Chan, Chaṅ, Chaṇ, Chǎn, Chán, Chàn, Chān: 72 definitions
Introduction:
Chan means something in Buddhism, Pali, Hinduism, Sanskrit, the history of ancient India, biology. If you want to know the exact meaning, history, etymology or English translation of this term then check out the descriptions on this page. Add your comment or reference to a book if you want to contribute to this summary article.
Alternative spellings of this word include Chan.
Ambiguity: Although Chan has separate glossary definitions below, it also represents an alternative spelling of the word Can. It further has the optional forms Chaṅ, Chhaṇ, Chaṇ and Chhan.
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In Hinduism
Vyakarana (Sanskrit grammar)
Chaṇ (छण्).—tad. affix ईय (īya) causing the vrddhi substitute for the first vowel of the word to which it is added. छण् (chaṇ) is added (1) to the words पितृत्वसृ (pitṛtvasṛ) and मातृप्वसृ (mātṛpvasṛ) in the sense of अपत्य (apatya); cf. P IV. 1.132, 134; (2) to the words कृशाश्व,अरिष्ट (kṛśāśva, ariṣṭa) and others as a चातुरर्थिक (cāturarthika) affix: cf. P. IV. 2.80; (3) to the words तित्तिरि, वरतन्तु, खण्डिक (tittiri, varatantu, khaṇḍika) and उख (ukha) in the sense of 'instructed by', cf. P.IV.3.102; and (4) to the word शलातुर (śalātura) in the sense of 'being a national of' or 'having as a domicile.' e. g. शालातुरीयः (śālāturīyaḥ) cf. P. IV. 3.94,
Vyakarana (व्याकरण, vyākaraṇa) refers to Sanskrit grammar and represents one of the six additional sciences (vedanga) to be studied along with the Vedas. Vyakarana concerns itself with the rules of Sanskrit grammar and linguistic analysis in order to establish the correct context of words and sentences.
In Buddhism
Chinese Buddhism
1) 諂 [chan]—To flatter, fawn, cajole, sycophancy.
2) 禪 [chan]—To level a place for an altar, to sacrifice to the hills and fountains; to abdicate. Adopted by Buddhists for dhyāna, 禪 [chan] or 禪那 [chan na], i.e. meditation, abstraction, trance. dhyāna is 'meditation, thought, reflection, especially profound and abstract religious contemplation'. M.W. It was intp. as 'getting rid of evil', etc., later as 靜慮 [jing lu] quiet meditation. It is a form of 定 [ding], but that word is more closely allied with samādhi, cf. 禪定 [chan ding]. The term also connotes Buddhism and Buddhist things in general, but has special application to the 禪宗 [chan zong] q.v. It is one of the six pāramitās, cf. 波 [bo]. There are numerous methods and subjects of meditation. The eighteen brahmalokas are divided into four dhyāna regions 'corresponding to certain frames of mind where individuals might be reborn in strict accordance with their spiritual state'. The first three are the first dhyāna, the second three the second dhyāna, the third three the third dhyāna, and the remaining nine the fourth dhyāna. See Eitel. According to Childers' Pali Dictionary, 'The four jhānas are four stages of mystic meditation, whereby the believer's mind is purged from all earthly emotions, and detached as it were from his body, which remains plunged in a profound trance.' Seated cross-legged, the practiser 'concentrates his mind upon a single thought. Gradually his soul becomes filled with a supernatural ecstasy and serenity', his mind still reasoning: this is the first jhāna. Concentrating his mind on the same subject, he frees it from reasoning, the ecstasy and serenity remaining, which is the second jhāna. Then he divests himself of ecstasy, reaching the third stage of serenity. Lastly, in the fourth stage the mind becomes indifferent to all emotions, being exalted above them and purified. There are differences in the Mahāyāna methods, but similarity of aim.
3) 懺 [chan]—kṣamayati, "to ask pardon"; to seek forgiveness, patience or indulgence, kṣamā meaning patience, forbearance, tr. as 悔過 [hui guo] repentance, or regret or error; also as confession. It especially refers to the regular confessional service for monks and for nuns.
4) 闡 [chan]—To open, spread, enlarge, expand, expound; translit. chan.
