Devaraja, Devarāja, Deva-raja, Devarājā: 26 definitions
Introduction:
Devaraja means something in Buddhism, Pali, Hinduism, Sanskrit, the history of ancient India. If you want to know the exact meaning, history, etymology or English translation of this term then check out the descriptions on this page. Add your comment or reference to a book if you want to contribute to this summary article.
In Hinduism
Purana and Itihasa (epic history)
1) Devarāja (देवराज).—A king in ancient India who spent his days in the assembly of Yama worshipping him. (Sabhā Parva, Chapter 4, Verse 26).
2) Devarāja (देवराज).—An immoral brahmin who had been a trader in Kirātanagara. Once he met a whore at the bathing pool and got so inextricably tied up with her that he killed his parents and wife for her sake. Then one day he had to go to Pratiṣṭhānanagara on business where he heard sacred stories being read. He had also a glimpse of the divine. A month after that he died. Though an evil fellow, because of his having worshipped Śiva for a month he had the good fortune to go to Mount Kailāsa after his death. (Śiva Purāṇa Māhātmyam).
Devarāja (देवराज) is the name of a Brahmin, according to the Śivapurāṇa-māhātmya chapter 2.—“in the city of Kirātas there lived a Brahmin extremely poor and deficient in (Brahmanical) knowledge. He used to sell various kinds of beverage and was averse to the worship of gods or to virtuous activities. 16. He never practised the daily Sandhyā prayers or ablutions. His practice resembled a Vaiśya’s mode of living. He never hesitated to deceive credulous persons. His name was Devarāja. Either by killing or by using various deceitful means he used to rob Brahmins, Kṣatriyas, Vaiśyas, Śūdras and others”.
The Purana (पुराण, purāṇas) refers to Sanskrit literature preserving ancient India’s vast cultural history, including historical legends, religious ceremonies, various arts and sciences. The eighteen mahapuranas total over 400,000 shlokas (metrical couplets) and date to at least several centuries BCE.
Vaishnavism (Vaishava dharma)
Devarāja (देवराज) refers to:—Indra, king of demigods. (cf. Glossary page from Śrī Bṛhad-bhāgavatāmṛta).
Vaishnava (वैष्णव, vaiṣṇava) or vaishnavism (vaiṣṇavism) represents a tradition of Hinduism worshipping Vishnu as the supreme Lord. Similar to the Shaktism and Shaivism traditions, Vaishnavism also developed as an individual movement, famous for its exposition of the dashavatara (‘ten avatars of Vishnu’).
Ganitashastra (Mathematics and Algebra)
Devarāja (देवराज) is the author of the Kuṭṭākāraśiromaṇi dealing with the subject of “indeterminate analysis of the first degree”, according to the principles of Bījagaṇita (“algebra” or ‘science of calculation’), according to Gaṇita-śāstra, ancient Indian mathematics and astronomy.—On account of its special importance, the treatmeat of this subject [i.e., ‘indeterminate analysis of the first degree’] has been included by Bhāskara II in his treatise of arithmetic also, though it belongs particularly to algebra. It is also noteworthy that there is a work exclusively devoted to the treatment of this subject. Such a special treatise is a very rare thing in the mathematical literature of the ancient Hindus. This work, entitled Kuṭṭākāraśiromaṇi, is by one Devarāja, a commentator of Āryabhaṭa I.
Ganita (गणित) or Ganitashastra refers to the ancient Indian science of mathematics, algebra, number theory, arithmetic, etc. Closely allied with astronomy, both were commonly taught and studied in universities, even since the 1st millennium BCE. Ganita-shastra also includes ritualistic math-books such as the Shulba-sutras.
Natyashastra (theatrics and dramaturgy)
Devaraja (देवरज) is the name of an authority on Nāṭya (ancient Indian art of performance and theater), as mentioned in the Bharataśāstram, one of the works ascribed to Kohala (=Kohalācārya-Kavi)—a celebrated authority of the ancient period along with others such as Bharata, Yāṣṭika, Śārdūla, Kāśyapa etc.—The possibility of connecting Kohala as the author of a portion of this codex exists only in the unknown section. Therefore, it seems more than likely that Kohala was not the author of this section. [...] The nāndī-śloka is followed by verses of veneration of earlier authorities on nāṭya [e.g., Devaraja] in chronological order. This entire passage with the exception of the final two lines, is an interpolation from Saṅgītaratnākara.
Natyashastra (नाट्यशास्त्र, nāṭyaśāstra) refers to both the ancient Indian tradition (shastra) of performing arts, (natya—theatrics, drama, dance, music), as well as the name of a Sanskrit work dealing with these subjects. It also teaches the rules for composing Dramatic plays (nataka), construction and performance of Theater, and Poetic works (kavya).
