Candrayana, Cāndrāyaṇa, Camdrayana: 16 definitions
Introduction:
Candrayana means something in Hinduism, Sanskrit, Marathi. If you want to know the exact meaning, history, etymology or English translation of this term then check out the descriptions on this page. Add your comment or reference to a book if you want to contribute to this summary article.
Alternative spellings of this word include Chandrayana.
In Hinduism
Purana and Itihasa (epic history)
Source: archive.org: Puranic EncyclopediaCāndrāyaṇa (चान्द्रायण).—A penance. (See Vrata).
Source: archive.org: Shiva Purana - English TranslationCāndrāyana (चान्द्रायन) is a religious observance, an expiatory penance, regulated by the period of the moon’s waxing and waning. In this rite, the daily quantity of food which consists of fifteen mouthfuls at the full moon. is diminished. by one mouthful every day during the dark fortnight till it is reduced to zero at the new moon and is increased in like manner during the bright fortnight.
Source: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: The Purana IndexCāndrāyaṇa (चान्द्रायण).—A ritual lasting for a month to be practised once, twice, thrice or four times according to one's capacity;1 an expiatory ceremony for a Brahmana taking liquor in Mohā;2 very efficacious if performed in Somatīrtha; penance for certain thefts, incestuous unions, etc.3
- 1) Vāyu-purāṇa 16. 16-7; 18. 13.
- 2) Brahmāṇḍa-purāṇa IV. 7. 69, 79; Matsya-purāṇa 7. 4; 101. 75; 188. 88.
- 3) Matsya-purāṇa 189. 18; 191. 96; 227. 42-56.
The Purana (पुराण, purāṇas) refers to Sanskrit literature preserving ancient India’s vast cultural history, including historical legends, religious ceremonies, various arts and sciences. The eighteen mahapuranas total over 400,000 shlokas (metrical couplets) and date to at least several centuries BCE.
Dharmashastra (religious law)
Source: Shodhganga: The saurapurana - a critical study (dharma)Cāndrāyaṇa (चान्द्रायण) or Cāndrāyaṇavrata refers to a type of penance for expiating (prāyaścitta) sins (pātaka) according to the Manusmṛti XI.217.—Accordingly, “If a person diminishes his food daily by one mouthful during the dark half of the month and increases in the same manner during the bright half and bathes daily at the time of three libations: that is called a cāndrāyaṇavrata”.
Dharmashastra (धर्मशास्त्र, dharmaśāstra) contains the instructions (shastra) regarding religious conduct of livelihood (dharma), ceremonies, jurisprudence (study of law) and more. It is categorized as smriti, an important and authoritative selection of books dealing with the Hindu lifestyle.
Languages of India and abroad
Marathi-English dictionary
Source: DDSA: The Molesworth Marathi and English Dictionarycāndrāyaṇa (चांद्रायण).—n S An expiatory observance regulated by the moon's waxing and waning.
Source: DDSA: The Aryabhusan school dictionary, Marathi-Englishcāndrāyaṇa (चांद्रायण).—n An expiatory observance regulated by the moon's waxing and waning.
Marathi is an Indo-European language having over 70 million native speakers people in (predominantly) Maharashtra India. Marathi, like many other Indo-Aryan languages, evolved from early forms of Prakrit, which itself is a subset of Sanskrit, one of the most ancient languages of the world.
Sanskrit dictionary
Source: DDSA: The practical Sanskrit-English dictionaryCāndrāyaṇa (चान्द्रायण).—[candrasyāyanamivāyanamatra pūrvapadāt saṃjñāyāṃ ṇatvam saṃjñāyāṃ dīrghaḥ svārthe aṇ vā Tv.] A religious observance or expiatory penance regulated by the moon's age (the period of its waxing and waning); (in it the daily quantity of food, which consists of fifteen mouthfuls at the full moon, is diminished by one mouthful every day during the dark fortnight till it is reduced to zero at the new moon, and is increased in like manner during the bright fortnight); cf. Y.3.324 et seq. and Manusmṛti 11.217.
Derivable forms: cāndrāyaṇam (चान्द्रायणम्).
Source: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Shabda-Sagara Sanskrit-English DictionaryCāndrāyaṇa (चान्द्रायण).—m.
(-ṇaḥ) A religious or expiatory observance regulated by the moon’s age; diminishing the daily consumption of food every day, by one mouthful, for the dark half of the month beginning with fifteen at the full moon, until is it reduced to one at the now moon, and then increasing it in like manner during the fortnight of the moon’s increase: there are other forms of this penance. E. candra the moon, and svārthe aṇ aff. candrasya ayanamiva ayanamatra .
Source: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Benfey Sanskrit-English DictionaryCāndrāyaṇa (चान्द्रायण).—i. e. candra-ayana + a, n. A religious or expiatory observance regulated by the moon’s age; diminishing the daily consumption of food by one mouthful every day for the dark half of the month, and increasing it in like manner during the light half, [Mānavadharmaśāstra] 11, 216; [Vedāntasāra, (in my Chrestomathy.)] in
Cāndrāyaṇa (चान्द्रायण).—[masculine] observer of the moon’s path; [neuter] (± vrata) the moon-penance ([ritual or religion]).
