Bheda, Bheḍā, Bheḍa: 49 definitions
Introduction:
Bheda means something in Buddhism, Pali, Hinduism, Sanskrit, Jainism, Prakrit, Marathi, Hindi. If you want to know the exact meaning, history, etymology or English translation of this term then check out the descriptions on this page. Add your comment or reference to a book if you want to contribute to this summary article.
Alternative spellings of this word include Bhed.
Images (photo gallery)
In Hinduism
Ayurveda (science of life)
Veterinary Medicine (The study and treatment of Animals)
Source: archive.org: The Elephant Lore of the HindusBheda (भेद) refers to the “differences” (in the elephants’ character), according to the 15th century Mātaṅgalīlā composed by Nīlakaṇṭha in 263 Sanskrit verses, dealing with elephantology in ancient India, focusing on the science of management and treatment of elephants.—[Cf. chapter 7-8, the differences (bheda) in their character and must] [sattvamadabhedāśca].
Unclassified Ayurveda definitions
Source: Wisdom Library: Āyurveda and botanyBheda (भेद, “explosion”):—The last of the six stages of Saṃprāpti (‘pathogenesis’).—It is a Sanskrit technical term used throughout Ayurvedic (India medicine) literature such as the Caraka-saṃhitā and the Suśruta-saṃhitā. Saṃprāpti is an important clue for medical diagnosis (nidāna).
Source: gurumukhi.ru: Ayurveda glossary of terms1) Bheda (भेद):—Splitting pain Breaking pain
2) This is the last stage of Kriyakala in which the disease may become chronic or incurable.
Source: Indian Journal of History of Science: Jvaranirnaya: a rare monograph on diagnosis of fevers from the pre-colonial eraBheda (भेद) refers to the “stage of differentiation (of fever)”, according to the Jvaranirṇaya: an Ayurvedic manuscript dealing exclusively with types of jvara (fevers) written by Sri Nārāyaṇa Paṇḍita in the 16th century CE.—The Upotghāta-prakaraṇa is the introductory section of the manuscript which deals with the evaluation of the disease with the help of six evaluating factors (ṣaḍnidāna) emphasising upaśaya (relieving factors). [...] The causes for endogenous fevers (nija-jvara) are explained in different stages like: [e.g., stage of differentiation (bheda)] [...]
Āyurveda (आयुर्वेद, ayurveda) is a branch of Indian science dealing with medicine, herbalism, taxology, anatomy, surgery, alchemy and related topics. Traditional practice of Āyurveda in ancient India dates back to at least the first millenium BC. Literature is commonly written in Sanskrit using various poetic metres.
Purana and Itihasa (epic history)
Source: archive.org: Nilamata Purana: a cultural and literary studyBheḍā (भेडा) is the name of a Goddess that was once worshipped in ancient Kashmir (Kaśmīra) as mentioned in the Nīlamatapurāṇa.—These Goddesses (e.g., Bheḍā) form the shining galaxy of female deities worshipped by the people of Kaśmīra.
Source: archive.org: Shiva Purana - English Translation1) Bheda (भेद) refers to “differentiations” which cease due to perfect knowledge (vijñāna), according to the Śivapurāṇa 2.1.12, while explaining details of worship:—“[...] Bhakti (devotion) is generated by worship and it gives birth to knowledge (jñāna). Knowledge (jñāna) leads to perfect knowledge (vijñāna) and realisation of the supreme Brahman (Parabrahman). When there is perfect knowledge, differentiations (bheda) cease altogether. When differentiation ceases, the misery of mutually clashing opposites (dvandvaduḥkha) vanishes. He who is free from the tangle of opposites and the miseries attendant on them assumes the form of Śiva (śivarūpa)”.
2) Bheda (भेद) refers to a “secret” (i.e., Śiva’s real secret), according to the Śivapurāṇa 2.2.43.—Accordingly, as Brahmā narrated to Nārada:—“[...] O sage, the lord (i.e., Śiva) is never unjust. The supreme Brahman is the goal of the good. How can He be deluded? What sorrow has He? How can he have other aberrations? Even Viṣṇu and I do not know His real secret (bheda—jānīvastadbhedaṃ). What then about others, the sages, gods, human beings and even Yogins”.
Source: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: The Purana Index1a) Bheda (भेद).—One of the upāyas; to be used against the wicked, the insolent and the proud; makes the enemy afraid of himself and brings him under his control; this upāya is praised by statesmen; the king must endeavour to practise this against the enemy through his cognates.*
- * Matsya-purāṇa 222. 2; 223, 1, 4, 15.
1b) A son of Ṛkṣa; had five sons, Mudgala and others among whom were distributed the kingdom later known as Pāñcāla.*
- * Vāyu-purāṇa 99. 195.
The Purana (पुराण, purāṇas) refers to Sanskrit literature preserving ancient India’s vast cultural history, including historical legends, religious ceremonies, various arts and sciences. The eighteen mahapuranas total over 400,000 shlokas (metrical couplets) and date to at least several centuries BCE.
Natyashastra (theatrics and dramaturgy)
Source: Wisdom Library: Nāṭya-śāstra1) Bheda (भेद, “dissention”) refers to one of the twenty-one sandhyantara, or “distinct characteristics of segments (sandhi)” according to the Nāṭyaśāstra chapter 21. The segments are divisions of the plot (itivṛtta or vastu) of a dramatic play (nāṭaka) and consist of sixty-four limbs, known collectively as the sandhyaṅga.
2) Bheda (भेद, “incitement”) refers to the ‘the hatching of’ a conspiracy. Bheda represents one of the twelve mukhasandhi, according to the Nāṭyaśāstra chapter 21. Mukhasandhi refers to the “segments (sandhi) of the opening part (mukha)” and represents one of the five segments of the plot (itivṛtta or vastu) of a dramatic composition (nāṭaka).