5) 纏 [chan]—To bind with cords; bonds; another name for 煩惱 [fan nao] the passions and delusions, etc.
6) 羼 [chan]—Crowding sheep, confusion; translit. kṣan, ṣan.
[The following represents an unverified English translation. For all purposes consult the original Chinese text.]
懺 [chan]—"Chàn"—[Term] An abbreviation of the Sanskrit word Kṣamayati (摩 [mo]). It means repentance (悔過 [hui guo]). "Chaxiangshi Congchao" (茶香室叢鈔 [cha xiang shi cong chao]) Vol. 13 states: "Nanbu Xinshu" (南部新書 [nan bu xin shu]) by Qian Yi (錢易 [qian yi]) of the Song (宋 [song]) dynasty says: The origin of "chàn" traces back to Prince Jingling (竟陵王 [jing ling wang]) of Southern Qi (南齊 [nan qi]). One night, he dreamt he went to the Pure Light King Buddha (東方普光王如來 [dong fang pu guang wang ru lai]) in the East and listened to him preach (說法 [shuo fa]). Afterwards, he recounted words of repentance (悔 [hui]). After waking, he immediately met with Liang Wu (梁武 [liang wu]), Wang Rong (王融 [wang rong]), Xie Tiao (謝眺 [xie tiao]), and Shen Yue (沈約 [chen yue]), and together they discussed the matter. Because of this, the Prince then compiled "Jingling Ji" (竟陵集 [jing ling ji]) into twenty chapters, with one chapter dedicated to repentance (悔 [hui]). Later, when Emperor Wu of Liang (梁武 [liang wu]) ascended the throne, he contemplated repenting the transgressions of the six senses (六根罪業 [liu gen zui ye]). He then summoned Dharma Master Zhenguan (真觀法師 [zhen guan fa shi]) Huishi (慧式 [hui shi]) to extensively elaborate on the repentance (悔 [hui]) chapter. It was not, as often believed, composed for Empress Xi (郗后 [xi hou]). However, the current "Jingling Wang Ji" (竟陵王集 [jing ling wang ji]) contains "Jingzhuzi" (淨住子 [jing zhu zi]) in thirty-one chapters. The third chapter, "Chapter on Purifying the Three Karmas" (滌除三業門 [di chu san ye men]), states: "The essential way to eliminate suffering is none other than repentance (悔 [hui]). The method of repentance (悔 [hui]) first requires purifying one's mind (潔其心 [jie qi xin]), cleansing one's thoughts (淨其意 [jing qi yi]), straightening one's posture (端其形 [duan qi xing]), tidying one's appearance (整其貌 [zheng qi mao]), revering one's body (恭其身 [gong qi shen]), and solemnizing one's demeanor (肅其容 [su qi rong]), and so on." Could this be the so-called "Chapter on Repentance" (悔篇 [hui pian])?
懺—【術語】梵語懺摩 Kṣamayati 之略。悔過之義。茶香室叢鈔十三曰：宋錢易南部新書云：懺之始，本自南齊竟陵王，因夜夢往東方普光王如來所，聽彼如來說法。後因述懺悔之言。覺後，即賓席梁武王融謝眺沈約共言其事，王因茲乃述成竟陵集二十篇，懺悔一篇。後梁武得位，思懺六根罪業，即將懺悔一篇。召真觀法師慧式，廣演其文，非是為郗后所作。按今竟陵王集有淨住子三十一篇，內第三篇，為滌除三業門。其文云：滅苦之要，莫過懺悔。懺悔之法，先當潔其心，淨其意，端其形，整其貌，恭其身，肅其容云云。豈即所謂懺悔篇乎？
