Significance of Upamshu-japa
Upamshu-japa is a form of chanting significant in Vaishnavism and Shaktism. In Vaishnavism, it is characterized as 'chanting very mildly,' aimed at achieving spiritual perfection and can be performed softly, often inaudible to others, supporting personal spiritual practice. Conversely, in Shaktism, Upamshu-japa refers to the whispered repetition of a mantra, which is deemed less effective compared to mental japa. This highlights the varying interpretations and methods of Upamshu-japa across different spiritual traditions.
The below excerpts are indicatory and do represent direct quotations or translations. It is your responsibility to fact check each reference.
Hindu concept of 'Upamshu-japa'
Upamshu-japa in Hinduism signifies a subtle form of chanting, characterized by soft, whispered mantra repetition. While beneficial for personal spirituality, it is deemed less effective than mental japa, promoting gradual perfection.
From: Chaitanya Bhagavata
(1) Chanting very softly in a manner that may not be audible to others, considered beneficial for personal spiritual practice.[1] (2) A form of chanting referred to as 'chanting very mildly,' which is effective for attaining perfection.[2]
From: Varahi Tantra (English Study)
(1) Whispered repetition of a mantra, considered a less effective method than mental japa.[3]
From: Shiva Purana
(1) A type of Japa performed in a low voice, where the tongue moves but the utterance is barely audible.[4]