Bhinna: 26 definitions

Introduction:

Bhinna means something in Buddhism, Pali, Hinduism, Sanskrit, Jainism, Prakrit, Marathi, Hindi. If you want to know the exact meaning, history, etymology or English translation of this term then check out the descriptions on this page. Add your comment or reference to a book if you want to contribute to this summary article.

Alternative spellings of this word include Bhinn.

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In Hinduism

Jyotisha (astronomy and astrology)

Source: Wisdom Library: Brihat Samhita by Varahamihira

Bhinna (भिन्न) (Cf. Vibhinna) refers to a kingdom or tribe of people, according to the Bṛhatsaṃhitā (chapter 4), an encyclopedic Sanskrit work written by Varāhamihira mainly focusing on the science of ancient Indian astronomy astronomy (Jyotiṣa).—Accordingly, “If Venus should be eclipsed [i.e., bhinna] by the lunar disc the people of Magadha, the Yavanas, the Mlecchas, men of Pulinda (a barbarous tribe), the Nepālīs, the Bhṛṅgīs and the Mārwārīs (Marus), the men of Kaccha and of Surat, the Madras, the Pāñcālas, the Kaikayas, the Kulūtakas, the Cannibalas (Pūruṣādas) and the men of Uśīnara (Gāndhāra) will suffer miseries for seven months”.

Jyotisha book cover
context information

Jyotisha (ज्योतिष, jyotiṣa or jyotish) refers to ‘astronomy’ or “Vedic astrology” and represents the fifth of the six Vedangas (additional sciences to be studied along with the Vedas). Jyotisha concerns itself with the study and prediction of the movements of celestial bodies, in order to calculate the auspicious time for rituals and ceremonies.

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Shaktism (Shakta philosophy)

Source: Google Books: Manthanabhairavatantram

Bhinna (भिन्न) refers to “freshly cut gemstone”, according to the Śrīmatottara-tantra, an expansion of the Kubjikāmatatantra: the earliest popular and most authoritative Tantra of the Kubjikā cult.—Accordingly, “Then (after that comes the fourth sacred seat [i.e., Kāmarūpa] which) is in the locus of the heart and is surrounded by eight energies, namely Mohā, Āvṛtā, Prakāśyā, Kiraṇā, Rāgavatī, Hṛṣṭā, Puṣṭī, and Krodhā. [...] The venerable Kāmānanda is the emperor in the middle of the Wheel; sustained by the venerable Kāmavatī (the energy of passion) as (his) lordship, in the midst of all the troupes of Yoginīs, (he) generates light with a yellow and red lustre like that of (a freshly) cut sapphire [i.e., bhinna-vaiḍūrya]. (The seat) is surrounded by the tree, creeper, monastery, gesture and cave. One should know (this), the fourth sacred seat, as emanation by means of the (energy of the deity that) emanates in many ways (the creatures) born of eggs, sweat, seeds and wombs. [...]”.

Shaktism book cover
context information

Shakta (शाक्त, śākta) or Shaktism (śāktism) represents a tradition of Hinduism where the Goddess (Devi) is revered and worshipped. Shakta literature includes a range of scriptures, including various Agamas and Tantras, although its roots may be traced back to the Vedas.

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Shaivism (Shaiva philosophy)

Source: Brill: Śaivism and the Tantric Traditions (philosophy)

Bhinna (भिन्न) refers to “(that which is) distinct from”, according to the Īśvarapratyabhijñāvivṛtivimarśinī 2.138.—Accordingly, “[...] [The latter argument] completely eradicates the very nature of the object of knowledge—that is to say, the external [object]—by showing that [this contradictory nature can] not exist. For the first refuting argument functions while completely disregarding the nature of the object of knowledge—[i.e.] whether it has parts or is devoid of parts, whether it is contradicted or not [by this or that particular property]—rather, [it functions] through a global refutation ([lit. ‘by devouring everything’]), thus: ‘[What is] distinct from (bhinna) the manifesting consciousness is not manifest’”.

