Cit, Ciṭ: 22 definitions

Introduction:

Cit means something in Hinduism, Sanskrit, Jainism, Prakrit, Buddhism, Pali, Marathi, Hindi. If you want to know the exact meaning, history, etymology or English translation of this term then check out the descriptions on this page. Add your comment or reference to a book if you want to contribute to this summary article.

Alternative spellings of this word include Chit.

In Hinduism

Vyakarana (Sanskrit grammar)

Source: Wikisource: A dictionary of Sanskrit grammar

Cit (चित्).—Affixes or substitutes or bases marked with the mute letter च् (c) signifying the acute accent for the last vowel; e. g. अथुच्, धुरच्, कुण्डिनच् (athuc, dhurac, kuṇḍinac) etc. cf P. VI. 1. 163, 164.

Vyakarana book cover
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Vyakarana (व्याकरण, vyākaraṇa) refers to Sanskrit grammar and represents one of the six additional sciences (vedanga) to be studied along with the Vedas. Vyakarana concerns itself with the rules of Sanskrit grammar and linguistic analysis in order to establish the correct context of words and sentences.

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Vaishnavism (Vaishava dharma)

Source: Pure Bhakti: Bhagavad-gita (4th edition)

Cit (चित्) refers to “(1) Spirit (2) Consciousness (3) Pure thought”. (cf. Glossary page from Śrīmad-Bhagavad-Gītā).

Source: Pure Bhakti: Brhad Bhagavatamrtam

Cit (चित्) refers to:—Spiritual consciousness; pure cognition; knowledge potency; spirit. (cf. Glossary page from Śrī Bṛhad-bhāgavatāmṛta).

Vaishnavism book cover
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Vaishnava (वैष्णव, vaiṣṇava) or vaishnavism (vaiṣṇavism) represents a tradition of Hinduism worshipping Vishnu as the supreme Lord. Similar to the Shaktism and Shaivism traditions, Vaishnavism also developed as an individual movement, famous for its exposition of the dashavatara (‘ten avatars of Vishnu’).

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Vedanta (school of philosophy)

Source: Google Books: Aṣṭāvakragītā: The Classical Text of Ātmādvaita by Aṣṭāvakra

Cit (चित्) or Bodhamātra refers to “pure, all-encompassing luminousness”, according to the Aṣṭāvakragītā chapter 2.—Man’s ignorance and attachment foster the sense of duality, the source of all misery and bondage (cf. II, 16, 8. 20). Its nature is pure, all-encompassing luminousness (cit or bodhamātra). The self is all that exists. When the universe manifests itself, verily it is the Self which shines (cf. II, 8), In the infinite ocean, the formless and tranquil Self, the wind of the finite mind generates the playful waves of manifold forms—the phenomena of the universe and empirical selves (jīvas). These all return to the ocean of the Self and vanish as illusion is overcome (cf. II, 4, 23-25). The Self is simply marvellous (cf. II, 11-14, 25).

Vedanta book cover
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Vedanta (वेदान्त, vedānta) refers to a school of orthodox Hindu philosophy (astika), drawing its subject-matter from the Upanishads. There are a number of sub-schools of Vedanta, however all of them expound on the basic teaching of the ultimate reality (brahman) and liberation (moksha) of the individual soul (atman).

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Shaivism (Shaiva philosophy)

Source: Brill: Śaivism and the Tantric Traditions

Cit (चित्) or Saṃvit refers to the “transindividual Power of Awareness”, and represents of the fifth division of the Self, according to Kṣemarāja’s Pratyabhijñāhṛdaya (chapter 7-8).—Accordingly, the self is said to be four-fold: void, life-force, the subtle body consisting of the mind and its faculties, and the physical body. It is five-fold with the transindividual Power of Awareness (cit, saṃvit) that permeates the whole. In fact, it is not only cit that permeates the other levels: Kṣemarāja tells us that “it is clear that the very essence of each of these levels is the fact of its pervasion by all the loci of perception prior to it,” where “loci of perception” refers to these levels of embodiment as those realities with which contracted souls identify, and “prior to” means “more fundamental than

Shaivism book cover
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Shaiva (शैव, śaiva) or Shaivism (śaivism) represents a tradition of Hinduism worshiping Shiva as the supreme being. Closely related to Shaktism, Shaiva literature includes a range of scriptures, including Tantras, while the root of this tradition may be traced back to the ancient Vedas.

