Significance of Internal and external
The concept of "Internal and external" spans across various disciplines, each emphasizing different interpretations. In Buddhism, it highlights the illusory divisions between self and world, while in Vastushastra, it pertains to architectural features. Shilpashastra categorizes deities, and in Vaishnavism, it relates to consciousness and actions. Ayurveda examines both internal and external treatment modalities for holistic health. Overall, "Internal and external" symbolizes the interplay between inner experiences and outside realities across traditions, illustrating the connection between various philosophical and practical applications.
Synonyms: Internal, Intrinsic, Inner, Domestic, Inherent, External, Outer, Outside, Superficial, Extrinsic
In Dutch: Intern en extern; In Finnish: Sisäinen ja ulkoinen; In Spanish: Interno y externo; In German: Intern und extern; In Swedish: Internt och externt; In Malay: Dalaman dan luaran; In French: Interne et externe; In Swedish: Intern och extern; In Polish: Wewnętrzne i zewnętrzne; In Portugese: Interno e externo; In Italian: Interno ed esterno
The below excerpts are indicatory and do represent direct quotations or translations. It is your responsibility to fact check each reference.
Buddhist concept of 'Internal and external'
In Buddhism, "Internal and external" encompass material phenomena influenced by seasonal conditions, consciousness support, and their intricate relationships—highlighting the illusory nature of self versus the world, ultimately emphasizing the concept of emptiness.
From: A Manual of Abhidhamma
(1) The internal and external material phenomena resulting from seasonal conditions are produced by the tejo-element, which is described in the text.[1]
From: Guide to Tipitaka
(1) These are the relationships of each dhamma that Yamaka resolves ambiguity in, clarifying their interactions and connections within the system of the text.[2]
From: Visuddhimagga (the pah of purification)
(1) The differentiation between elements that serve as internal support for consciousness and external elements.[3] (2) Refers to materiality and feelings considered in terms of one’s own experiences versus those of others.[4]
From: Maha Prajnaparamita Sastra
(1) They are two distinct operations; examining at the same time and simultaneously are conjunct operations.[5]
From: Shurangama Sutra (with commentary) (English)
(1) These characteristics are related to the properties of the ear, sound, and the ear consciousness, with the text trying to define where the boundaries exist, and whether there is a separation.[6] (2) These are described as not standing up, therefore a middle cannot be set up, according to the text, and they are by nature empty.[7]
From: The Great Chariot
(1) Concepts used to describe the illusory divisions between the self and the outside world, emphasizing emptiness.[8]
Hindu concept of 'Internal and external'
In Hinduism, "Internal and external" encompasses classifications of deities, dual nature of existence, presence of God within and around, distinctions in perception, and methods for treatments, emphasizing the interconnectedness of inner consciousness and outer actions.
From: Journal of Ayurveda and Integrated Medical Sciences
(1) Disease can be caused by two factors, internal and external, with external factors contributing to over 80% of cases, including infections, allergens, food, and environment.[9] (2) Ayurveda has mentioned various methods to tackle these problems as Ayurvedic scholars has put heavy weightage on importance of beauty; this in both male and female and has described treatments for these ailments in ancient texts such as Nasya Karma.[10] (3) This refers to the cleaning process for Dushta Vrana, which includes both internal and external methods for managing the condition.[11] (4) These treatment modalities are combined to bring about satisfactory results, as part of the holistic approach adopted in the study.[12] (5) This refers to the potential uses of the drug Shirish, indicating that it can be administered both inside the body and applied externally.[13]
From: History of Indian Medicine (and Ayurveda)
(1) The student's own circumstances, encompassing both their internal qualities and external conditions, were to be considered when making decisions about their medical education.[14]
From: Mahabharata (English)
(1) These are affairs of the kingdom that a character is asked to oversee, showing great trust.[15]
From: Yoga Vasistha [English], Volume 1-4
(1) This describes the eight organs of sense and action, highlighting the functions and their purposes, while also including the dull and dumb creatures in the process.[16]
From: Garuda Purana
(1) Referring to methods of application, where treatments can be administered either within the body or applied on the surface.[17]
From: Thirty minor Upanishads
(1) Refers to the two realms of experience: one's inner consciousness and the outside world.[18] (2) The two forms of Brahma-pranava.[19]
From: Mandukya Upanishad (Gaudapa Karika and Shankara Bhashya)
(1) The distinction between objects perceived within the mind versus those perceived through the senses in the outside world.[20]
From: Vivekachudamani
(1) Referring to both the inner state of the mind and the outer actions taken in the world, emphasizing the importance of maintaining dispassion in both realms.[21]
From: Mundaka Upanishad with Shankara’s Commentary
(1) This term differentiates between the inner experiences of air (kham) and the external environment, highlighting the dual nature of existence.[22]
From: Bhakti-rasamrta-sindhu
(1) Internal and external disturbances are both caused by the sattvika-bhavas, highlighting their profound impact on an individual's being.[23]
From: Bhajana-Rahasya
(1) The way in which Shri Krishna appears to His surrendered devotees, indicating a comprehensive presence.[24]
From: Chaitanya Bhagavata
(1) Relating to both the inner state of consciousness and awareness as well as outward behavior and actions.[25]
From: Brihad Bhagavatamrita (commentary)
