Akula, Ākula: 22 definitions
Introduction:
Akula means something in Hinduism, Sanskrit, Buddhism, Pali, Marathi, Hindi. If you want to know the exact meaning, history, etymology or English translation of this term then check out the descriptions on this page. Add your comment or reference to a book if you want to contribute to this summary article.
Alternative spellings of this word include Akul.
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In Hinduism
Purana and Itihasa (epic history)
1) Ākula (आकुल) refers to “vexed” [=“irritated”?], according to the Śivapurāṇa 2.3.14 (“The Birth of Tāraka and Vajrāṅga”).—Accordingly, after Varāṅgī spoke to Vajrāṅga: “On hearing the words of his beloved, he was disagreeably surprised and vexed [i.e., ākula]. He was free from inimical thoughts. With perfect wisdom and Sāttvika feelings in his heart he said:—[...]”.
2) Akula (अकुल) refers to “one having no family” and is used to describe Śiva, according to the Śivapurāṇa 2.3.48 (“Description of Marriage of Śiva and Pārvatī”).—Accordingly, as Nārada said to Himavat (Himācala): “[...] Śiva was directly asked by you to mention His Gotra. On this occasion these words are utterly ridiculous and derisible. [...] He has no Gotra, family (akula) or name [e.g., agotrakulanāmā hi]. He is independent. He is favourably disposed to His devotees. At His will He assumes bodies taking many names. He is full of attributes. He is sugotrin (having good gotra) as well as devoid of gotra. He is of noble family as well as devoid of a family. Thanks to Pārvatī’s penance. He has now become your son-in-law, There is no doubt about it. [...]”.
The Purana (पुराण, purāṇas) refers to Sanskrit literature preserving ancient India’s vast cultural history, including historical legends, religious ceremonies, various arts and sciences. The eighteen mahapuranas total over 400,000 shlokas (metrical couplets) and date to at least several centuries BCE.
Shaivism
1) Ākula (आकुल) or Samākula refers to “full of” (e.g., ‘that forest which is full of animals’), according to the Guhyasūtra chapter 3.—Accordingly, “[...] One may perform the Block-of-Wood Observance in a forest full of (sam-ākīrṇa/sam-ākula) bears, tigers and lions, conquering the urges to sleep and eat, [constantly] reciting. If one takes on the appearance of a woman and sings and dances, adorned with bracelets, with a winnowing fan, ball and plait, one observes the Colourful Observance. With a weapon in hand, full of compassion, if one wanders like a saviour of creatures (?) focussed upon recitation, meditation and worship, one performs the Warrior Observance. [...]”.
2) Akula (अकुल) or Akulapada refers to the “realm of akula (=‘supreme/full’)”, according to Jayaratha ad Nityāṣoḍaśikārṇava verse 4.14.—Accordingly, “Then leaving behind the kula, i.e. the body, she goes to the one who is in the realm of akula [i.e., akulapadāvasthitaṃ], the supreme, i.e. full […] Person, the highest authority, who is without a body and without bodily form, with his innate nature manifest and therefore lacking qualities, i.e. she reaches oneness with Him. This is the meaning [of this verse]”.
Shaiva (शैव, śaiva) or Shaivism (śaivism) represents a tradition of Hinduism worshiping Shiva as the supreme being. Closely related to Shaktism, Shaiva literature includes a range of scriptures, including Tantras, while the root of this tradition may be traced back to the ancient Vedas.
Shaktism
Akula (अकुल) and Kula are complimentary polarities. One polarity is the female deity. She is Kula. [...] The other polarity is the transcendental source of this power. It is the male deity who is Akula. This term implies that the male aspect is all that the female aspect is not. The privative prefix ‘a’ indicates that this polarity is to be understood apophatically not as what it is, which, transcendent, is beyond predication, but what it is not, namely, the sphere of its manifestation. It is pure transcendental consciousness and being which, in a sense is all that, in phenomenal terms, Kula is not. Accordingly, Akula, the male deity, is emptiness -the Void which is the source of power and its energies that constitute Akula's ‘fullness’ (pūrṇatā) through which the process of creation and destruction takes place and of which it is its inner nature. Thus the two polarities—the emptiness of Akula and the fullness of Kula—work together.
