenment through the sublimation of the defilements into the mind of enlightenment (bodhicitta).
Tibetan Buddhism includes schools such as Nyingma, Kadampa, Kagyu and Gelug. Their primary canon of literature is divided in two broad categories: The Kangyur, which consists of Buddha’s words, and the Tengyur, which includes commentaries from various sources. Esotericism and tantra techniques (vajrayāna) are collected indepently.
Languages of India and abroad
Marathi-English dictionary
garva (गर्व).—m (S) Pride, haughtiness, arrogance.
garva (गर्व).—m Arrogance, pride, haughtiness.
Marathi is an Indo-European language having over 70 million native speakers people in (predominantly) Maharashtra India. Marathi, like many other Indo-Aryan languages, evolved from early forms of Prakrit, which itself is a subset of Sanskrit, one of the most ancient languages of the world.
Sanskrit dictionary
Garva (गर्व).—
1) Pride, arrogance; मा कुरु धनजनयौवनगर्वं हरति निमेषात्कालः सर्वम् (mā kuru dhanajanayauvanagarvaṃ harati nimeṣātkālaḥ sarvam) Moha. M.4; मुधेदानीं यौवनगर्वं वहसि (mudhedānīṃ yauvanagarvaṃ vahasi) M.4.
2) Pride considered as one of the 33 subordinate feelings in rhetoric; रूपधनविद्यादिप्रयुक्तात्मोत्कर्षज्ञानाधीनपरावहेलनम् (rūpadhanavidyādiprayuktātmotkarṣajñānādhīnaparāvahelanam) R. G.; or, according to S. D. गर्वो मदः प्रभावश्रीविद्यासत्कुलतादिजः । अवज्ञासविलासाङ्गदर्शनाविनयादिकृत् (garvo madaḥ prabhāvaśrīvidyāsatkulatādijaḥ | avajñāsavilāsāṅgadarśanāvinayādikṛt) || 181.
Derivable forms: garvaḥ (गर्वः).
Garva (गर्व) or Garvva.—m.
(-rvaḥ) Pride, arrogance. E. garv to be proud, affix ac or gṝ to swallow, &c. and va Unadi affix; this word is sometimes written garbba.
Garva (गर्व).—[gar + va] (cf. guru), m. Pride, [Pañcatantra] 26, 2.
1) Garva (गर्व):—[from garv] m. pride, arrogance, [Rāmāyaṇa ii, 31, 20; Raghuvaṃśa C] iii, 51 [Varāha-mihira’s Bṛhat-saṃhitā] etc.
2) [v.s. ...] (in [dramatic language]) proud speech, [Sāhitya-darpaṇa vi, 200.]
1) Garva (गर्व):—(garvati) 1. a. To be proud.
2) (rvvaḥ) 1. m. Pride.
Garva (गर्व):—(garva) m. [Die Uṇādi-Affixe 1, 154.] Hochmuth, Dünkel [Amarakoṣa 1, 1, 7, 22.] [Trikāṇḍaśeṣa 3, 3, 210.] [Hemacandra’s Abhidhānacintāmaṇi 316.] [Medinīkoṣa b. 4] (= abhimāna und avalepa). garvo madaḥ prabhāvaśrīvidyāmatkulatādijaḥ . avajñāsavilāsāṅgadarśanāvinayādikṛt .. [Sāhityadarpana 181.] [Rāmāyaṇa 2, 31, 20.] [Raghuvaṃśa ed. Calc. 3, 51.] garvamāsādya [Pañcatantra 26, 2.] na garvaṃ kurute māne [I, 101.] [Varāhamihira’s Bṛhajjātaka S. 77, 8.] atigarva [Sāhityadarpana 54, 19.] sagarvam adv. [Rāmāyaṇa 3, 32, 2. -] Nach [Griechischen und Indoskythischen Könige] mit guru (vgl. garīyaṃs, gariṣṭha) verwandt.
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Garva (गर्व):—definirt [PRATĀPAR. 53,a,5.] dhana [Daśakumāracarita] in [Benfey’ Chrestomathie aus Sanskritwerken 191, 23.] In der Dramatik eine hochmüthige Rede: garvo valepajaṃ vākyam [Sāhityadarpana 475. 471.]
