Bhautika: 20 definitions
Introduction:
Bhautika means something in Buddhism, Pali, Hinduism, Sanskrit, Jainism, Prakrit, Marathi, Hindi. If you want to know the exact meaning, history, etymology or English translation of this term then check out the descriptions on this page. Add your comment or reference to a book if you want to contribute to this summary article.
Alternative spellings of this word include Bhautik.
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In Hinduism
Purana and Itihasa (epic history)
Bhautika (भौतिक).—See Vaidyuta—one of the three fires originating in waters.*
- * Brahmāṇḍa-purāṇa II. 24. 6; Vāyu-purāṇa 53. 5.
The Purana (पुराण, purāṇas) refers to Sanskrit literature preserving ancient India’s vast cultural history, including historical legends, religious ceremonies, various arts and sciences. The eighteen mahapuranas total over 400,000 shlokas (metrical couplets) and date to at least several centuries BCE.
Shaktism (Shakta philosophy)
Bhautika (भौतिक) refers to “one who observses a stage like that of a gṛhasta”, according to the 16th century Śaivāgamaparibhāṣāmañjarī, a compendium of extracts from the Siddhāntāgamas written by Siddhāntin Vedajñāna.—[...] The recognized observances (āśrama) are that of the householder, the mendicant monk (bhikṣu), the brahmacārin and the forest dwelling ascetic, but this basic list is qualified by dichotomies within each of the observances and, moreover, by categories that are superimposed on the aforementioned four:... [...] He who, on the contrary, considers his observance to be a stage towards that of a gṛhasta, is then a bhautika
Shakta (शाक्त, śākta) or Shaktism (śāktism) represents a tradition of Hinduism where the Goddess (Devi) is revered and worshipped. Shakta literature includes a range of scriptures, including various Agamas and Tantras, although its roots may be traced back to the Vedas.
Ayurveda (science of life)
Agriculture (Krishi) and Vrikshayurveda (study of Plant life)
Bhautika (भौतिक) [=pāñcabhautika] refers to the “five elementary matters” associated with the Rasa (“watery juice”) part of a plant; and represents a technical term related to the morphology branch of “plant science”, which ultimately involves the study of life history of plants, including its origin and development, their external and internal structures and the relation of the members of the plant body with one another.—The vṛkṣāṅga-sūtrīya-adhyāya, i.e., the chapter of the bījotpatti-kāṇḍa of Parāśara’s Vṛkṣāyurveda deals with various parts of plants. [...] The ‘rasa’ is to be conceived (according to the sāṃkhya-darana of Indian philosophy) right from the basic invisible matter (avyaktabhāva-tanmātra). Now this rasa as perceptibly present (vyaktibhāva-rasa) in the plant life has its origin in water (udaka) [=yonirudaka]. It nourishes the plant organs with all the derivatives of five ‘pāñca-bhautika’ elementary matters, viz. kṣiti, āp, teja, vāyu and ākāśa.
Āyurveda (आयुर्वेद, ayurveda) is a branch of Indian science dealing with medicine, herbalism, taxology, anatomy, surgery, alchemy and related topics. Traditional practice of Āyurveda in ancient India dates back to at least the first millenium BC. Literature is commonly written in Sanskrit using various poetic metres.
In Buddhism
Mahayana (major branch of Buddhism)
Bhautika (भौतिक) refers to the “(four main) elements”, according to the Gaganagañjaparipṛcchā: the eighth chapter of the Mahāsaṃnipāta (a collection of Mahāyāna Buddhist Sūtras).—Accordingly, “How then, son of good family, the Bodhisattva, having accumulated immeasurable merits, nourishes all living beings? [...] [He thinks:] ‘Just as the four main elements (cātur-mahā-bhautika) in the external world nourish all living beings, may the four main elements belonging to me nourish all living beings! May there be in me no root of good connecting with the efficiency in knowledge of the dharma that does not support all living beings! Thus the roots of good will be transformed by me’”.
Mahayana (महायान, mahāyāna) is a major branch of Buddhism focusing on the path of a Bodhisattva (spiritual aspirants/ enlightened beings). Extant literature is vast and primarely composed in the Sanskrit language. There are many sūtras of which some of the earliest are the various Prajñāpāramitā sūtras.
General definition (in Buddhism)
Bhautika (भौतिक) or Pañcabhautika refers to the “five qualities” as defined in the Dharma-saṃgraha (section 40):
- rūpa (form),
- śabda (sound),
- gandha (smell),
- rasa (taste),
- sparśa (tangible).
