Bibhatsa, Bībhatsa, Bībhatsā: 25 definitions
Introduction:
Bibhatsa means something in Buddhism, Pali, Hinduism, Sanskrit, Jainism, Prakrit, Marathi, Hindi. If you want to know the exact meaning, history, etymology or English translation of this term then check out the descriptions on this page. Add your comment or reference to a book if you want to contribute to this summary article.
In Hinduism
Vastushastra (architecture)
Bībhatsa (बीभत्स) is a variant spelling for Bībhatsaka, a Sanskrit technical term referring to classification of a temple/buidling (prāsāda), according to Samarāṅgaṇasūtradhāra chapter 60. The temple is mentioned in a list of thirty-six Prāsādas having activities of the townsmen entailing Sādhārās. The Samarāṅgaṇasūtradhāra is an 11th-century encyclopedia dealing with various topics from the Vāstuśāstra.
Vastushastra (वास्तुशास्त्र, vāstuśāstra) refers to the ancient Indian science (shastra) of architecture (vastu), dealing with topics such architecture, sculpture, town-building, fort building and various other constructions. Vastu also deals with the philosophy of the architectural relation with the cosmic universe.
Natyashastra (theatrics and dramaturgy)
1) Bībhatsa (बीभत्स) is the Sanskrit name of one of Bharata’s sons, mentioned in the Nāṭyaśāstra 1.26-33. After Brahmā created the Nāṭyaveda (nāṭyaśāstra), he ordered Bharata to teach the science to his (one hundred) sons. Bharata thus learned the Nāṭyaveda from Brahmā, and then made his sons study and learn its proper application. After their study, Bharata assigned his sons (eg., Bībhatsa) various roles suitable to them.
2) Bībhatsa (बीभत्स) refers to the “odious” sentiment (rasa). It is one of the eight rasas mentioned in the Nāṭyaśāstra 6.15. The color associated with the bībhatsa is blue (nīla), and the presiding deity of of the odious (bībhatsa) sentiment is Mahākāla (Śiva).
According to the Nāṭyaśāstra, “The Odious (bībhatsa) Sentiment has as its basis the Durable Psychological State of disgust. It is created by Determinants like hearing of unpleasant, offensive, impure and harmful things or seeing them or discussing them.”.
3) Bībhatsa (बीभत्स, “odious”) refers to a specific “glance” (dṛṣṭi), according to the Nāṭyaśāstra chapter 8. The Glance in which the cornets of the eyes are nearly covered by eyelids, the eyeballs arc disturbed in disgust and the eyelashes are still and close to each other, is called Bībhatsā (odious).
Bībhatsa (बीभत्स) or the “sentiment (rasa) of disgust”.—Bībhatsarasa is that where, the sthāyibhāva is jugupsā or aversion. It is alleged by the mythologists to be blue-coloured and to have Mahākāla i.e. an awful form of Śiva as its presiding deity. The stinking flesh and fibre and fat are regarded as its ālambanavibhāvas, while therein, the presence of worms etc. are treated as uddīpanas. Again, spitting, averting of the face, closing of the eyes etc. are its anubhāvas and bewilderment, epilepsy, agitation, sickness, death etc. are regarded as vyabhicāribhāvas in connection to Bībhatsa.
1) Bībhatsa (बीभत्स) refers to the “odious sentiment” and represents one of the nine kinds of Rasa (“soul of Drama”), according to the Viṣṇudharmottarapurāṇa, an ancient Sanskrit text which (being encyclopedic in nature) deals with a variety of cultural topics such as arts, architecture, music, grammar and astronomy.—According to the Viṣṇudharmottarapurāṇa, the sentiment of bībhatsa arises from jugupsā i.e., disgusting sight and it is showed by shaking of nose. The Nāṭyaśāstra agrees on it and accepts jugupsā as the sthāyibhāva of bībhatsa-rasa. According to the Viṣṇudharmottarapurāṇa, Nīla i.e., blue is the colour and Mahākāla is the god of this sentiment. Bharata says that bībhatsa-rasa is to be represented through some activities such as stopping the movements of the limbs, narrowing down the mouth, vomiting, spitting, shaking of limbs in disgust etc.
2) Bibhatsā (बिभत्सा) refers to one of the Thirty six kinds of Glances (dṛṣṭi) or “proper accomplishment of glances” (in Indian Dramas).—Dṛṣṭi is very important in a dance form. The appropriate movements of eyes, eyeballs and eyebrows of an artist make the performance more charming. There are thirty six kinds of glances (dṛṣṭi) accepted in the Viṣṇudharmottarapurāṇa, for example bibhatsā, belonging to the rasadṛṣṭi division.