(1) referring to the visible presence of the Lord, both within oneself and in the outer world[26]
From: Vakyapadiya of Bhartrihari
(1) The distinction made between the inner essence and the outer world, which is suggested to not truly exist.[27] (2) Concepts that signify the distinction between what is perceived internally by the consciousness and what is recognized externally by observation.[28]
From: Samarangana-sutradhara (Summary)
(1) Both the internal and external walls of living chambers and chambers used for dance and drama are suitable for paintings and decorative elements.[29] (2) Refers to the classifications of deities positioned within the palace and town, indicating different roles and areas of influence.[30]
From: Yoga-sutras (with Vyasa and Vachaspati Mishra)
(1) Internal and external are used to refer to the different types of Yogas, restraints, and observances which are the means for the attainment of steadiness.[31]
From: Kautilya Arthashastra
(1) This is a duty of an ascetic retired from the world (Parivrajaka), along with abstaining from all kinds of work, disowning money, keeping from society, begging in many places, dwelling in forests, and complete control. This role involves complete renunciation and spiritual pursuit.[32]
From: Rasa Jala Nidhi, vol 5: Treatment of various afflictions
(1) Categories of worms where internal refers to those found within the body and external refers to those found on the body.[33]
Jain concept of 'Internal and external'
In Jainism, "internal and external" classifies the dual origins of right faith. Internal causes arise from within, while external causes stem from outside influences.
From: Tattvartha Sutra (with commentary)
(1) The cause of origin is of two kinds, internal and external for right faith.[34]
The concept of Internal and external in local and regional sources
The keyphrase "Internal and external" signifies control over personal vices and external adversaries, dual nature of elements, and mastery of both physical and intangible senses, highlighting the importance of self-discipline and strategic awareness.
From: The Complete Works of Swami Vivekananda
(1) Ideas that exist by differentiation and do not exist in the things themselves, as demonstrated by how the world changes for us if we develop another sense, indicating that the subject changes the object.[35] (2) Internal and external actions occur when the mind joins itself to certain centers, called the organs, and is drawn to join itself to the centers.[36] (3) The two categories of senses that must be controlled, one being the physical and the other being intangible, requiring the disciple to gain mastery over them.[37] (4) These are the two forces that are a result of energy and resistance.[38]
From: Triveni Journal
(1) This refers to the senses over which Hanuman proved himself to be having control, and his ability in wit and presence of mind.[39] (2) This refers to the two main categories of enemies: the personal vices within a ruler and the opposing forces outside the state, emphasizing the importance of self-control and strategic foreign relations.[40]
From: History of Science in South Asia
(1) Firstly, each element appears to possess a dual nature: “both internal and external,” a characteristic of the elements.[41]
The concept of Internal and external in scientific sources
The keyphrase "Internal and external" encompasses various contexts within the text, including biological differentiation of genitalia, methods in Sallekhana, parasite prevalence, Ayurvedic treatments, and anatomical movements, highlighting its multifaceted relevance across different fields.
From: International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health (MDPI)
(1) Internal and external validation are crucial components in the process of validating QSAR models for predictive accuracy.[42] (2) Herein, their significant roles and behaviors involving enterprise decisionmaking were analyzed from both the internal and external perspectives and were integrated into the comprehensive framework for GTA.[43]
From: Sustainability Journal (MDPI)
(1) Stakeholders are typically categorized as internal and external groups, although an individual may belong to multiple categories simultaneously, with internal stakeholders often situated across different departments or hierarchical levels within the firm.[44] (2) An organization should visually consider internal and external dimensions of the work organization to assess underexplored or related areas.[45] (3) Internal and external green supply chain management practices encompass a range of initiatives aimed at improving environmental performance throughout the supply chain.[46]
From: Onderstepoort Journal of Veterinary Research
(1) The study focuses on the prevalence of internal and external parasites in pigs of different ages and sexes.[47] (2) The text focuses on the development of a self-medicating applicator for control of these parasites of wild and domestic animals, as stated in the full title.[48]
From: South African Journal of Physiotherapy
(1) These terms describe the directions of rotation of the shoulder joint, inward and outward, respectively, and are used to assess muscle strength.[49]
From: The Malaysian Journal of Medical Sciences
(1) Internal and external genitalia differentiation is essentially complete by the end of the 1st trimester, and the presence of testosterone and AMH protects the genetically male foetus from inadvertent feminisation.[50]
From: Religions Journal (MDPI)
(1) Smells in Buddhism are considered both internal and external, as olfaction can deconstruct boundaries not only of the body but also between different realms.[51] (2) Part of that identity involves issues of colonization (**internal and external**) and thus raises issues of indigeneity that are relevant beyond US borders.[52] (3) Internal and external elements are involved in the perception of disgust, which protects the body and soul from contamination, impurity, and degradation. Therefore, internal and external factors contribute to disgust.[53]