[shù yǔ] fàn yǔ chàn mó Kṣamayati zhī lüè. huǐ guò zhī yì. chá xiāng shì cóng chāo shí sān yuē: sòng qián yì nán bù xīn shū yún: chàn zhī shǐ, běn zì nán qí jìng líng wáng, yīn yè mèng wǎng dōng fāng pǔ guāng wáng rú lái suǒ, tīng bǐ rú lái shuō fǎ. hòu yīn shù chàn huǐ zhī yán. jué hòu, jí bīn xí liáng wǔ wáng róng xiè tiào chén yuē gòng yán qí shì, wáng yīn zī nǎi shù chéng jìng líng jí èr shí piān, chàn huǐ yī piān. hòu liáng wǔ dé wèi, sī chàn liù gēn zuì yè, jí jiāng chàn huǐ yī piān. zhào zhēn guān fǎ shī huì shì, guǎng yǎn qí wén, fēi shì wèi xī hòu suǒ zuò. àn jīn jìng líng wáng jí yǒu jìng zhù zi sān shí yī piān, nèi dì sān piān, wèi dí chú sān yè mén. qí wén yún: miè kǔ zhī yào, mò guò chàn huǐ. chàn huǐ zhī fǎ, xiān dāng jié qí xīn, jìng qí yì, duān qí xíng, zhěng qí mào, gōng qí shēn, sù qí róng yún yún. qǐ jí suǒ wèi chàn huǐ piān hū？
[shu yu] fan yu chan mo Ksamayati zhi lue. hui guo zhi yi. cha xiang shi cong chao shi san yue: song qian yi nan bu xin shu yun: chan zhi shi, ben zi nan qi jing ling wang, yin ye meng wang dong fang pu guang wang ru lai suo, ting bi ru lai shuo fa. hou yin shu chan hui zhi yan. jue hou, ji bin xi liang wu wang rong xie tiao chen yue gong yan qi shi, wang yin zi nai shu cheng jing ling ji er shi pian, chan hui yi pian. hou liang wu de wei, si chan liu gen zui ye, ji jiang chan hui yi pian. zhao zhen guan fa shi hui shi, guang yan qi wen, fei shi wei xi hou suo zuo. an jin jing ling wang ji you jing zhu zi san shi yi pian, nei di san pian, wei di chu san ye men. qi wen yun: mie ku zhi yao, mo guo chan hui. chan hui zhi fa, xian dang jie qi xin, jing qi yi, duan qi xing, zheng qi mao, gong qi shen, su qi rong yun yun. qi ji suo wei chan hui pian hu?
[The following represents an unverified English translation. For all purposes consult the original Chinese text.]
纏 [chan]—(chán) — [Terminology] Another name for 煩惱 [fan nao] (fánnǎo) (affliction/klesha). This is because afflictions can cause a person's mind and body to be 不自在 [bu zi zai] (bù zìzài) (uneasy/constrained). The 大乘義章 [da cheng yi zhang] (Dàshèng Yìzhāng) (Great Vehicle Meaning Chapter), Volume 5, states: "That which can bind 行人 [xing ren] (xíngrén) (practitioners) is called 'chan'. That which can bind the mind is also called 'chan'."
纏—【術語】煩惱之異名。以煩惱能使人之心身不自在故也。大乘義章五本曰：「能纏行人，目之為纏。又能纏心，亦名為纏。」
[shù yǔ] fán nǎo zhī yì míng. yǐ fán nǎo néng shǐ rén zhī xīn shēn bù zì zài gù yě. dà chéng yì zhāng wǔ běn yuē: “néng chán xíng rén, mù zhī wèi chán. yòu néng chán xīn, yì míng wèi chán.”
[shu yu] fan nao zhi yi ming. yi fan nao neng shi ren zhi xin shen bu zi zai gu ye. da cheng yi zhang wu ben yue: "neng chan xing ren, mu zhi wei chan. you neng chan xin, yi ming wei chan."
[The following represents an unverified English translation. For all purposes consult the original Chinese text.]
諂 [chan]—Flattery — [Term] One of the minor defilements of the ground (小煩惱地法 [xiao fan nao de fa]). One of the twenty secondary defilements (隨煩惱 [sui fan nao]). It is the name of a mental factor (心所 [xin suo]). It describes a mental function where one, while secretly harboring intentions, outwardly feigns affection or intimacy towards others.
諂—【術語】小煩惱地法之一。二十隨煩惱之一。心所之名目。向他人，秘內心，表面裝作親愛之精神作用也。
[shù yǔ] xiǎo fán nǎo de fǎ zhī yī. èr shí suí fán nǎo zhī yī. xīn suǒ zhī míng mù. xiàng tā rén, mì nèi xīn, biǎo miàn zhuāng zuò qīn ài zhī jīng shén zuò yòng yě.