Natyashastra (नाट्यशास्त्र, nāṭyaśāstra) refers to both the ancient Indian tradition (shastra) of performing arts, (natya—theatrics, drama, dance, music), as well as the name of a Sanskrit work dealing with these subjects. It also teaches the rules for composing Dramatic plays (nataka), construction and performance of Theater, and Poetic works (kavya).
Shilpashastra (iconography)
Bībhatsa (बीभत्स) or “odious sentiment” refers to one of the Nine Sentiments (citrarasa) in ancient Indian Painting (citra), according to the Viṣṇudharmottarapurāṇa, an ancient Sanskrit text which (being encyclopedic in nature) deals with a variety of cultural topics such as arts, architecture, music, grammar and astronomy.—According to the Viṣṇudharmottarapurāṇa nine kinds of sentiments [e.g., bībhatsa—odious] are reflected through Paintings and these are termed as citrarasas in this work. [...] The bībhatsa-rasa is reflected through the Painting having places like burial site or having the terrible scene of killing.
Shilpashastra (शिल्पशास्त्र, śilpaśāstra) represents the ancient Indian science (shastra) of creative arts (shilpa) such as sculpture, iconography and painting. Closely related to Vastushastra (architecture), they often share the same literature.
Shyanika-shastra (the science of Hawking and Hunting)
Bībhatsa (बीभत्स) refers to a “feeling of loathing”, according to the Śyainika-śāstra: a Sanskrit treatise dealing with the divisions and benefits of Hunting and Hawking, written by Rājā Rudradeva (or Candradeva) in possibly the 13th century.—Accordingly, [while discussing the outlines of hawking]: “[...] Caraka, when it seizes a young gazelle and eats its limbs and entrails, produces irresistibly a loathing (bībhatsa). Kecuka and other birds, afraid of the swiftness of the wings of Ṭonā and others, hiding themselves motionless in bushes, produce the emotion of fear”.
Shyanika-shastra (श्यैनिकशास्त्र, śyainikaśāstra) deals with ancient Indian skill of hawking/falconry (one of the ways of hunting) which were laid down in a systematic manner in various Sanskrit treatises. It also explains the philosophy behind how the pleasures derived from sense-experience could lead the way to liberation.
In Buddhism
Tibetan Buddhism (Vajrayana or tantric Buddhism)
Bībhatsā (बीभत्सा) refers to one the twenty-four Horā (astronomical) Goddess to be invoked during pūjā (ritual offering) in Tantric Buddhism, according to the 9th-century Vajraḍākatantra chapter 18.61-74. [...] A Yogin, putting a vessel in the left side of him, offers various things together with raw flesh, fish, immortal nectar (pañcāmṛta). Then the Yogin invites Goddesses to please them with nectar—five Ḍākinīs and twenty-four Goddesses [viz., Bībhatsā] come to the Yogin’s place, forming a maṇḍala.
Tibetan Buddhism includes schools such as Nyingma, Kadampa, Kagyu and Gelug. Their primary canon of literature is divided in two broad categories: The Kangyur, which consists of Buddha’s words, and the Tengyur, which includes commentaries from various sources. Esotericism and tantra techniques (vajrayāna) are collected indepently.
In Jainism
General definition (in Jainism)
Bībhatsa (बीभत्स) participated in the war between Rāma and Rāvaṇa, on the side of the latter, as mentioned in Svayambhūdeva’s Paumacariu (Padmacarita, Paumacariya or Rāmāyaṇapurāṇa) chapter 57ff. Svayambhū or Svayambhūdeva (8th or 9th century) was a Jain householder who probably lived in Karnataka. His work recounts the popular Rāma story as known from the older work Rāmāyaṇa (written by Vālmīki). Various chapters [mentioning Bībhatsa] are dedicated to the humongous battle whose armies (known as akṣauhiṇīs) consisted of millions of soldiers, horses and elephants, etc.
Bībhatsa (बीभत्स) refers to one of the warriors in Rāvaṇa’s army, according to the Jain Ramayana and chapter 7.7 [The killing of Rāvaṇa] of Hemacandra’s 11th century Triṣaṣṭiśalākāpuruṣacaritra: an ancient Sanskrit epic poem narrating the history and legends of sixty-three illustrious persons in Jainism.—Accordingly, “[...] When the battle had been going on for a long time, the army of the Rākṣasas was broken by the Vānaras like a forest by winds. [...] From anger at the killing of Hasta and Prahasta, [Bībhatsa, ...] and others in Daśānana’s army advanced. [...] Then the soldiers of Rāma and Rāvaṇa returned, purifying their own men, killed and unkilled”.