Source: SOAS University of London: Protective Rites in the Netra Tantra

Bhinna (भिन्न) refers to a “broken (sapphire)”, according to the Netratantra of Kṣemarāja: a Śaiva text from the 9th century in which Śiva (Bhairava) teaches Pārvatī topics such as metaphysics, cosmology, and soteriology.—Accordingly, [verse 11.1-24ab, while describing the appearance and worship of Tumburu]—“[...] The Devīs are white, red, yellow, and black, four-faced, four armed, three eyed, and in [their] hands bear golden hatchets, sticks and rosaries. [...] Seated on horseback, the Great Devī [Aparājitā] is adorned with many ornaments and resembles a broken sapphire (bhinna-indranīla-sadṛśī) [i.e., black]. [She is] adorned with four faces, four arms, three eyes, and holds a grass noose, a jewel, a bowl, and a mace. [She] stands firmly on a divine seat, clothed in gold clothes and gold ornaments. [...] [When one] worships and meditates on [the Devīs, as they] stand in the cardinal directions, [the Devīs grant the practitioner] the fruits of siddhi. [...]”.

Shaivism book cover
context information

Shaiva (शैव, śaiva) or Shaivism (śaivism) represents a tradition of Hinduism worshiping Shiva as the supreme being. Closely related to Shaktism, Shaiva literature includes a range of scriptures, including Tantras, while the root of this tradition may be traced back to the ancient Vedas.

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Ganitashastra (Mathematics and Algebra)

Source: archive.org: Hindu Mathematics

Bhinna (भिन्न, “broken”) or “fractions” refers to one of the twenty operations (logistics) of pāṭīgaṇita (“science of calculation which requires the use of writing material—the board”), according to Pṛthudakasvāmī’s commentary on the Brāhmasphuṭasiddhānta by Brahmagupta, a Sanskrit treatise on ancient Indian mathematics (gaṇita-śāstra) and astronomy from the 7th century.—The Sanskrit term for a fraction is bhinna. It means “broken”. The European terms radio, fraction, roupt, rotto, or rocto etc., are translations of the term bhinna, having been derived from the Latin fractus (frangere) or ruptus meaning “broken”. The Hindu term bhinna, however, had a more general meaning [...]. The other terms employed for the fraction are bhāga and aṃśa, meaning “part” or “portion”. The term kalā which originally, in Vedic times, denoted one-sixteenth came to be later on employed for a fraction.

Hindu treatises contain special rules for the reduction of classes [of numbers] (jāti) to proper fractions (bhinna). Śrīdhara and Mahāvīra each enumerate six jātis, while Brahmagupta gives only five and Bhāskara II following Skandasena reduces the number to four. The need for the division of fractions into classes arose out of the lack of proper symbolism to indicate mathematical operations. The only operational symbol used by the Hindus was a dot for the negative sign.

The Hindu mathematicians divide combinations of fractions (bhinna) into four classes:

  1. Bhāga,
  2. Prabhāga,
  3. Bhāgānubandha,
  4. Bhāgāpavāha.

Besides the above four forms, Śrīdhara, Mahāvīra and some others give two more:

  1. Bhāgabhāga,
  2. Bhāgamātṛ.
Ganitashastra book cover
context information

Ganitashastra (शिल्पशास्त्र, gaṇitaśāstra) refers to the ancient Indian science of mathematics, algebra, number theory, arithmetic, etc. Closely allied with astronomy, both were commonly taught and studied in universities, even since the 1st millennium BCE. Ganita-shastra also includes ritualistic math-books such as the Shulba-sutras.

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Purana and Itihasa (epic history)

Source: archive.org: Shiva Purana - English Translation

Bhinna (भिन्न) refers to “renting and splitting (the body)” (with weapons and missiles)”, according to the Śivapurāṇa 2.4.8 (“The battle between the gods and Asuras”).—Accordingly, as Vīrabhadra said to Nārada: “[...] Those whose bodies are rent and split (bhinna-gātra) with weapons and missiles, but who still fight fearlessly shall be praised here and hereafter. They derive wonderful happiness. Let Viṣṇu and other gods listen to my words—I shall make the earth freed of Tāraka today even without bringing my master here. Saying thus and taking up his trident, Vīrabhadra mentally meditated on Śiva and fought with Tāraka, accompanied by Pramathas. [...]”.