[shu yu] xiao fan nao de fa zhi yi. er shi sui fan nao zhi yi. xin suo zhi ming mu. xiang ta ren, mi nei xin, biao mian zhuang zuo qin ai zhi jing shen zuo yong ye.
[The following represents an unverified English translation. For all purposes consult the original Chinese text.]
禪 [chan]—Chán — [Term] An abbreviation of Dhyāna (那 [na]). It is translated as "abandoning evil" (棄惡 [qi e]), "forest of merits" (功德叢林 [gong de cong lin]), "cultivation through contemplation" (思惟修 [si wei xiu]), etc. The new translation is "still contemplation" (靜慮 [jing lu]). It belongs to the mind-ground concentration method (心地定法 [xin de ding fa]) of the Form Realm (色界 [se jie]). If it is attained by people in the Desire Realm (欲界 [yu jie]), it is called "acquired through practice" (修得 [xiu de]). If it arises from being born in the Form Realm, it is called "acquired through birth" (生得 [sheng de]). When it is acquired through contemplation and cultivation, it is named "cultivation through contemplation" (思惟修 [si wei xiu]). The essence of the mind that achieves it is tranquility (寂靜 [ji jing]), possessing the function of truly contemplating and knowing its object. Therefore, it is called "still contemplation" (靜慮 [jing lu]). The names "abandoning evil" (棄惡 [qi e]) and "forest of merits" (功德叢林 [gong de cong lin]) are given based on the function of its results. It is also a method of mental concentration (定心 [ding xin]), and thus sometimes translated as "concentration" (定 [ding]), but the Sanskrit names for "concentration" (定 [ding]) are Samādhi (三昧 [san mei]) or Samāpatti (三摩地 [san mo de]), which are generally associated with "one-pointedness of mind" (心一境性 [xin yi jing xing]).
Furthermore, the Chán of Zen Buddhism (宗 [zong]), although its name draws upon the meaning of contemplation and still contemplation (思惟靜慮 [si wei jing lu]), its essence is the wondrous mind of Nirvāṇa (涅槃 [nie pan]), not the Chán belonging to the Form Realm (色界 [se jie]). See the entry for Dhyāna-samādhi (定 [ding]).
The Mahāprajñāpāramitā Upadeśa (智度論 [zhi du lun]) Vol. 17 states: "All merits of concentration are cultivation through contemplation (思惟修 [si wei xiu]). Chán, in Qin language, means cultivation through contemplation (思惟修 [si wei xiu])." The Fa Jie Ci Di (法界次第 [fa jie ci di]) states: "Chán is a sound from the Western land; it is translated here as 'abandoning evil' (棄惡 [qi e]), because it can abandon all evils such as the five hindrances (五蓋 [wu gai]) of the Desire Realm, hence 'abandoning evil.' Or it is translated as 'forest of merits' (功德叢林 [gong de cong lin]), or 'cultivation through contemplation' (思惟修 [si wei xiu])." The Da Sheng Yi Zhang (大乘義章 [da cheng yi zhang]) Vol. 13 states: "Dhyāna-samādhi (定 [ding]) has different names. There are roughly seven types: one is Chán, two is concentration (定 [ding]), three is Samādhi (三昧 [san mei]), four is right reception (正受 [zheng shou]), five is Samādhi (三摩提 [san mo ti]), six is Śamatha (奢摩他 [she mo ta]), seven is liberation (解脫 [jie tuo]), also called Vimokṣa (背捨 [bei she]). Chán is the word from its country of origin, translated here as 'cultivation through contemplation and practice' (思惟修習 [si wei xiu xi]), and also called 'forest of merits' (功德叢林 [gong de cong lin])." The Huiyuan Yinyi (慧苑音義 [hui yuan yin yi]) Vol. 1 states: "Dhyāna (那 [na]), here translated as 'still contemplation' (靜慮 [jing lu]), means quietly contemplating with the mind. The old translation, 'cultivation through contemplation' (思惟修 [si wei xiu]), is an abbreviation."
