Candaka, Caṇḍaka: 12 definitions
Introduction:
Candaka means something in Buddhism, Pali, Hinduism, Sanskrit, the history of ancient India. If you want to know the exact meaning, history, etymology or English translation of this term then check out the descriptions on this page. Add your comment or reference to a book if you want to contribute to this summary article.
Alternative spellings of this word include Chandaka.
In Hinduism
Purana and Itihasa (epic history)
Source: archive.org: Puranic EncyclopediaCaṇḍaka (चण्डक).—A forest hunter who attained salvation by the worship of Śivaliṅga. (Phallus of Śiva).
While once hunting in the woods Caṇḍaka saw a Śiva temple in ruins, and the Śivaliṅga lying on the ground uncared for. This sight greatly grieved him, and he told Śiṃhaketu, son of the Pāñcāla Rāja who happened to come that way all about the temple and the liṅga. To his query as to whether the śāstra permitted a hunter like himself to worship Śivaliṅga, Siṃhaketu answered there were injunctions in the Śāstras for people like him (Caṇḍakas) to instal Śivaliṅga on rock and then worship it daily, the worshipper wearing ashes from the burning ghāṭ on his body. Accordingly Caṇḍaka installed the liṅga on a rock and began worshipping it daily along with his wife, Pulindī. But after sometime there was left no ashes in the burning ghāṭ and Caṇḍaka and Pulindī discussed between them the means to get ashes for the next day. Then Pulindī suggested that she should burn herself to ashes and that Caṇḍaka should continue worshipping the Śivaliṅga wearing on his body the ashes. Very unwillingly Caṇḍaka agreed with the sad proposal of his wife, and the next day he worshipped the Śivaliṅga wearing on his body the ashes of Pulindī. And, at the close of the worship he called aloud for Pulindī, and lo! wonder of wonders! she stood there before him more healthy than formerly. Moreover a vimāna descended from the skies and conducted both Caṇḍaka and Pulindī to Śivaloka. (Śiva Purāṇa, Śaṃbaramāhātyma).
The Purana (पुराण, purāṇas) refers to Sanskrit literature preserving ancient India’s vast cultural history, including historical legends, religious ceremonies, various arts and sciences. The eighteen mahapuranas total over 400,000 shlokas (metrical couplets) and date to at least several centuries BCE.
In Buddhism
Theravada (major branch of Buddhism)
Source: Pali Kanon: Pali Proper Names1. Candaka - Another name for Canda (Candakumara).
2. Candaka - The palace of King Sivi. J.iv.411.
3. Candaka - The palace of Angati, king of Videha (J.vi.229, 230, 231). v.l. Canda (J.vi.242).
4. Candaka - One of the palaces to be occupied by the future Buddha Metteyya. Anagatavamsa, vs.46.
Theravāda is a major branch of Buddhism having the the Pali canon (tipitaka) as their canonical literature, which includes the vinaya-pitaka (monastic rules), the sutta-pitaka (Buddhist sermons) and the abhidhamma-pitaka (philosophy and psychology).
India history and geography
Source: Ancient Buddhist Texts: Geography of Early BuddhismCandaka (चन्दक) is the name of a mountain situated in Dakkhiṇāpatha (Deccan) or “southern district” of ancient India, as recorded in the Pāli Buddhist texts (detailing the geography of ancient India as it was known in to Early Buddhism).—In the Saṃkhapāla Jātaka we are told that the Mahiṃsaka kingdom was near the Mount Candaka. It is stated that the Bodhisatta built a hut of leaves in the Mahiṃsaka kingdom, near the Mount Candaka, in a bend of the river Kaṇṇapaṇṇā, where it issues out of the lake Saṃkhapāla. It is the Malaya-giri, the Malabar Ghats.
The history of India traces the identification of countries, villages, towns and other regions of India, as well as mythology, zoology, royal dynasties, rulers, tribes, local festivities and traditions and regional languages. Ancient India enjoyed religious freedom and encourages the path of Dharma, a concept common to Buddhism, Hinduism, and Jainism.
Languages of India and abroad
Pali-English dictionary
Source: Sutta: The Pali Text Society's Pali-English DictionaryCandaka, =canda VvA. 278 (maṇi°); Sdhp. 92 (mayūra° the eye in a peacock’s tail). (Page 262)
— or —
Caṇḍaka, (adj.)=caṇḍa; f. caṇḍikā Pv. II, 35, & caṇḍiyā J. III, 259 (=kodhaṇā). (Page 260)
Pali is the language of the Tipiṭaka, which is the sacred canon of Theravāda Buddhism and contains much of the Buddha’s speech. Closeley related to Sanskrit, both languages are used interchangeably between religions.
Sanskrit dictionary
Source: DDSA: The practical Sanskrit-English dictionaryCandaka (चन्दक).—
1) The moon.
2) A kind of fish.
