Candi, Camdi, Caṇḍī, Caṇḍi: 29 definitions

Introduction
Image gallery
In Hinduism
1. Shaivism
2. Shaktism
3. Purana
4. Kavya
5. Arts
In Buddhism
1. Tibetan Buddhism
2. Mahayana
In Jainism
1. General definition
India history
Languages
1. Marathi
2. Sanskrit
3. Hindi
4. Prakrit
5. Kannada
6. Nepali
7. Pali
See also
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Introduction:

Candi means something in Buddhism, Pali, Hinduism, Sanskrit, Jainism, Prakrit, the history of ancient India, Marathi, Hindi. If you want to know the exact meaning, history, etymology or English translation of this term then check out the descriptions on this page. Add your comment or reference to a book if you want to contribute to this summary article.

Alternative spellings of this word include Chandi.

Images (photo gallery)

In Hinduism

Shaivism (Shaiva philosophy)

Source: Wisdom Library: Kubjikāmata-tantra

Caṇḍī (चण्डी, “passionate”):—One of the nine Dūtī presided over by one of the nine bhaivaravas named Kapāla (emanation of Ananta, who is the central presiding deity of Dūtīcakra), according to the Kubjikāmata-tantra and the Ṣaṭsāhasrasaṃhitā. The names of these nine Dūtīs seem to express their involvement in yogic practices.

context information

Shaiva (शैव, śaiva) or Shaivism (śaivism) represents a tradition of Hinduism worshiping Shiva as the supreme being. Closely related to Shaktism, Shaiva literature includes a range of scriptures, including Tantras, while the root of this tradition may be traced back to the ancient Vedas.

Shaktism (Shakta philosophy)

Source: Wisdom Library: Śāktism

Caṇḍī (चण्डी, “Fierce, Impetuous”):—One of the female offspring from Mahāsarasvatī (sattva-form of Mahādevī). Mahāsarasvatī is one of the three primary forms of Devī, the other two being Mahālakṣmī and Mahākālī. Not to be confused with Sarasvatī, she is a more powerful cosmic aspect (vyaṣṭi) of Devi and represents the guṇa (universal energy) named sattva. Also see the Devī Māhātmya, a Sanskrit work from the 5th century, incorporated into the Mārkaṇḍeya-Purāṇa.

Source: Google Books: Manthanabhairavatantram

Caṇḍī (चण्डी) refers to one of the thirty-two Bhairavīs (also Dūtis) embodying the syllables of the goddess’s Vidyā, according to the Manthānabhairavatantra, a vast sprawling work that belongs to a corpus of Tantric texts concerned with the worship of the goddess Kubjikā.—The thirty-two Bhairavīs [i.e., Caṇḍī] are the consorts of the Bhairavas presiding over the sonic energies of the thirty-two syllables of her Vidyā. [...] Notice that like there are Yoginīs in this group who are also worshipped independently as the Great Goddess. Moreover, several also appear in other groups.

context information

Shakta (शाक्त, śākta) or Shaktism (śāktism) represents a tradition of Hinduism where the Goddess (Devi) is revered and worshipped. Shakta literature includes a range of scriptures, including various Agamas and Tantras, although its roots may be traced back to the Vedas.

Purana and Itihasa (epic history)

Source: archive.org: Shiva Purana - English Translation

Caṇḍī (चण्डी) refers to an epithet of the Goddess (e.g., Umā/Durgā/Satī), according to the Śivapurāṇa 2.3.4.—Accordingly, as the Gods eulogized Umā with devotion:—“[...] thus eulogised by the Gods, the Goddess Durgā, the mother of the universe, the destroyer of impassable distress, appeared in front of them. [...] She was the mother of the three deities, Caṇḍī, Śivā, the destroyer of the distress of all, the mother of all supreme slumber and the redeemer of all her own people”.

Source: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: The Purana Index

Caṇḍi (चण्डि).—Prayers to.^*

* Vāyu-purāṇa 112. 58.