The Dharma-samgraha (Dharmasangraha) is an extensive glossary of Buddhist technical terms in Sanskrit (e.g., bhautika). The work is attributed to Nagarjuna who lived around the 2nd century A.D.
In Jainism
Jain philosophy
Bhautika (भौतिक) or Bhautikavāda refers to “(the doctrine on the) materialism”.—The Śāstravārtāsamuccaya by Haribhadra Sūri’s is not a compendium of philosophical systems (darśana) but a comprehensive account (samuccaya) of doctrinal (śāstra) expositions (vārtā/vārttā) or simply doctrines (vāda). The Śāstravārtāsamuccaya (also, Śāstravārttāsamuccaya) is subdivided into stabakas, chapters or sections, for example: Bhautika-vāda—on the materialism of Cārvāka or Lokāyata.
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Languages of India and abroad
Marathi-English dictionary
bhautika (भौतिक).—a S by vulgar mistake bhauktika a Relating to the malignant spirits called bhūta. 2 Relating to the five elements, elemental, material. 3 Relating to the universe or elemental combinations (in Vedantik verity, the expansion of brahma).
bhautika (भौतिक).—a Relating to the five elements.
Marathi is an Indo-European language having over 70 million native speakers people in (predominantly) Maharashtra India. Marathi, like many other Indo-Aryan languages, evolved from early forms of Prakrit, which itself is a subset of Sanskrit, one of the most ancient languages of the world.
Sanskrit dictionary
Bhautika (भौतिक).—a. (-kī f.) [भूत-ठक् (bhūta-ṭhak)]
1) Belonging to created or living beings; प्रहुतो भौतिको बलिः (prahuto bhautiko baliḥ) Manusmṛti 3.74; आहंकारिकत्वश्रुतेर्न भौतिकानि (āhaṃkārikatvaśruterna bhautikāni) Sāṅkhya S.
2) Formed of coarse elements, elemental, material; वृक्षाणां नास्ति भौतिकम् (vṛkṣāṇāṃ nāsti bhautikam) Bhāg. 12 184.9; पिण्डेष्वनास्था खलु भौतिकेषु (piṇḍeṣvanāsthā khalu bhautikeṣu) R.2.57.
3) Relating to evil spirits.
4) Possessed by evil spirits.
-kaḥ 1 Name of Śiva.
2) A being, animal (jīva); कालस्य ते किमुत तत्कृतभौतिकानाम् (kālasya te kimuta tatkṛtabhautikānām) Bhāgavata 12.8.43.
-kam 1 A pearl.
2) Anything elemental.
Bhautika (भौतिक).—(adj.?) subst. nt. (compare Sanskrit id.; here in specialized mgs.), (1) possibly adj., real or material, in Laṅkāvatāra-sūtra 17.5, but the reading is very doubtful and the sense at least equally so, see s.v. abhauti and below; (2) subst. nt., object of sense: in Dharmasaṃgraha 40 = viṣaya or indriyārtha (five are listed: rūpa, śabda, gandha, rasa, and sparśa, corresponding, tho in different order, to the five mahā- bhūtāni listed in 39 just before). Acc. to Suzuki's Index to Laṅkāvatāra-sūtra, the Chin. versions of Laṅkāvatāra-sūtra indicate bhautika = the [Page413-a+ 52] 4 viṣaya or color, odor, flavor, contact (note omission of sound, and the fact that in Laṅkāvatāra-sūtra 124.8 ākāśa is added only parenthetically; compare the 4 dhātu of Pali, paṭhavī-, āpo-, tejo-, vāyo-dhātu, Childers, s.v.); in Laṅkāvatāra-sūtra 205.10 (omit bhūta-with 2 mss.) bhautika-svalakṣaṇa-vināśānu- palabdhir, evidently products of the bhūtāni, presumably as in Dharmasaṃgraha 40. The passage Laṅkāvatāra-sūtra 123.11—124.16 must, it seems, somehow be interpreted in the light of these passages, but is obscure to me (compare also Laṅkāvatāra-sūtra 355.1). Suzuki is not very helpful on it; e.g. 124.13 na tu mahābhū- tānām certainly cannot mean which (primary elements) are non-existent, but rather: (the mahābhūtāni are the causes of the bhautikāni), but not (the bhautikāni) of the mahābhūtāni, i.e. but not vice versa. In Mahāvyutpatti 1847 bhau- tika-rūpam appears to be parallel and complementary to 1846 upādāya-rūpam, q.v.; this suggests that bhautika- rūpam = Pali bhūta-rūpa (Childers and [Pali Text Society’s Pali-English Dictionary] s.v. rūpa), which according to Vism. = the four mahābhūtāni, earth, water, fire, and air (listed Mahāvyutpatti 1838—1841), contrary to Dharmasaṃgraha and the Chin. as cited by Suzuki, above; for the viṣayas are included among the 24 upādā(ya)-rūpa of Pali. On the basis of Mahāvyutpatti 1846—7 we might conjecture that in Laṅkāvatāra-sūtra 17.5 (see abhauti) abhautika = upādāya(-rūpam), and bhautika = bhautika (Pali bhūta)-rūpam. But if Dharmasaṃgraha and Chin. are right, bhautika would mean virtually the opposite of Pali bhūta(-rūpa).