Purana book cover
context information

The Purana (पुराण, purāṇas) refers to Sanskrit literature preserving ancient India’s vast cultural history, including historical legends, religious ceremonies, various arts and sciences. The eighteen mahapuranas total over 400,000 shlokas (metrical couplets) and date to at least several centuries BCE.

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In Buddhism

Mahayana (major branch of Buddhism)

Source: Wisdom Library: Maha Prajnaparamita Sastra

Bhinna (भिन्न) refers to “distinct operations”, according to Mahāprajñāpāramitāśāstra (chapter 31).—Accordingly, “[...] Then the yogin makes this reflection: ‘When I examined inwardly, I did not find the Ātman and [I wondered] if it was not on the outside (bahirdhā), but when I examined [things] on the outside, I did not find it either. I wonder if the Ātman is not a delusion (bhrānti). Now I must examine internally and externally simultaneously (yugapat). Examining internal and external are two distinct operations (bhinna); examining [internal and external] at the same time (ekakāla) and simultaneously (sārdha) are conjunct operations!’ But although he examines [internal and external] conjointly or separately, the Ātman is not found anywhere: the examination is therefore ended. [...]”.

Source: academia.edu: A Study and Translation of the Gaganagañjaparipṛcchā

Bhinna (भिन्न) refers to “(that which appears as) different”, according to the Gaganagañjaparipṛcchā: the eighth chapter of the Mahāsaṃnipāta (a collection of Mahāyāna Buddhist Sūtras).—Accordingly, “[...] The Bodhisattva Gaganagañja then sustained the jewel-canopy of ten thousand yojanas high over the Lord’s lion throne in the sky, joined the palms of his hands, saluted, and praised the Lord with these suitable verses: ‘[...] (7) When the whole assembly regard the body of the Victorious One, his form and distinguishing marks (rūpa-nimitta) appear as different (bhinna), though incomparable (atulya), and even not part of any particular group (asabhāga). Even though his body is changeless (nirvikāra), beyond thought-constructions (nirvikalpa), and without distinguishing marks (animitta), he gladdens the assemblies in accordance with their particular way of thinking and their intentions (yathācittāśaya)”.

Mahayana book cover
context information

Mahayana (महायान, mahāyāna) is a major branch of Buddhism focusing on the path of a Bodhisattva (spiritual aspirants/ enlightened beings). Extant literature is vast and primarely composed in the Sanskrit language. There are many sūtras of which some of the earliest are the various Prajñāpāramitā sūtras.

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Tibetan Buddhism (Vajrayana or tantric Buddhism)

Source: Sydney eScholarship Repository: A Study of the Karma Chapter of the Abhidharmakośa Commentaries

Bhinna (भिन्न) or Bhinnalāpitā refers to “idle talk”.—The Eighth Karmapa, following the Abhidharmakośabhāṣya, maintains that, in general, all words generated by afflictive mind are idle talk. [...]

Source: MDPI Books: The Ocean of Heroes

Bhinna (भिन्न) refers to the “division” (of sentient beings), according to the 10th-century Ḍākārṇava-tantra: one of the last Tibetan Tantric scriptures belonging to the Buddhist Saṃvara tradition consisting of 51 chapters.—Accordingly, [while describing the Adamantine Circle (vajracakra)]: “[...]  [On each realm], there are thirty-six [couples of heroes and Yoginīs] in total; [it] consists in all merits and is powerful. In this way, [every] realm has the nature of the heroes and Yoginīs. In [all circles inside] the ring of mountains, classes of birth of sentient beings are to be generated in order; they are again divided (bhinna) into thirty-six [and arranged] in the respective places [on each circle] in order. The Adamantine Circle, the first, is thus [taught]. [...]”.

