Dvitiya, Dvitīya: 22 definitions
Introduction:
Dvitiya means something in Buddhism, Pali, Hinduism, Sanskrit, Marathi, Hindi. If you want to know the exact meaning, history, etymology or English translation of this term then check out the descriptions on this page. Add your comment or reference to a book if you want to contribute to this summary article.
Alternative spellings of this word include Dwitiy.
In Hinduism
Shiksha (linguistics: phonetics, phonology etc.)
Source: Wisdom Library: ŚikṣāDvitīya (द्वितीय, “the second”) is the name of a note (svara) used by singers of the sāmas (religious songs from Sāmaveda), corresponding to the gāndhāra-svara of the flute, according to the Nāradīyā-śīkṣā 1.5.1. The Nāradīyā-śīkṣā is an ancient Sanskrit treatise dealing phonetics and musicology. Its proclaimed author is the Nārada.
Shiksha (शिक्षा, śikṣā) deals with Sanskrit linguistics and represents a branch of vedanga (vedic ancillary science). Shiksha deals with subjects such as phonetics, phonology, study of sound, letters of the Sanskrit alphabet and related topics. Much attention is also given to the study of recitation (patha) of Vedic verses.
Vyakarana (Sanskrit grammar)
Source: Wikisource: A dictionary of Sanskrit grammarDvitīya (द्वितीय).—The second consonant in the five groups of consonants, surd aspirate, cf. T.Pr. I. 11: V. Pr.I. . 54, R. Pr. VI. 15; it is called द्वितीयतस्पर्श (dvitīyatasparśa) also.
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Dvitīyā (द्वितीया).—The second case; the accusative case, mainly prescribed for a word which is related as a karmakaraka to the activity in the sentence; cf P. II. 3.2 to 5,
Vyakarana (व्याकरण, vyākaraṇa) refers to Sanskrit grammar and represents one of the six additional sciences (vedanga) to be studied along with the Vedas. Vyakarana concerns itself with the rules of Sanskrit grammar and linguistic analysis in order to establish the correct context of words and sentences.
Vaishnavism (Vaishava dharma)
Source: Pure Bhakti: Arcana-dipika - 3rd EditionDvitīyā (द्वितीया) refers to one of the various “lunar days” (tithi):—There are approximately 29.5 lunar days in a lunar month. The first fifteen days begin with the first phase of the waxing moon (pratipat) and end with the full moon (pūrṇimā). [...] In accordance with the lunar day, one would utter, [for example, dvitīyā-tithau].
Vaishnava (वैष्णव, vaiṣṇava) or vaishnavism (vaiṣṇavism) represents a tradition of Hinduism worshipping Vishnu as the supreme Lord. Similar to the Shaktism and Shaivism traditions, Vaishnavism also developed as an individual movement, famous for its exposition of the dashavatara (‘ten avatars of Vishnu’).
Purana and Itihasa (epic history)
Source: archive.org: Shiva Purana - English TranslationDvitīyā (द्वितीया) refers to “(one’s) wife”, according to the Śivapurāṇa 2.3.21 (“Nārada instructs Pārvatī”).—Accordingly, as Nārada said to Pārvatī: “[...] O Śivā, after burning Kāma, lord Śiva though favourably disposed to His devotees, left you, since the lord is a great Yogin and so unattached to you. Hence you shall propitiate Him by performing a great penance. Śiva will take you as His wife [i.e., dvitīyā], after you have been sanctified by austerities. You will never forsake the auspicious Śiva. O goddess, you will not take any one other than Śiva as your husband”.
The Purana (पुराण, purāṇas) refers to Sanskrit literature preserving ancient India’s vast cultural history, including historical legends, religious ceremonies, various arts and sciences. The eighteen mahapuranas total over 400,000 shlokas (metrical couplets) and date to at least several centuries BCE.