Source: archive.org: Natya ShastraBheda (भेद).—One of the twelve elements of the ‘introduction segment’ (mukhasandhi);—(Description:) That which is meant for disrupting an union is called Incitement (bheda).
Natyashastra (नाट्यशास्त्र, nāṭyaśāstra) refers to both the ancient Indian tradition (shastra) of performing arts, (natya—theatrics, drama, dance, music), as well as the name of a Sanskrit work dealing with these subjects. It also teaches the rules for composing Dramatic plays (nataka), construction and performance of Theater, and Poetic works (kavya).
Mīmāṃsā (school of philosophy)
Source: Srimatham: Mīmāṃsa: The Study of Hindu ExegesisBheda (भेद) refers to category of declaration on Brahman and Ātman.—Bheda-śruti refers to those affirming identity between Atman and Brahman.
Mimamsa (मीमांसा, mīmāṃsā) refers to one of the six orthodox Hindu schools of philosophy, emphasizing the nature of dharma and the philosophy of language. The literature in this school is also known for its in-depth study of ritual actions and social duties.
Vyakarana (Sanskrit grammar)
Source: Wikisource: A dictionary of Sanskrit grammarBheda (भेद).—Difference, differentiation; .cf. सति भेदे र्किचित्समानमिति कृत्वा सवर्णसंज्ञा भविष्यति (sati bhede rkicitsamānamiti kṛtvā savarṇasaṃjñā bhaviṣyati) M. Bh. on P. I.1.9, Vārt. 2.
Vyakarana (व्याकरण, vyākaraṇa) refers to Sanskrit grammar and represents one of the six additional sciences (vedanga) to be studied along with the Vedas. Vyakarana concerns itself with the rules of Sanskrit grammar and linguistic analysis in order to establish the correct context of words and sentences.
Jyotisha (astronomy and astrology)
Source: Wisdom Library: Brihat Samhita by Varahamihira1) Bheda (भेद) refers to an “abandonment” (of friendships), according to the Bṛhatsaṃhitā (chapter 9), an encyclopedic Sanskrit work written by Varāhamihira mainly focusing on the science of ancient Indian astronomy astronomy (Jyotiṣa).—Accordingly, “The three constellations from Svāti form the fourth maṇḍala; if Venus should reappear in it, mankind will be free from fear; the Brāhmins and Kṣatriyas will prosper and friends will turn into enemies [i.e., mitra-bheda]. If Venus, who so reappears in the said maṇḍala, should be crossed by a planet, the chiefs of the hunters will perish; the Ikṣvākus, the border Mlecchas, the people of Avantī and of Pulinda and the Śūrasenas will also perish”.
2) Bheda (भेद) refers to “tale-bearing”, according to the Bṛhatsaṃhitā (chapter 15).—Accordingly, “[...] Those who are born on the lunar day of Ārdrā will delight in killing, torturing, lying, in adultery, thieving, cheating and tale-bearing (bheda); will deal in pod-grains, black magic, sorcery and exorcism. [...]”.
3) Bheda (भेद) refers to one of the four types of Planetary Conjunctions (yuddha), according to the Bṛhatsaṃhitā (chapter 17) (“On planetary conjunctions—grahayuddha”), an encyclopedic Sanskrit work written by Varāhamihira mainly focusing on the science of ancient Indian astronomy astronomy (Jyotiṣa).—Accordingly, “The conjunctions of the planets are of four sorts known technically as—1. Bheda, 2. Ullekha, 3. Aṃśumardana, 4. Asavya, according as the planets are more and more distant from each other, as stated by Parāśara and other Ṛṣis. If the planets should be in Bheda conjuction there will be drought in the land; friends and persons of great families will turn into enemies; [...]”.
Note: This [bheda] conjunction occurs when the disc of one of the planets appears eclipsed by that of the other planet
Source: Wikibooks (hi): Sanskrit Technical TermsBheda (भेद).—Occultation of a star. Note: Bheda is a Sanskrit technical term used in ancient Indian sciences such as Astronomy, Mathematics and Geometry.
Jyotisha (ज्योतिष, jyotiṣa or jyotish) refers to ‘astronomy’ or “Vedic astrology” and represents the fifth of the six Vedangas (additional sciences to be studied along with the Vedas). Jyotisha concerns itself with the study and prediction of the movements of celestial bodies, in order to calculate the auspicious time for rituals and ceremonies.
Vedanta (school of philosophy)
Source: Shodhganga: Siva Gita A Critical StudyBheda (भेद) is of three types:—
- svagata-bheda or internal difference;
- sajātīya-bheda or difference which exists between two objects belonging to the same class;
- vijātīya-bheda or difference which exists between two objects belonging to different classes.
Vedanta (वेदान्त, vedānta) refers to a school of orthodox Hindu philosophy (astika), drawing its subject-matter from the Upanishads. There are a number of sub-schools of Vedanta, however all of them expound on the basic teaching of the ultimate reality (brahman) and liberation (moksha) of the individual soul (atman).
Vaishnavism (Vaishava dharma)
Source: Pure Bhakti: Brhad BhagavatamrtamBheda (भेद) refers to:—Difference; multiplicity. (cf. Glossary page from Śrī Bṛhad-bhāgavatāmṛta).
Source: The Annals of the Research Project Center for the Comparative Study of Logic: A Study of Rāmānuja’s TheologyBheda (भेद) refers to “distinct”, as opposed to Eka (“identical”), according to Koki Ishimoto in his paper, A Study of Rāmānuja’s Theology : Three Aspects of viśiṣṭatva of Brahman.—The qualifiers of Brahman are real. Spiritual and physical entities exist in reality as the body of Brahman. The body is different from Brahman. The two, however, are inseparably connected. In a sense they are identical (eka) with each other and in another sense they are distinct (bheda) from each other. Thus Brahman is said to be qualified by the body.
