Bhitti: 22 definitions

Introduction:

Bhitti means something in Buddhism, Pali, Hinduism, Sanskrit, the history of ancient India, Jainism, Prakrit, Hindi. If you want to know the exact meaning, history, etymology or English translation of this term then check out the descriptions on this page. Add your comment or reference to a book if you want to contribute to this summary article.

In Hinduism

Shilpashastra (iconography)

Source: Wisdom Library: Śilpa-śāstra

Bhitti (भित्ति) refers to a “wall”. It is also known as kuḍya. It represents a part of the trivarga structure, where it is also known as gala.

Source: Shodhganga: Elements of Art and Architecture in the Trtiyakhanda of the Visnudharmottarapurana (shilpa)

Bhitti (भित्ति) refers to the “plastered wall” which was used as a Canvas in the ancient Indian art of Painting (citra), according to the Viṣṇudharmottarapurāṇa, an ancient Sanskrit text which (being encyclopedic in nature) deals with a variety of cultural topics such as arts, architecture, music, grammar and astronomy.—Canvas is a kind of surface on which a painter can draw a picture. In ancient time walls are seen to be plastered with different substances and these were prepared for Painting. The plastered wall which was used as canvas is known as kuḍya or bhitti. The process of preparing those walls for Painting was called as kuḍyanirmāṇa or bhittinirmāṇa. In the Viṣṇudharmottarapurāṇa, it is suggested that before going to start Painting on walls one should plaster a wall. [...] The Viṣṇudharmottarapurāṇa states that the coating of the paste should be very smooth, even and finely distributed and the proportion should not be either very thick or thin.

Shilpashastra book cover
context information

Shilpashastra (शिल्पशास्त्र, śilpaśāstra) represents the ancient Indian science (shastra) of creative arts (shilpa) such as sculpture, iconography and painting. Closely related to Vastushastra (architecture), they often share the same literature.

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Vastushastra (architecture)

Source: Wisdom Library: Vāstu-śāstra

Bhitti (भित्ति) refers to the “wall” of a temple (prāsāda or vimāna). It is considered the second part in the ṣaḍvarga structure.

Source: Shodhganga: Temples of Salem region Up to 1336 AD

Bhitti (भित्ति).—The wall of the temple is called by the name bhitti. The word bhitti is derived from the root “bhid” (Sanskrit), which means to separate. The main function of the bhitti. thus, is to separate the different components of the temple plan and the interior from the exterior. Kuḍya is a synonymous term for the bhitti. Bhitti is constructed above the plinth. Bhitti corresponds to that portion of the elevation from the top of the adhiṣṭhāna to the bottom of the prastara.

The walls of the temple are generally built very thick and heavy. They normally contain two layers namely the inner (antarbhitti) and the outer (bāhyabhitti). Both layers are dressed on their exposed surfaces while their back surfaces are roughly treated. The gap between the inner and outer layer is filled with debris material.

The Texts prescribe that the bhitti should be decorated with bhittipādas (‘pilasters’), koṣṭhas (‘niches’), toraṇas (‘canopies’), kumbhapañjaras (‘vase decoration’) and jālavātāyanas (‘perforated windows’). The medium used for the construction of bhitti may be of different types. They are built out of mud, wood, brick and stone.

Mayamata mentions three types of walls. They are:—

  1. jālakakuḍya (wall with perforations),
  2. iṣṭakakuḍya (wall made of bricks),
  3. phalakakuḍya (wall made of planks of stone or wood).

The Śilparatna adds mṛṇmayakuḍya.

Source: OpenEdition books: Architectural terms contained in Ajitāgama and Rauravāgama

Bhitti (भित्ति) refers to “wall §§ 3.16; 4.7, 17; 5.5, 8, 13, 16.”.—(For paragraphs cf. Les enseignements architecturaux de l'Ajitāgama et du Rauravāgama by Bruno Dagens)

Vastushastra book cover
context information

Vastushastra (वास्तुशास्त्र, vāstuśāstra) refers to the ancient Indian science (shastra) of architecture (vastu), dealing with topics such architecture, sculpture, town-building, fort building and various other constructions. Vastu also deals with the philosophy of the architectural relation with the cosmic universe.

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Purana and Itihasa (epic history)

Source: archive.org: Shiva Purana - English Translation

Bhitti (भित्ति) refers to a “wall”, according to the Śivapurāṇa 2.3.25 (“The seven celestial sages test Pārvatī”).—Accordingly, as Pārvatī said to the seven Sages: “[...] This mind of mine is resolute helplessly attempting at a great task. Verily it is trying to erect a high wall [i.e., mahā-bhitti] on the surface of water. At the bidding of the celestial sage I am performing this steady penance with the desire that Rudra be my husband. The unfledged birdling of my mind flies up tenaciously. May lord Śiva, the storehouse of mercy fulfil its desire”.

