Bird: 9 definitions
Introduction:
Bird means something in Buddhism, Pali, Hinduism, Sanskrit, Christianity, the history of ancient India. If you want to know the exact meaning, history, etymology or English translation of this term then check out the descriptions on this page. Add your comment or reference to a book if you want to contribute to this summary article.
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In Hinduism
Natyashastra (theatrics and dramaturgy)
Source: Shodhganga: Elements of Art and Architecture in the Trtiyakhanda of the Visnudharmottarapurana (natya)Birds (like Cakora and Cātaka) are associated with Kāṅgūla-hasta: one of the twenty-two Single-hand Gestures (in Indian Dramas) (known as asaṃyuktahastas), according to the Viṣṇudharmottarapurāṇa, an ancient Sanskrit text which (being encyclopedic in nature) deals with a variety of cultural topics such as arts, architecture, music, grammar and astronomy.—In kāṅgūlahasta, the middle finger is set between the forefinger and thumb while the ring finger is bent and the little finger is quite upward. According to the Viṣṇudharmottarapurāṇa, the kāṅgūla posture is used to denote fruits. In the Abhinayadarpaṇa, this posture is said to indicate things as fruits, bell, birds like cakora and cātaka, coconut etc.
Natyashastra (नाट्यशास्त्र, nāṭyaśāstra) refers to both the ancient Indian tradition (shastra) of performing arts, (natya—theatrics, drama, dance, music), as well as the name of a Sanskrit work dealing with these subjects. It also teaches the rules for composing Dramatic plays (nataka), construction and performance of Theater, and Poetic works (kavya).
Yoga (school of philosophy)
Source: ORA: Amanaska (king of all yogas): A Critical Edition and Annotated Translation by Jason BirchThe Bird (symbolizing the Mind) is denoted by the Sanskrit term Manaḥ-Pakṣī, according to the Amanaska Yoga treatise dealing with meditation, absorption, yogic powers and liberation.—Accordingly, as Īśvara says to Vāmadeva: “[...] When the wings, which are the in and out breaths and whose sphere of operation is all the senses, are cut off, the mind-bird (manaḥ-pakṣī) being motionless [in the air], plummets. [The Yogin] becomes joyful like a fish having torn [free from] the mind-net, whose threads are the breath and whose knots are the senses. [...]”.
Yoga is originally considered a branch of Hindu philosophy (astika), but both ancient and modern Yoga combine the physical, mental and spiritual. Yoga teaches various physical techniques also known as āsanas (postures), used for various purposes (eg., meditation, contemplation, relaxation).
In Buddhism
Tibetan Buddhism (Vajrayana or tantric Buddhism)
Source: ORA: Amanaska (king of all yogas): (Tibetan Buddhism)Birds (in Sanskrit: Pakṣin) can be controlled by one having the Siddhi (power) of Speech, according to verse 14.24bd-27 of the Laghuśaṃvara, an ancient Buddhist Yoginī Tantra.—Accordingly: “The Sādhaka [who has] the Siddhi of speech can certainly attract a king or queen by [merely] thinking [it]. [...] And he can stop a river, a cart, a machine [like a water-wheel,] the ocean, elephants and horses, clouds, a man or bird (pakṣin) [pakṣiṇam] merely by means of his speech. He achieves everything which he desires by his speech”.
Tibetan Buddhism includes schools such as Nyingma, Kadampa, Kagyu and Gelug. Their primary canon of literature is divided in two broad categories: The Kangyur, which consists of Buddha’s words, and the Tengyur, which includes commentaries from various sources. Esotericism and tantra techniques (vajrayāna) are collected indepently.