Bībhatsa (बीभत्स, “disgust”) refers to the “nine sentiments” (navarasa) in poetics and dramaturgy and represents one of the topics dealt with in the Anuyogadvārasūtra : a technical treatise on analytical methods, a kind of guide to applying knowledge.—In Muni Puṇyavijaya’s words, “the Nandi which is of the form of five Jñānas serves as a mangala in the beginning of the study of the Āgamas; and the Anuyogadvāra-sūtra serves as a key to the understanding of the Āgamas”.
Jainism is an Indian religion of Dharma whose doctrine revolves around harmlessness (ahimsa) towards every living being. The two major branches (Digambara and Svetambara) of Jainism stimulate self-control (or, shramana, ‘self-reliance’) and spiritual development through a path of peace for the soul to progess to the ultimate goal.
Languages of India and abroad
Marathi-English dictionary
bībhatsa (बीभत्स).—a (S) Disgusting, nauseous, loathsome, obscene, that excites disgust--an object gen., speech, a speaker. 2 Laxly. Frightful, hideous, monstrous, shocking, appalling.
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bībhatsa (बीभत्स).—m S One of the nine sentiments or affections,--Disgust or abhorrence. See navarasa.
bībhatsa (बीभत्स).—a Disgusting, obscene. Fright- ful. One of the nine sentiments or rasa.
Marathi is an Indo-European language having over 70 million native speakers people in (predominantly) Maharashtra India. Marathi, like many other Indo-Aryan languages, evolved from early forms of Prakrit, which itself is a subset of Sanskrit, one of the most ancient languages of the world.
Sanskrit dictionary
Bībhatsa (बीभत्स).—a. [badh svārthe san]
1) Disgusting, loathsome. nauseous, hideous, revolting; हन्त बीभत्समेवाग्रे वर्तते (hanta bībhatsamevāgre vartate) Māl. 5 'Oh ! it is indeed a loathsome sight'.
2) Envious, malignant, mischievous.
3) Savage, cruel, ferocious.
4) Estranged in mind.
5) Loathing, detesting; बीभत्सु- रतिबीभत्सं कर्मेदमकरोत् कथम् (bībhatsu- ratibībhatsaṃ karmedamakarot katham) Mahābhārata (Bombay) 11.24.13.
6) Sinful, wicked.
-tsaḥ 1 Disgust, abhorrence, detestation.
2) The disgusting sentiment, one of the 8 or 9 rasas in poetry; जुगुप्सास्थायिभावस्तु बीभत्सः कथ्यते रसः (jugupsāsthāyibhāvastu bībhatsaḥ kathyate rasaḥ) S. D.236. (e. g. Mālatīmādhava (Bombay) 5.16.).
3) Name of Arjuna.
-tsā Loathing, abhorrence.
-tsam Anything loathsome.
Bibhatsa (बिभत्स).—adj. (m.c. for Sanskrit bī°), loathsome: Lalitavistara 206.2 (verse).
Bībhatsa (बीभत्स).—mfn. Subst.
(-tsaḥ-tsā-tsaṃ) 1. Disgust, abhorrence. Adj. Detesting, loathing, changed or averted in mind. 2. Cruel, mischievous. 3. Compassionate. 4. Wicked. 5. Envious. E. badh to bind, to hate, &c. aff. ghañ .
Bībhatsa (बीभत्स).—an anomal. desider. probably of bādh, [Ātmanepada.] To be angry, to detest, [Uttara Rāmacarita, 2. ed. Calc., 1862.] 6, 6 (with abl.).
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Bībhatsa (बीभत्स).—i. e. bībhatsa + a, I. m. Disgust, abhorrence. Ii. adj. 1. Loathing, detesting. 2. Loathful, [Uttara Rāmacarita, 2. ed. Calc., 1862.] 99, 9; [Pañcatantra] iii. [distich] 112. 3. Mischievous, cruel. 4. Envious.
Bībhatsa (बीभत्स).—[adjective] loathsome, disgusting, hideous ([abstract] tā [feminine]); [feminine] ā (& [neuter]*) disgust, horror.
1) Bībhatsa (बीभत्स):—mf(ā)n. ([from] [Desiderative] of √bādh) loathsome, disgusting, revolting, hideous, [Śāṅkhāyana-brāhmaṇa; ???; Mahābhārata] etc.