Source: Shodhganga: The saurapurana - a critical study

Caṇḍi (चण्डि) is one of the incarnations of Pārvatī, according to the 10th century Saurapurāṇa: one of the various Upapurāṇas depicting Śaivism.—Accordingly, chapter forty-eight further elaborates the glories of Śiva and Śivadharma; the results of Śiva-worship, glories of Pārvatī who is said to have been incarnated as Durgā, Satī, Kālīkā, Caṇḍi etc. for the establishment of Dharma; the extermination of the demons and the glorification of the worship of the mother-goddess including the description and praise of the Ulkānavamī-vrata are described respectively in chapters forty nine and fifty.

context information

The Purana (पुराण, purāṇas) refers to Sanskrit literature preserving ancient India’s vast cultural history, including historical legends, religious ceremonies, various arts and sciences. The eighteen mahapuranas total over 400,000 shlokas (metrical couplets) and date to at least several centuries BCE.

Kavya (poetry)

Source: Wisdom Library: Kathāsaritsāgara

Caṇḍī (चण्डी) is one of the epithets of Durgā, according to the Kathāsaritsāgara, chapter 53. Accordingly, as Vīravara praised Durgā: “... thou art the principle of life in creatures; by thee this world moves. In the beginning of creation Śiva beheld thee self-produced, blazing and illuminating the world with brightness hard to behold, like ten million orbs of fiery suddenly produced infant suns rising at once, filling the whole horizon with the circle of thy arms, bearing a sword, a club, a bow, arrows and a spear. And thou wast praised by that god Śiva in the following words ... [Caṇḍī, etc...]”.

Also, “... when Skanda, and Vasiṣṭha, and Brahmā, and the others heard thee praised, under these [eg., Caṇḍī] and other titles, by Śiva well skilled in praising, they also praised thee. And by praising thee, O adorable one, immortals, Ṛṣis and men obtained, and do now obtain, boons above their desire. ”

The Kathāsaritsāgara (‘ocean of streams of story’), mentioning Caṇḍī, is a famous Sanskrit epic story revolving around prince Naravāhanadatta and his quest to become the emperor of the vidyādharas (celestial beings). The work is said to have been an adaptation of Guṇāḍhya’s Bṛhatkathā consisting of 100,000 verses, which in turn is part of a larger work containing 700,000 verses.

context information

Kavya (काव्य, kavya) refers to Sanskrit poetry, a popular ancient Indian tradition of literature. There have been many Sanskrit poets over the ages, hailing from ancient India and beyond. This topic includes mahakavya, or ‘epic poetry’ and natya, or ‘dramatic poetry’.

Sports, Arts and Entertainment (wordly enjoyments)

Source: archive.org: Syainika Sastra of Rudradeva with English Translation (art)

Cāndi (चान्दि) is another name for the Gardabhī affliction (being neglected for too long), according to the Śyainika-śāstra: a Sanskrit treatise dealing with the divisions and benefits of Hunting and Hawking, written by Rājā Rudradeva (or Candradeva) in possibly the 13th century.—Accordingly, [while discussing the treatment of hawks]: “Gardabhī is the name of inilammation of the legs accompanied by boils, caused by tight tying [in a ‘sock’], fear, or frequent flight. If long neglected, the same disease is called Cāndi. To cure Gardabhī the legs hould be plastered over daily for seven days, with the exudation of the common fig tree and of Fiscus religiosa; or, it can be cured by plastering them over with black salt. [...]”

context information

This section covers the skills and profiencies of the Kalas (“performing arts”) and Shastras (“sciences”) involving ancient Indian traditions of sports, games, arts, entertainment, love-making and other means of wordly enjoyments. Traditionally these topics were dealt with in Sanskrit treatises explaing the philosophy and the justification of enjoying the pleasures of the senses.

In Buddhism

Tibetan Buddhism (Vajrayana or tantric Buddhism)

Source: academia.edu: The Structure and Meanings of the Heruka Maṇḍala

1) Caṇḍī (चण्डी) refers to the Ḍākinī of the north-western corner in the Medinīcakra, according to the 10th century Ḍākārṇava chapter 15. Accordingly, the medinīcakra refers to one of the three divisions of the dharma-puṭa (‘dharma layer’), situated in the Herukamaṇḍala. Two colors are evenly assigned to the four corner Ḍākinīs [viz., Caṇḍī] in order in accordance with the direction which they face.

