Bera: 14 definitions
Introduction:
Bera means something in Hinduism, Sanskrit, Christianity, Marathi, Hindi, biology. If you want to know the exact meaning, history, etymology or English translation of this term then check out the descriptions on this page. Add your comment or reference to a book if you want to contribute to this summary article.
Alternative spellings of this word include Ber.
In Hinduism
Pancaratra (worship of Nārāyaṇa)
Source: archive.org: Catalogue of Pancaratra Agama TextsBera (बेर) refers to “idols”, as discussed in the twelfth chapter of the Aniruddhasaṃhitā, an ancient Pāñcarātra Āgama text dealing with the annual festivals of temples and regular temple worship routines.—Description of the chapter [bera-lakṣaṇa]: Images of Vāsudeva, Keśava, et. al., are to be shown seated, or lying down, or riding on their vehicles [yāna] (1-2). The proportional measurements of these types are given (3-4). Definitions of six types of measurements are given (5-7); as are also directions for showing the idol in full, in bust only, or in a two-dimensional way (8-9a). The materials with which idols are to be made are precious gems, stone, wood, metal or clay (9b). Eight technical names for idols are listed and defined, the differences stemming from where these idols are to be found (10-13), and what their respective measurements and uses are (14-19a). [...]
Source: SriMatham: Vaiṣṇava Iconology based on Pañcarātra Āgamabera–Sanskrit term meaning 'image' and used in hindu iconology (e.g. the Āgamas).
Pancaratra (पाञ्चरात्र, pāñcarātra) represents a tradition of Hinduism where Narayana is revered and worshipped. Closeley related to Vaishnavism, the Pancaratra literature includes various Agamas and tantras incorporating many Vaishnava philosophies.
Shilpashastra (iconography)
Source: Wisdom Library: Śilpa-śāstraBera (बेर) is a Sanskrit word translating to “image”. It is used throughout texts and practice of Hindu iconology.
Source: Shodhganga: The significance of the mūla-beras (śilpa)Bera (बेर) refers to religious images that are created with various features and characteristics comparable to the human form.—The image, which is consecrated installed firmly within the garbhagṛha of the temple as the presiding deity and is considered as immoveable image is called dhruva-bera or the mūla-bera or the mūla-vigraha or the sthāvara or the mūlavar.
In a temple, the images worshipped are called:
- dhruvabera,
- kautukabera,
- utsavabera,
- snāpanabera,
- balibera.
A temple where all the five above-mentioned images are worshipped is termed uttama (superior); a temple with only dhruva-bera, kautuka-bera, and bali-bera is termed madhyama (medium); and a temple with dhruva and kautuka-bera alone is termed adhama (inferior).
Shilpashastra (शिल्पशास्त्र, śilpaśāstra) represents the ancient Indian science (shastra) of creative arts (shilpa) such as sculpture, iconography and painting. Closely related to Vastushastra (architecture), they often share the same literature.
Biology (plants and animals)
Source: Google Books: CRC World Dictionary (Regional names)1) Bera in India is the name of a plant defined with Solanum melongena in various botanical sources. This page contains potential references in Ayurveda, modern medicine, and other folk traditions or local practices It has the synonym Solanum insanum L. (among others).
2) Bera is also identified with Ziziphus jujuba It has the synonym Ziziphus jujuba (L.) Lam., nom. illeg., non Ziziphus jujuba Mill. (etc.).
3) Bera is also identified with Ziziphus mauritiana It has the synonym Paliurus mairei H. Lév. (etc.).
Example references for further research on medicinal uses or toxicity (see latin names for full list):
· Species Plantarum (1753)
· Journal of Cytology and Genetics (1984)
· Journal of the Indian Botanical Society (1998)
· Linnean Society of London (1837)
· Cytologia (1991)
· Acta Botanica Sinica (1985)
If you are looking for specific details regarding Bera, for example health benefits, extract dosage, side effects, chemical composition, diet and recipes, pregnancy safety, have a look at these references.
