Significance of Layman
In Jainism, the term layman describes a common individual who does not belong to the clergy or monastic order, yet plays a supportive role within the religious community, such as assisting monks or nuns. Laymen can achieve purification through spiritual practices, like Kundalamandita, who renounces his former ways. Similarly, in Theravada Buddhism, a layman is a non-monastic person, often involved in household duties for the clergy, emphasizing their connection to spiritual life without formal ordination.
Synonyms: Novice, Beginner, Outsider, Common person, General public.
The below excerpts are indicatory and do represent direct quotations or translations. It is your responsibility to fact check each reference.
Buddhist concept of 'Layman'
In Buddhism, a Layman denotes a non-monastic individual, highlighting considerations like a young monk's potential departure from monastic life, and also refers to someone receiving household services, such as food preparation by nuns.
From: Vinaya Pitaka (2): Bhikkhuni-vibhanga (the analysis of Nun’ rules)
(1) A term used to describe a non-monastic person for whom the nuns might cook food as part of household work.[1]
From: Dhammapada (Illustrated)
(1) A non-monastic individual; in this context, it refers to the young monk's consideration of leaving monastic life.[2]
From: The Great Chronicle of Buddhas
(1) A person who is not a member of the monastic community in Buddhism, often referred to in discussions about commitment to spiritual practice.[3]
From: The Jataka tales [English], Volume 1-6
(1) Individuals in the king's court, including priests and friends, who attempted to console king Assaka during his mourning.[4]
Jain concept of 'Layman'
In Jainism, a Layman is a non-monastic individual contributing to the religious community, assisting monks, practicing spirituality, and sometimes achieving purification and renunciation, thus playing a vital role in supporting the faith.
From: Trishashti Shalaka Purusha Caritra
(1) A non-clerical person, in this context referring to Jinadasa's status.[5] (2) The status that Kundalamandita achieves by listening to Muni Municandra and renouncing his former ways.[6] (3) A person who became purified and obtained permission to enter Ramapuri after honoring the sadhus.[7] (4) An individual who is not a member of the clergy or religious order, yet may still follow spiritual practices and beliefs.[8]
From: Acaranga-sutra
(1) A person not ordained as a monk or nun who may offer lodging or support to mendicants.[9] (2) An individual who is not a monk or nun but is part of the religious community.[10] (3) A common person not belonging to the clergy or monastic order, who may assist monks or nuns in their needs.[11]