Atidaruna, Atidāruṇa: 12 definitions
Introduction:
Atidaruna means something in Buddhism, Pali, Hinduism, Sanskrit. If you want to know the exact meaning, history, etymology or English translation of this term then check out the descriptions on this page. Add your comment or reference to a book if you want to contribute to this summary article.
In Hinduism
Purana and Itihasa (epic history)
Atidāruṇa (अतिदारुण) refers to “terrible”, according to the Śivapurāṇa 2.3.15 (“The penance and reign of Tārakāsura”).—Accordingly, as Brahmā narrated: “Then all those gods and sages consulted one another and in their great fright they came to my world and approached me in a piteous plight. [...] Coming to a definite conclusion with adequate thought as to the reason for the same, I went where the demon was performing penance in order to grant him the boon. O sage, I told him thus—‘Tell me what boon you want. A severe penance has been performed by you. There is nothing which cannot be granted to you’. On hearing these words of mine, Tāraka, the great demon, bowed and eulogised me and requested for a terrible [i.e., atidāruṇa] boon”.
The Purana (पुराण, purāṇas) refers to Sanskrit literature preserving ancient India’s vast cultural history, including historical legends, religious ceremonies, various arts and sciences. The eighteen mahapuranas total over 400,000 shlokas (metrical couplets) and date to at least several centuries BCE.
Shaktism (Shakta philosophy)
Atidāruṇa (अतिदारुण) refers to “that which is very frightening”, as discussed in the Yogakhaṇḍa of the Manthānabhairavatantra, a vast sprawling work that belongs to a corpus of Tantric texts concerned with the worship of the goddess Kubjikā.—Accordingly, as the Goddess says to Mahādeva: “O god, lord of the universe, listen. O best of the gods, I will explain. There is a great place, a mountain peak (called) Trikūṭa on the top of Meru. Agnituṅga arose there. He came into being without a sound. Powerful and surrounded by a garland of flames, he possessed the radiant energy of the twelve suns. The Person, unmanifest by nature, emerged from his navel. O Bhairava, he has no manifestation and is not perceived. And that is said to be the supreme place that is very frightening (atidāruṇa). [...]”.
Shakta (शाक्त, śākta) or Shaktism (śāktism) represents a tradition of Hinduism where the Goddess (Devi) is revered and worshipped. Shakta literature includes a range of scriptures, including various Agamas and Tantras, although its roots may be traced back to the Vedas.
In Buddhism
Mahayana (major branch of Buddhism)
Atidāruṇa (अतिदारुण) refers to “extremely dreadful (mantrapadas)”, according to the Vajratuṇḍasamayakalparāja, an ancient Buddhist ritual manual on agriculture from the 5th-century (or earlier), containing various instructions for the Sangha to provide agriculture-related services to laypeople including rain-making, weather control and crop protection.—Accordingly, [After the Bhagavān taught the Heart-Mantra to Vajrapāṇi]: “Immediately after the Bhagavān had uttered this spell, the destroyer of all Nāgas and all malefactors and calamities, all the great Nāgas got headaches, their bodies became putrid, stinking and foul-smelling (pūtikakāya). They fell at the feet of the Bhagavān and said, “O Bhagavān, extremely dreadful (atidāruṇa) mantrapadas have been uttered. [...]’”.
Mahayana (महायान, mahāyāna) is a major branch of Buddhism focusing on the path of a Bodhisattva (spiritual aspirants/ enlightened beings). Extant literature is vast and primarely composed in the Sanskrit language. There are many sūtras of which some of the earliest are the various Prajñāpāramitā sūtras.
Languages of India and abroad
Pali-English dictionary
atidāruṇa : (adj.) horrible; very cruel.
Atidāruṇa, (adj.) (Sk. atidāruṇa, ati + dāruṇa) very cruel, extremely fierce Pv III, 73. (Page 19)
atidāruṇa (အတိဒါရုဏ) [(ti) (တိ)]—
[ati+dāruṇa,thī-nitea atidāruṇāç atidāruṇī．]
[အတိ+ဒါရုဏ၊ ထီ-၌ အတိဒါရုဏာ,အတိဒါရုဏီ။]
[Pali to Burmese]
atidāruṇa—
(Burmese text): အလွန်ကြမ်းတမ်းသော။ အလွန်ကြောက်မက်ဖွယ်ကောင်းသော၊ သူ။
(Auto-Translation): Very cruel. Very terrifying, him.
Pali is the language of the Tipiṭaka, which is the sacred canon of Theravāda Buddhism and contains much of the Buddha’s speech. Closeley related to Sanskrit, both languages are used interchangeably between religions.
Sanskrit dictionary
Atidāruṇa (अतिदारुण).—and
Atidāruṇa is a Sanskrit compound consisting of the terms ati and dāruṇa (दारुण).
Atidāruṇa (अतिदारुण).—[adjective] too hard or cruel.
Atidāruṇa (अतिदारुण):—[=ati-dāruṇa] [from ati] mfn. very terrible.
Atidāruṇa (अतिदारुण):—Adj. —
1) sehr hart [Suśruta (rotrh) 2,349,2.] —
2) sehr schrecklich [Indische studien von Weber 8,459.] m Adv. [Rāmāyaṇa 2,64,51.]
Sanskrit, also spelled संस्कृतम् (saṃskṛtam), is an ancient language of India commonly seen as the grandmother of the Indo-European language family (even English!). Closely allied with Prakrit and Pali, Sanskrit is more exhaustive in both grammar and terms and has the most extensive collection of literature in the world, greatly surpassing its sister-languages Greek and Latin.
Nepali dictionary
Atidāruṇa (अतिदारुण):—adj. very dreadful;
Nepali is the primary language of the Nepalese people counting almost 20 million native speakers. The country of Nepal is situated in the Himalaya mountain range to the north of India.
See also (Relevant definitions)
Partial matches: A ti, Daruna, Taruna, Ati.
Starts with: Atidarunata.
Relevant text
Search found 9 books and stories containing Atidaruna, Ati-daruna, Ati-dāruṇa, Atidāruṇa; (plurals include: Atidarunas, darunas, dāruṇas, Atidāruṇas). You can also click to the full overview containing English textual excerpts. Below are direct links for the most relevant articles:
Garga Samhita (English) (by Danavir Goswami)
Verses 6.6.17-19 < [Chapter 6 - The Yādavas’ Victory When Śrī Rukmiṇī is Kidnapped]
Journal of Ayurveda and Integrated Medical Sciences
Efficacy of Ardhamatrika Basti in the management of Janu Sandhigatavata... < [Vol. 6 No. 3 (2021)]
Dictionaries of Indian languages (Kosha)
Page 612 < [Hindi-Malayalam-English Volume 2]
Shiva Purana (by J. L. Shastri)
Chapter 8 - Description of the Hell (naraka) < [Section 5 - Umā-Saṃhitā]
Skanda Purana (by G. V. Tagare)
Chapter 29 - The Great Efficacy of Anaraka Tīrtha < [Section 1 - Avantīkṣetra-māhātmya]