Vaishnava (वैष्णव, vaiṣṇava) or vaishnavism (vaiṣṇavism) represents a tradition of Hinduism worshipping Vishnu as the supreme Lord. Similar to the Shaktism and Shaivism traditions, Vaishnavism also developed as an individual movement, famous for its exposition of the dashavatara (‘ten avatars of Vishnu’).
Shaktism (Shakta philosophy)
Source: Google Books: Manthanabhairavatantram1) Bheda (भेद) refers to a “division”, according to the Ṣaṭsāhasrasaṃhitā, an expansion of the Kubjikāmatatantra: the earliest popular and most authoritative Tantra of the Kubjikā cult.—Accordingly, “The subtle condition arises progressively by following the gross path. The gross is said to be the Transmission (krama), while the subtle is within the End of the Twelve. It is where mount Śrīśaila is located, that is, above the Cavity of Brahmā. O far-famed one, this is called the Division (bheda), Cavity (randhra) or Hole (chidra)”.
2) Bheda (भेद) (Cf. Haṭhapāka) refers to “differentiation”, according to the Tantrāloka 3.259cd-262.—Accordingly, “The masters have said that the form (of consciousness) that transcends limiting conditions is of two types according to whether it comes about by the non-arising of limitations or by their cessation (praśama). Again, (their) cessation is of two kinds, according to whether it takes place peacefully or by a process of violent digestion (haṭha-pākakrama) brought about (in an instant by Bhairava) who is called the One Who Delights in Devouring Completely and whose nature is perpetually aflame. This (manner of) cessation, which is brought about by violent digestion, is the third type. It burns the fuel of differentiation (bheda) and is (particularly) worthy of being taught. All existing things consigned in an instant (haṭhata) to the fire that burns in the stomach of one's own consciousness abandon the division of relative distinctions and thus fuel it by their power.
Shakta (शाक्त, śākta) or Shaktism (śāktism) represents a tradition of Hinduism where the Goddess (Devi) is revered and worshipped. Shakta literature includes a range of scriptures, including various Agamas and Tantras, although its roots may be traced back to the Vedas.
Shaivism (Shaiva philosophy)
Source: Google Books: Manthanabhairavatantram (shaivism)Bheda (भेद) refers to the “duality (of being and non-being)”, according to the Mahānayaprakāśa by Arṇasiṃha (Cf. verse 182-197).—Accordingly, “The Siddhas shine everywhere, free of the duality (bheda-mukta) of being and non-being. They are the arising of the undivided perception of the energy of the outpouring of their own expansion (of consciousness)”.
Source: academia.edu: Religious Inclusivism in the Writings of an Early Modern Sanskrit Intellectual (Shaivism)Bheda (भेद) or Bhedavāda (Cf. Dvaitavāda) refers to the “dualist doctrine”.—In Abhinavagupta’s time and place, tantric Śaivism (mantramārga) was divided into two main branches: Śaiva Siddhānta―its main representatives being Sadyojyotis and Kashmirian theologians such as Bhaṭṭa Nārāyaṇakaṇṭha and his son Bhaṭṭa Rāmakaṇṭha II (or Rāmakaṇṭha)―and non-dualist, Śākta-oriented schools such as the Trika, on which relied most of Abhinavagupta’s exegesis. Both forms of tantric Śaivism essentially share a single ritual system, with the same elaborate procedures for initiation, consecration of officiants and worship. However, certain features set the two schools apart. While Śaiva Siddhānta adheres to a strictly dualist doctrine (dvaita-vāda, bheda-vāda) according to which Śiva is the efficient cause of the world and is distinct from souls and worlds, non-dualist schools hold that Śiva is ultimately non-different from the soul and that liberation is achieved not through ritual but through gnosis.
Source: Brill: Śaivism and the Tantric Traditions1) Bheda (भेद) refers to the “(nine) divisions [=syllables] (of the Vidyā)” [?], according to the Brahmayāmala-tantra verse 21.4-5.—Accordingly, “These are the nine ascetic observances, corresponding to [the syllables of] the Vidyā [i.e., vidyā-bheda—vidyābhede vyavasthitā] [, Caṇḍā Kāpālinī’s nine-syllable mantra]. I shall now teach you how to perform them correctly, O Mahādevī. Listen to me [while I] teach you”.
2) Bheda (भेद) refers to the “breaking (of the current body)”, according to the Svacchandatantra verse 4.141-145.—Accordingly, “[...] The other form [of bubhukṣu initiation] is the lokadharmiṇī, which destroys both past and future demerit. That lokadharmiṇī-dīkṣā is known to exclude the obligation to propitiate mantras [by means of purvasevā etc.]. However, when the current body breaks (prārabdha-deha-bheda), [the candidate] experiences [the series of eight supernatural natural powers] starting with becoming very small. Having experienced [these] enjoyments he moves upwards to whichever [cosmic level] the Guru has joined him [by yojanikā]. Whether this is at the sakala or niṣkala level [of Śiva] depends on [the preference of] the candidate and Guru”.
Shaiva (शैव, śaiva) or Shaivism (śaivism) represents a tradition of Hinduism worshiping Shiva as the supreme being. Closely related to Shaktism, Shaiva literature includes a range of scriptures, including Tantras, while the root of this tradition may be traced back to the ancient Vedas.
Shaiva philosophy
Source: Brill: Śaivism and the Tantric Traditions (philosophy)Bheda (भेद) refers to “(being) distinct (from the manifesting consciousness)”, according to the Īśvarapratyabhijñāvivṛtivimarśinī 2.129-130.—Accordingly, “Even [if] an external object [is] inferred [, it] can be talked about only insofar as it is being manifest, for if [it] were distinct (bheda) from the manifesting consciousness (prakāśa), since as a result it would not be manifest, [the awareness of] the very fact that the entity is inferred would amount to a state of stupor!”.