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Shaiva philosophy

Source: archive.org: Chittanubodha Shastram By Bhaskara Kantha

Cit (चित्) is a synonym for “consciousness”.—The Kashmir Śaiva thinkers believe in pluralism because not all human beings are alike and the different paths and Philosophies are meant for different kinds of people. [...] The central conception of the system is that the Supreme Reality, Śiva, is not only Consciousness (prakāśa, saṃvit, cit, etc.) but also Self-reflection (vimarśa). Unlike the Brahman of Advaita Vedānta which is not conscious of itself and inactive, the Supreme Reality here embraces in itself the static and the dynamic, knowledge and action.

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In Jainism

General definition (in Jainism)

Source: The University of Sydney: A study of the Twelve Reflections

Cit (चित्) refers to “consciousness”, according to the 11th century Jñānārṇava, a treatise on Jain Yoga in roughly 2200 Sanskrit verses composed by Śubhacandra.—Accordingly, “This self is, by nature, different from the body, etc., consisting of consciousness and bliss (cit-ānanda-maya), pure and united with mundane bondage. In reality, there is no unity of the forms of matter and consciousness with regard to mundane bondage and the connection of these two is without a beginning like gold and a flaw in gold”.

General definition book cover
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Jainism is an Indian religion of Dharma whose doctrine revolves around harmlessness (ahimsa) towards every living being. The two major branches (Digambara and Svetambara) of Jainism stimulate self-control (or, shramana, ‘self-reliance’) and spiritual development through a path of peace for the soul to progess to the ultimate goal.

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Languages of India and abroad

Pali-English dictionary

Source: Sutta: The Pali Text Society's Pali-English Dictionary

Ciṭ, i-ciṭi (redupl. interj.) fizz DA.I, 137. (Page 265)

Pali book cover
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Pali is the language of the Tipiṭaka, which is the sacred canon of Theravāda Buddhism and contains much of the Buddha’s speech. Closeley related to Sanskrit, both languages are used interchangeably between religions.

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Marathi-English dictionary

Source: DDSA: The Molesworth Marathi and English Dictionary

cit (चित्).—f S Intellect, understanding, mind. Used of the Deity considered as pure Knowledge or Wisdom.

Source: DDSA: The Aryabhusan school dictionary, Marathi-English

cit (चित्).—f Intellect, understanding.

context information

Marathi is an Indo-European language having over 70 million native speakers people in (predominantly) Maharashtra India. Marathi, like many other Indo-Aryan languages, evolved from early forms of Prakrit, which itself is a subset of Sanskrit, one of the most ancient languages of the world.

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Sanskrit dictionary

Source: DDSA: The practical Sanskrit-English dictionary

Ciṭ (चिट्).—1 P., 1 U. (ceṭati, ceṭayati-te) To send forth or out (as a servant.)

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Cit (चित्).—1 P., 1 Ā. (cetati, cetayate, cetita)

1) To perceive, see, notice, observe; नेषूनचेतन्नस्यन्तम् (neṣūnacetannasyantam) Bhaṭṭikāvya 17.16; चिचेत सामस्तत्कृच्छ्रम् (ciceta sāmastatkṛcchram) 14.62;15.38;2.29.

2) To know, understand, be aware or conscious of; परैरध्यारुह्य- माणमात्मनं न चेतयते (parairadhyāruhya- māṇamātmanaṃ na cetayate) Daśakumāracarita 154; कादम्बरीरसभरेण समस्त एव मत्तो न किंचिदपि चेतयते जनोऽयम् (kādambarīrasabhareṇa samasta eva matto na kiṃcidapi cetayate jano'yam) K.24.

3) To regain consciousness.

4) To aim at, intend, design (with dat.).

5) To desire or long for.

6) To be anxious about, care for, be intent upon, be engaged in.

7) To resolve upon.

8) To appear, shine.

9) To be regarded as.

1) To make attentive, remind of.

11) To teach, instruct.