This sections includes definitions from the five kingdoms of living things: Animals, Plants, Fungi, Protists and Monera. It will include both the official binomial nomenclature (scientific names usually in Latin) as well as regional spellings and variants.
Languages of India and abroad
Marathi-English dictionary
Source: DDSA: The Molesworth Marathi and English Dictionarybēra (बेर).—m A kind of grass.
--- OR ---
bēra (बेर).—f R (Commonly bēraṇī) Crossploughing.
Marathi is an Indo-European language having over 70 million native speakers people in (predominantly) Maharashtra India. Marathi, like many other Indo-Aryan languages, evolved from early forms of Prakrit, which itself is a subset of Sanskrit, one of the most ancient languages of the world.
Hindi dictionary
Source: DDSA: A practical Hindi-English dictionary1) Bera (बेर) [Also spelled ber]:—(nm) plum, jujube; prune; (nf) see [bāra].
2) Berā (बेरा):—(nm) a bearer.
...
Kannada-English dictionary
Source: Alar: Kannada-English corpusBēra (ಬೇರ):—
1) [noun] a feeling or condition of hostility; hatred; ill will; animosity; antagonism; hatred.
2) [noun] a man as related to another whom he utterly hates and intends or attempts to injure him or her; an enemy.
--- OR ---
Bēra (ಬೇರ):—[noun] = ಬೇಪಾರ [bepara].
--- OR ---
Bēra (ಬೇರ):—
1) [noun] the physical structure of an animal; the body.
2) [noun] the figure of a person or animal carved in stone, wood, etc.; an icon or statue.
Kannada is a Dravidian language (as opposed to the Indo-European language family) mainly spoken in the southwestern region of India.
Nepali dictionary
Source: unoes: Nepali-English DictionaryBera (बेर):—n. time; delay;
Nepali is the primary language of the Nepalese people counting almost 20 million native speakers. The country of Nepal is situated in the Himalaya mountain range to the north of India.
See also (Relevant definitions)
Starts with (+12): Berabara, Beraberai, Berad, Berada, Beradai, Beradilakshana, Beraga, Beragaguha, Beragidu, Beragomdu, Beragu, Beragubadi, Beragugol, Beragugolisu, Beragugollu, Beraguvade, Beraguvadu, Beraguveru, Berahin bapak, Beraji.
Full-text (+55): Dhruvabera, Mulabera, Snapanabera, Balibera, Beralakshana, Nela-bera, Utsavabera, Rakkasabera, Mamgalabera, Ber, Beras beras, Sringa-beram, Kautukabera, Tirthabera, Karmabimba, Snanabera, Chend bera, Kautuka, Arrtta bera, Pancabera.
Relevant text
Search found 40 books and stories containing Bera, Bēra, Berā; (plurals include: Beras, Bēras, Berās). You can also click to the full overview containing English textual excerpts. Below are direct links for the most relevant articles:
Diksha (initiation) in Pancharatra (by Shanta Srinivasan)
13. The concepts of Kriya < [Chapter 1 - Introduction]
12. The concepts of Antaryamin and Arca < [Chapter 1 - Introduction]
A Descriptive Catalogue of the Sanskrit Manuscripts, Madras (by M. Seshagiri Sastri)
Notices of Sanskrit Manuscripts (by Rajendralala Mitra)
Page 121 < [Volume 8 (1886)]
Sanskrit Words In Southeast Asian Languages (by Satya Vrat Shastri)
Page 167 < [Sanskrit words in the Southeast Asian Languages]
Vernacular architecture of Assam (by Nabajit Deka)
Some Indispensible Auxiliary Components of House < [Chapter 5]
Architecture (b): Ideal Lay Out of an Assamese Traditional Homestead < [Chapter 3]
Pajaghar Typology (d): Door, Window and Ventilators < [Chapter 5]
Heimskringla (by Snorri Sturlson)
Part 24 - Of Yngve And Alf < [Chapter I - The Ynglinga Saga]
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