Purana book cover
context information

The Purana (पुराण, purāṇas) refers to Sanskrit literature preserving ancient India’s vast cultural history, including historical legends, religious ceremonies, various arts and sciences. The eighteen mahapuranas total over 400,000 shlokas (metrical couplets) and date to at least several centuries BCE.

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In Buddhism

Mahayana (major branch of Buddhism)

Source: Wisdom Library: Maha Prajnaparamita Sastra

Bhitti (भित्ति) refers to “walls”, according to Mahāprajñāpāramitāśāstra (chapter 41).—Accordingly, “[The eighteen āveṇika-dharmas (‘special attributes’)]— [...] (13-15). Every physical, vocal or mental action of the Buddha accompanies knowledge.—[...] The Śrāvakas and Pratyekabuddhas do not have this privilege. First they do good in their mind and then only afterwards by means of bodily or vocal actions Sometimes even their mental action is indeterminate and is produced without accompanying knowledge. [If that is so for them], what can be said for other people? [...] See also the Bhikṣu-Arhat Madhuvāsiṣṭha who climbed onto scaffolding (gosāraka), walls (bhitti) and trees (vṛkṣa). Finally, see Pilindavatsa who insulted the Ganges and treated it as a little slave. [...]”.

Mahayana book cover
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Mahayana (महायान, mahāyāna) is a major branch of Buddhism focusing on the path of a Bodhisattva (spiritual aspirants/ enlightened beings). Extant literature is vast and primarely composed in the Sanskrit language. There are many sūtras of which some of the earliest are the various Prajñāpāramitā sūtras.

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India history and geography

Source: Singhi Jain Series: Ratnaprabha-suri’s Kuvalayamala-katha (history)

Bhitti (भित्ति) refers to the “walls” (of a Sleeping chamber), as depicted in the Kathās (narrative poems) such as Uddyotanasūri in his 8th-century Kuvalayamālā (a Prakrit Campū, similar to Kāvya poetry).—The Kuvalayamala (779 A.D.) is full of cultural material which gains in value because of the firm date of its composition. [...] Page 83.3-9: Here is the description of the house or the sleeping chambers of young ladies which were beautified for the reception of their husbands. The select items in this list are as follows: [e.g., cleansing the dust from the painted walls citraśālikā (papphoḍesu citta-bhittīo);] [...]

India history book cover
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The history of India traces the identification of countries, villages, towns and other regions of India, as well as mythology, zoology, royal dynasties, rulers, tribes, local festivities and traditions and regional languages. Ancient India enjoyed religious freedom and encourages the path of Dharma, a concept common to Buddhism, Hinduism, and Jainism.

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Languages of India and abroad

Pali-English dictionary

Source: BuddhaSasana: Concise Pali-English Dictionary

bhitti : (f.) a wall.

Source: Sutta: The Pali Text Society's Pali-English Dictionary

Bhitti, (f.) (fr. bhid, cp. *Sk. bhitta fragment, & Class. Sk. bhitti wall) a wall Vin. I, 48; D. II, 85; S. II, 103; IV, 183; V, 218; J. I, 491; Vism. 354=VbhA. 58 (in comparison); ThA. 258; VvA. 42, 160, 271, 302; PvA. 24.

Pali book cover
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Pali is the language of the Tipiṭaka, which is the sacred canon of Theravāda Buddhism and contains much of the Buddha’s speech. Closeley related to Sanskrit, both languages are used interchangeably between religions.

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Sanskrit dictionary

Source: DDSA: The practical Sanskrit-English dictionary

Bhitti (भित्ति).—f. [bhid-ktin]

1) Breaking, splitting; dividing.

2) A wall, partition; समया सौधभित्तिम् (samayā saudhabhittim) Dk.; Śiśupālavadha 4.67. fort-wall; इष्टकोपलमृद्भित्तिप्राकारं पारिघं स्मृतम् (iṣṭakopalamṛdbhittiprākāraṃ pārighaṃ smṛtam) Śukra.4.849.

3) (Hence) Any place, spot or ground (āśraya) to work anything upon; चित्रकर्मरचना भित्तिं विना वर्तते (citrakarmaracanā bhittiṃ vinā vartate) Mu. 2.4.

4) A fragment, bit, piece, portion.

5) Anything broken.

6) A rent, fissure.

7) A mat (made of split reeds).

8) A flaw, defect.

9) An opportunity.

1) A wall-like surface; कपोलभित्ति, गण्डभित्ति (kapolabhitti, gaṇḍabhitti) &c.; सिंहः शिशुरपि निपतति मदमलिनकपोलभित्तिषु गजेषु (siṃhaḥ śiśurapi nipatati madamalinakapolabhittiṣu gajeṣu) Bhartṛhari 1.38.

Source: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Shabda-Sagara Sanskrit-English Dictionary

Bhitti (भित्ति).—f.

