Alavaka Hatthaka: 1 definition
Introduction:
Alavaka Hatthaka means something in Buddhism, Pali. If you want to know the exact meaning, history, etymology or English translation of this term then check out the descriptions on this page. Add your comment or reference to a book if you want to contribute to this summary article.
In Buddhism
Theravada (major branch of Buddhism)
Source: Pali Kanon: Pali Proper NamesAn eminent lay disciple of the Buddha declared foremost among those who gather a following by means of the four bases of sympathy (catuhi vatthuhi parisam sanganhantanam) (A.i.26). He was the son of the, king of Alavi (hence his name Alavaka), and the Buddha saved him from being eaten by the Yakkha Alavaka. He was given the name of Hatthaka because he was handed to the Buddha by the Yakkha, after the latters conversion, and by the Buddha to the kings messengers. He was thus handed from one to another (hatthato hattham gatatta) (AA.i.212; SNA.i.240).
When he grew up Hatthaka heard the Buddha preach, and, in due course, became an Anagami. He was always accompanied by five hundred lay disciples, and was one of seven laymen who had such a following (SA.iii.223). The books record several conversations between the Buddha and Hatthaka. He once saw the Buddha at Gomagga in Simsapavana, near Alavi, and asked him if he were one of those who lived happily. The Buddha said he was always happy in any circumstances (A.i.136f). On another occasion the Buddha asked Hatthaka how he could command the allegiance of such a large company. By the four bases of sympathy, he answered,
- by giving gifts,
- by kindly words,
- by kindly deeds,
- by equality of treatment.
And when Hatthaka had gone, the Buddha praised him for his eminence, in that he possessed eight marvellous qualities:
- faith,
- virtue,
- conscientiousness,
- fear of blame,
- ability to listen well,
- charity,
- wisdom,
- modesty. (A.iv.218f; his modesty is especially mentioned elsewhere also e.g., at A.iv.216).
Together with Citta gahapati, Hatthaka is often held up as an example to be copied by others. (E.g., at S.ii.235; A.i.88; ii.164; iii.451, etc.).
After death, Hatthaka was born in Aviha, there to pass away entirely. From there he once visited the Buddha and tried to stand in his presence, but collapsed and could not remain upright. The Buddha then asked him to create a gross body form, and when he did this he was able to stand. He told the Buddha that he was constantly surrounded by devas wishing to learn the Dhamma from him, and confessed that he had died regretting three things -
of not having seen enough of the Buddha, of not heard enough of the Dhamma, of not served enough the Sangha (A.i.278f).
In the Buddhavamsa (Bu.xxvi.19), Citta and Hatthakalavaka are mentioned as the chief lay patrons (aggupatthaka) of Gotama Buddha.
Theravāda is a major branch of Buddhism having the the Pali canon (tipitaka) as their canonical literature, which includes the vinaya-pitaka (monastic rules), the sutta-pitaka (Buddhist sermons) and the abhidhamma-pitaka (philosophy and psychology).
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