(Dhyāna-samādhi)
禪—【術語】禪那 Dhyāna 之略。譯曰棄惡，功德叢林。思惟修等。新譯曰靜盧。屬於色界之心地定法也。今於欲界人中發得之，謂之修得。生於色界而發之，謂之生得。思惟而修得之。則名為思惟修。成就之之心體，即為寂靜，有能如實慮知所對之境之用。故名靜慮。棄惡，功德叢林之名，以其結果之功能而名之者，是亦一種定心之法，故雖時翻為定，而定之梵名，為三昧或三摩地，總為心一境性所附之名也。又禪宗之禪，其名雖取思惟靜慮之義，而其體為涅槃之妙心，非謂色界所屬之禪。見禪定條。智度論十七曰：「諸定功德都是思惟修。禪，秦言思惟修。」法界次第曰：「禪是西土音，此翻棄惡，能棄欲界五蓋等一切諸惡，故云棄惡，或翻功德叢林，或翻思惟修。」大乘義章十三曰：「禪定者別名不同。略有七種：一名為禪，二名為定，三名三昧，四名正受，五名三摩提，六名奢摩他，七名解脫，亦名背捨。禪者是其中國之言，此翻名為思惟修習，亦云功德叢林。」慧苑音義上曰：「禪那，此云靜慮，謂靜心思慮也。舊翻為思惟修者，略也。」(禪定)
[shù yǔ] chán nà Dhyāna zhī lüè. yì yuē qì è, gōng dé cóng lín. sī wéi xiū děng. xīn yì yuē jìng lú. shǔ yú sè jiè zhī xīn de dìng fǎ yě. jīn yú yù jiè rén zhōng fā dé zhī, wèi zhī xiū dé. shēng yú sè jiè ér fā zhī, wèi zhī shēng dé. sī wéi ér xiū dé zhī. zé míng wèi sī wéi xiū. chéng jiù zhī zhī xīn tǐ, jí wèi jì jìng, yǒu néng rú shí lǜ zhī suǒ duì zhī jìng zhī yòng. gù míng jìng lǜ. qì è, gōng dé cóng lín zhī míng, yǐ qí jié guǒ zhī gōng néng ér míng zhī zhě, shì yì yī zhǒng dìng xīn zhī fǎ, gù suī shí fān wèi dìng, ér dìng zhī fàn míng, wèi sān mèi huò sān mó de, zǒng wèi xīn yī jìng xìng suǒ fù zhī míng yě. yòu chán zōng zhī chán, qí míng suī qǔ sī wéi jìng lǜ zhī yì, ér qí tǐ wèi niè pán zhī miào xīn, fēi wèi sè jiè suǒ shǔ zhī chán. jiàn chán dìng tiáo. zhì dù lùn shí qī yuē: “zhū dìng gōng dé dōu shì sī wéi xiū. chán, qín yán sī wéi xiū.” fǎ jiè cì dì yuē: “chán shì xī tǔ yīn, cǐ fān qì è, néng qì yù jiè wǔ gài děng yī qiè zhū è, gù yún qì è, huò fān gōng dé cóng lín, huò fān sī wéi xiū.” dà chéng yì zhāng shí sān yuē: “chán dìng zhě bié míng bù tóng. lüè yǒu qī zhǒng: yī míng wèi chán, èr míng wèi dìng, sān míng sān mèi, sì míng zhèng shòu, wǔ míng sān mó tí, liù míng shē mó tā, qī míng jiě tuō, yì míng bèi shě. chán zhě shì qí zhōng guó zhī yán, cǐ fān míng wèi sī wéi xiū xí, yì yún gōng dé cóng lín.” huì yuàn yīn yì shàng yuē: “chán nà, cǐ yún jìng lǜ, wèi jìng xīn sī lǜ yě. jiù fān wèi sī wéi xiū zhě, lüè yě.” (chán dìng)
[shu yu] chan na Dhyana zhi lue. yi yue qi e, gong de cong lin. si wei xiu deng. xin yi yue jing lu. shu yu se jie zhi xin de ding fa ye. jin yu yu jie ren zhong fa de zhi, wei zhi xiu de. sheng yu se jie er fa zhi, wei zhi sheng de. si wei er xiu de zhi. ze ming wei si wei xiu. cheng jiu zhi zhi xin ti, ji wei ji jing, you neng ru shi lu zhi suo dui zhi jing zhi yong. gu ming jing lu. qi e, gong de cong lin zhi ming, yi qi jie guo zhi gong neng er ming zhi zhe, shi yi yi zhong ding xin zhi fa, gu sui shi fan wei ding, er ding zhi fan ming, wei san mei huo san mo de, zong wei xin yi jing xing suo fu zhi ming ye. you chan zong zhi chan, qi ming sui qu si wei jing lu zhi yi, er qi ti wei nie pan zhi miao xin, fei wei se jie suo shu zhi chan. jian chan ding tiao. zhi du lun shi qi yue: "zhu ding gong de dou shi si wei xiu. chan, qin yan si wei xiu." fa jie ci di yue: "chan shi xi tu yin, ci fan qi e, neng qi yu jie wu gai deng yi qie zhu e, gu yun qi e, huo fan gong de cong lin, huo fan si wei xiu." da cheng yi zhang shi san yue: "chan ding zhe bie ming bu tong. lue you qi zhong: yi ming wei chan, er ming wei ding, san ming san mei, si ming zheng shou, wu ming san mo ti, liu ming she mo ta, qi ming jie tuo, yi ming bei she. chan zhe shi qi zhong guo zhi yan, ci fan ming wei si wei xiu xi, yi yun gong de cong lin." hui yuan yin yi shang yue: "chan na, ci yun jing lu, wei jing xin si lu ye. jiu fan wei si wei xiu zhe, lue ye." (chan ding)