(-ttiḥ) 1. A wall of earth or masonry. 2. A thing broken or divided. 3. A place, a part. 4. Opportunity, occasion. 5. An asylum. 6. Breaking, tearing, dividing. 7. A flaw, a defect. 8. A rent, a fissure. 9. A fragment, a bit, a broken piece or part. 10. A mat. E. bhid to divide, to break, to tear, &c. aff. ktin .

Source: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Benfey Sanskrit-English Dictionary

Bhitti (भित्ति).—i. e. bhid + ti, f. 1. Breaking. 2. A thing broken or divided. 3. A fissure, [Bhartṛhari, (ed. Bohlen.)] 2, 31. 4. A fragment, [Kirātārjunīya] 5, 8. 5. A defect. 6. Opportunity. 7. An asylum. 8. A wall of earth or masonry, [Daśakumāracarita] in Chr. 197, 17; [Mālavikāgnimitra, (ed. Tullberg.)] 50, 6. 9. A place, [Śiśupālavadha] 9, 75.

Source: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Cappeller Sanskrit-English Dictionary

Bhitti (भित्ति).—[feminine] breaking, splitting, dividing; a mat (made of split reeds); partition, wall.

Source: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Monier-Williams Sanskrit-English Dictionary

1) Bhitti (भित्ति):—[from bhid] f. breaking, splitting, [Kāṭhaka]

2) [v.s. ...] a mat (made of split reeds), [Śatapatha-brāhmaṇa]

3) [v.s. ...] a wall (of earth or masonry), partition, panel, [Maitrī-upaniṣad; Inscriptions] etc.

4) [v.s. ...] (ifc. with parts of the body) a wall-like surface (cf. kapola-, gaṇḍa-bh)

5) [v.s. ...] a fragment, bit, portion, [cf. Lexicographers, esp. such as amarasiṃha, halāyudha, hemacandra, etc.]

6) [v.s. ...] a place, spot, [Mudrārākṣasa]

7) [v.s. ...] a rent, fissure, [cf. Lexicographers, esp. such as amarasiṃha, halāyudha, hemacandra, etc.]

8) [v.s. ...] a flaw, deficiency, [Horace H. Wilson]

9) [v.s. ...] an opportunity, occasion, [cf. Lexicographers, esp. such as amarasiṃha, halāyudha, hemacandra, etc.]

Source: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Yates Sanskrit-English Dictionary

Bhitti (भित्ति):—(ttiḥ) 2. f. A wall; a part; an occasion; an asylum; a rent.

Source: DDSA: Paia-sadda-mahannavo; a comprehensive Prakrit Hindi dictionary (S)

Bhitti (भित्ति) in the Sanskrit language is related to the Prakrit word: Bhitti.

[Sanskrit to German]

Bhitti in German

context information

Sanskrit, also spelled संस्कृतम् (saṃskṛtam), is an ancient language of India commonly seen as the grandmother of the Indo-European language family (even English!). Closely allied with Prakrit and Pali, Sanskrit is more exhaustive in both grammar and terms and has the most extensive collection of literature in the world, greatly surpassing its sister-languages Greek and Latin.

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Hindi dictionary

Source: DDSA: A practical Hindi-English dictionary

Bhitti (भित्ति):—(nf and a) a wall; mural, parietal; ~[citra] a fresco, mural painting.

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Prakrit-English dictionary

Source: DDSA: Paia-sadda-mahannavo; a comprehensive Prakrit Hindi dictionary

Bhitti (भित्ति) in the Prakrit language is related to the Sanskrit word: Bhitti.

context information

Prakrit is an ancient language closely associated with both Pali and Sanskrit. Jain literature is often composed in this language or sub-dialects, such as the Agamas and their commentaries which are written in Ardhamagadhi and Maharashtri Prakrit. The earliest extant texts can be dated to as early as the 4th century BCE although core portions might be older.

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Kannada-English dictionary

Source: Alar: Kannada-English corpus

Bhitti (ಭಿತ್ತಿ):—

1) [noun] the act of breaking.

2) [noun] a piece or fragment of a whole.

3) [noun] a whole that is broken.

4) [noun] a long, deep but narrow opening; a fissure; a cleft; a crack.

5) [noun] an upright structure of wood, stone, brick, etc. serving as a support for the roof of a building, as an inner partition, etc.; a wall.

6) [noun] a support for the canvas used for painting on.

7) [noun] the part on which something rests; base; bottom.

8) [noun] a fund, revenue earning land, etc. gifted for conducting religious celebrations or gifted to a person for his or her living.

9) [noun] surroundings, esp. those behind something and providing harmony or contrast; surface against which something is seen; background.

context information

Kannada is a Dravidian language (as opposed to the Indo-European language family) mainly spoken in the southwestern region of India.

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