Bhautika (भौतिक).—i. e. bhūta + ika (vb. bhū), I. adj. 1. Relating or appeartaining to spirits, [Mānavadharmaśāstra] 3, 174. 2. Elemental. 3. Existing. Ii. m. Śiva.
Bhautika (भौतिक).—1. [adjective] = [preceding] adj.
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Bhautika (भौतिक).—2. [masculine] [Epithet] of Śiva; a class of monks.
1) Bhautika (भौतिक):—[from bhauta] mf(ī)n. = [preceding] mfn., [Manu-smṛti; Mahābhārata] etc.
2) [v.s. ...] n. a pearl, [cf. Lexicographers, esp. such as amarasiṃha, halāyudha, hemacandra, etc.]
3) [v.s. ...] m. ([from] bhūti, ashes?) Name of Śiva, [cf. Lexicographers, esp. such as amarasiṃha, halāyudha, hemacandra, etc.]
4) [v.s. ...] a sort of monk, [Catalogue(s)]
5) [v.s. ...] n. anything elemental or material, [Monier-Williams’ Sanskrit-English Dictionary]
6) [v.s. ...] a pearl, [cf. Lexicographers, esp. such as amarasiṃha, halāyudha, hemacandra, etc.]
7) [v.s. ...] [plural] the qualities of the elements (5 with Buddhists), [Dharmasaṃgraha 40.]
Bhautika (भौतिक):—(kaḥ) 1. m. Shiva. a. Relating to evil spirits; elemental.
Bhautika (भौतिक):—1. (wie eben) adj. f. ī
1) die Wesen betreffend, ihnen geltend: bali [Manu’s Gesetzbuch 3, 74.] sarga die Schöpfung der Wesen [SĀṂKHYAK. 53.] —
2) aus den Elementen gebildet, dieselben betreffend, materiell: vṛkṣāṇāṃ nāsti bhautikam an den Bäumen ist nichts Materielles [Mahābhārata 12, 6829. 9982.] sarga [11562.] [Harivaṃśa 7801.] indriyāṇi [Suśruta 1, 312, 6.] prakṛtimiha narāṇāṃ bhautikīṃ kecidāhuḥ [?334, 18. Kapila 2, 20. Raghuvaṃśa 2, 57. Bhāgavatapurāṇa 1, 4, 17. 3, 20, 14. 22, 37. 26, 42. 5, 14, 34. 7, 2, 42. Mārkāṇḍeyapurāṇa 43, 76. Liṅgapurāṇa bei MUIR, Stenzler 4, 326, 4. Colebrooke I, 392. fg.] Vgl. cāturbhautika, pāñca .
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Bhautika (भौतिक):—2. (wohl von bhūti Asche) m.
1) Beiname Śiva’s [Trikāṇḍaśeṣa 1, 1, 48.] —
2) eine Art von Mönchen [Oxforder Handschriften 155,a,14. 156,a,1. 12. 34.] [morgenländischen Gesellschaft 14,569,5. 10. 572,18. 19.]
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Bhautika (भौतिक):—3. n. Perle [Rājanirghaṇṭa im Śabdakalpadruma] — Wohl nur fehlerhaft für mauktika .
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Bhautika (भौतिक):—1.
1) von den Wesen kommend: duḥkha [Bhāgavatapurāṇa 11, 23, 40.] = durjanādikṛta Comm.
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Bhautika (भौतिक):—2.
2) = bhauta
1) b); vgl. bhautaka .
Bhautika (भौतिक):—1. —
1) Adj. (f. ī) — a) die Wesen betreffend , ihnen geltend [Varāhamihira’s Yogayātrā 6,19.] — b) = bhauta 1)b). — c) aus den Elementen gebildet , dieselben betreffend , materiell. —
2) *n. Perle [Rājan 13,152.]