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Yoga (school of philosophy)
Source: Brill: Śaivism and the Tantric Traditions (yoga)Bheda (भेद) refers to a “difference”, according to the Amṛtasiddhi, a 12th-century text belonging to the Haṭhayoga textual tradition.—Accordingly, “Endowed with ten digits, in the middle of the sphere of the sun in the region of the stomach dwells fire, which digests food. Fire is the sun; the sun is fire. The two look almost the same [but] differ subtly (sūkṣma-bheda)”.
Source: ORA: Amanaska (king of all yogas): A Critical Edition and Annotated Translation by Jason BirchBheda (भेद) refers to “piercing” (the Chakras), according to the Amanaska Yoga treatise dealing with meditation, absorption, yogic powers and liberation.—Accordingly, as Īśvara says to Vāmadeva: “[...] There is no transition to the no-mind state because of piercing (bheda) [Cakras, knots, etc.] with lower and upper Kuṇḍalinī. Simply by [constant] immersion [of the mind in the internal gaze of Śāmbhavī Mudrā], this yoga bestows the supernatural powers. [...]”.
Yoga is originally considered a branch of Hindu philosophy (astika), but both ancient and modern Yoga combine the physical, mental and spiritual. Yoga teaches various physical techniques also known as āsanas (postures), used for various purposes (eg., meditation, contemplation, relaxation).
Pancaratra (worship of Nārāyaṇa)
Source: archive.org: Catalogue of Pancaratra Agama TextsBheda (भेद) refers to one of the three kinds of Release (Mukti or Mokṣa), as discussed in chapter 8 (Jñānapāda) of the Padmasaṃhitā: the most widely followed of Saṃhitā covering the entire range of concerns of Pāñcarātra doctrine and practice (i.e., the four-fold formulation of subject matter—jñāna, yoga, kriyā and caryā) consisting of roughly 9000 verses.—Description of the chapter [tapoviśeṣa-kathana]: [...] There follows then a discussion of the eight-fold process which is helpful to follow in obtaining release. But so long only as one remains devoted to the Lord will this release come as the gift of His grace. Release itself is of three kinds: bheda, abheda and miśra—and one or another of these kinds is granted to the soul that aspires after it (20-35a). [...]
Pancaratra (पाञ्चरात्र, pāñcarātra) represents a tradition of Hinduism where Narayana is revered and worshipped. Closeley related to Vaishnavism, the Pancaratra literature includes various Agamas and tantras incorporating many Vaishnava philosophies.
In Buddhism
Tibetan Buddhism (Vajrayana or tantric Buddhism)
Source: academia.edu: The Structure and Meanings of the Heruka MaṇḍalaBheḍa (भेड) is the name of a Vīra (hero) who, together with the Ḍākinī named Bheḍī forms one of the 36 pairs situated in the Medinīcakra, according to the 10th century Ḍākārṇava chapter 15. Accordingly, the medinīcakra refers to one of the three divisions of the dharma-puṭa (‘dharma layer’), situated in the Herukamaṇḍala. The 36 pairs of Ḍākinīs and Vīras [viz., Bheḍa] are yellow in color; the shapes of their faces are in accordance with their names; they have four arms; they hold a skull bowl, a skull staff, a small drum, and a knife.
Source: MDPI Books: The Ocean of HeroesBhinnā (भिन्ना) refers to the “difference” (in name and quality), according to the 10th-century Ḍākārṇava-tantra: one of the last Tibetan Tantric scriptures belonging to the Buddhist Saṃvara tradition consisting of 51 chapters.—Accordingly: [while explaining the body circle (kāyacakra)]: “[...] Nevertheless, on the circles of the husbands and others (consort goddesses), all of them are visualized as the Victors during the Fortunate Aeon, [in number], differentiated by difference (bheda-bhinnā) in [their] names and qualities, in the nature of the Emanation Body. [...]”.
Tibetan Buddhism includes schools such as Nyingma, Kadampa, Kagyu and Gelug. Their primary canon of literature is divided in two broad categories: The Kangyur, which consists of Buddha’s words, and the Tengyur, which includes commentaries from various sources. Esotericism and tantra techniques (vajrayāna) are collected indepently.
In Jainism
General definition (in Jainism)
Source: Encyclopedia of Jainism: Tattvartha Sutra 5: The category of the non-livingBheda (भेद, “division”) according to the 2nd-century Tattvārthasūtra 5.24.—“Sound (śabda), union (bandha), fineness (saukṣmya), grossness (sthaulya), shape (saṃsthāna), division (bheda), darkness (tamas or andhakāra), image (chāya or chāyā), warm light (sunshine) (ātapa) and cool light (moonlight) (udyota) also (are forms of matter)”.
How many types of divisions (bheda) are there? There are six types of division namely utkara, cūrṇa, khaṇḍa, cūrṇika, pratara, anucaṭana.
According to Tattvārthasūtra 5.26, “(Molecules) are formed by division (fission), union (fusion) and division-cum-union”.—What is meant by division or fission (bheda)? Splitting of an aggregate is called fission. How does fusion (saṃghāta) and fission (bheda) together create an aggregate (skandha)? When one aggregate separates or is divided into sub aggregate and one of such divisions combine with another aggregate, then we get a new aggregate by fusion and fission.
Source: Shodhganga: A study of the philosophy of JainismBheda (भेद) refers to one of the manifestations of matter or pudgala.—Bheda is of six types, viz., (i) utkara—sawing a piece of wood; (ii) cūrṇa—grinding of wheat into flour; (iii) khaṇḍa—separate parts of a broken pitcher; (iv) cūrṇikā—separation of chaff from rice;(v) pratara—dividing mica into many layers and (vi) aṇucaṭana—causing spark of fire to fly out from a glowing ball of iron etc.
