Caturthaka, Cāturthaka, Cāturthakā: 10 definitions
Introduction:
Caturthaka means something in Buddhism, Pali, Hinduism, Sanskrit. If you want to know the exact meaning, history, etymology or English translation of this term then check out the descriptions on this page. Add your comment or reference to a book if you want to contribute to this summary article.
Alternative spellings of this word include Chaturthaka.
In Hinduism
Shaktism (Shakta philosophy)
Caturthaka (चतुर्थक) refers to the “four characteristic features” (of the Śāmbhava state), according to the Ciñcinīmatasārasamuccaya verse 4.57-58.—Accordingly, “Next I will explain something else namely, the characteristic feature of the Śāmbhava (state). Equal (sama), Gone Away (gata), Merger (laya) and Awakening (avabodha) as the fourth—(thus) Śāmbhava is said to be of four kinds [i.e., caturthaka]”.
Shakta (शाक्त, śākta) or Shaktism (śāktism) represents a tradition of Hinduism where the Goddess (Devi) is revered and worshipped. Shakta literature includes a range of scriptures, including various Agamas and Tantras, although its roots may be traced back to the Vedas.
Yoga (school of philosophy)
Caturthaka (चतुर्थक) refers to the “fourth (year)” (of Yogic breathing exercises), according to the Śivayogadīpikā, an ancient Sanskrit text dealing with Yoga possibly corresponding to the Śivayoga quoted in Śivānanda’s Yogacintāmaṇi.—Accordingly, [while describing a sequence of Haṭhayoga practices]: “Thus, by means of this Haṭhayoga which has eight auxiliaries, those [students who are] life-long celibates obtain the Siddhis of the [best of Sages] because of their untiring practice. [...] Then, in the third year, he is not hurt by noxious [animals] such as snakes. In the fourth (caturthaka) year, he is free from [any] torment, thirst, sleep, cold and heat. [...]”.
Yoga is originally considered a branch of Hindu philosophy (astika), but both ancient and modern Yoga combine the physical, mental and spiritual. Yoga teaches various physical techniques also known as āsanas (postures), used for various purposes (eg., meditation, contemplation, relaxation).
In Buddhism
Tibetan Buddhism (Vajrayana or tantric Buddhism)
Cāturthakā (चातुर्थका) refers to a group of deities summoned by the Yamāntaka-mantra and mentioned as attending the teachings in the 6th century Mañjuśrīmūlakalpa: one of the largest Kriyā Tantras devoted to Mañjuśrī (the Bodhisattva of wisdom) representing an encyclopedia of knowledge primarily concerned with ritualistic elements in Buddhism. The teachings in this text originate from Mañjuśrī and were taught to and by Buddha Śākyamuni in the presence of a large audience (including Cāturthakā).
Tibetan Buddhism includes schools such as Nyingma, Kadampa, Kagyu and Gelug. Their primary canon of literature is divided in two broad categories: The Kangyur, which consists of Buddha’s words, and the Tengyur, which includes commentaries from various sources. Esotericism and tantra techniques (vajrayāna) are collected indepently.
Languages of India and abroad
Sanskrit dictionary
Caturthaka (चतुर्थक).—a. The fourth.
-kaḥ A fever that returns or is repeated every four days, a quartan.
-rthikā A weight equal to four Karṣas.
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Cāturthaka (चातुर्थक).—a. (-kī f.) [चतुर्थे अह्नि भवः ठक् वुञ् वा (caturthe ahni bhavaḥ ṭhak vuñ vā)]
1) Quartan, occurring every fourth day.
-kaḥ A quartan ague.
See also (synonyms): cāturthika.
Caturthaka (चतुर्थक).—[caturtha + ka], adj. Returning every fourth day (as fever), [Harivaṃśa, (ed. Calc.)] 10555.
Cāturthaka (चातुर्थक).—[adjective] appearing every fourth day; [substantive] the quartan ague.
1) Caturthaka (चतुर्थक):—[from catasṛ] mfn. the 4th, [Śrutabodha]
2) [v.s. ...] returning every 4th day (a fever), quartan, τετραϊκός [Pāṇini 5-2, 81; Harivaṃśa 10555; Caraka; Suśruta]
3) [v.s. ...] m. (in music) a kind of measure
4) Cāturthaka (चातुर्थक):—[from cātura] mfn. appearing every 4th day, quartan (fever), [Suśruta; Kathāsaritsāgara; Agni-purāṇa]
Cāturthaka (चातुर्थक):—(kaḥ) 1. m. A quartan ague.
[Sanskrit to German]
Sanskrit, also spelled संस्कृतम् (saṃskṛtam), is an ancient language of India commonly seen as the grandmother of the Indo-European language family (even English!). Closely allied with Prakrit and Pali, Sanskrit is more exhaustive in both grammar and terms and has the most extensive collection of literature in the world, greatly surpassing its sister-languages Greek and Latin.
See also (Relevant definitions)
Starts with: Caturthakadhikara, Caturthakagajankusha, Caturthakala, Caturthakalam, Caturthakale, Caturthakalika, Caturthakanisudana, Caturthakanivarana, Caturthakari, Caturthakarirasa, Caturthakavarsha.
Full-text: Caturthika, Caturthakadhikara, Caturthakarirasa, Caturthakagajankusha, Caturthakavarsha, Caturthakanivarana, Caturthakanisudana, Prabhatakala.
Relevant text
Search found 19 books and stories containing Caturthaka, Cāturthaka, Cāturthakā; (plurals include: Caturthakas, Cāturthakas, Cāturthakās). You can also click to the full overview containing English textual excerpts. Below are direct links for the most relevant articles:
Atharvaveda and Charaka Samhita (by Laxmi Maji)
1b. Study of Fever (Jvara) in the Caraka-Saṃhita < [Chapter 5 - Diseases and Remedies in Atharvaveda and Caraka-Saṃhitā]
Vratas depicted in the Gangajala (study) (by Maitreyee Goswami)
Part 2.4 - A study on the Nakta-vrata < [Chapter 4]
Notices of Sanskrit Manuscripts (by Rajendralala Mitra)
Page 139 < [Volume 8 (1886)]
Kashyapa Shilpa-shastra (study) (by K. Vidyuta)
4. Fourteen types of Samāśra (Square) Maṇḍapas < [Chapter 4 - Maṇḍapa Lakṣaṇa]
2. Types of Maṇḍapas < [Chapter 4 - Maṇḍapa Lakṣaṇa]
3. Pañcaprākāra (Five types of Prākāras) < [Chapter 3 - Prākāra Lakṣaṇa]
A Descriptive Catalogue of the Sanskrit Manuscripts, Madras (by M. Seshagiri Sastri)
Arts in the Puranas (study) (by Meena Devadatta Jeste)
10. Notes and References for chapter 1 < [Chapter 1 - Music in the Puranas]