In Hinduism

Shaivism (Shaiva philosophy)

Source: Google Books: Manthanabhairavatantram (shaivism)

Āmardaka (आमर्दक) is the name of a teacher of Śaivism.—Jayaratha explains that the Tantraprakriyā was taught in the tradition (maṭhikā) founded by Traiyambaka (also called Tryambakāditya). He, along with Āmardaka and Śrīnātha, taught non-dualist, dualist and dualist-cum-non-dualist Śaivism, respectively. A fourth lineage issuing from Śaiva monastic centres (maṭhikā) called ardhatryambaka-maṭhikā was founded by Tryambaka's daughter. This transmitted the teachings of the Trikula. [...] Āmardaka, who is well known as the founder of an important lineage of the Siddhānta, did not teach Trika doctrine in any form.

Source: academia.edu: Encounters with vetālas

Āmardaka (आमर्दक).—Śaṅkara, the commentator of the Harṣacarita remarks ad loc. that “Āmardaka is a vetāla; others say he is a kind of ferocious deity”. As Hatley pointed out, “Śaiva sources speak of Āmardaka or Āmardakabhairava as a deity, but mention also a class of spirits called āmardakas”. Hatley (2007, p. 70, note 152) refers to Brahmayāmala 62.19 where āmardakas are listed along with such beings as siddhas, gandharvas, vetālas and kiṅkaras (kinnaras?), while Brahmayā-mala 72 is a kalpa-manual of Mahāmardakabhairava. On the other hand, the Śivapurāṇa, Śatarudrasaṃhitā 7.48 says Āmardaka is an epithet of Kālabhairava.

Source: Shodhganga: Temple management in the Āgamas

Āmardaka (आमर्दक) is the one of the three mind-born sons of Sage Durvāsas charged with mission of establishing the Śaiva faith, according to a commentary on the Tantrāloka.—As, thus, with the disappearance of the Śāstras the world became engrossed in spiritual darkness, Śiva,—as the Deity is called,–took pity on men and, appearing on the Kailāsa mountain in the form of Śrīkaṇṭha, commanded the Sage Durvāsas to spread in the world the knowledge of these Śāstras again. Durvāsas, thus commanded, created, by the power of his mind, three sons,—Tryambaka, Āmardaka and Śrīnātha by names—whom he charged with the mission of establishing spiritual order and of teaching men again the ancient and eternal Śaiva faith and doctrine in their three aspects of Abheda, Bheda and Bhedābheda–of Unity, Diversity and Diversity-in-unity,—Tryambaka was to teach the first, Āmardaka the second, while Śrīnātha was to have the charge of the last. [...]”.

Source: Brill: Śaivism and the Tantric Traditions

Āmardaka (आमर्दक) (or Kālabhairava) is another name for Kālarāja, one of the “seven Bhairavas”, and is associated with Vārāṇasī, according to the Vārāṇasīmāhātmya 1.53-54.—Cf. The “eight Bhairavas” (originating from the blood of Andhaka when Śiva strikes him correspond with a set of eight Bhairavas), according to the Vāmanapurāṇa 44.23-38ff.

context information

Shaiva (शैव, śaiva) or Shaivism (śaivism) represents a tradition of Hinduism worshiping Shiva as the supreme being. Closely related to Shaktism, Shaiva literature includes a range of scriptures, including Tantras, while the root of this tradition may be traced back to the ancient Vedas.

India history and geography

Source: What is India: Epigraphia Indica volume XXXI (1955-56)

Āmardaka or Āmardakatīrtha is name of a penance-grove mentioned in the “Senakapāṭ inscription of the time of Śivagupta Bālārjuna” (7th century A.D.). Āmardaka is the penance-grove where the Śaiva ascetic Sadyaḥśivācarya originally resided. Āmardaka, which is the name of Kāla-Bhairava, a form of Śiva, was probably derived from the locality where the Bhairava was worshipped. A sect of Śaiva ascetics, associated with the same locality is known from the Haddala (Saurashtra) plates of Śaka 836.

Apparently the same place is mentioned as Āmardaka-tīrtha in the Rajorgarh (Alwar District, Rajasthan) inscription of V. S. 1016. The name of a Śaiva ascetic is given as Āmardakatīrthanātha in a record[3] from Ranod (old Gwalior State, Madhya Bharat). It is not possible to determine the exact location of Āmardaka in the present state of insufficient information.

This stone (mentioning Āmardaka) was found in the house of a Brāhmaṇa resident of Senakapāṭ. The object is to eulogise the construction of a Śiva temple and its dedication in favour of a Śaiva ascetic together with some plots of land.

context information

The history of India traces the identification of countries, villages, towns and other regions of India, as well as mythology, zoology, royal dynasties, rulers, tribes, local festivities and traditions and regional languages. Ancient India enjoyed religious freedom and encourages the path of Dharma, a concept common to Buddhism, Hinduism, and Jainism.

Languages of India and abroad

Sanskrit dictionary

Source: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Monier-Williams Sanskrit-English Dictionary

Āmardaka (आमर्दक):—[=ā-mardaka] [from ā-mṛd] m. Name of Kālabhairava.

[Sanskrit to German]

Amardaka in German

context information

Sanskrit, also spelled संस्कृतम् (saṃskṛtam), is an ancient language of India commonly seen as the grandmother of the Indo-European language family (even English!). Closely allied with Prakrit and Pali, Sanskrit is more exhaustive in both grammar and terms and has the most extensive collection of literature in the world, greatly surpassing its sister-languages Greek and Latin.

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