Shakta (शाक्त, śākta) or Shaktism (śāktism) represents a tradition of Hinduism where the Goddess (Devi) is revered and worshipped. Shakta literature includes a range of scriptures, including various Agamas and Tantras, although its roots may be traced back to the Vedas.
Languages of India and abroad
Pali-English dictionary
ākula : (adj.) entangled; confused.
Ākula, (adj.) (ā + *kul of which Sk.-P. kula, to Idg *qǔel to turn round, cp. also cakka & carati; lit. meaning “revolving quickly”, & so “confused”) entangled, confused, upset, twisted, bewildered J.I, 123 (salākaggaṃ °ṃ karoti to upset or disturb); Vv 849 (andha°); PvA.287 (an° clear). Often reduplicated as ākulākula thoroughly confused Miln.117, 220; PvA.56; ākula-pākula Ud.5 (so read for akkula-pakkula); ākula-samākula J.VI, 270. ‹-› On phrase tantākula-jātā gulā-guṇṭhika-jātā see guḷā. (Page 94)
1) akula (အကုလ) [(na) (န)]—
[na+kula]
[န+ကုလ]
2) ākula (အာကုလ) [(ti) (တိ)]—
[ā+kula+a]
[အာ+ကုလ+အ]
[Pali to Burmese]
1) akula—
(Burmese text): (၁) ယုတ်ညံ့သော အမျိုး၊ အမျိုးယုတ်။ အကုလပုတ္တ-ကြည့်။ (၂) (တိ) အမျိုးဇာတ်မရှိသော၊ သည်။ အကုလတာ-ကြည့်။ (၃) အမျိုးအဆွေ မရှိခြင်း၊ အထီးကျန်ခြင်း။
(Auto-Translation): (1) Stubborn species, stubborn type. Look at everything broadly. (2) (Term) Without any nature, that is. Look at everything holistically. (3) Absence of relatives, solitude.
2) ākula—
(Burmese text): (၁) (က) ရှုပ်ထွေး-ရောယှက်-သော။ (ခ) ရှုပ်ထွေး-ချောက်ချား-မငြိမ်သက်-မသန့်ရှင်း-သော။ (ဂ) ရောထွေး-ပြည့်နှက်-စည်ကား- သိုက်မြိုက်-သော။ (ပု) (၂) ရှေးဦးစွာ တစ်ကြိမ်တည်းသာ- ဖြစ်ပေါ် မွေးဖွား-သော သတ္တဝါ၊ (ခြင်္သေ့,ကျား စသော သားအိမ်၌ ဖြစ်သောသတ္တဝါ)။
(Auto-Translation): (1) (a) Complex-mixed. (b) Complex-disorderly-unsettled-unclean. (c) Mixed-filled-crowded-jumbled. (2) A creature that occurs only once in ancient times, born as a singular entity (such as a lion or a tiger).
Pali is the language of the Tipiṭaka, which is the sacred canon of Theravāda Buddhism and contains much of the Buddha’s speech. Closeley related to Sanskrit, both languages are used interchangeably between religions.
Marathi-English dictionary
ākula (आकुल).—a S pop. ākūḷa a Filled with; overcome or overwhelmed with; thoroughly occupied and overborne by. In comp. as krōdhākula Inflamed with anger; cintākula Distressed by anxiety; bhayākula Agitated by fear, alarmed, confounded; nidrākula Overpowered with sleep; madākula, śōkā- kula, lōbhākula, harṣākula, kṣudhākula, tṛṣākula, kāmākula, mōhākula, māyākula, duḥkhākula.
ākula (आकुल).—a Overwhelmed with: filled with.
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ākūḷa (आकूळ).—a Overwhelmed with: filled with.
