Significance of Mathura
In Dutch: Mathura; In German: Mathura; In Finnish: Mathura; In Spanish: Mathura; In Swedish: Mathura; In Malay: Mathura; In French: Mathura; In Portugese: Mathura; In Italian: Mathura; In Polish: Mathura
The below excerpts are indicatory and do represent direct quotations or translations. It is your responsibility to fact check each reference.
Buddhist concept of 'Mathura'
In Buddhism, Mathura encompasses Upagupta's monastery, the introduction of Buddhist Hybrid Sanskrit, and significant events in a wealthy guild-president's life. It is also a historical city in India, central to Buddhist traditions, with rich cultural heritage and a place where the Buddha preached.
From: Maha Prajnaparamita Sastra
(1) A place near which a dried-up pool was located.[1] (2) A kingdom where the Buddha went after converting the naga-king Apalala, the master-potter (kumbhakara), the candala, and the naga Gopali, according to Tsa a han.[2] (3) The city where Upagupta's monastery was located and where his relics were preserved.[3] (4) A historical city in India, significant in Buddhist and Jain traditions, known for its rich cultural heritage.[4] (5) A historical place that illustrates parts of the story surrounding the visit of Indra to the Buddha, important for the study of Buddhist icons.[5]
From: Mahavastu (great story)
(1) A city where a wealthy guild-president lived and where significant events took place.[6]
From: Maha Buddhavamsa—The Great Chronicle of Buddhas
(1) This is the city founded by the son of King Sadhina, who was the last of the twenty-eight kings. The descendants in that city were twenty-two.[7]
Hindu concept of 'Mathura'
Mathura is a significant city in Hinduism, primarily associated with Lord Krishna's life. It is considered his birthplace, a place of divine pastimes, and a destination for pilgrimages. Mathura is also linked to auspicious events, liberation, and artistic expression, holding a prominent place in Hindu mythology and devotion.
From: Garga Samhita (English)
(1) It is the destination of the messenger, a city where the royal assembly was located and where the message was delivered.[8] (2) Mathura, referred to as mathuram, is the destination for King Nanda, Balarama, the Nandas, the Upanandas, the Vrishabhanus, and the adult gopas, who will be bringing gifts.[9] (3) It identifies a specific location where wondrous acts were performed, establishing a setting for significant events and deeds.[10] (4) "Mathura" is identified as the location where the events described in the verse take place, indicating the geographical setting of the narrative.[11] (5) This is an ancient city in Uttar Pradesh, India, revered as the birthplace of Krishna and a significant pilgrimage site for Hindus.[12]
From: Chaitanya Bhagavata
(1) It is one of the locations, along with Gokula and Dvaraka, where a divine figure performs pastimes, but the sweet pastimes of Gokula are considered the topmost.[13] (2) Mathura is mentioned as having a capital city that is similar to navadvipa based on the provided content.[14] (3) A city that the children arranged and subsequently explored its various streets.[15] (4) This city served as the location where Krishna previously participated in the same activities, and is connected to the actions of the son of Shaci.[16] (5) This is a place where one of the boys declares he will soon take birth, along with Gokula.[17]
From: Brihad Bhagavatamrita (commentary)
(1) When the time arrives that Bhagavan personally descends in Mathura, all avataras merge into Him too.[18] (2) Mathura is the destination that the brahmana was determined to reach, chanting its name repeatedly as he traveled from Kashi.[19] (3) Mathura is described as far superior or extraordinary, and it is dear because Mathura is the birthplace, emphasizing its unparalleled importance and sacredness.[20] (4) It is the capital of the Yadavas that Shri Krishna obtained after destroying the demons.[21] (5) A destination suggested by the Lord, where one will see His form in time.[22]
From: Bhakti-rasamrta-sindhu
(1) Mathura is a holy place, according to the Brahmanda Purana, touching Mathura provides a readily available access to the bliss of prema, a state otherwise difficult to reach.[23] (2) Mathura is a city protected by Krishna through his judicious conduct, ensuring the well-being and security of its inhabitants through his wise and righteous actions.[24] (3) It is the destination the chariot is embarking for when the request is made regarding Krishna.[25] (4) It is the city where Krishna resides, surrounded by demons, causing affliction.[26] (5) It is a location where devotion to the Lord is attained and is desired by those who are liberated; it bestows dharma, artha, and kama, and awards liberation and bhakti.[27]