Tibetan Buddhism book cover
context information

Tibetan Buddhism includes schools such as Nyingma, Kadampa, Kagyu and Gelug. Their primary canon of literature is divided in two broad categories: The Kangyur, which consists of Buddha’s words, and the Tengyur, which includes commentaries from various sources. Esotericism and tantra techniques (vajrayāna) are collected indepently.

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In Jainism

General definition (in Jainism)

Source: The University of Sydney: A study of the Twelve Reflections

Bhinna (भिन्न) refers to “different”, according to the 11th century Jñānārṇava, a treatise on Jain Yoga in roughly 2200 Sanskrit verses composed by Śubhacandra.—Accordingly, “Certainly where there is [such] great difference between the body and the embodied soul, how could there be unity with relatives who are external? Whichever sentient and insentient objects attain a connection, they are all different [com.bhinna] in all cases according to their own nature”.

Synonyms: Vilakṣaṇa.

General definition book cover
context information

Jainism is an Indian religion of Dharma whose doctrine revolves around harmlessness (ahimsa) towards every living being. The two major branches (Digambara and Svetambara) of Jainism stimulate self-control (or, shramana, ‘self-reliance’) and spiritual development through a path of peace for the soul to progess to the ultimate goal.

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Languages of India and abroad

Pali-English dictionary

Source: BuddhaSasana: Concise Pali-English Dictionary

bhinna : (pp. of bhindati) broken; split; severed. (pp. of bhijjati), broken; destroyed.

Source: Sutta: The Pali Text Society's Pali-English Dictionary

Bhinna, (pp. of bhindati) 1. broken, broken up (lit. & fig.) Sn. 770 (nāvā); J. I, 98 (abhinna magga an unbroken path); III, 167 (uda-kumbha); PvA. 72 (°sarīra-cchavi).—2. (fig.) split, fallen into dissension, not agreeing D. III, 117=210, 171.—Usually in cpds. , & often to be translated by prep. “without,” e.g. bhinnahirottappa without shame.—Cp. sam°.

Pali book cover
context information

Pali is the language of the Tipiṭaka, which is the sacred canon of Theravāda Buddhism and contains much of the Buddha’s speech. Closeley related to Sanskrit, both languages are used interchangeably between religions.

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Marathi-English dictionary

Source: DDSA: The Molesworth Marathi and English Dictionary

bhinna (भिन्न).—n S In arithmetic. A fraction. bhinna-saṅkalana-vyavakalana-guṇana-bhājana Addition-subtraction-multiplication-division -of fractions. Applied also to Addition &c. of integers with fractions. bhinna-varga-ghana Square or cube of a fraction; bhinna- vargamūla, bhinnaghanamūla Square-root or cube-root of a fraction, and, with-parikarma added, as bhinnavargaparikarma &c., Extraction of the square-root of &c. bhinnapari- karmāṣṭaka The eight elementary rules of arithmetic of fractions.

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bhinna (भिन्न).—p (S) Divided, parted, sundered. 2 Separate, distinct, different. 3 Broken.

Source: DDSA: The Aryabhusan school dictionary, Marathi-English

bhinna (भिन्न).—p Divided; separate; broken, n A fraction.

context information

Marathi is an Indo-European language having over 70 million native speakers people in (predominantly) Maharashtra India. Marathi, like many other Indo-Aryan languages, evolved from early forms of Prakrit, which itself is a subset of Sanskrit, one of the most ancient languages of the world.

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Sanskrit dictionary

Source: DDSA: The practical Sanskrit-English dictionary

Bhinna (भिन्न).—p. p. [bhid-kta]

1) Broken, torn, split, rent; संछिन्नभिन्नसर्वाङ्गाः सर्त्विक्सभ्या भयाकुलाः । स्वयंभुवे नमस्कृत्य (saṃchinnabhinnasarvāṅgāḥ sartviksabhyā bhayākulāḥ | svayaṃbhuve namaskṛtya) Bhāg. 4.6.2.

2) Divided, separated.

3) Detached, disunited, disjoined; scattered; भिन्नं च वानरानीकम् (bhinnaṃ ca vānarānīkam) Rām.6.67.8.