Pancaratra (worship of Nārāyaṇa)
Source: University of Vienna: Sudarśana's Worship at the Royal Court According to the AhirbudhnyasaṃhitāDvitīyā (द्वितीया) refers to the “second” (level of Kriyāśakti—‘creative energy’), according to the Ahirbudhnyasaṃhitā, belonging to the Pāñcarātra tradition which deals with theology, rituals, iconography, narrative mythology and others.—Accordingly, “A ruler who is a Universal Sovereign is entitled to the first, a Provincial Governor to the second (dvitīyā) and a District Governor to the third [level of] Creative Energy. [To the same are entitled] a chief minister or a twice-born, provided he is in charge of the protection of many people. No single man is entitled to [deploy] Her for [just] another man”.
Pancaratra (पाञ्चरात्र, pāñcarātra) represents a tradition of Hinduism where Narayana is revered and worshipped. Closeley related to Vaishnavism, the Pancaratra literature includes various Agamas and tantras incorporating many Vaishnava philosophies.
Yoga (school of philosophy)
Source: ORA: Amanaska (king of all yogas): A Critical Edition and Annotated Translation by Jason BirchDvitīya (द्वितीय) refers to the “second (year)” (of Yogic breathing exercises), according to the Śivayogadīpikā, an ancient Sanskrit text dealing with Yoga possibly corresponding to the Śivayoga quoted in Śivānanda’s Yogacintāmaṇi.—Accordingly, [while describing a sequence of Haṭhayoga practices]: “Thus, by means of this Haṭhayoga which has eight auxiliaries, those [students who are] life-long celibates obtain the Siddhis of the [best of Sages] because of their untiring practice. Listen to [my account of] them. In the first year, [the celibate] becomes free of disease and much loved by all people and, in the second year (dvitīya), he then [gains] great eloquence and can write poetry. [...]”.
Yoga is originally considered a branch of Hindu philosophy (astika), but both ancient and modern Yoga combine the physical, mental and spiritual. Yoga teaches various physical techniques also known as āsanas (postures), used for various purposes (eg., meditation, contemplation, relaxation).
In Buddhism
Mahayana (major branch of Buddhism)
Source: academia.edu: A Study and Translation of the GaganagañjaparipṛcchāDvitīya (द्वितीय) or Dvitīyacitta refers to “secondary-thought”, according to the Gaganagañjaparipṛcchā: the eighth chapter of the Mahāsaṃnipāta (a collection of Mahāyāna Buddhist Sūtras).—Accordingly, “What then, son of good family, is the recollection of the Buddha (buddhānusmṛti), which is authorized by the Lord for Bodhisattvas? (1) while recollecting the Buddha from the perspective of morality, he never gives up unsullied morality; (2) while recollecting the Buddha in the perspective concentration, he is changeless concerning the realm of the dharma being always same; (3) while recollecting the Buddha from the perspective of insight, he is free from thought-constructions since there is no activity in all dharmas; (4) while recollecting the Buddha from the perspective of liberation, he does not stay in the secondary-thought (dvitīya-citta); [...]”.
Mahayana (महायान, mahāyāna) is a major branch of Buddhism focusing on the path of a Bodhisattva (spiritual aspirants/ enlightened beings). Extant literature is vast and primarely composed in the Sanskrit language. There are many sūtras of which some of the earliest are the various Prajñāpāramitā sūtras.
Languages of India and abroad
Marathi-English dictionary
Source: DDSA: The Molesworth Marathi and English Dictionarydvitīya (द्वितीय).—a (S) Second or another.
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dvitīyā (द्वितीया).—f (S) The second day of the waxing or the waning moon. 2 The second case in grammar.
Source: DDSA: The Aryabhusan school dictionary, Marathi-Englishdvitīya (द्वितीय).—a Second.
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dvitīyā (द्वितीया).—f The 2nd day of the half month. The 2nd case in grammar.
Marathi is an Indo-European language having over 70 million native speakers people in (predominantly) Maharashtra India. Marathi, like many other Indo-Aryan languages, evolved from early forms of Prakrit, which itself is a subset of Sanskrit, one of the most ancient languages of the world.
Sanskrit dictionary
Source: DDSA: The practical Sanskrit-English dictionaryDvitīya (द्वितीय).—a. Second; त्वं जीवितं त्वमसि मे हृदयं द्वितीयम् (tvaṃ jīvitaṃ tvamasi me hṛdayaṃ dvitīyam) U. 3.26; Meghadūta 85; R.3.49.