Kama-shastra (the science of Love-making)
Devarāja (देवराज) (=Indra) is mentioned to showcase the inferiority of Kāma against Dharma and Artha (as part of the Pragmasts’ objection), according to the Vātsyāyana’s Kāmasūtra: a Sanskrit text from the 2nd century dealing with eroticism, sexuality and emotional fulfillment in life belonging to Kāmaśāstra (the ancient Indian science of love-making).—Accordingly, “[Objection]—[...] It is notorious, moreover, that many men who have given themselves up to pleasure alone, have been ruined along with their families and relations. Thus, king Dandakya, of the Bhoja dynasty, carried off a Brahman's daughter with evil intent, and was eventually ruined and lost his kingdom. Indra (devarāja), too, having violated the chastity of Ahalya, was made to suffer for it. In a like manner the mighty Kichaka, who tried to seduce Draupadi, and Ravana, who attempted to gain over Sita, were punished for their crimes. These and many others fell by reason of their pleasures [devarājaścāhalyāmatibalaśca kīcako draupadīṃ rāvaṇaśca sītāmapare cānye ca bahavo dṛśyante kāmavaśagā vinaṣṭā ityarthacintakāḥ]”.
Kamashastra (कामशास्त्र, kāmaśāstra) deals with ancient Indian science of love-making, passion, emotions and other related topics dealing with the pleasures of the senses.
In Buddhism
Theravada (major branch of Buddhism)
1. Devaraja - A general of Parakkamabahu I. He held the office of Kesadhatu and lived in Pancayojana. He won a great victory at Gimhatittha. Cv.lxxv.21.
2. Devaraja - A vihara in Rohana, the residence of Piyadassi, author of the Padasadhana. Devaraja formed part of the Rambha vihara. P.L.C.205.
Theravāda is a major branch of Buddhism having the the Pali canon (tipitaka) as their canonical literature, which includes the vinaya-pitaka (monastic rules), the sutta-pitaka (Buddhist sermons) and the abhidhamma-pitaka (philosophy and psychology).
Mahayana (major branch of Buddhism)
Devarāja (देवराज) (in Chinese: T'ien-wang) is the name of an ancient kingdom associated with Jyeṣṭhā or Jyeṣṭhānakṣatra, as mentioned in chapter 18 of the Candragarbha: the 55th section of the Mahāsaṃnipāta-sūtra, a large compilation of Sūtras (texts) in Mahāyāna Buddhism partly available in Sanskrit, Tibetan and Chinese.—Chapter 18 deals with geographical astrology and, in conversation with Brahmarāja and others, Buddha explains how he entrusts the Nakṣatras [e.g., Jyeṣṭhā] with a group of kingdoms [e.g., Devarāja] for the sake of protection and prosperity.
Mahayana (महायान, mahāyāna) is a major branch of Buddhism focusing on the path of a Bodhisattva (spiritual aspirants/ enlightened beings). Extant literature is vast and primarely composed in the Sanskrit language. There are many sūtras of which some of the earliest are the various Prajñāpāramitā sūtras.
India history and geography
Devarāja (देवराज) is an example of a name based on Indra mentioned in the Gupta inscriptions. The Gupta empire (r. 3rd-century CE), founded by Śrī Gupta, covered much of ancient India and embraced the Dharmic religions such as Hinduism, Buddhism and Jainism. Derivation of personal names (e.g., Devarāja) during the rule of the Guptas followed patterns such as tribes, places, rivers and mountains.
Devarāja (देवराज) is the unclde of Kṛṣṇadeva Tripāṭhin (1822 C.E.): the eldest son of Jayagopāla was an authority on chandas of his period. Kṛṣṇadeva belongs to the Śāṇḍilyagotra. He was patronized by Jānakīnandana, son of Devakīnandana at whose instance he composed Chandaḥprastārasāraṇī. He mentions about his patrons in the colophon of the work and his family. He does not attribute his scholarship to others, but says that the purpose of composing this work was to please the learned scholars and it is his own creation.
The history of India traces the identification of countries, villages, towns and other regions of India, as well as mythology, zoology, royal dynasties, rulers, tribes, local festivities and traditions and regional languages. Ancient India enjoyed religious freedom and encourages the path of Dharma, a concept common to Buddhism, Hinduism, and Jainism.
Languages of India and abroad
Pali-English dictionary
devarāja : (m.) the king of devas.
Devarājā refers to: king of the devas, viz. Sakka Nd1 177; J.III, 392 (=devinda); DhA.III, 441; PvA.62;
Note: devarājā is a Pali compound consisting of the words deva and rājā.
devarāja (ဒေဝရာဇ) [(pu) (ပု)]—
[deva+rāja．．,ṭī．18．nīti,sutta．722.]