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Bhautika (भौतिक):—2. m. —
1) Beiname Śiva's. —
2) eine Art von Mönchen.
Bhautīka (in Sanskrit) can be associated with the following Chinese terms:
1) 有大 [yǒu dà]: “composed from the elements”.
Sanskrit, also spelled संस्कृतम् (saṃskṛtam), is an ancient language of India commonly seen as the grandmother of the Indo-European language family (even English!). Closely allied with Prakrit and Pali, Sanskrit is more exhaustive in both grammar and terms and has the most extensive collection of literature in the world, greatly surpassing its sister-languages Greek and Latin.
Hindi dictionary
Bhautika (भौतिक) [Also spelled bhautik]:—(a) material, physical, mundane; corporeal; elemental; -[cikitsā] physiotherapy; ~[tā] materialism; materialistic outlook; -[bhūgola] physical geography; ~[vāda/~vāditā] materialism; ~[vādī] a materialist; materialistic; ~[vijñāna] physics; ~[vid] a physicist; —[sādhana] material resources; —[sukha] physical/material happiness; —[sukha-suvidhāeṃ] material amenities.
...
Kannada-English dictionary
Bhautika (ಭೌತಿಕ):—[adjective] ಭೌತ [bhauta]1–1to7.
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Bhautika (ಭೌತಿಕ):—
1) [noun] = ಭೌತ [bhauta]2 -1.
2) [noun] (masc.) an expert in astrology.
3) [noun] a man who leads a life of contemplation and extreme self-denial for realising the ultimate truth and principles of being.
4) [noun] Śiva.
5) [noun] a smooth, rounded bead formed around a grain of sand within the shells of certain mollusks, valued as a gem; a pearl.
6) [noun] any living being.
7) [noun] the supposed state of being possessed by an evil spirit.
Kannada is a Dravidian language (as opposed to the Indo-European language family) mainly spoken in the southwestern region of India.
Nepali dictionary
Bhautika (भौतिक):—adj. 1. existing; material; real; of this world; 2. physical; material; corporeal; 3. related to evil spirit; n. material nature; real; existence; physicality;
Nepali is the primary language of the Nepalese people counting almost 20 million native speakers. The country of Nepal is situated in the Himalaya mountain range to the north of India.
See also (Relevant definitions)
Starts with (+0): Bhautika-bhugola, Bhautika-cikitsa, Bhautika-parivartana, Bhautika-sadhana, Bhautika-sampatti, Bhautika-samskriti, Bhautika-shastra, Bhautika-vatavarana, Bhautikamatha, Bhautikarthya, Bhautikasarga, Bhautikata, Bhautikate, Bhautikavada, Bhautikavadi, Bhautikavidya, Bhautikavigyaan, Bhautikavijnana, Bhautikavratin.
Full-text (+40): Pancabhautika, Adhibhautika, Sarvabhautika, Abhautika, Bhutabhautika, Bhautikavidya, Bhautikavada, Bhautik, Viluray, Bhautika-samskriti, Bhautika-shastra, Bhautika-bhugola, Bhautika-cikitsa, Bhautika-vatavarana, Bhautika-sadhana, Bhautika-parivartana, Bhautikamatha, Bhautika-sampatti, Bhautikarthya, Bhutika.
Relevant text
Search found 67 books and stories containing Bhautika, Bhautaika, Bhautīka; (plurals include: Bhautikas, Bhautaikas, Bhautīkas). You can also click to the full overview containing English textual excerpts. Below are direct links for the most relevant articles:
Krishna Sandarbha of Jiva Goswami (by Kusakratha Prabhu)
Nyaya-Vaisheshika (critical and historical study) (by Aruna Rani)
Introduction (Nature of the physical world) < [Chapter 5 - Nature of the physical world]
The nature of “Manas” (mind) < [Chapter 5 - Nature of the physical world]
4. Authors of Nyaya (b): Vatsyayana < [Chapter 2 - Historical Study of Nyaya system]
Principle of Shakti in Kashmir Shaivism (Study) (by Nirmala V.)
Part 2.7(a) - The Sāhasa Sub-variant of Krama < [Chapter 5 - Impacts of the Evolution]
The concept of Sharira as Prameya (by Elizabeth T. Jones)
A critical study of Ānandajñāna’s Tarkasaṅgraha (by Satyan Sharma)
Part 2.10 - The refutation of Manas < [Chapter 2 - Refutations in the Prathama Pariccheda]
A Descriptive Catalogue of the Sanskrit Manuscripts, Madras (by M. Seshagiri Sastri)