Source: The University of Sydney: A study of the Twelve Reflections1) Bheda (भेद) refers to the “difference (in characteristics)” (of breath-control), according to the 11th century Jñānārṇava, a treatise on Jain Yoga in roughly 2200 Sanskrit verses composed by Śubhacandra.—Accordingly, “Breath control is praised by mendicants, whose own opinions are well-established, for the accomplishment of meditation and for steadiness of the inner self. Therefore, it should be learned directly and before [meditation] by the wise. Otherwise, even a little mastering of the mind cannot be done. It is considered by the teachers of old as threefold in accordance with the difference in characteristics (lakṣaṇa-bheda). There is inhalation, holding and, immediately after that, exhalation”.
2) Bheda (भेद) refers to the “difference” (between the body and the Self), according to the Yaśastilaka Campū verse 2.215-216.—Accordingly, “The Self is by nature deathless and without any beginning, endowed with bliss and infinite power, and luminous and pure. The powerful flames of sinful Karma heat it, like mercury, after lodging it in the body. Under the intoxicating power of Karma, even a man of superior merit goes reeling down to unhappy births. Se [sic] let the wise, who know the cardinal difference between the body and the Self (parama-bheda-vid—paramabhedavido vidagdhāḥ), strive for the bliss that is free from rebirth”.
Source: academia.edu: The Original Paṇhavāyaraṇa/Praśnavyākaraṇa DiscoveredBheda (भेद) refers to the “varieties (of living beings)”, as taught in the Paṇhavāgaraṇa (Sanskrit: Praśnavyākaraṇa): the tenth Anga of the Jain canon which deals with the prophetic explanation of queries regarding divination.—The Praśnavyākaraṇa deals with the praśnavidyā in a rather complex way. It is divided into at least 33 short chapters [e.g., jīva-saṃjñā-bheda-prakaraṇa], some of which are further divided into sub-chapters. Some contents of the text, mainly those related with articulation and pronunciation can have significance far beyond the scope of the praśnavidyā.
Jainism is an Indian religion of Dharma whose doctrine revolves around harmlessness (ahimsa) towards every living being. The two major branches (Digambara and Svetambara) of Jainism stimulate self-control (or, shramana, ‘self-reliance’) and spiritual development through a path of peace for the soul to progess to the ultimate goal.
Languages of India and abroad
Pali-English dictionary
Source: BuddhaSasana: Concise Pali-English Dictionarybheda : (m.) breach; disunion; dissension.
Source: Sutta: The Pali Text Society's Pali-English DictionaryBheda, (fr. bhid, cp. Ved. & Class. Sk. bheda in same meanings) 1. breaking, rending, breach, disunion, dissension Vism. 64 sq. (contrasted with ānisaṃsa), 572 sq. (with ref. to upādāna & bhava); VbhA. 185 (id.); Sdhp. 66, 457, 463.—mithu° breaking of alliance D. II, 76; J. IV, 184; Kvu 314.—vacī° breaking of (the rule as to) speech Miln. 231.—saṅgha° disunion in the Saṅgha Vin. II, 203.—sīla° breach of morality J. V, 163.—Abl. bhedā after the destruction or dissolution in phrase kāyassa bhedā param maraṇā, i.e. after the breaking up of the body & after death: see kāya I. e. & cp. D. III, 52, 146 sq. , 258; Dh. 140; Pug. 51.—2. (-°) sort, kind, as adj. consisting of, like J. II, 438; VI, 3 (kaṭuk’ādi°); DhA. III, 14 (kāya-sucarit’—ādi°-bhadra-kammāni); SnA 290 (Avīci-ādi-° niraya).
Pali is the language of the Tipiṭaka, which is the sacred canon of Theravāda Buddhism and contains much of the Buddha’s speech. Closeley related to Sanskrit, both languages are used interchangeably between religions.
Marathi-English dictionary
Source: DDSA: The Molesworth Marathi and English Dictionarybhēḍa (भेड).—a (Poetry.) Timid, fearful, cowardly.
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bhēda (भेद).—m (S) Dividing, separating, severing, sundering, parting. v kara. 2 Divided or separated state. 3 Separateness, separate or distinct state. 4 Difference or diversity gen. 5 Distinguishing, discriminating, noting the diversity of. v kara. 6 A division or distinction; a species, kind, variety (included with others under some genus or head). Ex. vināśa jyācī uttara avasthā bhēda sata kāyī How is that species or kind true (real) of which the end is destruction? 7 Disunion, disagreement, variance. 8 Sowing dissension; breaking the unanimity of allies or confederates. One of the four means of success against an opponent. See sāma, dāma, daṇḍa. 9 Turning (as from a pursuit or purpose); causing change (of mind &c.): also turned or changed state. Ex. hā cākarīsa kabūla jhālā hōtā tumhī hyācā bhēda kēlā mhaṇūna rāhīnā- sā jhālā. 10 Secrets, arcana, secret matters. Ex. hā śāhaṇā āhē tyā rājyāntalā bhēda kāḍhūna ā- ṇīla. 11 In the fourth signification, viz. that of Difference or otherness, bhēda is much and elegantly used in comp. as arthabhēda, śabdabhēda, bhāṣā- bhēda, matabhēda, dharmabhēda, dēśabhēda, dēhabhēda, sthalabhēda, gṛhabhēda, śāstrabhēda. Compounds of this class are highly serviceable, esp. to translators; but, as from the specimens now given their signification and usus are sufficiently intelligible, and as they lie subject to the creating will upon every occasion and to any amount, none are to be looked for in the columns of the dictionary. 12 In philosophy. Difference or otherness. Distinguished into svagata- bhēda, sajātīyabhēda, vijātīyabhēda, Diversity within itself; (as a whole is diverse from its parts, and yet is but its parts aggregately;) diversity of individuals of one species, genus, or order; diversity of things of one class from things of another class.
Source: DDSA: The Aryabhusan school dictionary, Marathi-Englishbhēḍa (भेड).—a (In Poetry.) Timid, fearful.
