Aparantaka, Aparāntaka, Apara-antaka: 11 definitions
Introduction:
Aparantaka means something in Buddhism, Pali, Hinduism, Sanskrit, the history of ancient India. If you want to know the exact meaning, history, etymology or English translation of this term then check out the descriptions on this page. Add your comment or reference to a book if you want to contribute to this summary article.
In Hinduism
Natyashastra (theatrics and dramaturgy)
Source: Wisdom Library: Nāṭya-śāstra1) Aparāntaka (अपरान्तक) refers to one of the seven types of song (gitaka), according to the Nāṭyaśāstra chapter 31. Accordingly, “in the aparāntaka, śīrṣakas should be five, six or seven in number, and in the prakarī they should be four, three and a half and (i.e. seven and a half in all)”.
2) Aparāntaka also refers to one of the ten kinds of dhruvā (“songs”) defined in the Nāṭyaśāstra chapter 32. Accordingly, “the dhruvā is so called, because in it words, varṇas, alaṃkāra, tempo (laya), jāti and pāṇis are regularly (dhruva) connected with one another”.
Natyashastra (नाट्यशास्त्र, nāṭyaśāstra) refers to both the ancient Indian tradition (shastra) of performing arts, (natya—theatrics, drama, dance, music), as well as the name of a Sanskrit work dealing with these subjects. It also teaches the rules for composing Dramatic plays (nataka), construction and performance of Theater, and Poetic works (kavya).
Jyotisha (astronomy and astrology)
Source: Wisdom Library: Brihat Samhita by VarahamihiraAparāntaka (अपरान्तक) refers to a country belonging to “Apara or Aparadeśa (western divisions)” classified under the constellations of Jyeṣṭhā, Mūla and Pūrvāṣāḍha, according to the system of Kūrmavibhāga, according to the Bṛhatsaṃhitā (chapter 14), an encyclopedic Sanskrit work written by Varāhamihira mainly focusing on the science of ancient Indian astronomy astronomy (Jyotiṣa).—Accordingly, “The countries of the Earth beginning from the centre of Bhāratavarṣa and going round the east, south-east, south, etc., are divided into 9 divisions corresponding to the 27 lunar asterisms at the rate of 3 for each division and beginning from Kṛttikā. The constellations of Jyeṣṭhā, Mūla and Pūrvāṣāḍha represent the western divisions consisting of [i.e., Aparāntaka] [...]”.
Jyotisha (ज्योतिष, jyotiṣa or jyotish) refers to ‘astronomy’ or “Vedic astrology” and represents the fifth of the six Vedangas (additional sciences to be studied along with the Vedas). Jyotisha concerns itself with the study and prediction of the movements of celestial bodies, in order to calculate the auspicious time for rituals and ceremonies.
In Buddhism
General definition (in Buddhism)
Source: academia.edu: The Chronological History of BuddhismThe Kingdom of Aparantaka in Buddhist Literature.—Aparanta and Aparantaka were two different areas. Buddhist sources unambiguously indicate the location of Aparantaka in the east and not in the west. Magadha and Aparantaka kingdoms were undoubtedly neighboring kingdoms. In all probability, the region of modern Bangladesh and some southern parts of West Bengal was referred to as “Aparantaka” in Buddhist sources. Later, Aparantaka Kingdom extended to Magadha in Bihar and to Sonabhadra district in Uttar Pradesh including Saketa, Prayaga and Kaushambi & up to Vidisha in Madhya Pradesh during the 10th century BCE.
India history and geography
Source: Ancient Buddhist Texts: Geography of Early BuddhismAparāntaka refers to “western India”: a district of ancient India lying to the west of the Upper Irawady; as recorded in the Pāli Buddhist texts (detailing the geography of ancient India as it was known in to Early Buddhism).—According to the Buddhist tradition recorded in the Sāsanavaṃsa, Aparāntaka is the region lying to the west of the Upper Irawady. According to Sir R. G. Bhandarkar, Aparānta was the Northern Konkan, whose capital was Surpāraka (mod. Sopārā); while according to Bhagavānlal Indraji the western sea-board of India was called Aparāntaka or Aparāntika.
The Dīpavaṃsa (p. 54) and the Mahāvaṃsa (Ch. XII) state that Yona Dhammarakkhita, a Buddhist missionary, was sent to Aparāntaka for the spread of Buddhism there.
The history of India traces the identification of countries, villages, towns and other regions of India, as well as mythology, zoology, royal dynasties, rulers, tribes, local festivities and traditions and regional languages. Ancient India enjoyed religious freedom and encourages the path of Dharma, a concept common to Buddhism, Hinduism, and Jainism.
Languages of India and abroad
Sanskrit dictionary
Source: DDSA: The practical Sanskrit-English dictionaryAparāntaka (अपरान्तक).—
1) = °अन्तः (antaḥ) pl.