Marathi is an Indo-European language having over 70 million native speakers people in (predominantly) Maharashtra India. Marathi, like many other Indo-Aryan languages, evolved from early forms of Prakrit, which itself is a subset of Sanskrit, one of the most ancient languages of the world.
Sanskrit dictionary
Akula (अकुल).—a. [apraśastaṃ kulaṃ yasya] Low, mean, of a low family.
-laḥ -lam Name of Śiva; अकुलं शिव इत्युक्तः कुलं शक्तिः प्रकीर्तिता (akulaṃ śiva ityuktaḥ kulaṃ śaktiḥ prakīrtitā)
-lā Name of Pārvatī.
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Ākula (आकुल).—a.
1) Full of, burdened or filled with (in general); अश्रुर्ण्णाकुलेक्षणम् (aśrurṇṇākulekṣaṇam) Bhagavadgītā (Bombay) 2.1. प्रचलदूर्मिमालाकुलम् (pracaladūrmimālākulam) (samudram) Bhartṛhari 2.4; मृगपक्षिगणाकुलम् (mṛgapakṣigaṇākulam) Rām; बाष्पाकुलां वाचम् (bāṣpākulāṃ vācam) Nala.4.18; आलापकुतूहलाकुलतरे श्रोत्रे (ālāpakutūhalākulatare śrotre) Amaruśataka 87.
2) Overcome, affected, or afflicted, smitten; हर्ष°, शोक°, विस्मय°, स्नेह° (harṣa°, śoka°, vismaya°, sneha°) &c.
3) Busily or intently engaged or absorbed in; विभवगुरुभिः कृत्यैस्तस्य प्रतिक्षणमाकुला (vibhavagurubhiḥ kṛtyaistasya pratikṣaṇamākulā) Ś.4.19.
4) Confounded, agitated, flurried distracted; नगरीमाकुलां कृत्वा वञ्चयित्वा च रावणम् (nagarīmākulāṃ kṛtvā vañcayitvā ca rāvaṇam) Rām.5. 56.24; अभिचैद्यं प्रतिष्ठासुरासीत्कार्यद्वयाकुलः (abhicaidyaṃ pratiṣṭhāsurāsītkāryadvayākulaḥ) Śiśupālavadha 2.1; perplexed, at a loss what to do, undetermined; नयवर्त्माकुलमर्जुनाग्रजम् (nayavartmākulamarjunāgrajam) Kirātārjunīya 2.54. °आकुल (ākula) very much agitated; K.1,28; Kirātārjunīya 14.32.
5) Dishevelled, disordered (as hair); असंयताकुलालकान् (asaṃyatākulālakān) K.6,243; स्रस्तः स्रग्दामशोभां त्यजति विर- चितामाकुलः केशपाशः (srastaḥ sragdāmaśobhāṃ tyajati vira- citāmākulaḥ keśapāśaḥ) Ratnāvalī 1.17; Kirātārjunīya 8.18.
6) Wild dreary; Ś.2.
7) Taken out of one's natural condition.
8) Incoherent, contradictory.
-lam An inhabited place; रहितेष्वाकुलेषु च (rahiteṣvākuleṣu ca) Rām. adv. In bewilderment; किमेतदित्या- कुलमीक्षितं जनैः (kimetadityā- kulamīkṣitaṃ janaiḥ) Śiśupālavadha 1.2.
Akula (अकुल).—mfn.
(-laḥ-lā-laṃ) Low, mean, of low family. E. a neg. kula family.
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Ākula (आकुल).—mfn.
(-laḥ-lā-laṃ) 1. Confounded, confused, flurried. 2. Confused (in order), disordered. 3. Incoherent, contradictory. E. āṅ, kula to accumulate, and ka affix; not self-possessed.
Ākula (आकुल).—i. e. probably ā-kṛ10 + a, adj., f. lā. 1. Crowded. 2. Fully occupied. 3. Confounded. 4. Distressed. 5. Perplexed.
Akula (अकुल).—[adjective] of low (lit. of no) family; low-born, base.
