Avakirna, Avakīrṇa, Avakīrṇā, Avākīrṇa: 14 definitions
Introduction:
Avakirna means something in Buddhism, Pali, Hinduism, Sanskrit, Jainism, Prakrit, Marathi. If you want to know the exact meaning, history, etymology or English translation of this term then check out the descriptions on this page. Add your comment or reference to a book if you want to contribute to this summary article.
In Hinduism
Natyashastra (theatrics and dramaturgy)
Source: Wisdom Library: Nāṭya-śāstra1) Avakīrṇā (अवकीर्णा) refers to one of the eighteen jātis: rules used in the playing of drums (puṣkara) [with reference to Mṛdaṅga, Paṇava and Dardura] according to the Nāṭyaśāstra chapter 33. Accordingly, “Avakīrṇā-jāti is the playing of mṛdaṅga with three fold karaṇas. And when the same is added to the playing of dardura and paṇava, it is called ardhāvakīrṇā-jāti”.
2) Avakīrṇa (अवकीर्ण) refers to one of the twenty prakāras: rules used in the playing of drums (puṣkara) [with reference to Mṛdaṅga, Paṇava and Dardura] according to the Nāṭyaśāstra chapter 33. Accordingly, “when mṛdaṅgas are played together with paṇavas in many and various karaṇas, the playing is called Avakīrṇa”.
Natyashastra (नाट्यशास्त्र, nāṭyaśāstra) refers to both the ancient Indian tradition (shastra) of performing arts, (natya—theatrics, drama, dance, music), as well as the name of a Sanskrit work dealing with these subjects. It also teaches the rules for composing Dramatic plays (nataka), construction and performance of Theater, and Poetic works (kavya).
Purana and Itihasa (epic history)
Source: archive.org: Puranic EncyclopediaAvākīrṇa (अवाकीर्ण).—A holy place on the bank of the river Sarasvatī. (Mahābhārata, Śalya Parva, Chapter 41).
The Purana (पुराण, purāṇas) refers to Sanskrit literature preserving ancient India’s vast cultural history, including historical legends, religious ceremonies, various arts and sciences. The eighteen mahapuranas total over 400,000 shlokas (metrical couplets) and date to at least several centuries BCE.
In Buddhism
Mahayana (major branch of Buddhism)
Source: De Gruyter: A Buddhist Ritual Manual on AgricultureAvakīrṇa (अवकीर्ण) refers to the “scattering (of flowers)” (as part of an offering ritual), according to the Vajratuṇḍasamayakalparāja, an ancient Buddhist ritual manual on agriculture from the 5th-century (or earlier), containing various instructions for the Sangha to provide agriculture-related services to laypeople including rain-making, weather control and crop protection.—Accordingly, [As the Bhagavān said]: “Now I shall teach the offering manual which is auspicious and can bring about any effect. At the time of crop damage the [Nāgas] are agitated. Then the spell-master should prepare a square maṇḍalaka in the middle of the field or forest. Four filled jars should be placed [in the four directions]. Flowers should be scattered (puṣpa-avakīrṇa). [...]”.
Mahayana (महायान, mahāyāna) is a major branch of Buddhism focusing on the path of a Bodhisattva (spiritual aspirants/ enlightened beings). Extant literature is vast and primarely composed in the Sanskrit language. There are many sūtras of which some of the earliest are the various Prajñāpāramitā sūtras.
In Jainism
General definition (in Jainism)
Source: The University of Sydney: A study of the Twelve ReflectionsAvakīrṇa (अवकीर्ण) refers to the “(being) covered” (with the blossom of virtue), according to the 11th century Jñānārṇava, a treatise on Jain Yoga in roughly 2200 Sanskrit verses composed by Śubhacandra.—Accordingly, “Glory to the great tree that is stopping the influx of karma whose opponent is conquered, which is rooted in all the rules of conduct for a mendicant, whose great trunk is restraint, whose full branches are tranquillity, which is covered with the blossom of virtue (dharmapuṣpa-avakīrṇa) [and] is beautiful because of producing whole fruit through the reflections. [Thus ends the reflection on] stopping the influx of karma”.
Synonyms: Vyāpta, Pūrṇa, Ākīrṇa, Ālīḍha, Samālīḍha, Samākīrṇa, Saṃbhṛta.
Jainism is an Indian religion of Dharma whose doctrine revolves around harmlessness (ahimsa) towards every living being. The two major branches (Digambara and Svetambara) of Jainism stimulate self-control (or, shramana, ‘self-reliance’) and spiritual development through a path of peace for the soul to progess to the ultimate goal.
Languages of India and abroad
Marathi-English dictionary
Source: DDSA: The Molesworth Marathi and English Dictionaryavakīrṇa (अवकीर्ण).—a S Overcast, overspread, covered over with. In comp. as kēśāvakīrṇa, jalāvakīrṇa, parṇāva- kīrṇa, puṣpāvakīrṇa, phalāvakīrṇa, mēghāvakīrṇa, raktāvakīrṇa, rajōvakīrṇa, vṛkṣāvakīrṇa.
Source: DDSA: The Aryabhusan school dictionary, Marathi-Englishavakīrṇa (अवकीर्ण).—Overcast, overspread, covered over with.
Marathi is an Indo-European language having over 70 million native speakers people in (predominantly) Maharashtra India. Marathi, like many other Indo-Aryan languages, evolved from early forms of Prakrit, which itself is a subset of Sanskrit, one of the most ancient languages of the world.
Sanskrit dictionary
Source: DDSA: The practical Sanskrit-English dictionaryAvakīrṇa (अवकीर्ण).—See under अवकृ (avakṛ).
See also (synonyms): avakīrṇin.
--- OR ---
Avakīrṇa (अवकीर्ण).—p. p.