Chinese Buddhism (漢傳佛教, hanchuan fojiao) is the form of Buddhism that developed in China, blending Mahayana teachings with Daoist and Confucian thought. Its texts are mainly in Classical Chinese, based on translations from Sanskrit. Major schools include Chan (Zen), Pure Land, Tiantai, and Huayan. Chinese Buddhism has greatly influenced East Asian religion and culture.
General definition (in Buddhism)
Chan (also called Zen);—see Contemplation and Meditation.
India history and geography
Chan (as a Chinese Buddhist School) refers to “essential meaning” and represents one of the “Five Lineages of Chinese Buddhism” (in Tibetan: rgya nag gi nang pa'i brgyud lnga). According Tibetan analyses, the fivbe lineages are vinaya (Lu), secret mantra (Chenyen), extensive practice (school of Xuanzang), profound view (Tiantai and Huayan) and essential meaning (Chan).
1) Chan is a Tai Khamyang term referring to “front open area of house”.—It appears in the study dealing with the vernacular architecture (local building construction) of Assam whose rich tradition is backed by the numerous communities and traditional cultures.
2) Chan is also a Tai Phake term referring to “scullery”.
The history of India traces the identification of countries, villages, towns and other regions of India, as well as mythology, zoology, royal dynasties, rulers, tribes, local festivities and traditions and regional languages. Ancient India enjoyed religious freedom and encourages the path of Dharma, a concept common to Buddhism, Hinduism, and Jainism.
Biology (plants and animals)
1) Chan in India is the name of a plant defined with Bauhinia tomentosa in various botanical sources. This page contains potential references in Ayurveda, modern medicine, and other folk traditions or local practices It has the synonym Alvesia bauhinioides Welw. (among others).
2) Chan is also identified with Jasminum grandiflorum It has the synonym Jasminum floribundum R. Br. ex Fresen. (etc.).
3) Chan is also identified with Oryza sativa It has the synonym Oryza plena (Prain) Chowdhury (etc.).
4) Chan in Pakistan is also identified with Persea odoratissima It has the synonym Machilus odoratissimus (Wall. ex Nees) Nees (etc.).
Example references for further research on medicinal uses or toxicity (see latin names for full list):
· Indian Journal of Genetics and Plant Breeding (1965)
· Proceedings of the Indian Science Congress Association (1987)
· Chin. J. Rice Sci. (1996)
· Physis. Revista de la Sociedad Argentina de Ciencias Naturales (1933)
· Plantae Asiaticae Rariores (1831)
· Apontamentos Phytogeographicos (1858)
If you are looking for specific details regarding Chan, for example extract dosage, pregnancy safety, health benefits, side effects, chemical composition, diet and recipes, have a look at these references.
This sections includes definitions from the five kingdoms of living things: Animals, Plants, Fungi, Protists and Monera. It will include both the official binomial nomenclature (scientific names usually in Latin) as well as regional spellings and variants.