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Ākula (आकुल).—[adjective] confounded, confused, agitated, anxious; overburdened with, full of ([instrumental] or —°).
1) Akula (अकुल):—[=a-kula] mfn. not of good family, low
2) [v.s. ...] m. Name of Śiva, [cf. Lexicographers, esp. such as amarasiṃha, halāyudha, hemacandra, etc.]
3) Akulā (अकुला):—[=a-kulā] [from a-kula] f. Name of Pārvatī, [cf. Lexicographers, esp. such as amarasiṃha, halāyudha, hemacandra, etc.]
4) [v.s. ...] f. the 1st, 3rd, 5th, 7th, 9th, 11th, and 13th days of a half-month
5) Akula (अकुल):—[=a-kula] n. Name of [particular] lunar mansions.
6) [v.s. ...] (in [astronomy]) Name of Sunday, Monday, Thursday, and Saturday
7) Ākula (आकुल):—[=ā-kula] mf(ā)n. ([from] ā- √1. kṝ ?) confounded, confused, agitated, flurried, [Mahābhārata] etc.
8) [v.s. ...] confused (in order), disordered, [ib.]
9) [v.s. ...] filled, full, overburdened with ([instrumental case] or generally in [compound]), eagerly occupied, [ib.]
10) [v.s. ...] n. a place crowded with people, [Rāmāyaṇa iii, 43, 34]
11) [v.s. ...] ‘confusion’ See sākula.
Akula (अकुल):—[bahuvrihi compound] I. m. f. n.
(-laḥ-lā-lam) Of no or low family, low. Ii. m.
(-laḥ) A name of Śiva. f.
(-lā) A name of Pārvatī, the wife of Śiva. See nakula. E. a
1) deter.
2) priv. and kula.
1) Akula (अकुल):—[a-kula] (la-lā-laṃ) a. Low, of mean birth or race, or parentage.
2) Ākula (आकुल):—[ā-kula] (laḥ-lā-laṃ) a. Confused.
Akula (अकुल):—(3. a + kula)
1) adj. von niedrigem Geschlecht. —
2) m. Śiva, [Śivanāmasahasra] —
3) f. akulā Śiva’s Gemahlin [Hemacandra’s Abhidhānacintāmaṇi 56.] — Vgl. nakulā .
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Ākula (आकुल):—
1) adj. f. ā [Amarakoṣa 2, 8, 2, 67. 3, 2, 21. 4, 192.] [Trikāṇḍaśeṣa 3, 3, 380.] [Hemacandra’s Abhidhānacintāmaṇi 366. 1472.] a) erfüllt, voll überhäuft von Etwas; mit dem instr.: tathā tairupayātaiśca pratipadbhiśca -ākulā sā sabhā tāta bhavati sma [Mahābhārata 2, 475.] bhartṛśokena cākulā [Rāmāyaṇa 3, 63, 4.] kṛtyaistasya (von Pflichten gegen ihn) pratikṣaṇamākulā [Śākuntala 94.] gewöhnlich am Ende eines comp. utsavaḥ janākulaḥ [Rāmāyaṇa 1, 19, 11.] gokulākula [2, 46, 17. 50, 9.] mṛgapakṣigaṇākula [3, 74, 8.] [Viśvāmitra’s Kampf 4, 12.] ājyadhūmākula [Rāmāyaṇa 3, 17, 18.] [Viśvāmitra’s Kampf 6, 18.] tasyālāpakutūhalākulatare śrotre [Amaruśataka 81.] sāgaraṃ pracaladūrmimālākulam [Bhartṛhari 2, 4. 