4) Expanded, blown, opened; भिन्नैलासुरभिमुवाह गन्धवाहः (bhinnailāsurabhimuvāha gandhavāhaḥ) Kirātārjunīya 7.38.

5) Different from, other than (with abl.); तस्मादयं भिन्नः (tasmādayaṃ bhinnaḥ).

6) Different, varied; भिन्नरुचिर्हि लोकः (bhinnarucirhi lokaḥ) R.6. 3.

7) Loosened.

8) Mingled, mixed, blended; एकत्र स्फटिकतटांशुभिन्ननीरा नीलाश्मद्युतिभिदुराम्भसोऽपरत्र (ekatra sphaṭikataṭāṃśubhinnanīrā nīlāśmadyutibhidurāmbhaso'paratra) Śiśupālavadha 4.26.

9) Deviating from.

1) Changed.

11) Furious; दुरुक्तैर्भिन्न- मात्मानं यः समाधातुमीश्वरः (duruktairbhinna- mātmānaṃ yaḥ samādhātumīśvaraḥ) Bhāgavata 11.23.2.

12) Without, deprived of.

13) Undutiful, vicious; भिन्नवृत्तिता (bhinnavṛttitā) Manusmṛti 12. 33; नैतत् खलायोपदिशेत् (naitat khalāyopadiśet) ...... न भिन्नाय (na bhinnāya) Bhāgavata 3.32.39.

14) Stood up (as hair); खरोष्ट्राश्वतरा राजन् भिन्नरोमाः स्रवन्ति च (kharoṣṭrāśvatarā rājan bhinnaromāḥ sravanti ca) Rām.6.1.18.

15) Seduced, bribed; H. (See bhid).

-nnaḥ 1 A defect or flaw in a gem.

-nnam 1 A bit, fragment, part.

2) A blossom.

3) A wound, stab; शक्तिकुन्तेषुखड्गाग्रविषाणैराशयो हतः । यत् किंचित् प्रसवेत् तद्धि भिन्न- मित्यभिधीयते (śaktikunteṣukhaḍgāgraviṣāṇairāśayo hataḥ | yat kiṃcit prasavet taddhi bhinna- mityabhidhīyate) Bhāva. P.

4) A fraction.

Source: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Shabda-Sagara Sanskrit-English Dictionary

Bhinna (भिन्न).—mfn.

(-nnaḥ-nnā-nnaṃ) 1. Split, broken, torn, rent. 2. Divided, distinguished, other, different. 3. Separated, detached. 4. Blown, budded, opened. 5. Neglected, deviated from. 6. Loosened. 7. Pounded 8. Deprived of. 9. Furious, in rut, (as an elephant.) m.

(-nnaḥ) A flaw in a jewel. n.

(-nnaṃ) 1. A bit, a portion. 2. (In arithmetic,) A fraction. E. bhid to break, to divide, aff. kta .

Source: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Cappeller Sanskrit-English Dictionary

Bhinna (भिन्न).—[adjective] split, cleft, broken, destroyed, annihilated; loosened, opened, burst, blossomed; divided, disunited, seduced; changed, altered, distinct, different from ([ablative]); mingled, mixed with ([instrumental] or —°), cleaving or sticking to ([locative] or —°).

— [neuter] piece, fragment.

Source: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Monier-Williams Sanskrit-English Dictionary

1) Bhinna (भिन्न):—[from bhid] mfn. split, broken, shattered, pierced, destroyed, [Ṛg-veda] etc. etc.

2) [v.s. ...] leaky (as a ship), [Mahābhārata]

3) [v.s. ...] broken through, transgressed, violated, [Manu-smṛti; Mahābhārata] etc.

4) [v.s. ...] divided into parts, anything less than a whole, [Yājñavalkya; Kāvya literature] etc.

5) [v.s. ...] opened, expanded, blown, [Mahābhārata; Kāvya literature] etc.

6) [v.s. ...] detached, disjoined, loosened, [ib.]