2) Caṇḍī (चण्डी) is also the Ḍākinī of the north-western corner in the Kāyacakra, according to the same work. Accordingly, the kāyacakra refers to one of the four divisions of the nirmāṇa-puṭa (‘emanation layer’), situated in the Herukamaṇḍala.

context information

Tibetan Buddhism includes schools such as Nyingma, Kadampa, Kagyu and Gelug. Their primary canon of literature is divided in two broad categories: The Kangyur, which consists of Buddha’s words, and the Tengyur, which includes commentaries from various sources. Esotericism and tantra techniques (vajrayāna) are collected indepently.

Mahayana (major branch of Buddhism)

Source: archive.org: Bulletin of the French School of the Far East (volume 5)

Caṇḍī (चण्डी) is the name of a Goddess appointed as one of the Divine protector deities of Kapilavastu, according to chapter 17 of the Candragarbha: the 55th section of the Mahāsaṃnipāta-sūtra, a large compilation of Sūtras (texts) in Mahāyāna Buddhism partly available in Sanskrit, Tibetan and Chinese.—In the Candragarbhasūtra, the Bhagavat invites all classes of Gods and Deities to protect the Law [dharma?] and the faithful in their respective kingdoms of Jambudvīpa [e.g., the Goddesses Caṇḍī and Caṇḍā in Kapilavastu], resembling the time of the past Buddhas.

context information

Mahayana (महायान, mahāyāna) is a major branch of Buddhism focusing on the path of a Bodhisattva (spiritual aspirants/ enlightened beings). Extant literature is vast and primarely composed in the Sanskrit language. There are many sūtras of which some of the earliest are the various Prajñāpāramitā sūtras.

In Jainism

General definition (in Jainism)

Source: archive.org: Een Kritische Studie Van Svayambhūdeva’s Paümacariu

Caṇḍi (चण्डि) participated in the war between Rāma and Rāvaṇa, on the side of the latter, as mentioned in Svayambhūdeva’s Paumacariu (Padmacarita, Paumacariya or Rāmāyaṇapurāṇa) chapter 57ff. Svayambhū or Svayambhūdeva (8th or 9th century) was a Jain householder who probably lived in Karnataka. His work recounts the popular Rāma story as known from the older work Rāmāyaṇa (written by Vālmīki). Various chapters [mentioning Caṇḍi] are dedicated to the humongous battle whose armies (known as akṣauhiṇīs) consisted of millions of soldiers, horses and elephants, etc.

Source: archive.org: The Jaina Iconography

Caṇḍī (चण्डी) is the name of a Yoginī mentioned in various Jaina manuscripts, often being part of a list of sixty-four such deities. How the cult of the Tantrik Yoginīs originated among the vegetarian Jainas is unknown. The Yoginīs (viz., Caṇḍī) are known as attendants on Śiva or Pārvatī. But in the case of Jainism, we may suppose, as seen before that they are subordinates to Kṣetrapāla, the chief of the Bhairavas.

context information

Jainism is an Indian religion of Dharma whose doctrine revolves around harmlessness (ahimsa) towards every living being. The two major branches (Digambara and Svetambara) of Jainism stimulate self-control (or, shramana, ‘self-reliance’) and spiritual development through a path of peace for the soul to progess to the ultimate goal.

India history and geography

Source: archive.org: Ceylon Branch of the Royal Asiatic Society 1963

Caṇḍī is the name of a Gate associated with Campā: one of the twenty canal-systems associated with Parakkamasamudda waters that existed in the Polonnaruva (Polonnaruwa) district of Ceylon (Sri Lanka).—The Pūjāvaliya gives the name Mahāsamudra to the Parakkamasamudda at Polonnaruva. The canal system associated with Parakkamasamudda is described and named in the Cūlavamsa as follows:—[...] Campā canal, from the sluice near the Caṇḍī Gate; [...].

context information

The history of India traces the identification of countries, villages, towns and other regions of India, as well as mythology, zoology, royal dynasties, rulers, tribes, local festivities and traditions and regional languages. Ancient India enjoyed religious freedom and encourages the path of Dharma, a concept common to Buddhism, Hinduism, and Jainism.

Languages of India and abroad

Marathi-English dictionary

Source: DDSA: The Molesworth Marathi and English Dictionary

candī (चंदी).—f ( H Tsandi.) The daily feed or allowance of grain (to horses &c.) 2 fig. The daily consumption or the regular provision (of a household). v cāla. āpalī candī vāḍhavūna khāṇēṃ To obtain advancement of one's allowance, wages, pay, through diligent service.