12) To form an idea, be conscious of, understand, comprehend think, reflect upon.

13) To be awake; जगत्येकः स चेतति (jagatyekaḥ sa cetati) L. D. B.

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Cit (चित्).—f. [cit-saṃpadā° bhāve kvip]

1) Thought, preception.

2) Intelligence, intellect, understanding; Bhartṛhari 2.1;3.1.

3) The heart, mind; मुक्ताफलैश्चिदुल्लासैः (muktāphalaiścidullāsaiḥ) Bhāgavata 9.11.33.

4) The soul, spirit, the animating principle of life.

5) Brahman.

Source: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Shabda-Sagara Sanskrit-English Dictionary

Ciṭ (चिट्).—[ciṭa] r. 1st and 10th cls. (ceṭati ceṭayati-te) 1. To be another’s messenger or servant. 2. To order as a servant bhvā-para-saka-curā-ubha vā seṭ .

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Cit (चित्).—[(ī) citī] r. 1st cl. (cetati) cita r. 10th cl. (cetayati-te) also (i) citi r. 10th cl. (cintayati) To think or reflect on, to be sensible or rational, to weigh, to remember, to consider, &c. bhvā-para-saka-seṭ . cu-ātma-sakaseṭ . smṛtau cu-ubha-saka-seṭ .

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Cit (चित्).—f. (-cit) Intellect, understanding. ind. A particle and affix to words giving them an indefinite signification, as kaścit some one, kasyacit of some one, &c. see cana. E. cit to remember, affix bhāve kvip

Source: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Benfey Sanskrit-English Dictionary

Ciṭ (चिट्).—i. 1, [Parasmaipada.] To send off.

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Cit (चित्).— (akin to 2. ci), i. 1. [Parasmaipada.] To perceive. Chr. 295, 12 = [Rigveda.] i. 92, 12.

— [Causal.] and i. 10, Atm. cetaya, 1. To perceive, Mahābhārata 12, 9890 ([Ātmanepada.]). 2. To get consciousness, Mahābhārata 1, 3616 ([Ātmanepada.]). 3. To think, Mahābhārata 18, 74 ([Parasmaipada.]); [Bhāgavata-Purāṇa, (ed. Burnouf.)] 1, 8, 9 ([Ātmanepada.]). 4. To cause to think, [Bhāgavata-Purāṇa, (ed. Burnouf.)] 8, 1, 9 ([Ātmanepada.]). 5. To know, Mahābhārata 3, 14877 ([Parasmaipada.]). Anomalous ptcple. of the pres. [Ātmanepada.] cetayāna, Sensible, [Rāmāyaṇa] 2, 109, 7.

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Cit (चित्).—f. Soul (as distinguished from citta), [Vedāntasāra, (in my Chrestomathy.)] in Chr. 215, 6; Sānkhya Aph. 1, 146.

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Cit (चित्).—see cid.

Source: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Cappeller Sanskrit-English Dictionary

Cit (चित्).—1. cetati cetate [participle] citta (q.v.) perceive, observe, attend to ([genetive] or [accusative]), aim at, intend ([dative]), strive after, desire ([accusative]), take care of ([accusative]); conceive, understand, know; [intransitive] appear, be conspicuous or known. [Causative] cetayati, te & citayati make attentive, remind, instruct, teach; notice, put to mind, attend to; [Middle] (A.) be conscious or sensible, think, reflect, conceive, understand, remember; appear, be conspicuous, shine. [Desiderative] cikitsati (te) intend, aim at, care for; treat medically, heal. [Intensive] cekite appear, shine.

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Cit (चित्).—2. [feminine] thought, mind, intelligence.

Source: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Monier-Williams Sanskrit-English Dictionary

1) Cit (चित्):—[from ci] 1. cit mfn. ifc. ‘piling up’ See agni-, ūrdhva-, and pūrva-cit

2) [v.s. ...] ([Pāṇini 3-2, 92]) forming a layer or stratum, piled up, [Vājasaneyi-saṃhitā i, xii; Taittirīya-saṃhitā i] (cf. kaṅka-, karma-, cakṣuś-, droṇa-, prāṇa-, manaś-, rathacakra-, vāk-, śyena-, and śrotra-cit.)