India history and geography
Source: Singhi Jain Series: Ratnaprabha-suri’s Kuvalayamala-katha (history)1) Birds were kept as pets, and put in cages as part of the tasks performed to beautify the Sleeping chamber (of young ladies) in Ancient India, as depicted in the Kathās (narrative poems) such as Uddyotanasūri in his 8th-century Kuvalayamālā (a Prakrit Campū, similar to Kāvya poetry).—The Kuvalayamala (779 A.D.) is full of cultural material which gains in value because of the firm date of its composition. [...] Page 83.3-9: Here is the description of the house or the sleeping chambers of young ladies which were beautified for the reception of their husbands. The select items in this list are as follows: [e.g., placing the pet birds in the cages (jaṃta-sauṇae);] [...]
2) Birds (and other animal life) was commonly depicted on the Saṃsāracakra paintings (representing scenes of animal life), in ancient India, according to the Kuvalayamālā.—Page 185.21 f.: Here follows a description of a printed scroll illustrating the Jaina conception of saṃsāracakra. [...] The saṃsāra-cakra illustrated the three worlds of hell, human world and the world of gods. [For example:] Scenes of bird and animal life, e.g., fight between lion and elephant (as depicted in the Kailāsa temple at Ellora).
The history of India traces the identification of countries, villages, towns and other regions of India, as well as mythology, zoology, royal dynasties, rulers, tribes, local festivities and traditions and regional languages. Ancient India enjoyed religious freedom and encourages the path of Dharma, a concept common to Buddhism, Hinduism, and Jainism.
See also (Relevant definitions)
Partial matches: The, Bird, Te.
Starts with (+11): Bird cactus, Bird catcher tree, Bird catching tree, Bird cherry, Bird flower, Bird killer tree, Bird knotgrass, Bird knotweed, Bird of paradise flower, Bird plum, Bird vine, Bird-berry, Bird-lime, Bird-lime tree, Bird-nest, Bird-of-paradise, Bird-on-the-wing, Birdbill dayflower, Birdflower, Birdfoot violet.
Full-text (+5083): Pakshin, Garuda, Shakuna, Khaga, Vihaga, Cakora, Shakunta, Vishkira, Sharika, Hamsa, Shakunika, Cakravaka, Cataka, Sarasa, Shakunti, Kapinjala, Andaja, Tittibha, Pratuda, Suparṇa.
Relevant text
Search found 521 books and stories containing Bird, Birds, The birds; (plurals include: Birds, Birdses, The birdses). You can also click to the full overview containing English textual excerpts. Below are direct links for the most relevant articles:
Mahavastu (great story) (by J. J. Jones)
Chapter XXVI - Jātaka of the Bird (Śakuntaka) (2) < [Volume II]
Chapter XXIII - Jātaka of the Bird (Śakuntaka) < [Volume II]
Chapter XXVII - Jātaka of the Three Birds < [Volume I]
Jataka tales [English], Volume 1-6 (by Robert Chalmers)
Jataka 384: Dhammaddhaja-Jātaka < [Volume 3]
Jataka 270: Ulūka-jātaka < [Book III - Tika-Nipāta]
Jataka 115: Anusāsika-jātaka < [Book I - Ekanipāta]
Markandeya Purana (by Frederick Eden Pargiter)
Canto II - The Birth of the Sparrows
Canto III - The Visit to the Vindhya Mountain
World Journal of Pharmaceutical Research
Study of the nesting ecology of some birds in hingoli district, maharashtra < [2023: WJPR, Special Conference Issue]
Diversity, abundance, and migration of water birds at Mukutmanipur Dam. < [2018: Volume 7, June issue 11]
Litter management in poultry for improved bird growth: A review < [2017: Volume 6, January issue 1]
Puranic encyclopaedia (by Vettam Mani)
Heimskringla (by Snorri Sturlson)
Part 6 - Battle In Sicily < [Chapter IX - Saga Of Harald Hardrade]
Part 90 - Of The Swedish King Olaf's Hunting < [Chapter VII - Saga Of Olaf Haraldson]
Part 21 - Of Dag The Wise < [Chapter I - The Ynglinga Saga]
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