1) Scattered, filled, covered over; किमैपति रजोभिरौर्वरैरवकीर्णस्य मणेर्महार्घता (kimaipati rajobhiraurvarairavakīrṇasya maṇermahārghatā) Śiśupālavadha 16.27.
2) Coarsely pounded.
3) Destroyed; अवकीर्णो हि समरे वीरो दुष्प्रज्ञया तदा (avakīrṇo hi samare vīro duṣprajñayā tadā) Mahābhārata (Bombay) 15.16.11.
4) Violated (as the vow of a brahmacārī), degraded.
5) Declining, dilapidating; दृष्ट्वा तथाऽवकीर्णं तु राष्ट्रम् (dṛṣṭvā tathā'vakīrṇaṃ tu rāṣṭram) Mahābhārata (Bombay) 9.41.16.
Source: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Edgerton Buddhist Hybrid Sanskrit DictionaryAvakīrṇa (अवकीर्ण).—confused, mixed up (of speech): Lalitavistara 158.16 sadānavakīrṇavācaḥ, always of unconfused speech; so Tibetan, tshig ḥchal med gyur la.
Source: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Shabda-Sagara Sanskrit-English DictionaryAvakīrṇa (अवकीर्ण).—mfn.
(-rṇaḥ-rṇā-rṇaṃ) I. Coarsely pounded. 2. Scattered. 3. Disregarded, violated. E. ava implying separation, kṝ to scatter in the irregular part. past.
Source: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Cappeller Sanskrit-English DictionaryAvakīrṇa (अवकीर्ण).—[adjective] who has shed ([especially] his sperm); scattered, spread; bestrewn, filled with, seized by (—°).
Source: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Monier-Williams Sanskrit-English Dictionary1) Avakīrṇa (अवकीर्ण):—[=ava-kīrṇa] [from ava-kiraṇa] a etc. See, [ib.]
2) [=ava-kīrṇa] [from ava-kṝ] b mfn. who has spilt his semen virile, id est. violated his vow of chastity, [Taittirīya-āraṇyaka], poured upon, covered with, filled, [Mahābhārata i, 7840, etc.], (cf. sapta dvārāvakīrṇa)
3) [v.s. ...] = ā-k°, [Divyāvadāna]
Source: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Yates Sanskrit-English DictionaryAvakīrṇa (अवकीर्ण):—[ava-kīrṇa] (rṇaḥ-rṇā-rṇaṃ) a. Coarsely pounded; violated.
Source: DDSA: Paia-sadda-mahannavo; a comprehensive Prakrit Hindi dictionary (S)Avakīrṇa (अवकीर्ण) in the Sanskrit language is related to the Prakrit words: Avakiṇṇa, Avakīria.
Sanskrit, also spelled संस्कृतम् (saṃskṛtam), is an ancient language of India commonly seen as the grandmother of the Indo-European language family (even English!). Closely allied with Prakrit and Pali, Sanskrit is more exhaustive in both grammar and terms and has the most extensive collection of literature in the world, greatly surpassing its sister-languages Greek and Latin.
Kannada-English dictionary
Source: Alar: Kannada-English corpusAvakīrṇa (ಅವಕೀರ್ಣ):—
1) [adjective] spread about, here and there by or as by sprinkling; thrown here and there or strewn loosely; scattered.
2) [adjective] pressed or squeezed too much into a relatively small space; (great number of people) gathered together in a small room; crowded.
3) [adjective] left; given up; forsaken; abandoned; deserted.
--- OR ---
Avakīrṇa (ಅವಕೀರ್ಣ):—[noun] = ಅವಕೀರ್ಣಿ [avakirni].
Kannada is a Dravidian language (as opposed to the Indo-European language family) mainly spoken in the southwestern region of India.
See also (Relevant definitions)
Starts with: Avakirnajatabhara, Avakirnakusuma.
Ends with: Abhyavakirna, Anavakirna, Ardhavakirna, Avyavakirna, Karavikirna, Phalavakirna, Pushpavakirna, Saptadvaravakirna, Vyavakirna, Yajnavakirna.
Full-text (+2): Avakirnin, Avakirnajatabhara, Abhyavakirna, Avakinna, Avakiria, Vyavakirna, Okiṇṇa, Alidha, Samalidha, Purna, Akirna, Sambhrita, Dharmapushpa, Pushpa, Samakirna, Ardhavakirna, Avakri, Prakara, Vyapta, Karana.
Relevant text
Search found 5 books and stories containing Avakirna, Ava-kirna, Ava-kīrṇa, Avakīrṇa, Avakīrṇā, Avākīrṇa; (plurals include: Avakirnas, kirnas, kīrṇas, Avakīrṇas, Avakīrṇās, Avākīrṇas). You can also click to the full overview containing English textual excerpts. Below are direct links for the most relevant articles:
Maha Prajnaparamita Sastra (by Gelongma Karma Migme Chödrön)
Emptiness 11: Emptiness of dispersed dharmas (avakāraśūnyatā) < [Chapter XLVIII - The Eighteen Emptinesses]
Manusmriti with the Commentary of Medhatithi (by Ganganatha Jha)
Section XII - Expiation for the Immoral Religious Student (avakīrṇa) < [Discourse XI - Expiation of Sins]
Verse 11.118 < [Section XII - Expiation for the Immoral Religious Student (avakīrṇa)]
Verse 11.173 < [Section XIX - Expiation for Wrongful Sexual Intercourse]
Natyashastra (English) (by Bharata-muni)
The Brahma Purana (by G. P. Bhatt)
The Padma Purana (by N.A. Deshpande)
Chapter 27 - Kanyātīrtha, Saptasārasvata, Pṛthūdaka, Sannihiti, etc. < [Section 3 - Svarga-khaṇḍa (section on the heavens)]