3, 11.] vāṣpākulāṃ vācam [Nalopākhyāna 4, 18.] patiśokākulā [16, 11.] vismayā [Rāmāyaṇa 4, 50, 14.] bhayā [Hitopadeśa 18, 11.] [Geschichte des Vidūṣaka 107.] snehā [179.] harṣā [50.] kopā [Kathāsaritsāgara 1, 43.] pipāsā [Pañcatantra 9, 11.] gharmākula [Hitopadeśa 42, 14.] dravyābhilāṣākula [I, 204.] In vielen von diesen Beispielen spielt die Bedeut. schon nach b. hinüber. — b) in Verwirrung oder Unordnung gerathen, aus seinem natürlichen Zustande gebracht, verwirrt (übertr.): ākulakeśānta [Rāmāyaṇa 3, 58, 45.] ākulāṃ nagarīṃ kṛtvā [5, 54, 1.] tānākulāndṛṣṭvā viśvāmitrāstramohitān [Viśvāmitra’s Kampf 5, 1.] hastihastaparikliṣṭāmākulāṃ padminīmiva [Rāmāyaṇa 5, 21, 15.] ākulāvartāṃ tamasām (Nomen proprium eines Flusses) [2, 46, 28.] aśrupūrṇākulekṣaṇa [Bhagavadgītā 2, 1.] atyākulaṃ kathayasi [Mṛcchakaṭikā 130, 8.] śokasāgaramadhyastho dadhyau kāraṇamākulaḥ [Mahābhārata 3, 17304.] [Kathāsaritsāgara 12, 183. 13, 161.] ākulendriya [Rāmāyaṇa 1, 1, 52. 3, 79, 1.] ityārūḍhabahupratarkamaparicchedākulaṃ me manaḥ [Śākuntala 106.] kautukākulacetas [ŚUK. 43, 18.] sacintākulam (sacinta + ā) [Śākuntala 32, 2.] vihvalākula [Geschichte des Vidūṣaka 29.] —
2) n. eine mit Menschen angefüllte, eine bewohnte Gegend: rahiteṣvākuleṣu ca [Rāmāyaṇa 3, 43, 34.] — Wird von kul abgeleitet, scheint uns aber eher von kar, kirati mit ā abzustammen. — Vgl. paryākula, vyākula, saṃkula, samākula .
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Akula (अकुल):—(3. a + kula) n. Bez. Śiva’s bei den Tāntrika: akulaṃ śiva ityuktaḥ kulaṃ śaktiḥ prakīrtitā [Oxforder Handschriften 92,a,31.] kulāṣṭaka, akulāṣṭaka [91,b,35.]
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Ākula (आकुल):—
1) b) yuddha [Kathāsaritsāgara 108, 44.] ākulakrūrā (kuṭumbinī) wild und ron [Spr. 4553.] —
3) n. Verwirrung: sākula verwirrt [Kathāsaritsāgara 78, 94. 106, 149.]
Akula (अकुल):—Adj. von niedrigem Geschlecht [161,22.] Davon tā f. Nom.abstr.
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Ākula (आकुल):——
1) Adj. (f. ā) — a) in Verwirrung oder Unordnung gerathen , verworren , aus seinem natürlichen Zustande gebracht , verwirrt (auch in übertr. Bed.). — b) dicht besetzt , erfüllt — , voll von , überhäuft mit (Instr. oder im Comp. vorangehend) [213.14,15.] —
2) n. — a) ein mit Menschen erfüllter Ort. — b) Verwirrung.
Ākula (आकुल) in the Sanskrit language is related to the Prakrit word: Āula.
Sanskrit, also spelled संस्कृतम् (saṃskṛtam), is an ancient language of India commonly seen as the grandmother of the Indo-European language family (even English!). Closely allied with Prakrit and Pali, Sanskrit is more exhaustive in both grammar and terms and has the most extensive collection of literature in the world, greatly surpassing its sister-languages Greek and Latin.
Hindi dictionary
Ākula (आकुल) [Also spelled akul]:—(a) restless, uneasy; distracted; distressed.
...
Kannada-English dictionary
Akula (ಅಕುಲ):—[adjective] of low birth; coming from a low family; ignoble.
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Akula (ಅಕುಲ):—
1) [noun] lowness of family.
2) [noun] state of being not belonging to any family or being above the consideration of family.