-yaḥ 1 the second in a family, a son.
2) A companion, partner, friend (usually at the end of comp.); प्रयतपरिग्रहद्वितीयः (prayataparigrahadvitīyaḥ) R.1.95; Kumārasambhava 3.35; so छाया°, दुःख° (chāyā°, duḥkha°) &c.
3) The second letter of a class.
4) The second person (in gram.).
-yā 1 The second day of a lunar fortnight. °चन्द्र (candra) the young moon; द्वितीया- चन्द्र इवाधिकतरं शोभते प्रियवयस्यः (dvitīyā- candra ivādhikataraṃ śobhate priyavayasyaḥ) Ratnāvalī 4.2/3.
2) A wife, companion, partner; द्वितीयां मदभीष्टाय भार्यार्थे स्वीकरिष्यसि (dvitīyāṃ madabhīṣṭāya bhāryārthe svīkariṣyasi) Kathāsaritsāgara 98.33.
3) (In gram.) The accusative case.
-yam The half.
-yam ind. A second time, again.
Source: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Edgerton Buddhist Hybrid Sanskrit DictionaryDvitiya (द्वितिय).—adj. (compare Pali dutiya, for Sanskrit dvitīya; § 3.41), second; rare and only m.c. in [Buddhist Hybrid Sanskrit] (so also tṛtiya, q.v.); in many of the following cases some or all of the mss. read ī, tho meter justifies em. to i: Saddharmapuṇḍarīka 46.11, 14; 91.7; 158.1; Lalitavistara 94.8; 175.10; Mahāvastu ii.134.7 (see s.v. dvitīyā; Senart dutiya, but I have not found du- written for dvi- in this word); in Gaṇḍavyūha 257.10, 20 text dvitīyu, meter requires °iyu. All verses.
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Dvitīyā (द्वितीया).—(Sanskrit Lex. id.; Pali [purāṇa-]dutiyikā), wife, in purāṇa-dv°, former wife: Mahāvyutpatti 9262; read dvitiyā m.c. in Mahāvastu ii.134.7 (verse) dvitiyās (mss. °tīy°; Senart em. duti°) tathaiva caturo (so mss.) svajanaṃ ca sphītaṃ (vijahitva, from line 6); perhaps also dvitīya- (short a! mss. °ye in 405.18, later only °ya-) -kulika Mahāvastu iii.405.18 ff., 407.14; according to Senart wife's kinsman; but I am doubtful of this; we should expect °yā-; the passage is wholly prose; in 406.1 dvitīya- is omitted, kuliko alone being read; perhaps rather, a second (= another) kinsman, or a fellow (second) kinsman.
Source: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Shabda-Sagara Sanskrit-English DictionaryDvitīya (द्वितीय).—mfn.
(-yaḥ-yā-yaṃ) 1. Second. 2. Two. m.
(-yaḥ) A son, a second or successor. f.
(-yā) 1. A wife, according to the ritual, a woman wedded after the ceremony prescribed by the Vedas, a second self as it were. 2. The second day of the fortnight. E. dvi two, and tīya affix, fem. affix ṭāp; also with kan added, dvitīyaka .
Source: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Benfey Sanskrit-English DictionaryDvitīya (द्वितीय).—[dvi + tīya], I. ordinal number, f. yā, 1. Second, [Mānavadharmaśāstra] 2, 169. ºyam, adv. A second time, again, [Mānavadharmaśāstra] 11, 232. Ii. m. A companion, Mahābhārata 13, 4899.
Source: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Cappeller Sanskrit-English DictionaryDvitīya (द्वितीय).—[adjective] second, [neuter] [adverb] secondly, for the second time.
— [masculine] companion, fellow, follower, friend or enemy, adj. —° followed by, endowed with, possessed of. [feminine] ā female companion (*the second day of a half-month*); the second case (accusative) and its endings, also a word standing in the accusativ ([grammar]).
