Significance of Proper conduct
Proper conduct is a multifaceted concept across various religions, emphasizing moral and ethical behaviors aligned with spiritual principles. In Jainism and Vaishnavism, it encompasses moral behavior expected of individuals, particularly highlighting pure actions like sadacara. Arthashastra and Purana stress adherence to social norms and duties. Dharmashastra categorizes proper conduct into behaviors associated with rituals and relationships. Mahayana and Theravada further elaborate on the expected conduct of Bodhisattvas and monks, respectively, focusing on respect, mindfulness, and adherence to ethical standards within their communities.
Synonyms: Good behavior, Appropriate behavior, Ethical behavior, Decorum, Propriety
In Dutch: Correct gedrag; In Finnish: Oikea käytös
The below excerpts are indicatory and do represent direct quotations or translations. It is your responsibility to fact check each reference.
Buddhist concept of 'Proper conduct'
Proper conduct in Buddhism encompasses ethical behavior for bhikkhus, focusing on reverence, mindfulness, and mutual respect within community interactions, particularly towards preceptors and peers, ensuring adherence to moral principles and promoting spiritual harmony.
From: Vinaya Pitaka (3): Khandhaka
(1) The appropriate behavior expected from monks towards their preceptor, including various rituals and acts of service.[1] (2) The expected behavior and actions a monk should follow after a formal act of censure has been imposed.[2] (3) The appropriate behavior that a teacher should exhibit towards their pupil.[3] (4) The correct and respectful behavior that preceptors must exhibit towards those who share their cells.[4] (5) The expected behavior and etiquette that a monk must follow when interacting with other monks.[5]
From: Vinaya (2): The Mahavagga
(1) The expected behavior that saddhiviharikas must observe towards their upajjhayas, as defined by Buddhist teachings.[6] (2) The expected behavior and respect that should be shown towards acariyas.[7]
From: Dhammapada (Illustrated)
(1) The behavior and actions that align with wisdom and ethical principles on the path to enlightenment.[8]
From: Vinaya Pitaka (4): Parivara
(1) The expected behavior or actions individuals must adhere to within a community or group.[9]
From: Maha Buddhavamsa—The Great Chronicle of Buddhas
(1) Proper conduct refers to the ethical and respectful behavior expected of a bhikkhu, emphasizing qualities like reverence, shame, mindfulness, and contentment in actions.[10]
From: Visuddhimagga (the pah of purification)
(1) Actions that are in line with ethical standards and supportive of spiritual and communal harmony.[11]
From: Bodhisattvacharyavatara
(1) The expected behavior or etiquette that should be followed while listening to the dharma.[12] (2) The correct attitude and behavior a student should exhibit while receiving teachings to ensure a beneficial experience.[13]
From: Lotus Sutra (Saddharma-Pundarika)
(1) The ethical and moral guidelines that a Bodhisattva Mahasattva follows, including abstaining from interactions that may lead to attachment or distraction.[14]
Hindu concept of 'Proper conduct'
Proper conduct in Hinduism encompasses moral and ethical behavior that aligns with spiritual principles and societal norms, guiding individuals in various roles to maintain righteousness, respect, and fulfill their responsibilities within their communities and religious practices.
From: Brihad Bhagavatamrita (commentary)
(1) Behavior that aligns with moral and ethical standards.[15] (2) The expected behavior or moral standards (sadacara) that devotees are considered not to transgress despite giving up their occupational duties.[16] (3) The behavior and morals known as acara, which serve as the foundation of religion (dharma) and emphasizes the importance of virtuous living.[17] (4) Refers to sadacara or pure behavior expected of sadhus, emphasizing the importance of acting in alignment with moral and ethical standards.[18] (5) Guidelines that instruct ordinary people on how to behave virtuously.[19]
From: Chaitanya Bhagavata
(1) Appropriate and respectful behavior, especially in the context of worship and religious practice.[20] (2) Codes of behavior that dictate acceptable actions within a social or religious context.[21] (3) The ideal behavior exemplified by the Lord, who is always respectful to people.[22]
From: Bhakti-rasamrta-sindhu
(1) Behavior that aligns with scriptural rules and guidelines.[23] (2) The appropriate behavior expected from individuals in specific situations, as outlined for both men and women in relation to their partners' actions.[24]
From: Padma Purana
(1) The ethical and appropriate actions that are expected to follow upon taking the sacrificial horse.[25] (2) Behavior that adheres to moral principles and is aligned with truth, leading to positive outcomes.[26] (3) The righteous and ethical actions that Prithu must consider in his dealings, especially in relation to Earth and his subjects.[27] (4) Proper conduct refers to moral and ethical behavior that aligns with spiritual principles, leading to favor from the deities.[28]
From: Mahabharata (English)
(1) The expected behavior of a king that reflects his responsibilities and maintains his authority.[29] (2) The behaviors and practices that align with moral and ethical teachings, emphasized in the context of hospitality and caring for others.[30]
From: Yoga Vasistha [English], Volume 1-4
(1) The state of being in accordance with one's duties and responsibilities, which Rama is struggling to maintain.[31]
From: Manusmriti with the Commentary of Medhatithi
(1) The set of behaviors expected from a student when in the presence of their teacher, focused on respect and attentiveness.[32] (2) The moral or ethical behavior expected from individuals, which can be learned from the teachings of the Brahmana.[33] (3) Refers to the expected behaviors and qualities of a wife that are deemed virtuous or desirable according to traditional guidelines.[34]
From: Gautama Dharmasutra
(1) The ethical behavior that is expected from individuals participating in Shraddha rituals, dictating whom one may or may not invite.[35]
From: Shukra Niti by Shukracharya
(1) Behavior that aligns with social norms and moral expectations.[36]
Jain concept of 'Proper conduct'
In Jainism, Proper conduct embodies the moral principles that inform King Shrishena's behavior and choices, emphasizing ethical living and integrity as essential components of righteous leadership and decision-making.
From: Trishashti Shalaka Purusha Caritra
(1) The expected moral behavior that guides King Shrishena's actions and decisions.[37]