Source: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Monier-Williams Sanskrit-English Dictionary1) Cāndrāyaṇa (चान्द्रायण):—[from cāndra] m. an observer of the moon’s course (candr), [Tāṇḍya-brāhmaṇa xvii, 13, 17 [Scholiast or Commentator]]
2) [v.s. ...] [plural] Name of a family, [Pravara texts i, 2 and ii, 4, 1]
3) [v.s. ...] n. ([Pāṇini 5-1, 72]; [scilicet] vrata) a fast regulated by the moon, the food being diminished every day by one mouthful for the dark fortnight, and increased in like manner during the light fortnight (cf. pipīlikāmadhya, yava-madhya or dhyama), [Manu-smṛti vi, 20]
4) [v.s. ...] [xi, 41 and 106-217; Yājñavalkya iii, 324 ff.; Pañcatantra i, 11, 27; iii, 3, 2.]
Source: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Yates Sanskrit-English DictionaryCāndrāyaṇa (चान्द्रायण):—(ṇaḥ) 1. m. A religious or expiatory observance, decreasing the food a mouthful every day of the dark fortnight of the moon, and increasing it in the light fortnight.
Source: DDSA: Paia-sadda-mahannavo; a comprehensive Prakrit Hindi dictionary (S)Cāndrāyaṇa (चान्द्रायण) in the Sanskrit language is related to the Prakrit word: Caṃdāyaṇa.
[Sanskrit to German]
Sanskrit, also spelled संस्कृतम् (saṃskṛtam), is an ancient language of India commonly seen as the grandmother of the Indo-European language family (even English!). Closely allied with Prakrit and Pali, Sanskrit is more exhaustive in both grammar and terms and has the most extensive collection of literature in the world, greatly surpassing its sister-languages Greek and Latin.
Kannada-English dictionary
Source: Alar: Kannada-English corpusCaṃdrayāna (ಚಂದ್ರಯಾನ):—
1) [noun] a voyage to the moon.
2) [noun] a vehicle used for this purpose.
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Cāṃdrāyaṇa (ಚಾಂದ್ರಾಯಣ):—
1) [noun] the revolution of the moon around the earth and its visible face growing alternatively less and larger in extent.
2) [noun] a religious expiatory penance regulated by the moon’s phase, (that is, increasing or decreasing the mouthfuls of daily food between fifteen and zero morsels depending on the phase of the moon over a lunar month.
Kannada is a Dravidian language (as opposed to the Indo-European language family) mainly spoken in the southwestern region of India.
See also (Relevant definitions)
Partial matches: Yana, The, Candra, Te, Candrayana.
Starts with: Candrayanabhakta, Candrayanakalpa, Candrayanavidhana, Candrayanavidhi, Candrayanavrata, Candrayanavratodyapana.
Full-text (+26): Yaticandrayana, Shishucandrayana, Candrayanavrata, Rishicandrayana, Candrayanavidhana, Candravrata, Candrayanika, Candrayanabhakta, Induvrata, Aindava, Camdrayana, Yavamadhya, Candrayanavidhi, Camdayana, Somayana, Yavamadhyama, Cantirayanam, Candra, Chandrayan, Somavriddhivardhana.
Relevant text
Search found 55 books and stories containing Candrayana, Camdrayana, Caṃdrayāna, Cāṃdrāyaṇa, Candra-yana, Candra-yāna, Cāndrāyaṇa, Candrāyaṇa, Candrayāna, The candrayana; (plurals include: Candrayanas, Camdrayanas, Caṃdrayānas, Cāṃdrāyaṇas, yanas, yānas, Cāndrāyaṇas, Candrāyaṇas, Candrayānas, The candrayanas). You can also click to the full overview containing English textual excerpts. Below are direct links for the most relevant articles:
Vasistha Dharmasutra (by Georg Bühler)
Manusmriti with the Commentary of Medhatithi (by Ganganatha Jha)
Verse 11.106 < [Section X - Expiation for the violating of the Preceptor’s Bed (gurutalpa)]
Verse 11.177 < [Section XIX - Expiation for Wrongful Sexual Intercourse]
Verse 11.41 < [Section III - Expiation for the Neglect of the Agnihotra Fire]
Devi Bhagavata Purana (by Swami Vijñanananda)
Chapter 23 - On the Tapta Kṛcchra vrata and others < [Book 11]
Chapter 1 - On the description of Gāyatrī < [Book 12]
Chapter 21 - On Gāyatrī Puraścaraṇam < [Book 11]
Bhagavad-gita (with Vaishnava commentaries) (by Narayana Gosvami)
Verse 4.28 < [Chapter 4 - Jñāna-Yoga (Yoga through Transcendental Knowledge)]
Verse 6.46 < [Chapter 6 - Dhyāna-yoga (Yoga through the Path of Meditation)]
Verse 9.31 < [Chapter 9 - Rāja-guhya-yoga (Yoga through the most Confidential Knowledge)]
Yoga-sutra with Bhashya Vivarana (study) (by Susmi Sabu)
Vow (Vrata)—an aid to Tapas < [Chapter 5 - Observations]
Yoga in the Upanishad Bhashyas < [Chapter 3 - The Authorship Problem of Patanjala-yogasutra-bhashya-vivarana]
Kriyayoga (yoga of action)—the three ways to attain Yoga < [Chapter 4 - Textual Examination of the Text]
Devala-smriti (critical study) (by Mukund Lalji Wadekar)
16.3. Description of Kricchras < [Chapter 9 - The distinctive features of the Devalasmriti]
16.6. Mlecchita-shuddhi (purification of converted persons) < [Chapter 9 - The distinctive features of the Devalasmriti]
Chapter 8 - Devala-Smriti (a summary of the reconstructed text)
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