From: Srila Gurudeva (The Supreme Treasure)
(1) Abhaya Caranaravinda Prabhu came here after giving up his household life. He brought a medical formula for treating ringworm. He stayed at Keshavaji Gaudiya Matha, preaching, writing, and chanting.[28] (2) This city has a press that is considered less convenient than the one available in Delhi.[29] (3) A sacred city in India associated with Lord Krishna, where devotional activities mentioned took place.[30] (4) The city in India where many of Shrila Swami Maharaja's books were stored and where the narrator was managing the matha.[31] (5) A religious city where Shrila Gurudeva wished to celebrate but was advised against due to inadequate medical facilities.[32]
From: Prem Sagar (English translation)
(1) Mathura is the place where the inhabitants reside and where the sacrifice is taking place, and where the cowherds go to request food.[33] (2) The city where the welfare of Vasudeva and Devaki was of concern and where the sacrifice was to be held.[34] (3) The city that Shri Krishna and Balarama traveled to after being invited by Kamsa.[35] (4) The city under attack by Jurasindhu, where the inhabitants seek protection and guidance from Shri Krishna.[36] (5) The city that became the focal point for the brothers' actions and responsibilities.[37]
From: Bhajana-Rahasya
(1) It is a place associated with a lord, and is where hundreds of affectionate, beautiful ladies offer their services.[38] (2) The place where Shri Krishna left for, promising to return and giving hope.[39] (3) This is where Krishna went, leading to his separation from Radha and a period of living far away.[40] (4) The city where Shri Krishna went, leading to the feelings of separation for Shri Radha.[41] (5) A land near Vrindavana that is highly praised and is associated with Shri Krishna.[42]
From: Tiruvaymoli (Thiruvaimozhi): English translation
(1) A holy city in Uttar Pradesh, revered in this decad as an important center of worship and reference.[43] (2) The birthplace of Lord Krishna, where he descended from the Milk-ocean, symbolizing his earthly presence.[44]
From: Sri Krishna-Chaitanya
(1) The birthplace of Krishna and a site deeply imbued with historical and spiritual relevance in the account of His life.[45]
From: Vishnu Purana
(1) Mathura is the city to which Krishna returns after destroying his enemy, where he captures the enemy's army before taking them to Dvaraka.[46] (2) Mathura is the city to which Krishna and Balarama are traveling with Akrura, causing concern among the Gopis who fear they will not return to Gokula.[47] (3) The city that Krishna and his companions return to, governed by Ugrasena and known for its prosperous and happy inhabitants.[48] (4) A city referenced in the Varaha Purana, known for its significance in Hindu pilgrimage and sacred history.[49] (5) A city that faces an impending assault from Kalayavana and is where Krishna is engaged in a strategic effort to protect the Yadavas.[50]
From: Harivamsha Purana
(1) Mathura is referenced as the city where Krishna and Baladeva entered and powerfully destroyed the haughty Kamsa in the assembly.[51] (2) The city where the two heroic sons of Vasudeva, united with Damaghosha, arrived, leading to a joyous celebration with decorations and songs, and where the Yadavas resided.[52] (3) The target location for Jarasandha's attack, a significant city in the narrative.[53] (4) The destination Kalayavana aimed to reach for the purpose of defeating Keshava.[54]
From: Mahabharata (English)
(1) The people dwelling around this city, along with the Yavanas and Kamvojas, are skilled in fighting with bare arms, indicating their prowess in hand-to-hand combat.[55] (2) The homeland of the Yadavas that they were forced to abandon due to the fear of Jarasandha's power.[56]
From: Yoga Vasistha [English], Volume 1-4
(1) A significant location, seen as the place where the Brahman was born and educated, contributing to his identity.[57]
From: Bhagavad-gita-mahatmya
(1) A holy city capable of destroying all sins, where Lord Krishna resides and where many sages perform austerities.[58]
From: Garuda Purana
(1) The beautiful city of Mathura is listed among other renowned places of pilgrimage.[59]
From: Bhagavad-gita Mahatmya
(1) A city that destroys sins, where gods and men worship the self-born god.[60]