--- OR ---

cāndī (चांदी).—f ( H) Pure silver; silver-bullion. 2 Silver gen. 3 A pat or lump of unwrought silver. cāndī karaṇēṃ g. of o. To make silver of; i. e. to destroy, consume, or spoil.

Source: DDSA: The Aryabhusan school dictionary, Marathi-English

candī (चंदी).—f The daily feed or allowance of grain (to horses &c.). āpalī candī vāḍha- vūna khāṇēṃ To obtain advancement of one's allowance, wages, pay through diligent service.

--- OR ---

cāndī (चांदी).—f Silver-bullion; pure silver; silver. cāndī karaṇēṃ To destroy, consume. cāndī uḍaṇēṃ To be bored to vexation, to become bewildered.

context information

Marathi is an Indo-European language having over 70 million native speakers people in (predominantly) Maharashtra India. Marathi, like many other Indo-Aryan languages, evolved from early forms of Prakrit, which itself is a subset of Sanskrit, one of the most ancient languages of the world.

Sanskrit dictionary

Source: DDSA: The practical Sanskrit-English dictionary

Caṇḍī (चण्डी).—f.

1) An epithet of Durgā.

2) A passionate or angry woman; चण्डी चण्डं हन्तुमभ्युद्यता माम् (caṇḍī caṇḍaṃ hantumabhyudyatā mām) M.3.2; चण्डी मामवधूय पादपतितं जातानुतापेव सा (caṇḍī māmavadhūya pādapatitaṃ jātānutāpeva sā) V.4.38; R.12.5; Meghadūta 14.

3) Name of plant.

4) A kind of perfume (Mar. vāḷā).

-ṇḍī 1 A term of endearment applied to one's mistress.

2) Hurt, injury.

[Sanskrit to German]

Candi in German

context information

Sanskrit, also spelled संस्कृतम् (saṃskṛtam), is an ancient language of India commonly seen as the grandmother of the Indo-European language family (even English!). Closely allied with Prakrit and Pali, Sanskrit is more exhaustive in both grammar and terms and has the most extensive collection of literature in the world, greatly surpassing its sister-languages Greek and Latin.

Hindi dictionary

Source: DDSA: A practical Hindi-English dictionary

1) Caṃḍī (चंडी) [Also spelled chandi]:—(nf) the goddess [durgā]; a quarrelsome defiant woman; a woman of violent nature.

2) Cāṃdī (चांदी):—(nf) silver; —[kaṭanā] to be minting money; —[kā jūtā/kī jūtī] monetary temptation; bribe; —[ke ṭukaḍe] rupee coins; money in general; —[ke dina] pleasant/delightful days; —[banānā] to mint money, to earn fabulously; —[honā] to have fabulous earnings; to have all round gains.

context information

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Prakrit-English dictionary

Source: DDSA: Paia-sadda-mahannavo; a comprehensive Prakrit Hindi dictionary

Caṃḍī (चंडी) in the Prakrit language is related to the Sanskrit word: Caṇḍī.

context information

Prakrit is an ancient language closely associated with both Pali and Sanskrit. Jain literature is often composed in this language or sub-dialects, such as the Agamas and their commentaries which are written in Ardhamagadhi and Maharashtri Prakrit. The earliest extant texts can be dated to as early as the 4th century BCE although core portions might be older.

Kannada-English dictionary

Source: Alar: Kannada-English corpus

Caṃḍi (ಚಂಡಿ):—

1) [noun] the portion of the human body above the neck; the head.

2) [noun] the grain-bearing spike of a cereal plant; a corn-ear.

--- OR ---

Caṃḍi (ಚಂಡಿ):—

1) [noun] the quality of being utterly unyielding in attitude or opinion in spite of all appeals, urgings, etc.; adamancy.

2) [noun] that which issevere, harsh.

3) [noun] a condition characterised by difficulty, problematic.

4) [noun] meanness; baseness; small-mindedness; pettiness.

5) [noun] a man of great valour and courage.

6) [noun] an obstinate, stubborn man; ಚಂಡಿ ಮಾಡು [camdi madu] caṇḍi māḍu to become unreasonably unyielding, obstinate; ಚಂಡಿ ಹಿಡಿ [camdi hidi] caṇḍi hīḍi = ಚಂಡಿ ಮಾಡು [camdi madu].