Source: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Monier-Williams Sanskrit-English Dictionary1) Dvitīya (द्वितीय):—[from dvi] mf(ā)n. ([from] dvi, [Pāṇini 5-2, 54]; decl, [i, 1, 36], [vArttika] 3, [Patañjali] cf. vii, 3, 115) second, [Ṛg-veda] etc. etc.
2) [from dvi] m. companion, fellow (friend or foe), [Śatapatha-brāhmaṇa; Mahābhārata] etc.
3) [v.s. ...] ifc. doubled or accompanied by, furnished with (cf. a-, chāyā-, dhanuretc.)
4) [v.s. ...] the 2nd in a family (id est. a son, [cf. Lexicographers, esp. such as amarasiṃha, halāyudha, hemacandra, etc.]; cf. [Aitareya-brāhmaṇa vii, 29])
5) [v.s. ...] the 2nd letter of a Varga id est. the surd aspirate, [Prātiśākhya; Pāṇini] etc.
6) Dvitīyā (द्वितीया):—[from dvitīya > dvi] a f. female companion or friend, [Kāṭhaka xcviii, 33]
7) [v.s. ...] wife (a second self), [cf. Lexicographers, esp. such as amarasiṃha, halāyudha, hemacandra, etc.]
8) [v.s. ...] (sc. vibhakti) the 2nd case, the accusative or its terminations, [Pāṇini 2-1, 24 etc.]
9) [v.s. ...] (sc. tithi) the 2nd day of a half-month, [Ratnāvalī iv, 2/3]
10) Dvitīya (द्वितीय):—[from dvi] mfn. ([Pāṇini 5-3, 49]) forming the 2nd part or half of anything, with bhāga m. half of ([genitive case]), [Manu-smṛti iv, 1 etc.]
11) [v.s. ...] n. the half (at the beginning or end of a [compound]), [Pāṇini; ib., ii, 2, 3; Kāśikā-vṛtti]
12) Dvitīyā (द्वितीया):—[from dvi] 1. dvitīyā f. of tīya.
13) [from dvi] 2. dvitīyā ind.
Source: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Yates Sanskrit-English DictionaryDvitīya (द्वितीय):—[(yaḥ-yā-yaṃ) a.] Second, two. m. A son. f. A wife.
Source: DDSA: Paia-sadda-mahannavo; a comprehensive Prakrit Hindi dictionary (S)Dvitīya (द्वितीय) in the Sanskrit language is related to the Prakrit words: Duia, Duijja, Duīa, Docca, Bi, Bia, Biijja, Bīā.
[Sanskrit to German]
Sanskrit, also spelled संस्कृतम् (saṃskṛtam), is an ancient language of India commonly seen as the grandmother of the Indo-European language family (even English!). Closely allied with Prakrit and Pali, Sanskrit is more exhaustive in both grammar and terms and has the most extensive collection of literature in the world, greatly surpassing its sister-languages Greek and Latin.
Hindi dictionary
Source: DDSA: A practical Hindi-English dictionary1) Dvitīya (द्वितीय) [Also spelled dwitiy]:—(a) the second; —[āśrama] the second or the householder’s stage in an individual’s life; ~[ka] second; secondary.
2) Dvitīyā (द्वितीया) [Also spelled dwitiya]:—(nf) the second day of each lunar fortnight.
...
Kannada-English dictionary
Source: Alar: Kannada-English corpusDvitīya (ದ್ವಿತೀಯ):—
1) [adjective] coming next after the first in order of place or time; second; 2nd.
2) [adjective] ದ್ವಿತೀಯ ವಯಸ್ಸು [dvitiya vayassu] dvitīya vayassu the second half of one’s life-period.
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Dvitīya (ದ್ವಿತೀಯ):—
1) [noun] a friend or companion.
2) [noun] a thing that is different (from the one under reference).
Kannada is a Dravidian language (as opposed to the Indo-European language family) mainly spoken in the southwestern region of India.
