Compassion: 5 definitions
Introduction:
Compassion means something in Buddhism, Pali, Hinduism, Sanskrit, Christianity. If you want to know the exact meaning, history, etymology or English translation of this term then check out the descriptions on this page. Add your comment or reference to a book if you want to contribute to this summary article.
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In Hinduism
Shilpashastra (iconography)
Source: Shodhganga: Elements of Art and Architecture in the Trtiyakhanda of the Visnudharmottarapurana (shilpa)Compassion is associated withe the Pathetic Sentiment (karuṇa), which refers to one of the Nine Sentiments (citrarasa) in ancient Indian Painting (citra), according to the Viṣṇudharmottarapurāṇa, an ancient Sanskrit text which (being encyclopedic in nature) deals with a variety of cultural topics such as arts, architecture, music, grammar and astronomy.—The karuṇarasa i.e., the pathetic sentiment is reflected through a Painting in which a painter creates pathos on the basis of the actions projecting begging, separation, calamity, compassion etc. [...] Thus, painting is a medium of showing the inner feelings and emotions of a painter which can strikes the inherent sentiments of connoisseur’s mind, for example: compassion in the sentiment of pathos.
Shilpashastra (शिल्पशास्त्र, śilpaśāstra) represents the ancient Indian science (shastra) of creative arts (shilpa) such as sculpture, iconography and painting. Closely related to Vastushastra (architecture), they often share the same literature.
Yoga (school of philosophy)
Source: ORA: Amanaska (king of all yogas): A Critical Edition and Annotated Translation by Jason BirchThe Compassion (of a true Guru) is denoted in the Sanskrit language as Karuṇā, according to the Haṭhapradīpikā of Svātmārāma: an influential 15th-century Sanskrit manual on Hatha-Yoga dealing with techniques to channel one’s vital energy.—Accordingly, “Giving up sense objects is difficult to achieve; seeing the highest reality is [also] difficult, and [so too] is attaining the natural state [of Samādhi], without the compassion (karuṇā) of a true Guru”.
Yoga is originally considered a branch of Hindu philosophy (astika), but both ancient and modern Yoga combine the physical, mental and spiritual. Yoga teaches various physical techniques also known as āsanas (postures), used for various purposes (eg., meditation, contemplation, relaxation).
In Buddhism
Tibetan Buddhism (Vajrayana or tantric Buddhism)
Source: 84000: Glossary of Terms(Meditations on) Compassion (in Sanskrit: Karuṇā) refers to one of the “Four Immeasurables”.— In the Abhidharmakośa, Vasubandhu explains that the four immeasurables are called apramāṇa—meaning “infinite” or “limitless”—because they take limitless sentient beings as their object, and they generate limitless merit and results. Compassion (karuṇā) is described as the wish for beings to be free of suffering, and acts as an antidote to harmfulness (vihiṃsā).
Tibetan Buddhism includes schools such as Nyingma, Kadampa, Kagyu and Gelug. Their primary canon of literature is divided in two broad categories: The Kangyur, which consists of Buddha’s words, and the Tengyur, which includes commentaries from various sources. Esotericism and tantra techniques (vajrayāna) are collected indepently.
See also (Relevant definitions)
Starts with: Compassionate.
Full-text (+1158): Karuna, Anukampa, Karunya, Anukrosha, Daya, Anukampana, Ghrina, Bhutadaya, Kripa, Avalokiteshvara, Karpanya, Hantokti, Mahakaruna, Brahmavihara, Saujanya, Hitokti, Bhutanukampa, Nikkaruna, Dayardra, Shukaka.
Relevant text
Search found 416 books and stories containing Compassion, Compassions; (plurals include: Compassions, Compassionses). You can also click to the full overview containing English textual excerpts. Below are direct links for the most relevant articles:
Mahabharata (English) (by Kisari Mohan Ganguli)
Section CLII < [Apaddharmanusasana Parva]
Section CXIV < [Anusasanika Parva]
Section CLXIII < [Apaddharmanusasana Parva]
The Scientific Outlook Of Buddhism (by Wang Chi Biu)
Chapter 5 - The Positive Spirit Of Buddhism
Chapter 3 - The Buddhist Theory Of Equality
Archives of Social Sciences of Religions
The Future of Jews in France by Shmuel Trigano < [Volume 138 (2007)]
Insights from Early Quanzhen Taoist Masters: Teachings and Practices < [Volume 138 (2007)]
Francois Boespflug, Dieu dans l’Art à la fin du Moyen Âge < [Volume 168 (2014)]
India’s Social Culture: Its Use and Abuse < [April – June, 1988]
Let the Stream of Compassion flow < [July – September 1975]
Humanitarian Compassion of Mulk Raj Anand < [April – June, 2008]
12th Imperishable, Compassion.
1st Imperishable, Generating the Thought of Awakening
35th Imperishable, Presence of Recollection Concerned with Feelings.
Cetasikas (by Nina van Gorkom)
Chapter 33 - Compassion And Sympathetic Joy < [Part IV - Beautiful Cetasikas]
Appendix 8 - Appendix To Chapter 31 < [Appendix And Glossary]
Chapter 30 - Equanimity < [Part IV - Beautiful Cetasikas]
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