Garva (गर्व):—m. Hochmuth , Dünkel , Stolz , eine hochmüthige Rede. dhana Geldstolz garvaṃ kar oder yā ([Indische sprüche 7680]) hochmüthig werden.
Garva (गर्व) in the Sanskrit language is related to the Prakrit word: Gavva.
Sanskrit, also spelled संस्कृतम् (saṃskṛtam), is an ancient language of India commonly seen as the grandmother of the Indo-European language family (even English!). Closely allied with Prakrit and Pali, Sanskrit is more exhaustive in both grammar and terms and has the most extensive collection of literature in the world, greatly surpassing its sister-languages Greek and Latin.
Hindi dictionary
Garva (गर्व) [Also spelled garv]:—(nm) pride; elation.
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Kannada-English dictionary
Garva (ಗರ್ವ):—
1) [noun] a high or overbearing opinion of one’s worth or importance; inordinate self-esteem; haughty behaviour resulting from this; arrogance; pride.
2) [noun] (rhet.) pride, considered as one of the thirty-three subordinate feelings.
3) [noun] (pros.) a metre having two long syllables in each foot.
4) [noun] (phil.) the principle of individuality; ಗರ್ವ ಇಳಿಸು [garva ilisu] garva iḷisu to make some pay for his arrogance; to make an (arrogant) person humble.
Kannada is a Dravidian language (as opposed to the Indo-European language family) mainly spoken in the southwestern region of India.
Nepali dictionary
Garva (गर्व):—n. 1. pride; honor; 2. conceit; arrogance; vanity;
Nepali is the primary language of the Nepalese people counting almost 20 million native speakers. The country of Nepal is situated in the Himalaya mountain range to the north of India.
See also (Relevant definitions)
Starts with (+7): Garva hannu, Garvabhamga, Garvabija, Garvagir, Garvahata, Garvahina, Garvamdha, Garvamdhe, Garvamocana, Garvana, Garvapadu, Garvapahara, Garvapaharaka, Garvapahari, Garvapaharin, Garvapraharin, Garvara, Garvari, Garvata, Garvavibhrama.
Full-text (+78): Attagarva, Sagarva, Dhanagarva, Nirgarva, Aptagarva, Garv, Jayagarva, Agarva, Garvita, Sagarvam, Parvarina, Vedagarva, Managarva, Vyabhicaribhava, Shringaragarva, Garvavinashi, Agni garva, Garva hannu, Garvavritti, Adattagarva.
Relevant text
Search found 45 books and stories containing Garva; (plurals include: Garvas). You can also click to the full overview containing English textual excerpts. Below are direct links for the most relevant articles:
Bhakti-rasamrta-sindhu (by Śrīla Rūpa Gosvāmī)
Verse 2.4.41 < [Part 4 - Transient Ecstatic Disturbances (vyābhicāri-bhāva)]
Verse 3.3.103 < [Part 3 - Fraternal Devotion (sakhya-rasa)]
Verse 2.4.165 < [Part 4 - Transient Ecstatic Disturbances (vyābhicāri-bhāva)]
Dictionaries of Indian languages (Kosha)
Page 107 < [Hindi-English-Nepali (1 volume)]
Page 123 < [Telugu-English-Malayalam (1 volume)]
Page 154 < [Hindi-Gujarati-English Volume 1]
Kavyalankara-sara-sangraha of Udbhata (by Narayana Daso Banhatti)
Chapter 2 (dvitiyo vargah) < [Sanskrit text of the Kavyalankara-sara-sangraha]
Chapter 2—Second Varga < [English notes to the Kavyalankara-sara-sangraha]
Sahitya-kaumudi by Baladeva Vidyabhushana (by Gaurapada Dāsa)
Text 10.227 < [Chapter 10 - Ornaments of Meaning]
Text 10.228 < [Chapter 10 - Ornaments of Meaning]
Text 4.98 < [Chapter 4 - First-rate Poetry]
Alankara Sastra (English study) (by V. Raghavan)
7. Table of the Lakshanas in the various lists < [Chapter 1 - The history of Lakshana (poetic adornments)]
5. Other writers on the subject of Laksana < [Chapter 1 - The history of Lakshana (poetic adornments)]
Saura-purana (analytical study) (by Priyanku Chakraborty)
Part 2.22c - The birth of Skanda < [Chapter 3 - Myths and Legends of the Saura-purāṇa]