Significance of Mitochondrial DNA

Mitochondrial DNA is the circular DNA found in mitochondria, solely inherited from the mother. It encodes essential mitochondrial proteins and plays a crucial role in genetic studies due to its high mutation rate, making it useful for tracing lineage and forensic identification. Additionally, mitochondrial DNA is hypothesized to be influenced by certain polymorphisms that may affect cellular processes and contribute to various diseases. It is distinct from chromosomal DNA and is integral in exploring genetic connectivity and phylogenetic relationships.

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The concept of Mitochondrial DNA in scientific sources

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