Significance of Witness
Synonyms: Observer, Eyewitness, Spectator
In Dutch: Getuige; In Finnish: Todistaja; In Spanish: Testigo; In German: Zeuge
The below excerpts are indicatory and do represent direct quotations or translations. It is your responsibility to fact check each reference.
Hindu concept of 'Witness'
In Hinduism, "Witness" refers to the true self, or Atman, as an observer separate from the mind, embodying pure consciousness. This essence, also known as Sakshi, perceives experiences without attachment, signifying higher awareness and omnipresence.
From: Vivekachudamani
(1) Refers to the Atman as the observer of the body's characteristics, activities, and states without being affected by them.[1] (2) The true essence of self that observes and is separate from the mind, representing ultimate reality or Brahman.[2] (3) The aspect of consciousness that observes all thoughts and actions without attachment.[3] (4) The unchanging, eternal aspect of the self that observes experiences and exists beyond the modifications of the ego.[4]
From: Taittiriya Upanishad
(1) The aspect of consciousness in the individual that observes thoughts and experiences, which becomes one with Brahman upon realization.[5]
From: Brihadaranyaka Upanishad
(1) In the context of the Internal Ruler, it refers to the self that observes all actions but remains unseen.[6]
From: Kaivalya Upanishad
(1) Describes the aspect of consciousness that observes all experiences and phenomena without being affected by them, signifying the true self's detached awareness.[7]
From: Thirty minor Upanishads
(1) The aspect of consciousness that observes experience, which is itself expressed through Cinmatra.[8]
From: Brahma Sutras (Shankaracharya)
(1) Refers to Brahman’s role as the observer or perceiver of all phenomena, remaining untouched by them.[9]
From: Garga Samhita (English)
(1) A being that observes and knows everything happening in the world.[10] (2) Refers to the Lord as an observer of all actions and events, emphasizing omnipresence.[11] (3) Refers to the aspect of observation and awareness that encompasses everything.[12] (4) Sakshi denotes the role of being an observer or witness.[13] (5) Sakshi refers to the aspect of the Supersoul that observes the behaviors and inner thoughts of all living entities.[14]
From: Manusmriti with the Commentary of Medhatithi
(1) An individual who provides evidence in a context, specifically in legal or philosophical discussions.[15] (2) Individuals who testify in court and bear responsibility for one-quarter of the injustice if they fail to honor the truth.[16]
From: Devi Bhagavata Purana
(1) The Devi's role as the observer in the hearts of all beings, distinct from actions ascribed to the Atman.[17]
From: Mahabharata (English)
(1) Evidence or testimony needed to affirm the truth about Sikhandin's sex.[18]
From: Charaka Samhita (English translation)
(1) The aspect of the self that observes experiences and sensations without being affected by them.[19]
The concept of Witness in local and regional sources
"Witness" signifies the role of divine figures as essential testifiers in pivotal occurrences, underscoring their importance in validating and affirming critical events within various spiritual or religious contexts. Their presence enhances the significance of witnessed moments.
From: Bhaktavijaya: Stories of Indian Saints
(1) The role or function of the divine figures being summoned to testify in a significant event.[20]