2) loathing, detesting, [cf. Lexicographers, esp. such as amarasiṃha, halāyudha, hemacandra, etc.]
3) envious, cruel, wicked, [cf. Lexicographers, esp. such as amarasiṃha, halāyudha, hemacandra, etc.]
4) changed or estranged in mind, [cf. Lexicographers, esp. such as amarasiṃha, halāyudha, hemacandra, etc.]
5) m. disgust, abhorrence
6) (with rasa) the sentiment of disgust (one of the 8 Rasas q.v.), [Daśarūpa; Sāhitya-darpaṇa]
7) Name of Arjuna, [cf. Lexicographers, esp. such as amarasiṃha, halāyudha, hemacandra, etc.]
8) Bībhatsā (बीभत्सा):—[from bībhatsa] f. loathing, abhorrence, [Vājasaneyi-saṃhitā] (cf. a-b)
9) Bībhatsa (बीभत्स):—n. anything loathsome or hideous, a h° sight, [Mālatīmādhava]
Bībhatsa (बीभत्स):—[(tsaḥ-tsaḥ-tsaṃ)] 1. m. f. n. Disgust. a. Detesting; cruel; wicked.
Bībhatsa (बीभत्स):—(vom desid. von bādh)
1) adj. f. ā ekelhaft, widerlich, scheusslich [Aśvalāyana’s Śrautasūtrāni 3, 10. 11.] āpaḥ [Kātyāyana’s Śrautasūtrāṇi 25, 11, 26.] [Śāṅkhāyana’s Brāhmaṇa 3, 5.] karman [Mahābhārata 1, 210. 4, 1385. 7, 787] (raudra) . saṃprahāra [Rāmāyaṇa 3, 33, 11.] rūpa [75, 21.] vi-ṣayāḥ [Spr. 1973. fg. 2647.] [Rājataraṅgiṇī 2, 24.] [Bhāgavatapurāṇa 1, 14, 16.] [Prabodhacandrodaja 71. 1.] [] zu [Bṛhadāranyakopaniṣad] [?S. 85. Mahābhārata 4, 412.] rasa in poetischen Compositionen [DAŚAR. 2, 57.] [Sāhityadarpana 24, 18. 209.] [PRATĀPAR. 10], a, 8. 59, a, [?9. Amarakoṣa.1,1,7,17. 19. Hemacandra’s Abhidhānacintāmaṇi 295. Anekārthasaṃgraha.3,752. Halāyudha.1,92. Rāmāyaṇa.1,4,7 (3,46 Gorresio). Oxforder Handschriften 123,a,14] (wo mit unserer Hdschr. bībhatsa st. bībhatsā zu lesen ist). n. [GAUḌA] zu [Hemacandra’s Abhidhānacintāmaṇi 294.] ati [Rāmāyaṇa 3, 1, 21.] [Mārkāṇḍeyapurāṇa 16, 18.] su [Mahābhārata 1, 347.] a [5, 904.] Nach den Lexicographen = vikṛta (vikṛti) [Amarakoṣa 1, 1, 7, 19.] [Trikāṇḍaśeṣa 3, 3, 185.] [Hemacandra’s Anekārthasaṃgraha] [Medinīkoṣa s. 28.] = hiṃsra [Amarakoṣa 3, 4, 31, 236.] = krūra und ghṛṇātman [Hemacandra’s Anekārthasaṃgraha] [Medinīkoṣa] = pāpin [AJAYA im Śabdakalpadruma] —
2) = bībhatsu Beiname Arjuna's [Hemacandra’s Abhidhānacintāmaṇi 710.] [Hemacandra’s Anekārthasaṃgraha] [Medinīkoṣa] —
3) f. ā oxyt. Ekel, Abscheu [Vājasaneyisaṃhitā 30, 17.] a [Taittirīyabrāhmaṇa 1, 1, 3, 9.]
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Bībhatsa (बीभत्स):—
1) [MĀLATĪM. 78, 14.] [UTTARARĀMAC. 77, 11 (99, 9).] ati [21, 15 (29, 2).] —
3) sabībhatsam adv. [MĀLATĪM. 61, 7.]
Bībhatsa (बीभत्स):——
1) Adj. (f. ā) ekelhaft , widerlich , scheusslich. Nom.abstr. tā f. —
2) *m. Beiname Arjuna's. —
3) f. ā Ekel , Abscheu.
Bībhatsa (बीभत्स) in the Sanskrit language is related to the Prakrit words: Bībhaccha, Bībhattha.
