Apayana, Apayāna: 15 definitions
Introduction:
Apayana means something in Hinduism, Sanskrit, Buddhism, Pali, Jainism, Prakrit. If you want to know the exact meaning, history, etymology or English translation of this term then check out the descriptions on this page. Add your comment or reference to a book if you want to contribute to this summary article.
In Hinduism
Jyotisha (astronomy and astrology)
Apayāna (अपयान) refers to the “last (maximum) declination”, according to verse 20 of the Lagnaprakaraṇa (lit. “treatise for the computation of the ascendant), an astronomical work in eight chapters dealing with the determination of the ascendant (udayalagna or orient ecliptic point).—Accordingly, “The quotient of either the Rsine [of the Sun’s longitude] multiplied by [the Rsine of] the last (maximum) declination (apayāna), or [the Rsine of] the declination corresponding to the desired longitude multiplied by the radius, divided by the Rcosine of the latitude, is the Rsine of the Sun’s amplitude. That [Rsine of the Sun’s amplitude] is the hypotenuse. [The Rsine of] the declination is the upright here, and indeed the earth-sine is the lateral”.
Jyotisha (ज्योतिष, jyotiṣa or jyotish) refers to ‘astronomy’ or “Vedic astrology” and represents the fifth of the six Vedangas (additional sciences to be studied along with the Vedas). Jyotisha concerns itself with the study and prediction of the movements of celestial bodies, in order to calculate the auspicious time for rituals and ceremonies.
Languages of India and abroad
Pali-English dictionary
Apayāna, (nt.) (Sk. apayāna, fr. apayāti) going away, retreat D.I, 9 (opp. upa°); DA.I, 95. (Page 52)
apayāna (အပယာန) [(na) (န)]—
[apa+yā+yu]
[အပ+ယာ+ယု]
[Pali to Burmese]
apayāna—
(Burmese text): ဖဲသွား-နောက်ဆုတ်-ခြင်း၊ စစ်ချီတက်ရာမှ ပြန်လှည့်ခြင်း။
(Auto-Translation): Retreating from a battle position, turning back from an advance.
Pali is the language of the Tipiṭaka, which is the sacred canon of Theravāda Buddhism and contains much of the Buddha’s speech. Closeley related to Sanskrit, both languages are used interchangeably between religions.
Sanskrit dictionary
Apayāna (अपयान).—
1) Going away, departure, retreat, flight, escape. भंग्नापयानेष्वनभिज्ञदोषः (bhaṃgnāpayāneṣvanabhijñadoṣaḥ) Pañch.3.3.
2) Disregard (upekṣā); न वै शक्यं विहितस्यापयानम् (na vai śakyaṃ vihitasyāpayānam) Mahābhārata (Bombay) 1.198.1.
Derivable forms: apayānam (अपयानम्).
Apayāna (अपयान).—n.
(-naṃ) Retreat, flight. E. apa from, and yāna going.
Apayāna (अपयान).—i. e. apa-yā + ana, n. 1. Going away, [Śiśupālavadha] 9, 84. 2. Retreat, flight, [Rāmāyaṇa] 3, 40, 29.
Apayāna (अपयान).—[neuter] retreat, flight.
1) Apayāna (अपयान):—[=apa-yāna] [from apa-yā] n. retreat, flight
2) [v.s. ...] (in [astronomy]) declination.
Apayāna (अपयान):—[tatpurusha compound] n.
(-nam) Retreat, flight. E. yā with apa, kṛt aff. lyuṭ.
Apayāna (अपयान):—[apa-yāna] (naṃ) 1. n. Retreat, flight.
Apayāna (अपयान):—(wie eben) n. Flucht, Rückzug [Amarakoṣa 2, 8, 2, 80.] [Hemacandra’s Abhidhānacintāmaṇi 802.] apayāne pi ca bhavāṃsamartho laghuvikramaḥ [Rāmāyaṇa 3, 40, 29.] Gegens. upayāna [6, 89, 19.]
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Apayāna (अपयान):—das Fortgehen, sich Entfernen: mānasya drutamapayānamāsthitasya [Śiśupālavadha 9, 84.] naiva śakyaṃ vihitasyāpayānam es ist nicht möglich, dass das Verhängniss (unverrichteter Sache) davonginge d. i. sich nicht verwirklichte [Mahābhārata 1, 7329.] apayāna (apamāna?) = upekṣā [Nīlakaṇṭha]
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Apayāna (अपयान):—Flucht, Rückzug [Mahābhārata 12, 3581.]
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Apāyana (अपायन):—n. = apāya Weggang, Entfernung [Hemacandra] [Yogaśāstra 3, 60], wo caṇḍarocirapāyane zu lesen ist.
Apayāna (अपयान):—n. —
1) Rückzug , Flucht. —
2) das Weichen , zu Schanden Werden. —
3) Declination (astron.) Comm. zu [Āryabhaṭa 1,6.4,1.]
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Apāyana (अपायन):—n. das Weggehen , Sichentfernen.
Sanskrit, also spelled संस्कृतम् (saṃskṛtam), is an ancient language of India commonly seen as the grandmother of the Indo-European language family (even English!). Closely allied with Prakrit and Pali, Sanskrit is more exhaustive in both grammar and terms and has the most extensive collection of literature in the world, greatly surpassing its sister-languages Greek and Latin.
Prakrit-English dictionary
Āpāyaṇa (आपायण) in the Prakrit language is related to the Sanskrit word: Āpādana.
Prakrit is an ancient language closely associated with both Pali and Sanskrit. Jain literature is often composed in this language or sub-dialects, such as the Agamas and their commentaries which are written in Ardhamagadhi and Maharashtri Prakrit. The earliest extant texts can be dated to as early as the 4th century BCE although core portions might be older.
Kannada-English dictionary
Apayāna (ಅಪಯಾನ):—[noun] a going back or backward; withdrawal in the face of opposition or from a dangerous or unpleasant situation; a retreat.
Kannada is a Dravidian language (as opposed to the Indo-European language family) mainly spoken in the southwestern region of India.
See also (Relevant definitions)
Partial matches (+0): Yana, Ya, Ao, Yu, Yu, Apa.
Full-text (+0): Vyapayana, Vyapanaya, Apadana, Avayana, Apa, Stha.
Relevant text
Search found 2 books and stories containing Apayana, Apa-ya-yu, Apa-yā-yu, Apa-yana, Apa-yāna, Apayāna, Apāyana, Āpāyaṇa; (plurals include: Apayanas, yus, yanas, yānas, Apayānas, Apāyanas, Āpāyaṇas). You can also click to the full overview containing English textual excerpts. Below are direct links for the most relevant articles:
Mahabharata (English) (by Kisari Mohan Ganguli)
Section XCVII < [Rajadharmanusasana Parva]
International Ayurvedic Medical Journal
Concept of rasayana and its utility (rejuvenation therapy): a review < [2021, Issue 11, November]
Modern concept of rasayana (rejuvenation therapy) and its utility in present era: a review < [2022, Issue 1, January]