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bhēda (भेद).—m Dividing; difference; variance. Secrets. A distiction.
Marathi is an Indo-European language having over 70 million native speakers people in (predominantly) Maharashtra India. Marathi, like many other Indo-Aryan languages, evolved from early forms of Prakrit, which itself is a subset of Sanskrit, one of the most ancient languages of the world.
Sanskrit dictionary
Source: DDSA: The practical Sanskrit-English dictionaryBheḍa (भेड).—[bhī-ḍa tasya netvam]
1) A ram, sheep.
2) A raft, float.
-ḍī A ewe.
Derivable forms: bheḍaḥ (भेडः).
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Bheda (भेद).—[bhid ghañ]
1) Breaking; splitting, cleaving; hitting (as a mark).
2) Rending, tearing.
3) Dividing, separating.
4) Piercing through, perforation.
5) (a) Breach, rupture. (b) Breaking open, bursting; V.2.7.
6) Disturbance, interruption.
7) Division, separation.
8) A chasm, gap, fissure, cleft.
9) A hurt, injury, wound.
1) Difference, distinction; तयोर्न भेदप्रतिपत्तिरस्ति मे (tayorna bhedapratipattirasti me) Bhartṛhari 3. 99; अगौरवभेदेन (agauravabhedena) Kumārasambhava 6.12; Bhagavadgītā (Bombay) 18.19,22. रस°, काल° (rasa°, kāla°) &c.; भेदाभेदयोर्भेदो ग्रहीतव्यः (bhedābhedayorbhedo grahītavyaḥ) ŚB. on MS.1.6.3.
11) A change, modification; न बुद्धिभेदं जनयेदज्ञानां कर्मसङ्गिनाम् (na buddhibhedaṃ janayedajñānāṃ karmasaṅginām) Bhagavadgītā (Bombay) 3.26.
12) Dissension, disunion.
13) Disclosure, betrayal; as in रहस्यभेदः (rahasyabhedaḥ).
14) Treachery, treason; भेदाधीनं कृतं शत्रोः सैन्यं शत्रुबलं स्मृतम् (bhedādhīnaṃ kṛtaṃ śatroḥ sainyaṃ śatrubalaṃ smṛtam) Śukra.4.876.
15) A kind, variety; भेदाः पद्मशङ्खादयो निधेः (bhedāḥ padmaśaṅkhādayo nidheḥ) Ak.; शिरीषपुष्पभेदः (śirīṣapuṣpabhedaḥ) &c.
16) Dualism.
17) (In politics) Sowing dissensions in an enemy's party and thus winning him over to one's side, one of the four Upāyas or means of success against an enemy; see उपाय (upāya) and उपायचतुष्टय (upāyacatuṣṭaya); परम्परं तु ये द्विष्टाः क्रुद्धभीतावमानिताः । तेषां भेदं प्रयुञ्जीत परमं दर्शयेद् भयम् (paramparaṃ tu ye dviṣṭāḥ kruddhabhītāvamānitāḥ | teṣāṃ bhedaṃ prayuñjīta paramaṃ darśayed bhayam) || Agni P.
18) Defeat.
19) (In medicine) Evacuation of the bowels.
2) Shooting pain (in the limbs).
21) Paralysis.
22) Contraction.
23) A conjunction of the planets.
24) The hypotenuse of a right-angled triangle.
Derivable forms: bhedaḥ (भेदः).
Source: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Edgerton Buddhist Hybrid Sanskrit DictionaryBheda (भेद).—a martial art, = bhedya; associated with cheda, q.v.: Mahāvastu ii.74.2.
Source: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Shabda-Sagara Sanskrit-English DictionaryBheḍa (भेड).—m.
(-ḍaḥ) 1. A ram, a sheep. 2. A raft, a float. 3. The name of a saint. f. (-ḍī) An ewe. E. bhil a Sautra root, to separate, aff. ac, and la changed to ḍa; also with kan added, bheḍaka .
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Bheda (भेद).—m.
(-daḥ) 1. Dividing, separating. 2. Tearing, rending, breaking, &c. 3. Distinction, kind, sort, species, difference. 4. Disunion, disagreement. 5. Sowing dissension, breaking the unanimity of confederates, one of the means of success against an opponent. 6. Chasm, cleft. 7. Change. 8. Hitting, (as a mark.) 9. Disclosure. 10. Dualism, (in phil.) 11. Evacuation of the bowels, (in medicine.) E. bhid to divide, aff. ghañ .
Source: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Benfey Sanskrit-English DictionaryBheḍa (भेड).—m. A ram.
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Bheda (भेद).—i. e. bhid + a, m. 1. Breaking, [Vikramorvaśī, (ed. Bollensen.)] [distich] 26. 2. Dividir division, [Pañcatantra] 248, 19. 3. Separatir Panc. 156, 19; separation, [Hitopadeśa] pr. 9, M. M. 4. A chasm, a fissure, a cle- [Vikramorvaśī, (ed. Bollensen.)] 69, 8; a wound, [Hitopadeśa] ii. [distich] 1. (and betrayal). 5. Creating divisions [Mānavadharmaśāstra] 7, 198. 6. Disunion; [Pañcatantra] iv. [distich] 74. 7. Betrayal, [Pañcatantra] 65, 19. 8. Difference, [Pañcatantra] 199, 20. 9. Kind, [Hitopadeśa] iv. [distich] 124.
Source: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Cappeller Sanskrit-English DictionaryBheḍa (भेड).—[masculine] ī [feminine] a man’s & woman’s name.
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Bheda (भेद).—[masculine] breaking, splitting, breach, division, separation, seduction, winning over (of another’s ally), interruption, disturbance, hurt, injury; bursting, expanding, blossoming; alteration, change, difference; fissure, cleft, pudendum muliebre; part, portion; species, variety.