[ဒေဝ+ရာဇ။ ဓာတ်။ ဓာန်၊ ဋီ။ ၁၈။ နီတိ၊ သုတ္တ။ ၇၂၂။]
[Pali to Burmese]
devarāja—
(Burmese text): (၁) နတ်တို့၏-ဘုရင်-မင်း၊ နတ်-ဘုရင်-မင်း (သိကြားမင်း)။ (၂) မိုးနတ်မင်း။
(Auto-Translation): (1) The King of the Gods - the Lord - the God (who is known). (2) The God of Rain.
Pali is the language of the Tipiṭaka, which is the sacred canon of Theravāda Buddhism and contains much of the Buddha’s speech. Closeley related to Sanskrit, both languages are used interchangeably between religions.
Sanskrit dictionary
Devarāja (देवराज).—
1) an epithet of Indra; Rām.7.6.6.
2) a king.
3) Name of Buddha.
Derivable forms: devarājaḥ (देवराजः).
Devarāja is a Sanskrit compound consisting of the terms deva and rāja (राज). See also (synonyms): devarāj.
Devarāja (देवराज).—name of a future Buddha, who, it is predicted, will be a future incarnation of Devadatta (2): Saddharmapuṇḍarīka 259.7 ff.
Devarāja (देवराज).—m.
(-jaḥ) Indra. E. deva a deity, rājan a king, and ṭac aff.
Devarāja (देवराज).—m. Indra, [Rāmāyaṇa] 6, 34, 10.
Devarāja is a Sanskrit compound consisting of the terms deva and rāja (राज).
Devarāja (देवराज).—[masculine] a divine ruler, also = [preceding]
1) Devarāja (देवराज) as mentioned in Aufrecht’s Catalogus Catalogorum:—father of Raṅgarāja, grandfather of Varadarāja (Nayavivekadīpaka). Burnell. 84^a.
2) Devarāja (देवराज):—father of Śārṅgadhara (Vaidyavallabha). Oxf. 319^a.
3) Devarāja (देवराज):—Aniruddhacarita campū.
4) Devarāja (देवराज):—Āryāmañjarī kāvya. Sūcīpattra. 7.
5) Devarāja (देवराज):—Nānakacandrodaya kāvya. Ben. 40.
6) Devarāja (देवराज):—Nītimañjarībhāṣya. NW. 16.
7) Devarāja (देवराज):—wrote by request of Cetasiṃha of Benares (1770
—-81): Prāyaścittasaṃgraha. L. 2469.
8) Devarāja (देवराज):—Bimbatattvaprakāśikā, vedānta. Oppert. 708.
9) Devarāja (देवराज):—Muhūrtaparīkṣā jy. B. 4, 176.
10) Devarāja (देवराज):—(printed Deśarāja): Śrāddhāśaucīyadarpaṇa. Rādh. 20.
11) Devarāja (देवराज):—son of Varadācārya: Kuṭṭākāraśiromaṇiṭīkā Muktāvalī jy. Burnell. 76^a.
12) Devarāja (देवराज):—father of Śārṅgadhara (Vaidyavallabha). Oxf. 318^b.
Devarāja has the following synonyms: Vaidyarāja.
13) Devarāja (देवराज):—son of Raghupati, grandson of Gaurīkānta: Aniruddhacaritacampū.
1) Devarāja (देवराज):—[=deva-rāja] [from deva] m. d° ruler, [Taittirīya-brāhmaṇa]
2) [v.s. ...] king of the gods, Name of Indra, [Mahābhārata; Rāmāyaṇa] etc.
3) [v.s. ...] Name of a king, [Mahābhārata]
4) [v.s. ...] of a Ṛṣi, [Varāha-mihira]
5) [v.s. ...] of a Buddha, [Buddhist literature]
6) [v.s. ...] the father of Śārṅgadhara, and sub voce authors, [Catalogue(s)]
Devarāja (देवराज):—[deva-rāja] (jaḥ) 1. m. Indra.
Devarāja (देवराज):—(deva + rāja) m.