2) Name of a song; अपरान्तकमुल्लोप्यं मद्रकं प्रकरीं तथा । औवेणकं सरोबिन्दुमुत्तरं गीतकानि च (aparāntakamullopyaṃ madrakaṃ prakarīṃ tathā | auveṇakaṃ sarobindumuttaraṃ gītakāni ca) || Y3.113; °अन्तिका (antikā) Name of a metre consisting of 64 mātrās.
Derivable forms: aparāntakaḥ (अपरान्तकः).
Aparāntaka is a Sanskrit compound consisting of the terms apara and antaka (अन्तक).
Source: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Edgerton Buddhist Hybrid Sanskrit DictionaryAparāntaka (अपरान्तक).—f. °ikā, adj. of the western border, or of the country called Aparānta; used of cloth or garments, also as nt. noun, (cloth or garments) of Aparānta Mahāvyutpatti 9179; °ka- in [compound] Divyāvadāna 316.26, of garments (adj. or noun?). In Divyāvadāna 20.22-23 perhaps read aparāntikayā guptikayā in the style of Aparānta (? see guptikā); text asmāt parānti°. In Divyāvadāna 1.3; 18.6; 19.16, 19, 23; 21.2, 12 the mss. read corruptly, and with much variation, a text discussed by the editors on p. 703; they read asmāt parāntaka- and interpret as a synonym of pratyantima, except in 19.19 where they read asmākam aparāntaka-, interpreting (with privative a-) as the opposite, not distant, near. The forms are troublesome; without much confidence I suggest that forms of aparāntaka may have been found in all, meaning something like of the western border (if not speci- fically of the country Aparānta). But Tibetan (Bailey, JRAS 1950.172) on 19.19 points to Aśmāparāntaka, q.v.; and this seems to have been the regular Tibetan form according to Schiefner, cited Divyāvadāna p. 703.
Source: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Benfey Sanskrit-English DictionaryAparāntaka (अपरान्तक).—i. e. apara -anta + ka. I. m. The name of a people. Ii. n. A song conducive to final liberation, [Yājñavalkya, (ed. Stenzler.)] 3, 113.
Source: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Monier-Williams Sanskrit-English Dictionary1) Aparāntaka (अपरान्तक):—[from apara] mf(ikā)n. living at the western border, [Varāha-mihira’s Bṛhat-saṃhitā] etc.
2) [from apara] n. Name of a song, [Yājñavalkya]
Source: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Goldstücker Sanskrit-English DictionaryAparāntaka (अपरान्तक):—1. m. pl.
(-kāḥ) The same as aparāntāḥ q. v. Comp. also śroṇāparāntaka. 2. n.
(-kam) A sacred song, the singing of which is, according to Yājnavalkya, conducive to final liberation; comp. also as similar songs ullopya, madraka, prakarī, auveṇaka, sarovindu, uttara (these are called gītaka); āsārita, vardhamānaka (these are called mahāgītaka); and those which have arisen from the former, viz. ṛggāthā, pāṇikā, dakṣavihitā and brahmagītikā (these are called gītikā). 3. f.
(-ntikā) The name of a metre regulated by quantity, a variety of the Vaitalīya q. v.; it consists of a stanza of four lines with sixteen mātrās in each line, the special conditions of each verse being similar to those of the Vaitalīya, q. v. E. aparānta, taddh. aff. kan.
[Sanskrit to German]
Sanskrit, also spelled संस्कृतम् (saṃskṛtam), is an ancient language of India commonly seen as the grandmother of the Indo-European language family (even English!). Closely allied with Prakrit and Pali, Sanskrit is more exhaustive in both grammar and terms and has the most extensive collection of literature in the world, greatly surpassing its sister-languages Greek and Latin.
See also (Relevant definitions)
Partial matches: Antaka, Apara.
Ends with: Ashmaparantaka, Shronaparantaka.
Full-text (+16): Aparanta, Gajjagiri, Aparantika, Subahu, Ashmaparantaka, Yonaka Dhammarakkhita, Kumaralabha, Nilavannakusamala, Satodika, Nalamala, Asitamasa, Guptika, Valabhamukha, Khuramali, Cikula, Gitaka, Hingulapabbata, Rahulabhadra, Khuramala, Sovira.
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Search found 10 books and stories containing Aparantaka, Aparāntaka, Apara-antaka; (plurals include: Aparantakas, Aparāntakas, antakas). You can also click to the full overview containing English textual excerpts. Below are direct links for the most relevant articles:
Mahavamsa (by Wilhelm Geiger)
Cosmetics, Costumes and Ornaments in Ancient India (by Remadevi. O.)
7. Trade and Commerce (of clothes and dresses) < [Chapter 2 - Costumes]
Natyashastra (English) (by Bharata-muni)
Brihat Samhita (by N. Chidambaram Iyer)
Dipavamsa (study) (by Sibani Barman)
Matangalila and Hastyayurveda (study) (by Chandrima Das)