Source: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Aufrecht Catalogus Catalogorum1) Bheḍa (भेड) as mentioned in Aufrecht’s Catalogus Catalogorum:—mentioned as a lexicographer Oxf. 352^a.
2) Bheḍa (भेड):—mentioned as a medical author by Vāgbhaṭa in Sūtrasthāna 1.
Source: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Monier-Williams Sanskrit-English Dictionary1) Bheda (भेद):—[from bhid] a etc. See p.766.
2) Bheḍa (भेड):—m. a ram, [cf. Lexicographers, esp. such as amarasiṃha, halāyudha, hemacandra, etc.] (cf. eḍa, bheḍra and bheṇḍa)
3) a raft, float, [cf. Lexicographers, esp. such as amarasiṃha, halāyudha, hemacandra, etc.] (cf. bhela)
4) Name of a lexicographer and a physician, [Catalogue(s)]
5) of a Ṛṣi, [cf. Lexicographers, esp. such as amarasiṃha, halāyudha, hemacandra, etc.]
6) Bheda (भेद):—b m. (√bhid) breaking, splitting, cleaving, rending, tearing, piercing (also pass. the being broken etc.), [Kātyāyana-śrauta-sūtra; Yājñavalkya; Mahābhārata; Kāvya literature] etc.
7) breaking open, disclosing, divulging, betrayal (of a secret cf. rahasya-bh)
8) bursting asunder, opening, gaping, parting asunder, [Bhāgavata-purāṇa; Suśruta]
9) bursting forth or out, expanding, blossoming, shooting out, sprouting, [Kālidāsa; Bālarāmāyaṇa]
10) a cleft, fissure, chasm (cf. śilā-bh; [dual number] pudendum muliebre), [Ṛg-veda]
11) rupture, breach, hurt, injury, seduction, [Kāmandakīya-nītisāra; Mahābhārata; Kathāsaritsāgara]
12) shooting pain (in the limbs), paralysis (cf. ardhabh), [Suśruta]
13) separation, division, partition, part, portion, [Kāvya literature; Purāṇa]
14) distinction, difference, kind, sort, species, variety, [???; Upaniṣad; Mahābhārata] etc.
15) disturbance, interruption, violation, dissolution, [Ṛgveda-prātiśākhya; Kātyāyana-śrauta-sūtra; Sāhitya-darpaṇa]
16) disuniting, winning over to one’s side by sowing dissension (cf. upāya), [Manu-smṛti; Yājñavalkya; Kāmandakīya-nītisāra]
17) disunion, schism, dissension between ([instrumental case]) or in ([compound]), [Mahābhārata; Varāha-mihira; Rājataraṅgiṇī]
18) change, alteration, modification, [Mahābhārata; Śakuntalā]
19) contraction (cf. bhrūbh)
20) evacuation (of the bowels), [Śārṅgadhara-saṃhitā]
21) (in [astronomy]) a [particular] crossing or conjunction of the planets
22) one of the ways in which an eclipse ends (cf. kukṣi-bh)
23) (in [mathematics]) the hypothenuse of a right-angled triangle
24) (in [dramatic language]) = saṃhati-bhedana, or = protsāhana, [Sāhitya-darpaṇa]
25) (in [philosophy]) dualism, duality (cf. [compound])
26) Name of a man, [Atharva-veda]
27) [plural] Name of a people, [Ṛg-veda]
Source: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Yates Sanskrit-English Dictionary1) Bheḍa (भेड):—(ḍaḥ) 1. m. A ram, a sheep; a raft; name of a sage.
2) Bheda (भेद):—(daḥ) 1. m. Dividing, breaking; disunion, difference; kind.
Source: DDSA: Paia-sadda-mahannavo; a comprehensive Prakrit Hindi dictionary (S)Bheda (भेद) in the Sanskrit language is related to the Prakrit word: Bhea.
[Sanskrit to German]
Sanskrit, also spelled संस्कृतम् (saṃskṛtam), is an ancient language of India commonly seen as the grandmother of the Indo-European language family (even English!). Closely allied with Prakrit and Pali, Sanskrit is more exhaustive in both grammar and terms and has the most extensive collection of literature in the world, greatly surpassing its sister-languages Greek and Latin.
Hindi dictionary
Source: DDSA: A practical Hindi-English dictionary1) Bheḍa (भेड):—(nf) a sheep; timid person; -[cāla] the tendency of following blindly in others' footsteps; mob-mentality.
2) Bheḍā (भेडा):—(nm) a ram.
3) Bheda (भेद) [Also spelled bhed]:—(nm) a secret; difference, distinction; discrimination; divergence; division, schism, split; variety, kind, type; ~[ka/kāraka] differentiating, distinguishing; one who or that which differentiates/discriminates/distinguishes; -[nīti] policy of discrimination/differentiation; policy of winning over to one’s side by causing dissension; -[buddhi] schism; discrimination, differentiation; perception of a difference or distinction; -[bhāva] discrimination; differentiation; -[karanā] to make a difference; -[kī bāta] a secret; -[kholanā] to let the cat out of the bag; -[denā] to leak-out a secret; -[pānā] to know the secret of; -[lenā] to sound, to try to know the reality the secret.
...
Prakrit-English dictionary
Source: DDSA: Paia-sadda-mahannavo; a comprehensive Prakrit Hindi dictionaryBheḍa (भेड) in the Prakrit language is related to the Sanskrit word: Bhera.
Prakrit is an ancient language closely associated with both Pali and Sanskrit. Jain literature is often composed in this language or sub-dialects, such as the Agamas and their commentaries which are written in Ardhamagadhi and Maharashtri Prakrit. The earliest extant texts can be dated to as early as the 4th century BCE although core portions might be older.
Kannada-English dictionary
Source: Alar: Kannada-English corpusBhēda (ಭೇದ):—
1) [noun] the act of breaking (into pieces).