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Ākula (ಆಕುಲ):—
1) [adjective] being spread without any order; wanting order; scattered; strewn.
2) [adjective] mentally agitated; perturbed; grief-stricken.
3) [adjective] filled with; full of; abounding in.
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Ākula (ಆಕುಲ):—[noun] mental agitation; perplexity; perturbed state of the mind; distress; grief.
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Ākuḷa (ಆಕುಳ):—[adjective] = ಆಕುಲ [akula]1.
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Ākuḷa (ಆಕುಳ):—[noun] = ಆಕುಲ [akula]2.
Kannada is a Dravidian language (as opposed to the Indo-European language family) mainly spoken in the southwestern region of India.
Nepali dictionary
1) Akula (अकुल):—adj. having no definite line of origin/family;
2) Ākula (आकुल):—adj. 1. agitated; anxious; eager; uneasy; confused; 2. distressed;
Nepali is the primary language of the Nepalese people counting almost 20 million native speakers. The country of Nepal is situated in the Himalaya mountain range to the north of India.
See also (Relevant definitions)
Partial matches (+0): A, Kula, Kola, Na.
Starts with (+9): Akulabhava, Akulabhavavirahita, Akulabyakula, Akulacitta, Akulagamatantra, Akulagamayogashastra, Akulagame yogasarasamuccaya, Akulahat, Akulahata, Akulai, Akulaja, Akulajata, Akulaje, Akulaka, Akulakrit, Akulakula, Akulam, Akulana, Akulaniya, Akulapada.
Full-text (+316): Kola, Nakula, Kulla, Anakula, Nirakula, Akulata, Samakula, Vyakula, Shakula, Akuli, Paryakula, Cintakula, Shokakula, Kulattha, Akulaka, Kalakula, Akulatva, Vismayakula, Bhayakula, Nirakulam.
Relevant text
Search found 75 books and stories containing Akula, A-kula, A-kulā, Ā-kula, A-kula-a, Ā-kula-a, Ākula, Ākūḷa, Ākūla, Akulā, Ākuḷa, Na-kula; (plurals include: Akulas, kulas, kulās, as, Ākulas, Ākūḷas, Ākūlas, Akulās, Ākuḷas). You can also click to the full overview containing English textual excerpts. Below are direct links for the most relevant articles:
Principle of Shakti in Kashmir Shaivism (Study) (by Nirmala V.)
Part 2.1 - Akula—The Supreme Self < [Chapter 5 - Impacts of the Evolution]
Part 3.2 - Kula, Krama and Trika: Renovated Expressions < [Chapter 5 - Impacts of the Evolution]
Part 2.4 - Anuttara: The Unsurpassable Ultimate < [Chapter 5 - Impacts of the Evolution]
Cidgaganacandrika (study) (by S. Mahalakshmi)
Verse 262 [Kāli’s greatness revealed] < [Chapter 4 - Fourth Vimarśa]
Verse 46 [Śakti and Kula-Dharma] < [Chapter 2 - Second Vimarśa]
Verse 47 [Īśvara and Jīva Bhāvas] < [Chapter 2 - Second Vimarśa]
Digha Nikaya (Long Discourses) (by Bhikkhu Sujato)
10. Six Drawbacks of Laziness < [Discourse 31: Advice to Sigālaka]
2.4. The Word “Son of a Slavegirl” is Used < [Discourse 3: With Ambaṭṭha]
2.5. The Discussion of Ambaṭṭha’s Heritage < [Discourse 3: With Ambaṭṭha]
Lalitopakhyana (Lalita Mahatmya) (by G.V. Tagare)
Bhakti-rasamrta-sindhu (by Śrīla Rūpa Gosvāmī)
Verse 3.4.72 < [Part 4 - Parenthood (vātsalya-rasa)]
Verse 2.3.80 < [Part 3 - Involuntary Ecstatic Expressions (sattvika-bhāva)]
Verse 2.3.30 < [Part 3 - Involuntary Ecstatic Expressions (sattvika-bhāva)]