--- OR ---

Caṃḍi (ಚಂಡಿ):—

1) [noun] an obstinate, stubborn woman.

2) [noun] an ill-tempered, irascible woman.

3) [noun] a small-minded or wicked woman.

--- OR ---

Caṃḍi (ಚಂಡಿ):—

1) [noun] the condition of temperature being much lower; the sensation produced by a loss or absence of normal heat; coldness; chillness.

2) [noun] a being moistened, covered or saturated with water; wetness.

--- OR ---

Caṃdi (ಚಂದಿ):—[noun] = ಚಂದಾಯ [camdaya]1.

context information

Kannada is a Dravidian language (as opposed to the Indo-European language family) mainly spoken in the southwestern region of India.

Nepali dictionary

Source: unoes: Nepali-English Dictionary

Cāṃdī (चांदी):—[=चाँदी] n. silver;

context information

Nepali is the primary language of the Nepalese people counting almost 20 million native speakers. The country of Nepal is situated in the Himalaya mountain range to the north of India.

Pali-English dictionary

[Pali to Burmese]

Source: Sutta: Tipiṭaka Pāḷi-Myanmar Dictionary (တိပိဋက-ပါဠိမြန်မာ အဘိဓာန်)

1) candī—

(Burmese text): (၁) လ၏ ဥစ္စာဖြစ်သော အရောင်၊ လရောင်။ (၂) စန္ဒိမည်သော ကိန္နရီ။

(Auto-Translation): (1) The color of the moon, moon color. (2) The celestial body known as a planet.

2) caṇḍī—

(Burmese text): (၁) ကြမ်းတမ်း-ကြမ်းကြုတ်-ခက်ထန်-သော မိန်းမ။ စဏ္ဍ-(၁က)-ကြည့်။ (၂) အမျက်-ဒေါသ-ထွက်လေ့ရှိသော မိန်းမ၊ အမျက်-ဒေါသ-ကြီးသော မိန်းမ။ စဏ္ဍ-(၂)-ကြည့်။ (၃) စဏ္ဍီမည်သော မိန်းမ။

(Auto-Translation): (1) A woman who is rough, harsh, and severe. See category (1a). (2) A woman who is prone to anger, a woman with great wrath. See category (2). (3) A woman with dignity.

context information

Pali is the language of the Tipiṭaka, which is the sacred canon of Theravāda Buddhism and contains much of the Buddha’s speech. Closeley related to Sanskrit, both languages are used interchangeably between religions.

Relevant text

Search found 74 books and stories containing Candi, Caṃḍi, Caṃdi, Caṃḍī, Camdi, Cāṃdī, Canda-i, Canda-ī, Canda-i, Caṇḍa-ī, Caṇḍī, Caṇḍi, Cāndi, Cāndī, Candī, Candis; (plurals include: Candis, Caṃḍis, Caṃdis, Caṃḍīs, Camdis, Cāṃdīs, is, īs, Caṇḍīs, Caṇḍis, Cāndis, Cāndīs, Candīs, Candises). You can also click to the full overview containing English textual excerpts. Below are direct links for the most relevant articles:

Verse 1.10.40 < [Chapter 10 - Marriage with Śrī Lakṣmīpriyā]

Verse 1.15.7 < [Chapter 15 - Marriage with Śrī Viṣṇupriyā]

Verse 1.4.131 < [Chapter 4 - Name-giving Ceremony, Childhood Pastimes, and Thieves Kidnap the Lord]

+ 23 more chapters / show preview

Verse 20 [Ambā as Caṇḍi transcends Sāṅkhya and Yoga] < [Chapter 1 - First Vimarśa]

Verse 293 [Eternal operation of Saṃhārakrama by Śakti] < [Chapter 4 - Fourth Vimarśa]

Verse 220 [Wonder of dual (Bright and Dark) forms of Kāli] < [Chapter 4 - Fourth Vimarśa]

+ 3 more chapters / show preview

7. Temple Building Activities of Purusottama Ksetra < [Chapter 1 - Introduction]

9. Rama-Candi Temple (in Puri) < [Chapter 6 - Shakta Temples of Purushottama Kshetra]

12. Hara Candi Temple (in Puri) < [Chapter 6 - Shakta Temples of Purushottama Kshetra]

+ 13 more chapters / show preview