2) [noun] the act of tearing (into pieces).
3) [noun] the act of dividing.
4) [noun] a long, deep, narrow split, found on the surface; a rift; a crack.
5) [noun] an injury, damaging the tissue breaking of the skin caused by a blow, stroke of a weapon, etc. or dashing against hard substance, etc.; a wound.
6) [noun] a distributing of something divided; distribution; apportionment.
7) [noun] the degree by which one differs from another; the fact of being dissimilar and the extent of this; difference.
8) [noun] a kind, type or sort.
9) [noun] a divulging of a secret or a secret being divulged; disclosure; divulgence.
10) [noun] the act or process of changing, substitution, alteration or variation; a change.
11) [noun] difference between the opinions of two persons; the condition of having divurgent opinions.
12) [noun] a person who hates another intensely; a foe; an enemy.
13) [noun] the state, fact or feeling of being two or being different from another; duality.
14) [noun] evacuation of bowels; a passing of waste matters from the large intestine; defecation.
15) [noun] a large scale agitation (in a society).
16) [noun] emotional disburbance (within oneself).
17) [noun] the fact of being defeated; a defeat.
18) [noun] a sudden, sharp pain caused by involuntary contraction of a muscle or muscles from chill, strain, etc.; cramp.
19) [noun] a either temporary or permanent loss or impairment of voluntary movement, sensation in a body part; paralysis.
20) [noun] a contracting, compressing or being contracted, compressed; contraction.
21) [noun] (astrol. astron.) a conjugation of a few planets.
22) [noun] water.
23) [noun] (in politics) an expediency of causing difference of opinions among the opponents, thus breaking of their strength.
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Bhēda (ಭೇದ):—
1) [noun] the plant Sida cordifolia ( = S. carpinifolia) of Molvaceae family.
2) [noun] the pea plant Vigna unguiculata ( = V. catjang, = V. sinensis, = Dolichos sinensis, = D. catjang) of papilionaceae family.
3) [noun] its edible pea; cow pea.
Kannada is a Dravidian language (as opposed to the Indo-European language family) mainly spoken in the southwestern region of India.
Nepali dictionary
Source: unoes: Nepali-English Dictionary1) Bheḍā (भेडा):—n. (pl. of भेडो [bheḍo] ) 1. a collection of sheep and goats; 2. derog. a term used contemptuously for sexually explicit persons;
2) Bheda (भेद):—n. 1. difference; distinction; peculiarity; 2. kind; species; 3. splitting; separating; penetrating; 4. revealing; disclosing; 5. division; breach; rupture; fissure; 6. secret matter; mystery; 7. piece; portion; 8. charm; witchcraft; 9. magic;
Nepali is the primary language of the Nepalese people counting almost 20 million native speakers. The country of Nepal is situated in the Himalaya mountain range to the north of India.
See also (Relevant definitions)
Starts with (+82): Bheda-jhar, Bhedaa, Bhedaa-jhaar, Bhedabakhra, Bhedabhava, Bhedabheda, Bhedabhedau, Bhedabhedavada, Bhedabhedavadin, Bhedabhinna, Bhedabuddhi, Bhedada, Bhedadarpana, Bhedadarshana, Bhedadarshi, Bhedadarshin, Bhedadevi, Bhedadhikkara, Bhedadhikkaranyakkara, Bhedadhikkaranyakkarahumkriti.
Ends with (+308): Abheda, Abhinirbheda, Abhiprayabheda, Abhrabheda, Acarabheda, Acharabheda, Achintya Bheda Abheda, Adharabheda, Adhikaribheda, Agnibheda, Ahankarabheda, Akkharapabheda, Akshabheda, Amhubheda, Amtahprabheda, Amtaraprabheda, Amtargatabheda, Amtimaprabheda, Anandabheda, Angabheda.
Full-text (+658): Mitrabheda, Svarabheda, Matabheda, Prabheda, Marmabheda, Paribheda, Sambheda, Vibheda, Putabheda, Silabheda, Tvagbheda, Abheda, Panktibheda, Pashanabheda, Shabdabheda, Lakshyabheda, Jnatibheda, Bhedabheda, Pratibheda, Parvabheda.
Relevant text
Search found 184 books and stories containing Bheda, Bheḍā, Bhēda, Bhēḍa, Bheḍa; (plurals include: Bhedas, Bheḍās, Bhēdas, Bhēḍas, Bheḍas). You can also click to the full overview containing English textual excerpts. Below are direct links for the most relevant articles:
Rig Veda (translation and commentary) (by H. H. Wilson)
Garga Samhita (English) (by Danavir Goswami)
Verse 4.1.47 < [Chapter 1 - The Story of the Personified Vedas]
Verse 2.15.32 < [Chapter 15 - Description of Śrī Rādhā-Kṛṣṇa’s Falling in Love]
Verse 5.4.24 < [Chapter 4 - The Journey to Śrī Mathurā]
Bhagavad-gita (with Vaishnava commentaries) (by Narayana Gosvami)
Verse 18.29 < [Chapter 18 - Mokṣa-yoga (the Yoga of Liberation)]
Verse 3.26 < [Chapter 3 - Karma-yoga (Yoga through the Path of Action)]
Verse 17.7 < [Chapter 17 - Śraddhā-traya-vibhāga-yoga]
Sivaprakasam (Study in Bondage and Liberation) (by N. Veerappan)
Means of release in Dvaita philosophy < [Chapter 6 - Means to Release]
Interpretations of the Mahavakyas by Shri Shankara < [Chapter 5 - Concept of Advatia]
Interpretations of the Mahavakyas by Shri Madhva < [Chapter 5 - Concept of Advatia]
Notices of Sanskrit Manuscripts (by Rajendralala Mitra)
Chandogya Upanishad (Madhva commentary) (by Srisa Chandra Vasu)
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