Chola; 1 Definition(s)

Introduction

Chola means something in the history of ancient India. If you want to know the exact meaning, history, etymology or English translation of this term then check out the descriptions on this page. Add your comment or reference to a book if you want to contribute to this summary article.

Ambiguity: Although Chola has separate glossary definitions below, it also represents an alternative spelling of the Sanskrit word Cola.

India history and geogprahy

Chola Dynasty (300 BCE–1279 CE):—The last important phase of art in South India is a mingling of late Chalukya and late Chola art under the Vijayanagara monarchs. A great builder of Chola art and architecture was Kulottunga III (AD 1178-1218). He built the Kampaharesvara Temple at Tribhuvanam and also at Kanchi, Madurai, Chidambaram, Tiruvidaimarudur and Darasuram. Due to the enthusiasm of the Chola kings, Saivism swept over the whole of South India and reached beyond the seas. Thousands of temples were built, giving full rein to the architects and image-makers. This passion was paralleled by a desire to improve the images.

A boom in bronze images marked the Chola period (AD 850-1200). In each temple, though the liṅga remained the central fixed image of worship, there were many movable pieces to be taken out in spectacular processions to stimulate the imagination of the people and help to spread and consolidate the dominant religion. Stone images were not suitable for this purpose and metal ones had to be cast in large numbers. These movable figures were smaller and were mounted on a base, which had either circular holes to thread the poles through, or were provided with lashing rings to secure the image to a litter to be carried in procession.

context information

The history of India traces the identification of countries, villages, towns and other regions of India, as well as royal dynasties, rulers, tribes, local festivities and traditions and regional languages. Ancient India enjoyed religious freedom and encourages the path of Dharma, a concept common to Buddhism, Hinduism, and Jainism.

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