From: Brihaddharma Purana (abridged)
(1) Mathura is described in the text as the city of Krishna and is said to be held on the Lord Kesava’s Sudarsana Chakra, highlighting its association with divinity.[61]
From: Kathasaritsagara (the Ocean of Story)
(1) Mathura is the city that Yavanasena, the merchant’s son, is from, before he lost his property and became a servant.[62] (2) A city regarded as the birthplace of Krishna and a significant center of worship in Hindu mythology, which has historically suffered invasions leading to the destruction of many temples.[63]
From: Manusmriti with the Commentary of Medhatithi
(1) The endpoint mentioned for the geographical description of the Doab, significant in the context of various ancient texts.[64]
From: International Research Journal of Ayurveda and Yoga
(1) He is an author of Yogatarangini, with commentary Taranga-73/13 Choukhambha Vidya bhavan, Varanasi.[65]
Jain concept of 'Mathura'
In Jainism, Mathura symbolizes a pivotal city. It's a center of power, predicted for destruction, and a site of Krishna's life. It's also where battles occur, ascetics reside, and familial ties are forged, reflecting key narrative elements and challenges.
From: Trishashti Shalaka Purusha Caritra
(1) The place where Brihaddhvaja, one of Vasu's sons, went after his father's death.[66] (2) A city where various events take place, including a wrestling match, and is the location of Kamsa's reign.[67] (3) A city that distinguishes the Arya-country known as Sauviras.[68] (4) This is the location where Ugrasena was the king, and his chief-queen was Dharini.[69] (5) This was the city where Shatrughna was born many times, and where Acala eventually became king, and also the place where Acala fought with his brothers.[70]
The concept of Mathura in local and regional sources
Mathura is a sacred city in India, central to Hindu mythology as Krishna's birthplace and a significant location in his life. It's mentioned in various contexts, including directional references, trade routes, and its role in worship and cultural practices.
From: Bhaktavijaya: Stories of Indian Saints
(1) Mathura is noted as a place where the deity resided, being the killer of Kansa and the founder of religion.[71] (2) This is a district where King Akbar appointed Surdas to be an official; it is also a place, along with Gokul and Vrindavan, where Shri Krishna manifested his lila.[72] (3) "Mathura" is a location where Surdas hears about the king's order, serving as a focal point for receiving important information and prompting Surdas to reflect on the situation.[73] (4) This is a place where Krishna went after leaving Gokul, the text mentions this place.[74] (5) One of the principal locations associated with Krishna's life, known for its spiritual significance.[75]
From: Triveni Journal
(1) One of the cities that a train passes through on its journey, situated before other cities and agricultural landscapes.[76] (2) This is one of the later indigenous schools where the chauri-bearer stands midway between it and the old Indian archaic school.[77] (3) An ancient city known for its vibrant trade routes and as a center for icon-making, reflecting the intersection of commerce and cultural artistry.[78]
From: History of Science in South Asia
(1) Mathura is a location in India, mentioned within the provided text as part of a geographical listing in the gazetteer.[79]
From: The Complete Works of Swami Vivekananda
(1) Mathura represents a location where Kirtana musical compositions originate, embodying the essence of true musicality because it allows for the genuine expression of feeling.[80]
From: Buddhist records of the Western world (Xuanzang)
(1) Mathura, also known as Muttra, is situated to the east, approximately 500 li away from a specific location, as the text mentions, providing a directional reference within the narrative's geographical context.[81] (2) Mathura is a city situated on the Yamuna River in the ancient shurasenaka district.[82]
The concept of Mathura in scientific sources
Mathura is a regional source connected to early Indian art. Specifically, Mathura is referenced when discussing the headdresses of Avalokiteshvara images from the 3rd-4th centuries CE.
From: Religions Journal (MDPI)
(1) In early Indian art, this concept is visually represented in the headdresses of Avalokiteshvara images dated from the 3rd or 4th century CE.[83]
From: Asian Journal of Pharmaceutics
(1) GLA University, where the research was conducted, is located in this city in Uttar Pradesh, India.[84]