7) [v.s. ...] interrupted, disturbed, [Bhartṛhari]

8) [v.s. ...] disclosed, betrayed, [Rāmāyaṇa]

9) [v.s. ...] disunited, set at variance, [Mahābhārata]

10) [v.s. ...] seduced, bribed, [Kāmandakīya-nītisāra; Hitopadeśa]

11) [v.s. ...] changed, altered, [Yājñavalkya; Suśruta]

12) [v.s. ...] distinct, different from or other than ([ablative] or [compound]), [Gṛhya-sūtra and śrauta-sūtra; Kāvya literature] etc.

13) [v.s. ...] deviating, abnormal, irregular, [Kāvya literature]

14) [v.s. ...] mixed or mingled with ([instrumental case] or [compound]), [ib.]

15) [v.s. ...] cleaving to ([locative case] or [compound]), [ib.]

16) [v.s. ...] = bhinna-karaṭa, [Mahābhārata i, 7006]

17) [v.s. ...] m. (in [arithmetic]) a fraction, [Līlāvatī of bhāskara]

18) Bhinnā (भिन्ना):—[from bhinna > bhid] f. Sanseviera Roxburghiana, [cf. Lexicographers, esp. such as amarasiṃha, halāyudha, hemacandra, etc.]

19) Bhinna (भिन्न):—[from bhid] n. a fragment, bit, portion, [Horace H. Wilson]

20) [v.s. ...] a wound from a pointed weapon, a stab, [Suśruta]

21) [v.s. ...] a [particular] mode of fighting, [Harivaṃśa]

Source: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Yates Sanskrit-English Dictionary

Bhinna (भिन्न):—[(nnaḥ-nnā-nnaṃ) a.] Split, divided; different; budded; neglected; connected. m. Flaw in a jewel. n. A bit; a fraction.

Source: DDSA: Paia-sadda-mahannavo; a comprehensive Prakrit Hindi dictionary (S)

Bhinna (भिन्न) in the Sanskrit language is related to the Prakrit word: Bhinna.

[Sanskrit to German]

Bhinna in German

context information

Sanskrit, also spelled संस्कृतम् (saṃskṛtam), is an ancient language of India commonly seen as the grandmother of the Indo-European language family (even English!). Closely allied with Prakrit and Pali, Sanskrit is more exhaustive in both grammar and terms and has the most extensive collection of literature in the world, greatly surpassing its sister-languages Greek and Latin.

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Hindi dictionary

Source: DDSA: A practical Hindi-English dictionary

Bhinna (भिन्न) [Also spelled bhinn]:—(a) separate, different, distinct; diverse, dissimilar; (nf) a fraction; -[bhinna] different; separate, various.

context information

...

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Prakrit-English dictionary

Source: DDSA: Paia-sadda-mahannavo; a comprehensive Prakrit Hindi dictionary

Bhinna (भिन्न) in the Prakrit language is related to the Sanskrit word: Bhinna.

context information

Prakrit is an ancient language closely associated with both Pali and Sanskrit. Jain literature is often composed in this language or sub-dialects, such as the Agamas and their commentaries which are written in Ardhamagadhi and Maharashtri Prakrit. The earliest extant texts can be dated to as early as the 4th century BCE although core portions might be older.

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Kannada-English dictionary

Source: Alar: Kannada-English corpus

Bhinna (ಭಿನ್ನ):—

1) [adjective] split or cracked into pieces; splintered, fractured, burst, etc.; broken.

2) [adjective] separated; kept away from; disjoined; interrupted.

3) [adjective] broken through; open.

4) [adjective] expanded; blown (as a flower).

5) [adjective] different; distinct.

6) [adjective] changed; altered.

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Bhinna (ಭಿನ್ನ):—

1) [noun] that which is broken, shattered.

2) [noun] a piece separated from a whole; a fragment.

3) [noun] a half of something.

4) [noun] a blemish or defect.

5) [noun] he who is destroyed.

6) [noun] a different man; a man other than one already referred to.

7) [noun] (math.) the process of finding how many times a number is contained in another number; division.

8) [noun] (mus.) a type of modes.

context information

Kannada is a Dravidian language (as opposed to the Indo-European language family) mainly spoken in the southwestern region of India.

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