1) oxyt. göttlicher Herrscher [Taittirīyabrāhmaṇa 1, 8, 8, 4.] der König der Götter, Beiname Indra's [Trikāṇḍaśeṣa 1, 1, 57.] [Nalopākhyāna 2, 13. 23. 19, 25.] [Indralokāgamana 1, 1.] [Mahābhārata 1, 2704. 13, 94.] [Rāmāyaṇa 1, 34, 46. 48, 19. 49, 7. 3, 63, 11. 6, 34, 10.] [Varāhamihira’s Bṛhajjātaka S. 42 (43), 18.] [Kathāsaritsāgara 17, 13.] [Brahmapurāṇa 56, 11. 58, 16.] rājam hierher oder zu rāj [Arjunasamāgama 2, 4.] [Mahābhārata 1, 8163.] [Rāmāyaṇa 2, 63, 23.] — —
2) Nomen proprium eines Königs [Mahābhārata 2, 337.] eines Ṛṣi: dvaipāyano yavakrīto devarājaḥ sahānujaḥ [Varāhamihira’s Bṛhajjātaka S. 47, 65.] eines Buddha [Lot. de Lassen’s Anthologie b. l. 157.] eines Erklärers des Naighaṇṭuka (der volle Name ist devarājayajvan). — Vgl. daivarājaka, daivarājika .
--- OR ---
Devarāja (देवराज):—
2) Vater Śārṅgadhara’s [Oxforder Handschriften 319,a,15.]
Devarāja (देवराज):—m. —
1) ein göttlicher Herrscher. —
2) Fürst der Götter , Beiname Indra's. —
3) Nomen proprium verschiedener Männer.
Sanskrit, also spelled संस्कृतम् (saṃskṛtam), is an ancient language of India commonly seen as the grandmother of the Indo-European language family (even English!). Closely allied with Prakrit and Pali, Sanskrit is more exhaustive in both grammar and terms and has the most extensive collection of literature in the world, greatly surpassing its sister-languages Greek and Latin.
Kannada-English dictionary
Dēvarāja (ದೇವರಾಜ):—[noun] Indra, the chief of gods.
Kannada is a Dravidian language (as opposed to the Indo-European language family) mainly spoken in the southwestern region of India.
See also (Relevant definitions)
Starts with: Devaraja arya, Devaraja bhatta, Devaraja yajvan, Devarajabhava, Devarajagupta, Devarajalala, Devarajalila, Devarajamahishistotra, Devarajan, Devarajapavesana, Devarajaprabandha, Devarajaprabha, Devarajasamadyuti, Devarajasamipatas.
Full-text (+140): Devaraja yajvan, Rajadeva, Devarajaprabandha, Devarajalila, Gandhabbadevaraja, Vassavalahakadevaraja, Nagadattadevaraja, Devarajabhava, Pajjunnadevaraja, Catusatthidevaraja, Jetthakadevaraja, Mahesakkhadevaraja, Dvattimsadevaraja, Devarajapavesana, Sunirmitahdevaraja, Devarajasamipatas, Devarajalala, Pravaradevaraja, Vashavartidevaraja, Nanakacandrodaya.
Relevant text
Search found 87 books and stories containing Devaraja, Devarāja, Deva-raja, Deva-rāja, Devarājā, Deva-rājā, Dēvarāja, Dēva-rāja; (plurals include: Devarajas, Devarājas, rajas, rājas, Devarājās, rājās, Dēvarājas). You can also click to the full overview containing English textual excerpts. Below are direct links for the most relevant articles:
Notices of Sanskrit Manuscripts (by Rajendralala Mitra)
Kohala in the Sanskrit textual tradition (Study) (by Padma Sugavanam)
Part 4.3 - Bharataśāstram and Kohala < [Chapter 4 - Works attributed to Kohala]
Part 4.2 - Contents of the Bharataśāstra < [Chapter 4 - Works attributed to Kohala]
Ksitigarbha Bodhisattva fundamental vow sutra (by Johnny Yu)
Chapter 4 - The Karmic Retributions to the Sentient Beings' Actions in Jambudvipa
Chapter 11 - Earth Deities Protecting the Dharma
Chapter 2 - The Assembly of Innumerable Emanations of Ksitigarbha Bodhisattva
Taisho: Chinese Buddhist Canon
Chapter 24: The Chapter on the Merchants’ Prophecy < [Part 187 - Lalitavistara (translated by Divakara)]
Chapter 23: The Chapter on Praise < [Part 187 - Lalitavistara (translated by Divakara)]
Sutta 7: Caring for the Sick < [Part 125 - Ekottara-Agama (Numbered Discourses)]
Brahma Archana Paddhati (text and translation) (by Prabhunath Dwivedi)
Chapter 21 - Murtiracana (construction of an idol of Brahma)
Maha Prajnaparamita Sastra (by Gelongma Karma Migme Chödrön)
The Sumedhā-Jātaka < [I. Puṇyakriyāvastu consisting of generosity]
Appendix 3 - Buddha’s sermon to the Trāyastriṃśa gods < [Chapter XLII - The Great Loving-kindness and the Great Compassion of the Buddhas]
IV. The traces of passion are destroyed in the Buddha < [VIII. Destroying the traces of the conflicting emotions]
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