Nepali dictionary
Source: unoes: Nepali-English Dictionary1) Dvitīya (द्वितीय):—adj. 1. second; 2. of second grade; second-ranked; 3. next; other;
2) Dvitīyā (द्वितीया):—n. the second day of lunar or solar fortnight; adj. fem. 1. second; 2. of second class;
Nepali is the primary language of the Nepalese people counting almost 20 million native speakers. The country of Nepal is situated in the Himalaya mountain range to the north of India.
See also (Relevant definitions)
Starts with (+45): Dvitiya-antara-himayuga, Dvitiya-anukramana, Dvitiya-chepati, Dvitiya-himani, Dvitiya-pradushana, Dvitiya-prashodhana, Dvitiya-purusha, Dvitiya-purusha-vacaka, Dvitiya-shreni, Dvitiya-upabhogakarta, Dvitiyabha, Dvitiyabhaga, Dvitiyabja, Dvitiyacakravartilakshana, Dvitiyacakravartilakshanadidhititika, Dvitiyacakravartilakshananugama, Dvitiyacakravartilakshanaprakasha, Dvitiyacakravartilakshanarahasya, Dvitiyacandra, Dvitiyacitta.
Ends with (+8): Advitiya, Apehidvitiya, Ashunyashayanadvitiya, Asidvitiya, Atmanadvitiya, Bhatridvitiya, Bhratridvitiya, Chayadvitiya, Chhayadvitiya, Dhanurdvitiya, Ehidvitiya, Etaddvitiya, Idamdvitiya, Ihadvitiya, Indrasenadvitiya, Kricchradvitiya, Parigrahadvitiya, Prayataparigrahadvitiya, Prehidvitiya, Punarvasudvitiya.
Full-text (+228): Advitiya, Dvitiyabha, Dvitiyatva, Bia, Prehidvitiya, Docca, Dvitiyatantra, Dvitiyam, Dvitiyatriphala, Dvitiyakrita, Dvitiyika, Dutiyas, Dvitiyavant, Etaddvitiya, Parigrahadvitiya, Bi, Dvitiyakalpa, Dvitiyasvalakshanarahasya, Dvitiyasvalakshanadidhititika, Dvitiyasvalakshanaloka.
Relevant text
Search found 123 books and stories containing Dvitiya, Dvitīya, Dvitīyā; (plurals include: Dvitiyas, Dvitīyas, Dvitīyās). You can also click to the full overview containing English textual excerpts. Below are direct links for the most relevant articles:
Chandogya Upanishad (english Translation) (by Swami Lokeswarananda)
Tattvartha Sutra (with commentary) (by Vijay K. Jain)
Verse 9.42 - Ekatvavitarka is free from shifting (vīcāra) < [Chapter 9 - Stoppage and Shedding of Karmas]
Garga Samhita (English) (by Danavir Goswami)
Verse 6.19.2 < [Chapter 19 - In the First Fortress of Dvārakā, the Glories of Līlā-sarovara, etc.]
Verses 4.19.132-133 < [Chapter 19 - A Thousand Names of Srī Yamunā]
Verse 5.13.5 < [Chapter 13 - The Arrival of Sri Uddhava]
Vakyapadiya of Bhartrihari (by K. A. Subramania Iyer)
Verse 3.1.56 < [Book 3 - Pada-kāṇḍa (1): Jāti-samuddeśa (On the Universal)]
Verse 1.45 < [Book 1 - Brahma-kāṇḍa (or Āgama-samuccaya)]
Verse 3.1.66 < [Book 3 - Pada-kāṇḍa (1): Jāti-samuddeśa (On the Universal)]
Sahitya-kaumudi by Baladeva Vidyabhushana (by Gaurapada Dāsa)
Text 10.28 < [Chapter 10 - Ornaments of Meaning]
Text 7.39 < [Chapter 7 - Literary Faults]
Text 4.23 < [Chapter 4 - First-rate Poetry]
The Saiva Philosophy in the Siva-Purana < [Purana, Volume 7, Part 1 (1965)]
Purana references in ancient Works < [Purana, Volume 4, Part 1 (1962)]
Bhukti-Mukti Ideal in the Puranas < [Purana, Volume 1, Part 2 (1960)]
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