3) [from ci] 2. cit mfn. ifc. ‘knowing’ See ṛta-cit

4) [v.s. ...] ‘giving heed to’ or ‘revenging [guilt, ṛṇa-]’ See ṛṇa-.

5) [from ci] 3. cit mfn. ifc. ‘id.’ See 2. cit.

6) Ciṭ (चिट्):—(derived from ceṭa) [class] 1. [Parasmaipada] ceṭati, to send out, [Dhātupāṭha ix, 28.]

7) Cit (चित्):—a 1. 2. 3 cit. See √1. 2. 3. ci.

8) 4. cit [class] 1. cetati ([imperfect tense] acetat, [Ṛg-veda vii, 95, 2]; p. cetat, [Ṛg-veda]) [class] 2. ([Ātmanepada] [Passive voice] 3. sg. cite, [x, 143, 4]; p. f. [instrumental case] citantyā, [i, 129, 7]; [Ātmanepada] citāna, [ix, 101, 11; Vājasaneyi-saṃhitā x, 1]) [class] 3. irreg. ciketati ([Ṛg-veda]; [subjunctive] ciketat, [Ṛg-veda]; [imperative] 2. sg. cikiddhi, [Ṛg-veda]; p. cikitāna, [Ṛg-veda]; perf. ciketa, [Ṛg-veda] etc.; ciceta, [Vopadeva viii, 37]; 3. [dual number] cetatur, [Atharva-veda iii, 22, 2]; [Ātmanepada] and [Passive voice] cikite, [Ṛg-veda] etc.; 3. [plural] tre, [Ṛg-veda]; for p. cikitvas See sub voce; [Ātmanepada] [Passive voice] cicite, [Bhaṭṭi-kāvya ii, 29]; [Aorist] acetīt, [Vopadeva viii, 35]; [Ātmanepada] [Passive voice] aceti and ceti, [Ṛg-veda]; for acait See √2. ci; [future] 1st cettā, [i, 22, 5])

—to perceive, fix the mind upon, attend to, be attentive, observe, take notice of ([accusative] or [genitive case]), [Ṛg-veda; Sāma-veda; Atharva-veda; Bhaṭṭi-kāvya];

—to aim at, intend, design (with [dative case]), [Ṛg-veda i, 131, 6; x, 38, 3];

—to be anxious about, care for ([accusative] or [genitive case]), [i, ix f.];

—to resolve, [iii, 53, 24; x, 55, 6];

—to understand, comprehend, know (perf. often in the sense of pr.), [Ṛg-veda; Atharva-veda vii, 2, 1 and 5, 5];

— [Ātmanepada] [Parasmaipada] to become perceptible, appear, be regarded as, be known, [Ṛg-veda; Vājasaneyi-saṃhitā x, xv] :—[Causal] cetayati, te (2. [plural] cetayadhvam [subjunctive] cetayat [imperative] 2. [dual number] cetayethām [imperfect tense] acetayat, [Ṛg-veda]; 3. [plural] citayante, [Ṛg-veda]; p. citayat, [Ṛg-veda] (eleven times); cetayat, [x, 110, 8, etc.]; [Ātmanepada] cetayāna See sub voce)

—to cause to attend, make attentive, remind of [i, 131, 2 and iv, 51, 3];

—to cause to comprehend, instruct, teach, [Ṛg-veda];

—to observe, perceive, be intent upon, [Ṛg-veda; Mahābhārata xii, 9890; Kathāsaritsāgara xiii, 10];

— [Ātmanepada] (once [Parasmaipada] [Mahābhārata xviii, 74]) to form an idea in the mind, be conscious of, understand, comprehend, think, reflect upon, [Taittirīya-saṃhitā vi; Śatapatha-brāhmaṇa; Chāndogya-upaniṣad vii, 5, 1; Mahābhārata; Bhāgavata-purāṇa viii, 1, 9; Prabodha-candrodaya];

— [Parasmaipada] to have a right notion of. know, [Mahābhārata iii, 14877];—[Parasmaipada] ‘to recover consciousness’, awake, [Bhaṭṭi-kāvya viii, 123];