Languages of India and abroad
Nepali dictionary
Chan (छन्):—vintr. 1. pl. are; 2. honor. (he) is;
Nepali is the primary language of the Nepalese people counting almost 20 million native speakers. The country of Nepal is situated in the Himalaya mountain range to the north of India.
See also (Relevant definitions)
Starts with (+27): Can, Can-alantanpucci, Can-alappanpulu, Can-markkacittiyar, Can-mukimuttirai, Canacatalam, Canakkattu, Canakkuraivu, Canakkuti, Canalokam, Canamativu, Canamuttirai, Canapatam, Canapati, Canapperukkam, Cancilai, Canmarkkam, Canmatam, Canmukan, Canvayiru.
Full-text (+2733): Can, Shi chan, Li chan, Chan jiao, Chan hui, Lu chan, Chan lu, San chan, Chan yi, Chan shi, Chan ti, Chan li, Chan fa, Jiao chan, Chan jing, Anchan, Chan yue, Chan he, Chan guan, Chan wu ming.
Relevant text
Search found 91 books and stories containing Chan, Chaṅ, Chhaṇ, Chaṇ, Chhan, 諂, Chǎn, 禪, Chán, 懺, Chàn, 闡, 纏, 羼, 嘽, 儃, 覘, Chān, 顫, 辴, 裧, 幨, 襜, 攙, 嬋, 蟬, 僝, 潺, 獑, 廛, 瀍, 躔, 澶, 鋋, 毚, 劖, 瀺, 巉, 酁, 欃, 讒, 鑱, 饞, 蟾, 剗, 產, 剷, 滻, 鏟, 幝, 燀, 繟, 囅, 灛, 蕆, 丳, 儳, 嚵, 韂, 摲, 緾, 纒, 讇, 刬, 铲, 啴, 冁, 婵, 嵼, 𡶴, 忏, 搀, 旵, 梴, 浐, 产, 産, 磛, 禅, 缠, 艬, 蒇, 蝉, 觇, 谄, 谗, 辿, 鉆, 镡, 镵, 閳, 阐, 颤, 馋, 骣; (plurals include: Chans, Chaṅs, Chhaṇs, Chaṇs, Chhans, Chǎns, Cháns, Chàns, Chāns). You can also click to the full overview containing English textual excerpts. Below are direct links for the most relevant articles:
Taisho: Chinese Buddhist Canon
Scroll 4 - The Mahaparinibbana-sutta (part 3) < [Part 1 - Long Discourses]
Scroll 2a - Chapter 2.2: The Chapter on Uttarakuru (part 2) < [Part 25 - Sutra on the Causes and Beginning of the World]
Scroll 16c - The Tevijja-sutta < [Part 1 - Long Discourses]
A Dictionary Of Chinese Buddhist Terms (by William Edward Soothill)
Buddha-nature (as Depicted in the Lankavatara-sutra) (by Nguyen Dac Sy)
Glossary Of Chinese Characters
1. Gradual cultivation < [Chapter 5 - The Practice of Buddha-Nature in the Laṅkāvatārasūtra]
4. The Buddha-nature Thought in the Huayan School < [Chapter 6 - Further Development of the Thought of Buddha-nature in China]
Presentation and Analysis of “Three Teachings Syncretism” in Song... < [Volume 16, Issue 1 (2025)]
Sacred Resurgence: Revitalizing Buddhist Temples in Modern China < [Volume 15, Issue 5 (2024)]
Vernacular Language and the Wu Dialect in the Formation of a Chan Koine and... < [Volume 14, Issue 9 (2023)]
On the Form and Function of Sanskrit Akṣara in Prajñā-pāramitā-Sūtras and Śāstras < [Volume 80 (2020)]
Characteristics of East Asian Meditation < [Volume 71 (2010)]
Altan Chan und die Qalmaq in der Chronik des Seyfi Celebi < [Volume 32 (1970)]
Hualin International Journal of Buddhist Studies
How Zen Became Chan < [Hualin International Journal of Buddhist Studies 5.2 (2022)]
The Tangut Versions of the Zhonghua chuan xindi chanmen shizi chengxi tu by... < [Hualin International Journal of Buddhist Studies 7.1 (2024)]
Eric M. Greene. Chan Before Chan < [Hualin International Journal of Buddhist Studies 5.1 (2022)]
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