Sanskrit, also spelled संस्कृतम् (saṃskṛtam), is an ancient language of India commonly seen as the grandmother of the Indo-European language family (even English!). Closely allied with Prakrit and Pali, Sanskrit is more exhaustive in both grammar and terms and has the most extensive collection of literature in the world, greatly surpassing its sister-languages Greek and Latin.
Hindi dictionary
Bībhatsa (बीभत्स):—(a) abhorrent, disgusting, loathsome; (nm) one of the nine rasas in poetry—the sentiment of abhorrence or disgust; hence ~[tā] (nf).
...
Kannada-English dictionary
Bībhatsa (ಬೀಭತ್ಸ):—
1) [adjective] causing loathing; highly disgusting, abhorrent; utterly detestable.
2) [adjective] causing destruction; destroying.
3) [adjective] causing intense fear; terrifying.
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Bībhatsa (ಬೀಭತ್ಸ):—
1) [noun] intense dislike or disgust; loathing; detestation.
2) [noun] that which causes dislike, detestation.
3) [noun] (dance) the sentiment of disgust.
Kannada is a Dravidian language (as opposed to the Indo-European language family) mainly spoken in the southwestern region of India.
Nepali dictionary
Bībhatsa (बीभत्स):—n. 1. disgust; abhorrence; detestation; 2. the disgusting sentiment; one of the nine rasas (रस [rasa] ) in literature; adj. disgusting; loathsome; hideous; foul; detesting;
Nepali is the primary language of the Nepalese people counting almost 20 million native speakers. The country of Nepal is situated in the Himalaya mountain range to the north of India.
See also (Relevant definitions)
Starts with (+0): Bibhatsaka, Bibhatsakarman, Bibhatsana, Bibhatsarasa, Bibhatsata, Bibhatsaushtha.
Full-text (+36): Atibibhatsa, Bibhatsarasa, Bibhatsu, Bibhatsata, Abibhatsa, Bibhatsakarman, Sabibhatsam, Rasa, Odious, Bibhatsaushtha, Subibhatsa, Bibhatsaka, Jugupsa, Bibhaccha, Navarasa, Terrible, Keshakarin, Vibhitsa, Bibhitsa, Vibhatsa.
Relevant text
Search found 64 books and stories containing Bibhatsa, Bībhatsa, Bībhatsā; (plurals include: Bibhatsas, Bībhatsas, Bībhatsās). You can also click to the full overview containing English textual excerpts. Below are direct links for the most relevant articles:
Dictionaries of Indian languages (Kosha)
Page 700 < [Malayalam-English-Kannada (1 volume)]
Page 564 < [Kannada-English-Malayalam (1 volume)]
Page 389 < [Malayalam-English (1 volume)]
The backdrop of the Srikanthacarita and the Mankhakosa (by Dhrubajit Sarma)
Part 2g - Rasa (7): Bībhatsa or the sentiment of disgust < [Chapter III - Literary Assessment Of The Śrīkaṇṭhacarita]
Part 2 - Rasa or the sentiment < [Chapter III - Literary Assessment Of The Śrīkaṇṭhacarita]
Part 3b - Guṇa (2): Ojaḥ (Ojas) < [Chapter III - Literary Assessment Of The Śrīkaṇṭhacarita]
Bhakti-rasamrta-sindhu (by Śrīla Rūpa Gosvāmī)
Verse 4.8.8 < [Part 8 - Compatible & Incompatible Mellows (maitrī-vaira-sthiti)]
Verse 4.8.13 < [Part 8 - Compatible & Incompatible Mellows (maitrī-vaira-sthiti)]
Verse 4.8.4 < [Part 8 - Compatible & Incompatible Mellows (maitrī-vaira-sthiti)]
Sahitya-kaumudi by Baladeva Vidyabhushana (by Gaurapada Dāsa)
Text 4.35 < [Chapter 4 - First-rate Poetry]
Text 8.9 < [Chapter 8 - Literary Qualities]
Text 7.120 < [Chapter 7 - Literary Faults]
Vishnudharmottara Purana (Art and Architecture) (by Bhagyashree Sarma)
1.3. Elements of Drama (h): Sentiment (Rasa) < [Chapter 3 - Drama and Dance]
3. Vocal Music (Gīta) < [Chapter 2 - Music]
7(h): Connection of Sentiments with the Paintings < [Chapter 5 - Painting and Image Making]
Ratnakarandak Shravakachar by Acharya Samantabhadra (by Vijay K. Jain)
Verse 1.143 < [Section 7 - Eleven Stages (pratimā) of the Householder’s Conduct]