— [Ātmanepada] to remember, have consciousness of ([accusative]), [Pāṇini 3-2, 112; Kāśikā-vṛtti; Bādarāyaṇa’s Brahma-sūtra ii, 3, 18 [Scholiast or Commentator]];

—to appear, be conspicuous, shine, [Ṛg-veda; Taittirīya-saṃhitā iii] :—[Desiderative] cikitsati ([from] √kit, [Pāṇini 3-1, 5; Dhātupāṭha xxiii, 24]; exceptionally [Ātmanepada] [Mahābhārata xii, 12544]; [imperative] tsatu [subjunctive] tsāt [Aorist] 2. sg. acikitsīs, [Atharva-veda]; [Passive voice] p. cikitsyamāna, [Suśruta; Pañcatantra])

—to have in view, aim at, be desirous, [Atharva-veda v, 11, 1; ix, 2, 3];

—to care for, be anxious about, [vi, x];—([Pāṇini 3-1, 5; Siddhānta-kaumudī])

—to treat medically, cure, [Kātyāyana-śrauta-sūtra xxv; Mahābhārata i, xii; Suśruta; Pañcatantra; Bhartṛhari];

—to wish to appear, [Ṛg-veda i, 123, 1]:

—[Causal] of [Desiderative] ([future] cikitsayiṣyati) to cure, [Mālavikāgnimitra iv, 4/5, 6 f.] :—[Intensive] cekite ([from] √2. ci?, or for tte, [Ṛg-veda i, 53, 3 and 119, 3; ii, 34, 10]; p. cekitat, [ix, 111, 3]; [Ātmanepada] cekitāna, [Ṛg-veda] eight times)

—to appear, be conspicuous, shine, [Ṛg-veda]

9) 5. cit mfn. ifc. ‘thinking’ See a-, duś-, manaś-, vipaś-, and huraś-cit

10) cf. also apa-cit

11) f. thought, intellect, spirit, soul, [Vājasaneyi-saṃhitā iv, 19; Kapila’s Sāṃkhya-pravacana; Bhartṛhari; Bhāgavata-purāṇa]

12) cf. saand ā cit

13) pure Thought (Brahma cf. [Religious Thought and Life in India] p.34), [Vedāntasāra; Prabodha-candrodaya]

14) 6. cit ind. only in [compound]

15) Cīt (चीत्):—ind. (cf. 6. cit) only in [compound]

Source: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Yates Sanskrit-English Dictionary

1) Ciṭ (चिट्):—ceṭati ceṭayati 1. 10. a. To act or order as a servant.

2) Cit (चित्):—(ī) cetati (ka, ña) cetayati te 10. c. To think. (ka, i) cintayati.

3) (t) 5. f. Intellect. A particle, as kaścit some one.

Source: DDSA: Paia-sadda-mahannavo; a comprehensive Prakrit Hindi dictionary (S)

Cit (चित्) in the Sanskrit language is related to the Prakrit word: Cea.

[Sanskrit to German]

Cit in German

context information

Sanskrit, also spelled संस्कृतम् (saṃskṛtam), is an ancient language of India commonly seen as the grandmother of the Indo-European language family (even English!). Closely allied with Prakrit and Pali, Sanskrit is more exhaustive in both grammar and terms and has the most extensive collection of literature in the world, greatly surpassing its sister-languages Greek and Latin.

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Hindi dictionary

Source: DDSA: A practical Hindi-English dictionary

Cit (चित्):—(nm) consciousness; (a) conscious.

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Kannada-English dictionary

Source: Alar: Kannada-English corpus

Ciṭ (ಚಿಟ್):—

1) [noun] a sharp or monotonous sound.

2) [noun] an imitation of this.

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Kannada is a Dravidian language (as opposed to the Indo-European language family) mainly spoken in the southwestern region of India.

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Nepali dictionary

Source: unoes: Nepali-English Dictionary

Cit (चित्):—n. 1. thought; perception; intelligence; intellect; understanding; 2. the heart; mind; 3. the pure consciousness equated with moksha when the egoistic self is lost; 4. Mythol. Brahman;

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Nepali is the primary language of the Nepalese people counting almost 20 million native speakers. The country of Nepal is situated in the Himalaya mountain range to the north of India.

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