Derivable forms: candakaḥ (चन्दकः).
Source: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Edgerton Buddhist Hybrid Sanskrit DictionaryCaṇḍaka (चण्डक).—name of a yakṣa: Mahā-Māyūrī 77.
Source: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Shabda-Sagara Sanskrit-English DictionaryCandaka (चन्दक).—mfn.
(-kaḥ-kā-kaṃ) Pleasing, joy-inspiring. m.
(-kaḥ) 1. The moon. 2. Moonlight. 3. A small silvery fish, of a genus allied to the Zeus, (Chanda, Ham) E. canda iva kāyati kai ka .
Source: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Aufrecht Catalogus Catalogorum1) Candaka (चन्दक) as mentioned in Aufrecht’s Catalogus Catalogorum:—poet. See Candraka.
2) Candaka (चन्दक):—poet. Śp. p. 28. [Subhāshitāvali by Vallabhadeva] Quoted by Kṣemendra in Aucityavicāracarcā 14-16, in Kavikaṇṭhābharaṇa 4, 1. 5, 1. Mentioned as a playwright in the reign of Tuñjīna Rājataraṅgiṇī 2, 16.
Candaka has the following synonyms: Candraka.
Source: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Monier-Williams Sanskrit-English Dictionary1) Candaka (चन्दक):—[from cand] mfn. pleasing, [Horace H. Wilson]
2) [v.s. ...] m. the moon, [Horace H. Wilson]
3) [v.s. ...] moonlight, [Horace H. Wilson]
4) [v.s. ...] [varia lectio] for draka q.v.
Source: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Yates Sanskrit-English DictionaryCandaka (चन्दक):—[(kaḥ-kā-kaṃ) a.] Pleasing. m. Moon; moonlight; silver fish.
[Sanskrit to German]
Sanskrit, also spelled संस्कृतम् (saṃskṛtam), is an ancient language of India commonly seen as the grandmother of the Indo-European language family (even English!). Closely allied with Prakrit and Pali, Sanskrit is more exhaustive in both grammar and terms and has the most extensive collection of literature in the world, greatly surpassing its sister-languages Greek and Latin.
See also (Relevant definitions)
Starts with: Camdakala, Camdakanari, Camdakanisu, Camdakanne, Camdakanu, Candakali, Candakanta, Candakapali, Candakapalika, Candakapalini, Candakapushpa, Candakara, Candakaray, Candakaraya, Candakarman, Candakaushika.
Ends with: Picandaka, Piccamdaka, Pracandaka, Sucandaka.
Full-text: Candakapushpa, Pulindi, Candikka, Chandakanivartana, Candraka, Kannapenna, Andaka, Candakumara, Candra, Mahimsaka, Sankhapala Jataka, Canda, Mahanaradakassapa Jataka, Metteyya.
Relevant text
Search found 8 books and stories containing Candaka, Caṇḍaka; (plurals include: Candakas, Caṇḍakas). You can also click to the full overview containing English textual excerpts. Below are direct links for the most relevant articles:
The Padma Purana (by N.A. Deshpande)
Chapter 211 - Caṇḍaka’s Fate < [Section 6 - Uttara-Khaṇḍa (Concluding Section)]
Chapter 209 - The Story of Brāhmaṇa Mukunda < [Section 6 - Uttara-Khaṇḍa (Concluding Section)]
Chapter 6 - Bhāratavarṣa: Its Rivers and Regions < [Section 3 - Svarga-khaṇḍa (section on the heavens)]
Amaravati Art in the Context of Andhra Archaeology (by Sreyashi Ray chowdhuri)
The Great Departure or Mahābhiniṣkramaṇa < [Chapter 3 - Amarāvatī and the Formative Stage of the Buddhist Art]
Parasol or Chatra < [Chapter 3 - Amarāvatī and the Formative Stage of the Buddhist Art]
Birth of Rāhula < [Chapter 3 - Amarāvatī and the Formative Stage of the Buddhist Art]
The Fo-Sho-Hing-Tsan-King (A Life of Buddha) (by Samuel Beal)
Varga 8. The General Grief of the Palace < [Kiouen II]
Varga 6. The Return of Candaka < [Kiouen II]
Varga 5. Leaving the City < [Kiouen I]
The Skanda Purana (by G. V. Tagare)
Chapter 17 - Efficacy of the Holy Ash (Concluded) < [Section 3 - Brāhmottara-khaṇḍa]
Ramayana of Valmiki (by Hari Prasad Shastri)
Chapter 1 - Rama describes the Spring and the Sentiments it evokes in him < [Book 4 - Kishkindha-kanda]
The Jataka tales [English], Volume 1-6 (by Robert Chalmers)
Jataka 524: Saṃkhapāla-jātaka < [Volume 5]
Jataka 544: Mahānāradakassapa-jātaka < [Volume 6]
Jataka 499: Sivi-jātaka < [Volume 4]